Unit 6 When was it invented?
类别
课程标准要求掌握的项目
单元话题
In this unit, students learn to talk about the history of inventions.
单元语法
Passive voice (past tense)
教学目标
1.能掌握以下句型：
①—When was the telephone invented？
—I think it was invented in 1876.
②—What are they used for?
—They are used for seeing at night.
2.能谈论物品被发明的时间、发明者，表达某发明的用途。
3.了解一些近现代发明的时间及用途，激发自己热爱发明的情感。培养学生善于观察事物，面对难题，用积极的态度去解决，发挥想象力，认识世界，改造世界，拥有强烈求知欲的素养。
学情分析
本单元话题是发明，学生们对发明不太熟悉，因此教师在讲前应普及下有关发明的知识。在畅谈发明话题时自觉运用被动语态的过去时态。
第一课时 Section A(1a～2d)
类别
课时要点
重点
单词
1.style n．样式，款式 2.pleasure n．高兴，愉快
3.daily adj. 日常的，每日的 4.mention v. 提到，说到
5.list v．列表，列清单n.名单，清单
重点
词组
1.shoes with special heels特殊后跟的鞋子
2.hot icecream scoop 热的冰淇淋勺子
3.run on electricity 电动的
4.be used for被用作
5.such a great invention 如此了不起的发明
6.our daily lives我们的日常生活
15
7.have a point有点道理
8.with pleasure 愿意效力
重点
句式
1.I think the TV was invented before the car.
我认为电视是在轿车之前发明的。
2. —When was the telephone invented？
—I think it was invented in 1876.
——电话是什么时候发明的？
——我认为电话是在1876年被发明的。
3.—What are they used for?
—They are used for changing the style of the shoes.
——他们可用来做什么？
——他们可用来改变鞋子的样式。
4.The zipper was invented by Whitcomb Judson in 1893.But at that time, it wasn't used widely.
拉链是由Whitcomb Judson 在1893 年发明的，在那时它并没有得到广泛应用。
§自主学习案
翻译下列词组。
1．特殊后跟的鞋子 shoes__with__special__heels
2．热的冰淇淋勺子 hot__icecream__scoop
3．电动的 run__on__electricity
4．被用作 be__used__as
5．学校项目的课题 the__subject__for__my__school__project
6．我们的日常生活 our__daily__lives
7．有点道理 have__a__point
§课堂导学案
Step 1 准备与热身(Preparation)
展示一些近代发明的图片与近代发明的发明者，让学生们将图片与发明者相连。
T: Do you know what these inventions are?
S1: It's a car.
S2: It's a telephone.
S3: It's a television.
T: Do you know who these inventors are?
S1: Karl Benz.
S2: Alexander Bell.
S3: J．L.Baird.
Let students match the inventions and the inventors.
Step 2 呈现与输入 (Presentation)
1．要求学生翻开课本P41，迅速阅读1a部分的内容。并按要求完成课本上相应的任务：
15
Number the pictures.(1分钟)
2．检查答案，先要求全班一起给出答案并检查讨论。
3．要求学生听第一遍录音，并完成课本上1b的听力任务： Listen and match the inventions with the years.Check their answers: 读出序号－读出年份－读出完整的句子。(2分钟)
4．要求学生听第二遍录音，并逐句进行跟读。(2分钟)
5．完成教材1c的任务，要求学生模仿1a内容，进行对话练习。并邀请2－3对同学当堂进行演示。(3分钟)
6．小结训练。要求学生在规定的时间内完成一个小练习。并请若干学生给出自己的答案。有错误的及时解决纠正。(2分钟)
用所给单词的正确形式填空。
1．When was the telephone invented (invent)?
2．The computer can help(help) us do math problems.
3. In those days, the woman couldn't afford (afford)a TV because they were really expensive.
4．A friend of mine (I) came to see me last week.
5．I think you need to__take (take) a history class.
Step 3练习与体验 (Practice)
1．要求学生翻开课本P42。播放录音一遍，完成2a，2b的听力任务，然后个别检查，统一核对答案。(2分钟)
2．要求学生听第二遍录音，并逐句进行跟读。(2分钟)
3．听力内容巩固训练。要求学生根据所听到的内容完成下列各句。完成后要求若干学生给出自己的答案。以巩固对听力内容的了解。(4分钟)
The batteryoperated slippers are used for seeing in the dark.They were invented by Julie Thompson.This heated icecream scoop is used for scooping out really cold icecream.The shoes with adjustable heels are used for cleaning the style of your shoes.
