Unit 4 Earthquakes教案（新人教必修一）
教学目的和要求（Teaching aims and demands）
类别
课程标准要求掌握的项目
话题
Basic knowledge about earthquakes；how to protect oneself and help others in disasters.
词汇
shake well（n.） rise smelly pond pipe burst canal steam
dirt ruin injure destroy brick dam useless steel shock
quake rescue electricity disaster army organize bury coal
mine shelter fresh percent speech judge honour prepare
Europe
词组、短语
right away at an end dig out a（great）number of give out
thousands of
功能
叙述过去的经历（talking about past experiences）
Strange things were happening in the countryside in Northeast Hebei. For three days the water ... At about 3:00 am on July 28, 1976, people saw ... At 3:42 everything began to shake.
语法
定语从句（Ⅰ）（由that，which，who，whose引导的定语从句）
A huge crack that was eight kilometers long and thirty metres wide cut across houses, roads and canals.
The number of people who were killed or injured reached more than
400,000.
It was heard in Beijing, which is one hundred kilometers away.
Workers built shelters for survivors whose homes had been destroyed.
随堂练习
1、Read the passage again carefully and do this exercise. Join the correct parts
of the sentences.
1 The chickens didn’t eat because
A the army came to help them.
2 Before the earthquake the people
didn’t worry because
B the quake happened while they were
sleeping.
3 Such a great number of people died
because
C they didn’t know the quake caused the
strange events.
4 Water was needed because
D dams and wells were useless.
5 The people didn’t lose hope because
E they were nervous.
答案：1和E、2和C、3和B、4和D、5和A
2、Number each of these things during the Tangshan earthquake. Give a “1” to the
first thing that happened and a “5” to the last thing that happened.
3 Brick buildings were destroyed.
1 The wall of the village wells had crack in them.
5 Shelters were put up for those with no homes.
2 Roads got huge cracks.
4 The army helped the survivor.
课堂笔记
1、One-third of the country felt it.
全国三分之一的地方有震感。
one-third三分之一，分数词的表示方法是：
1.分数用基数词（one，two，three，...），分母用序数词（first，second，third，...），
当分子大于1时，分母的词尾要加s。
2.前面带有整数的分数用数字表示，但在句首时则用文字。
①Three-fourths of the water is polluted and one-fourth of the villagers have
moved away.
四分之三的水已经被污染，四分之一的村民已搬走。
②Your bag is 2 1/2 times the weight of mine.
你的书包是我的书包的两倍重。
③Two and a quarter inches of rain fell over the weekend.
周末的降雨量达2 1/4英寸。
2、The number of people who were killed or injured reached more than 400,000.
死伤人数达到40多万。
the number of是“数字，数量”的意思，其后的谓语要用单数第三人称；a number of
意为“很多，大量”，谓语要用复数。
①The number of students of our school is over 3000.
我们学校的学生数已达3000多人。
②A number of students have gone to America this summer.
今年暑假很多学生到美国去了。
3、Sand now filled the wells instead of water.
井里满是沙子而不是水。
instead of是短语介词，意为“代替”，其后常接名词、代词、动名词及介词短语等，
而instead是副词，是“然而”“而不是”的意思，常位于句首或句末。使用时，有时二
者可以转换。
①今天晚上我看电影，而不看电视。
1）I’ll see a film this evening instead of watching TV.
2）I’ll not watch TV this evening. I’ll see a film instead.
②他们通常步行上班，而不是乘公交汽车。
1）They usually go to work on foot instead of by bus.
2）They usually go to work on foot, but this time they will by bus instead.
4、People began to wonder how long the disaster would last.
人们开始纳闷这场灾难还会持续多久。
last既可以用作形容词、副词，也可以用作不及物动词，不能用于被动语态。此处用作
动词，是“持续，延续”的意思，它的含义比较广泛。
①The sports meet lasted three days.
运动会开了三天。
②The friendship between us will last long.
我们之间的友谊将天长地久。
③The weather lasted a whole week, which made everybody tired and sleepy.
暑热持续了一周，弄得人们疲惫困倦不堪。
5、All hope was not lost.
不是所有的希望都破灭了。
all not ...=not all 意为“并不是所有的都……”，在英语中属于部分否定，not之后
跟all，every，both等词时，是部分否定。
①Not all the girls left early.
=Only some of the girls left early.
并不是所有的女孩都走得很早。
②Don’t throw rubbish everywhere.
不要到处乱扔垃圾。
③Not every teacher is busy today.
=some are busy, some aren’t busy.
④Not both of my parents agree with me.
并不是我的父母都同意我的意见。
两者都不用neither，两者以上的全部否定用none of ...
①None of the teachers here smoke.
这儿的老师都不抽烟。
②Neither of his parents is at home today.
他父母今天都不在家。
6、They organized teams to dig out those trapped and to bury the dead.
救援人员组成小分队，将受困的人们挖出来，将死者掩埋。
the dead死难者，定冠词the之后加形容词，表示一类人。
①The old and the sick sat on a morecomfortable bus.
老人和病人坐在一辆舒服些的汽车上。
②For the blind, life is difficult. We should care for them whenever we can.
对盲人来说，生活是很艰难的，任何时候我们都要关心他们。
语法：定语从句
1.定语从句的两种结构：
A.主句（先行词）+引导词+从句
①This is the pen that I bought yesterday.
这是我昨天买的那只钢笔。
以上划直线部分为主句，其中pen为先行词，that为引导词，引导的斜体字部分为定
语从句，整个定语从句修饰先行词pen。
B.主句部分（先行词）+引导词+从句+主句部分
②The pen that I bought yesterday is made in Japan.