4．大声朗读听力材料。(1分钟)
Step 4 运用与生成 (Production)
1．放下听力材料，要求学生模仿听力内容，利用2a，2b的信息分角色进行对话练习。然后邀请2－3对同学当堂演示。看哪一对的表现最佳。(5分钟)
2．播放2d的对话录音，让学生跟读，模仿并理解大意。然后让学生分角色朗读并表演2d的对话。(5分钟)
3．对话内容巩固训练。要求学生根据2d对话的内容完成短文。完成后要求若干学生给出自己的答案。以巩固对对话内容的了解。(4分钟)
Last week, Roy saw a website,__it says the zipper is one of the greatest small inventions that changed the world.It mentioned that the zipper was invented by Whitcomb Judson in 1893.But at that time, it wasn't widely used.Paul thinks he do seems to have a point.The zipper is really such a great invention and it's used in our daily lives very often and everywhere.
Step 5 巩固与提高(Progress)
探究点
They're used for seeing in the dark.人们在黑暗中用它们来照路。
be used for被用来做……
15
短语后接名词或动词的ing形式。
e．g.Knives are used for cutting things.刀用来切东西。
English is used for business.英语用于做生意。
【拓展】
(1)be used as被用作……，介词as表示“作为”，其后接名词，强调使用的工具及手段。
e．g.The room is used as an office.这间房被用作办公室。
(2)be used by被……使用，介词by后面接动作的执行者。
e．g.Cellphone is used by most people.大多人都用手机。
(3)be used to do sth.被用来做某事。
e．g.Smartphones are used to play games.智能手机可被用来玩游戏。
针对训练
用use的恰当形式填空。
1．Everything you say will be recorded and will be__used__by us.
2．Some herb(草本植物)can be__used__as medicine.
3．The bricks(砖) are__used__for building houses.
Step 6 家庭作业(Homework)
1．背诵2d的对话。
2．完成本单元学生用书第一课时的练习。
§教学反思：__
__
__
第二课时 Section A(3a～4c)
类别
课时要点
重点
单词
1.nearly adv.几乎，差不多 2.boil v. 煮沸，烧开
3.remain v. 保持不变；剩余 4.national adj.国家的，民族的
5.ring v．发出响声，打电话 6.smell n．气味 v．发出…气味，闻到
7.low adj.低的，矮的 8.translate v. 翻译
9.lock v．锁上 n．锁 10.sudden adj.突然的
重点
词组
1.by accident偶然，意外地
2.a Chinese ruler called Shen Nong一位叫神农的中国统治者
3.over the open fire在火堆上
15
4.fall into the water 落入水中
5.make tea 泡茶
6.take place 发生
7.without doubt毫无疑问
8.the saint of tea茶圣
9.It is said that 据说，听说
10.at a low price 以一个很低的价格
11.take these photos 拍这些照片
12.go out alone 单独外出
13.translate the book into different languages 把书翻译成不同种的语言
14.all of a sudden突然
15.work on 从事，进行
重点
句式
1.The most popular drink in the world, was invented by accident.
世界上最受欢迎的饮料是被偶然发明的。
2. Many people believe that tea was first drunk by Shen Nong nearly 5，000 years ago.
许多人相信茶是在将近五千年前由神农首先喝的。
3.A nice smell was produced when the tea leaves dropped into the hot water.
当茶叶落入热水中时发出一种很香的味道。
重点
句式
4.It also discusses where the finest tea leaves were produced and what kinds of water were used.
它也讨论了什么地方出产最好的茶叶并且用什么样的水。
5.It is believed that tea was brought to Korea and Japan during the 6th and 7th centuries.
已确信茶是在六到七世纪期间被带到韩国和日本的。
6.—When was the zipper invented？
—It was invented in 1893.
——拉链是什么时候发明的？
——它是在1893年被发明的。
7.—Who was it invented by？
—It was invented by Whitcomb Judson.
——它是由谁发明的？
15
——它是被惠特科姆·贾德森发明的。
8.The fridge was sold at a low price.
这个冰箱被以低价卖掉了。
9.The students were told not to eat or drink in class.
学生们被告知在课堂上不准吃或喝任何东西。
§自主学习案
翻译下列词组。
1．偶然地 by__accident
2．据说 It__is__said__that
3．落入水中 fall__into__the__water
4．在火堆上 over__an__open__fire
5．泡茶 make__tea
6．最上等的茶叶 the__finest__tea__leaves
7．茶圣 the__saint__of__tea
8．人们相信 It__is__believed__that
9．发生 take__place
10．无疑 without__doubt
11．以一个很低的价格 at__a__low__price
12．拍这些照片 take__these__photos
13．单独外出 go__out__alone
14．把书翻译成不同种的语言 translate__the__book__into__different__languages
15．突然 all__of__a__sudden
16．从事 work__on
17．不到，少于 less__than
§课堂导学案
Step 1 准备与热身(Preparation)
播放视频《茶叶的起源》，让学生们了解中国的茶文化，及茶叶被发明的渊源，并了解其发展过程。
1．What is the video about?
2．Who is the writer of Cha Jing?
Students try to answer the questions:
It's about the tea.
Lu Yu.
Step 2 呈现与输入 (Presentation)
1．要求学生快速默读短文，熟知大意，并完成课本3a的任务：match each paragraph with its main idea; 然后邀请几位同学给出自己的答案，全班一起学习讨论。(3分钟)
2．先邀请几位同学阅读短文(可一人一段)，教师要注意学生的语音，给予必要的朗读指导。然后播放录音，全班同学一起跟读。(3分钟)
Step 3练习与体验 (Practice)
1．完成教材3b的任务，要求学生再次阅读短文内容，回答3b中所提出的问题。(5分钟)
2．用3c
15
方框中所给的单词的正确形式完成句子；设置一个5分钟的时限；然后请5位同学分别朗读句子，同时核对答案。
参考答案
1．invented 2.drunk 3.produced 4.brought 5.traded
Step 4 运用与生成 (Production)
短文内容巩固练习。教师可给出一篇改写了的短文，将一些重点的表达方式空出。让学生在规定的时间内补全短文。然后邀请若干同学给出自己的答案。(4分钟)
Tea is the most popular drink in the world.But to our surprise, it was invented by accident.It wasn't brought to western world until 1610, but it was discovered 3，000 years earlier.An ancient Chinese legend says Shen Nong discovered the tea when he was boiling drinking water in the open air.Some leaves from a nearby bush fell into the water and remained there for some time.And a pleasant smell came from the water then.He__tasted the mixture and it was wonderful.And in this way, tea was invented.
Step 5 呈现与输入 (Presentation)
学生阅读Grammar Focus中的句子，然后完成本单元学生用书单元语法小专题Grammar Focus的精讲专练部分。
Step 6 运用与生成 (Production)
1．要求学生翻开课本P44，参照4a所提供的信息和例句，用被动语态改写句子。给出5分钟的时限，并请4位同学在黑板上改写，全班集体核对答案。(5分钟)
参考答案
2．My camera was stolen from my hotel room by somebody.
3．Where were these photos taken?
4．We were advised by our parents not to go out alone.
5．The book was translated by different writers into different languages.
2．用所给单词的正确形式完成4b句子。给出5分钟的时限，并请5位同学朗读句子，全班集体核对答案。
参考答案
1．were invited 2.were brought 3.was locked, rang 4.were told, broke 5.were eaten, liked
3．先浏览4c的短文，确定空格处的动词是用主动形式还是被动形式，然后用动词的正确形式填空完成短文。给出5分钟的时限，并请1位同学朗读短文，全班集体核对答案。
参考答案
1．was invented 2.was born 3.worked 4.learned 5.was invented 6.was said 7.is used
Step 7 巩固与提高(Progress)
探究点
The Chinese are without doubt the ones who best understand the nature of tea.毫无疑问，中国人是最了解茶的性质的民族之一。
without doubt毫无疑问地；的确，固定短语，在句中作状语。
e．g.Without doubt, he is the best student in our class.毫无疑问，他是我们班上最好的学生。
He is, without doubt, the greatest golfer in Japan.毫无疑问，他是日本最好的高尔夫球手。
【拓展】 doubt作动词的句型：
15
(1)doubt＋名词或代词。
e．g.I doubt his words.我怀疑他的话。
(2)doubt＋宾语从句。
①在否定句和疑问句中，doubt后接that引导的宾语从句。
e．g.I don't doubt that he can finish the work on time.我相信他能按时完成任务。
②在肯定句中，doubt后面一般接whether或if引导的宾语从句。
e．g.I doubt whether/if she will keep her word.我不敢肯定她会信守诺言。
针对训练
根据汉语，完成句子。
1．毫无疑问，外观比价格重要。
Without__doubt，appearance comes before price.