我昨天买的那只钢笔是日本产的。
A句型的特点是主句和从句前后两部分，而B句型的特点是主句被从句隔开。
2.关系代词that，which，who引导的定语从句
见课本P90-P91
练习：
Now add an attributive clause to complete each sentence using that, which, who,
or whose.
①The terrible shaking of the building woke up all the people who were asleep.
②The next day people put up shelters in the open air with all kinds of things
that/which they could find.
③Several days later most of the buildings that/which had been damaged were
repaired
④We went to see our teacher whose husband was killed in the earthquake.
⑤A number of children whose parents had died in the quake were sent to live
with families in other cities.
重点词汇
1、rise vi. 上升；上涨；起身
raise vt. 提升；提高；举起；提出；抚养；饲养
这两个动词极易混淆，但它们的根本特点或显著区别是rise是不及物动词，后边不能接
宾语，而raise是及物动词，后边要接宾语。
①The sun rises in the east and sets in the west.
太阳在东方升，西方落。
②The old man rises very early every day.
这个老人每天起得早。
③The curtain rises at 7 p.m.
下午7时开幕。
④If you want to ask a question, please raise your hand.
有问题请举手。
⑤Our government has taken strong measures to raise our standard of living.
我们的政府已采取强有力的措施来提高我们的生活水平。
⑥Anybody can raise a question in the discussion.
讨论中任何人都可以提出问题。
⑦I was raised（brought up）in the country.
我是在乡下（被）抚养长大的。
⑧They are busy raising money for the Hope Project.
他们忙于为希望工程募捐。
2、burst vi. （炸弹、炮弹、锅炉等）爆炸
vt. 使爆炸，使爆破；胀破
n. 爆炸，破裂
①A bomb burst a few yards away from where we stood.（vi.）
一颗炸弹在离我们所站不远的地方几码处爆炸了。
②The bottle burst.（vi.）
瓶子破裂了。
③Be careful. Don’t burst the balloon.（vt.）
小心，别把气球弄炸（破）了。
④If you get much fatter you’ll burst your clothes.（vt.）
如果你再胖下去，你的衣服就要绷破了。
⑤The police burst the door open.（vt.）
警方破门而入。
⑥burst into tears = burst out crying 突然大哭
burst into laughter = burst out laughing 突然大笑
⑦The burst of a bomb frightened all the children around.（n.）
炸弹的爆炸声使周围的小孩心惊肉跳。
⑧a burst of laughter 一阵笑声
a burst of anger（tears） 大发雷霆（大哭一番）
3、in the end，at an end，by the end，to the end，at the end。这些与end有关的短
语意思不一样，需要记忆。
in the end 终于
at an end 结束，终结
by the end 在……底之前
to the end 到底
at the end 在……底
①She found her necklace in the end.
她终于找到了她的项链。
②The war was at an end.
战争结束了。
③By the end of last mouth we had done all the work.
上个月底之前我们就干完了所有的工作。
④They made up their minds to fight to the end.
他们决定战斗到底。
⑤At the end of this mouth we’ll hold a sports meet.
本月底我们将举行运动会。
4、injure vt.&vi. 伤害；损害
hurt vt. 使受伤；使伤害； vi. 疼痛
这两个动词都有“伤害”的意思，injure是指意外事故中的受伤，hurt是指一般性的普
通外伤。作不及物动词是“疼痛”的意思，指伤害某人的感情时，二者可以互换。
①Five people were badly injured in the traffic accident.
有5人在车祸事故中严重受伤。
②Be careful not to hurt your finger.
当心别把手指弄伤了。
③In the football match he hurt his leg and now it hurts badly.
在足球比赛中他的腿受伤了，现在（腿）痛得很。
④What you said at the meeting hurt/injured her pride（feelings）.
你在会上说的话伤了她的自尊心（感情）。
5、怎样归纳英语中表示“多”的词语？
①只能接可数名词的：
many，a good/great many，a（large）number of
②只能接不可数名词的：
much，a great deal of，a large amount of
③接可数不可数名词均可的：
a lot of，lots of，plenty of，a large supply of，a large quantity of
6、怎样使用百分比？
①Seventy percent of the books are sold out.（is/are）
②Seventy percent of the water here is polluted.（is/are）
百分比之后的谓语使用单数第三人称还是复数形式，不是看百分比，而是看百分比后面
的名词，如果是不可数名词，就用单数形式，是可数名词，就用复数形式。
7、prepare，be prepared，get prepared，make preparations，be ready，get ready
以上这些词语都有“准备”的意思，但使用上有区别。可以从动态和状态两个方面来把
握：
表动态：
prepare，get prepared，make preparations，get ready
表状态：
be prepared，be ready
选用以上词语填空：
①The final examination is coming. Let’s prepare/get prepared/make
preparations/get ready for it.
②Please get your pen prepared/ready and paper for the exam.
③The teacher is pleased because we are prepared/are ready for the match.
练习：
应用括号里的词语翻译句子：
①并不是所有的学生都是团员。（not all）
Not all the students League members.
②请为明天的考试作好一切准备。（get ... ready）
Please get everything ready for tomorrow’s exam.
③我们终于见到了那位电影明星。（in the end）
We saw the film star in the end.
④这就是前天在运动场上受伤的那位运动员。（hurt，定语从句）
This is the player who was hurt on the playground the day before yesterday.
⑤谁也不知道这场雨要下多久。（last）
Nobody knows how long the rain will last.
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