2. 我怀疑他们能否游过河去。
I doubt whether__they__can__swim__across__the__river.
3．我相信他一定会成功。
I don't__doubt that he will succeed.
Step 8 家庭作业(Homework)
完成本单元学生用书第二课时的练习。
§教学反思：__
__
__
第三课时 Section B(1a～1e)
类别
课时要点
重点
单词
1.crispy adj. 脆的，酥脆的 2.salty adj. 咸的
3.sour adj. 酸的，有酸味的 4.customer n. 顾客
重点
句式
1. —Did you know potato chips were invented by mistake？
—I didn't know that.Who invented them?
—Potato chips were invented by a cook called George Grum.
——你知道土豆条是由于错误才发明的吗？
——我不知道，是谁发明的？
——土豆条是由一个叫George Grum的厨师发明的。
2.The customer thought the potatoes were not thin enough.
顾客认为土豆不够薄。
15
3.Finally he put lots of salt on them so they were salty enough.
最后他在他们上面撒了许多盐以使他们足够咸。
§自主学习案
翻译下列词组。
1．错误地，无意地 by__mistake
2．尝起来很脆 taste__crispy
3．不够薄 not__thin__enough
4．使顾客高兴 make__the__customer__happy
5．最后终于 in__the__end
6．在……上放了很多盐 put__lots__of__salt__on__…
7．烹饪了很长时间 cook…__for__a__long__time
8．土豆条 potato__chips
§课堂导学案
Step 1 准备与热身(Preparation)
1．Let students watch an interesting picture.
2．Ask some questions about them.
T: What did they eat?
S1: Icecream.
T: What did the big dog think of the icecream?
S2: Sweet, cool, and delicious!
T：Well let's look at some other delicious food, please.
Step 2 呈现与输入 (Presentation)
1．要求学生翻开课本P45，迅速阅读1a部分的内容。并按要求完成课本上相应的任务。 然后要求4名同学给出自己的答案，并进行个读，齐读。(2分钟)
2．要求学生完成1b部分的任务：Write the name of a different food after each word.然后邀请几名同学给出自己的答案。并把收集的答案列举在黑板上。(4分钟)
参考答案
sweet banana;__crispy chips;__salty noodles;__sour grapes
3．听第一遍录音，完成课本上1c部分的任务： Listen and circle T or F. (2分钟)
1．T 2.F 3.T 4.F 5.F 6.T
Step 4 运用与生成 (Production)
1．听第二遍录音，完成课本上1d部分的任务：Listen and complete the sentences. (2分钟)
2．听力内容巩固训练。要求学生根据所听到的内容完成下列对话。完成后要求若干学生给出自己的答案。以巩固对听力内容的了解。(3分钟)
Do you like potato chips? Do you know how the potato chips were__invented? Now, let's listen and fill in the blanks.
Potato chips were invented by__mistake.They were invented by a chef called George Crum.One day a customer thought the fried potatoes weren't thin enough and weren't salty enough.So George cut them really thin and cooked them for a long time
15
until they were crispy.And he sprinkled a lot of salt on them so they were salty.
3．听第三遍录音，并打开听力材料，全班逐句进行跟读。(2分钟)
4．放下听力材料，要求学生利用1c和1d的听力内容；模仿1e方框所给的对话编造一个有关土豆条的发明的对话练习。然后邀请2－3对同学当堂分角色演示。看哪一对的表现最佳。(5分钟)
Step 5 巩固与提高(Progress)
探究点一
Potato chips were invented by mistake.薯条是被阴差阳错地发明的。
by mistake固定短语，意为“错误地”，常用在句中作状语。
e．g.He took my umbrella by mistake.
【拓展】
(1)make a mistake犯错，也可写成make mistakes
e．g.Don't worry, we all make mistakes.
(2)mistake sb./sth.for sb./sth.把……错当成……
e．g.I mistook her for her sister.我把她误看成她妹妹。
针对训练
1．I'm sorry I took your pen by__mistake__(错误地)．
2．It's normal to make__mistakes(犯错)while learning English.
3．I mistook (错当成)her umbrella __for mine.
探究点二
George wanted to make the customer happy.乔治想使顾客高兴。
make the customer happy是make的一个固定结构。其结构为：make＋宾＋形容词，意为“使某人/物……”。
e．g.The good news made me excited.这个好消息使我很兴奋。
【拓展】
(1)make＋宾＋do sth.让某人做某事
e．g.My parents often make me do some housework.我父母经常让我做一些家务活。
(2)make＋宾＋名词/代词，使某人/物(成为)……
e．g.We made him our monitor.我们让他当我们的班长。
(3)make＋宾＋动词的过去分词，使某人/物被……
e．g.Can you speak louder to make yourself heard？你能说大点声，让别人听得见吗？
针对训练
用所给词的适当形式填空。
4．Staying up too late makes me sleepy (sleep)．
5．He lost his key.It made him stay (stay)outside.
6．His joke made us laugh (laugh)．
7．Tom played football very well.So we made him our leader (lead)．
Step 6 家庭作业(Homework)
完成本单元学生用书第三课时的练习。
§教学反思：__
__
__
15
第四课时 Section B(2a～2e)
类别
课时要点
重点
单词
1.Canadian 加拿大的 2.divide v. 分开，分散
3.hero n. 英雄，男主角 4.professional adj. 职业的，专业的
5.basket n．篮，筐
重点
词组
1.a muchloved and active sport一个深受喜爱并且积极的运动
2.divide…into把……分开
3.work together配合，合作
4.at the same time同时
5.stop sb.from doing sth.阻止某人做某事
6.dream of doing sth.梦想做某事
7.look up to钦佩，仰慕
8.the professional basketball groups职业篮球机构
9.decide on决定，判定
10.come up with想到，想起
11.lead to导致
12.all of a sudden突然
13.use someone else's idea借用其他人的想法
14.more than 超过，多于
15.the popularity of basketball 篮球的普及
重点
句式
1.It is over 100 years old and is played by more than 100 million people in over 200 countries.
它有一百多年并且在二百多个国家有一亿多人都打篮球。
2.It's believed that the first basketball game in history was played on December 21，1891.
已确信历史上的第一次篮球赛是在1891年12月21日进行的。
3.Dr.Naismith created a game to be played
15
inside on a hard floor.
Dr.Naismith创造了一个可在室内坚硬地板上玩的游戏。
4.Today, the popularity of basketball has risen around the world, with many young people dreaming of becoming famous players.
今天，随着许多年青人梦想成为著名的球员，篮球在全世界的受欢迎程度得到上升。
5.Basketball has not only become a popular sport to play，but it has also become a popular sport to watch.篮球不仅已成为受欢迎的比赛运动，而且已成为受欢迎的观赏运动。
6.This special pen was invented by Liu Jie.
这个特殊的钢笔是由刘杰发明的。
7.It's hard to tell who came up with the idea first.
很难断定谁先想到这个主意。
8.They think that the inventor used someone else's idea to create his or her invention.
他们认为发明家是借用其他人的想法来创造自己的发明。
§自主学习案
翻译下列词组。
1．一项深受喜爱的运动a__much__loved__sport
2．配合，合作 work__together
3．阻止某人做某事 stop__sb.from__doing__sth.
4．梦想做某事 dream__of__doing__sth.
5．钦佩，仰慕 look__up__to
6．想起，想到 come__up__with
7．导致 lead__to
8．借用他人的想法 use__someone__else's__idea
§课堂导学案
Step 1 准备与热身(Preparation)
1．向同学们展示一些篮球运动的图片，并问一些有关篮球的问题，并和全班一起讨论。
T: Do you like basketball? (What's your favorite sport？)
S1: Sure.I like it very much.
T: Do you watch basketball games?
S2: Yes.I like to watch the NBA and CBA.
T: Do you know the history of basketball game?
15
2．进行短文学习之前，教师要准备几个有助于理解短文内容的问题。要求学生带着问题去阅读短文。在阅读完短文之后应该能回答所给出的问题。
参考案例
1．How old is the sport of basketball?
It's__a__little__over__100__years__old.
2．When was it invented?
It__was__invented__in__1861.
3．When was the first basketball game in history played?
On__December__21st,__1891.
4．Why were the Berlin Olympics important for basketball?
Because__it__became__an__Olympic__event__in__Berlin.
5．What do many Chinese play basketball for?
They__play__it__for__fun__and__exercise.
Step 2 呈现与输入 (Presentation)
1．要求学生快速默读短文，熟知大意，并找出各段的主题大意。 然后邀请几位同学给出自己的答案，全班一起检查讨论。(3分钟)
2．先邀请几位同学阅读短文(可一人一段)，教师要注意语音，及时纠正。然后播放录音，全班同学一起跟读。(3分钟)
Step 3练习与体验 (Practice)
1．让学生再细读短文， 完成2c所给的记忆图，并适当添加其他信息。(3分钟)
Step 4 运用与生成 (Production)
1．借助2c的信息记忆图和你的同伴一起利用2d所给的问题一起来总结篮球的发展过程。
2．让学生分组先讨论一下你认为一些著名的运动员怎么样，列举一些要成为一名著名的篮球队员有哪些困难。
Step 5 巩固与提高(Progress)
探究点
It is believed that the first basketball game in history was played on December 21，1891.
人们相信历史上第一场篮球赛是在1891年12月21日举行的。
It is believed that … 人们相信……
其句型结构为：It＋ be＋动词的过去分词＋that从句。句中it是形式主语，that从句才是真正的主语。
e．g.It is believed that he is an excellent basketball player.人们相信他是一位优秀的篮球运动员。
【拓展】 类似句型还有：
It is said that 据说
It is supposed that据猜测
It is reported that 据报道
e．g.It is said that we'll have a sports meeting next week.据说下周我们要开一个运动会。
It's supposed that Mary will return soon.据猜测玛丽很快会回来。
It's reported that a car accident happened in our city.据报道我市发生了一起车祸。
针对训练
15
根据汉语提示完成句子。
1．It's__believed__that (人们认为)our life is better and better.
2. It's__reported__that (据报道)a new road will be built in our city.
3. It's__supposed__that__(据猜测) Mr.Black had been separated from his wife.
4. It's__said__that__(据说)a snowstorm will hit our city.
Step 6 家庭作业(Homework)
1．试着向你的朋友用英语讲述篮球的发展过程。
2．完成学生用书本单元第四课时的练习。
§教学反思：__
__
__
第六课时 Section B(3a～3b)
类别
课时要点
重点单词
invention，business，description，imagine
重点短语
take notes，is used for，It's hard to…，come up with….
重点句式
1.Think of something that you do not like to do.
2.Write a description of your new invention.
3.This special pen was in invented by Liu Jie.It has three colors and is used for…
§课堂导学案
Step 1 准备与热身(Preparation)
问题导入：
1．Who like basketball?
2．Do you watch basketball games?
3．How much do you know about this sport?
Step 2呈现与输入 (Presentation)
1．让学生讨论完成3a表格的内容。
2．根据3a所给表格列举出的内容提示，想些你不喜欢做的事，然后想一些发明来帮助你，然后和同伴进行交流，写出提要。
Step 3练习与体验 (Practice)
要求学生完成下列练习，通过练习来加强学生的理解，使所学语言得到及时的运用。
( C )1.It's ________ that the earth is round.
A．believe B．say
C．believed D．saying
( D )2.A number of the students________ on the playground now. The
15
number________3，000.
A．is；is B．is；are
C．are；are D．are；is
( B )3.The traffic accident stopped me from________ to the station on time.
A．get B．getting
C．to get D．got
( C )4.He dreamed________ a snake(蛇)．
A．on B．with
C．of D．in
Step 4 运用与生成 (Production)
1．假设你现在是一名商人，根据3a写的提要以及3b方框中所给的句型、短语提示写出一篇描述你的新发明的文章，介绍这种新产品并设法卖给你的同学们。
2．学生完成后评出优秀的书信在班上展示，对于存在的问题，予以指导纠正。
Step 5 家庭作业(Homework)
1．查找更多有关你最想了解的一项发明的信息，然后用所给提示写句子。
2．完成本单元学生用书第六课时的练习。
§教学反思：__
15
微信/支付宝扫码支付