2020年中考英语语法大全：特殊疑问句

2020年中考英语语法大全：特殊疑问句特殊疑问句 用疑问词引导的疑问句叫做特殊疑问句。回答特殊疑问句时不能用yes或no。用降调。为了便于理解、掌握特殊疑问句，我们把疑问词分为三类： 疑问代词：what，who，Which，whose，whom 疑问副词：when，where，why，how 疑问形容词：what(which，whose)+名词 1疑问代词的用法 1.what引导的疑问句 此类疑问句可以对主语、表语和宾语提问。 a.对主语提问 What is in your pocket? 你口袋里有什么? 这个问题可以有两种回答： a：There is an egg in it. 在口袋里有一个蛋。 b：An egg is(in it). 一个蛋(在里面)。 What's in the room? 屋子里有什么? There are a lot of chairs in it. =A 1ot of chairs are in it.有许多椅子。 注意 回答此句型的问题时，答句的单复数根据实际情况而定。 b.对宾语提问 What did you buy?你买了什么? I bought a bike.我买了辆自行车。 c.对表语提问 What is this?这是什么? It's a bench.这是一条长凳。 What is your mother?你妈妈是干什么的? 注意 What is +人?此句型是问人的职业，一般译为“是干什么的?” She is a teacher.她是个老师。 2.Who，whom，whose引导的疑问句 此类疑问句可以对主语、表语和宾语提问。 Who broke the window?(对主语提问) 谁打破了窗户? who可以对主语和表语提问。whom是who的宾格，对宾语提问，但在口语中who可以代替whom。 Li Ming did.李明打破的。 Who is that woman?(对表语提问) 那个女人是谁? She is my mother.她是我妈妈。(关系) 或者：She is Rose.她是罗思。(姓名) 注意 Who is +人?是询问某人的姓名或与人关系的问句。与What is +人?(问人的职业)不同。 Whose is this umbrella?这伞是谁的? This umbrella is my sister's. 这伞是我姐姐的。 注意 whose之后如果没有名词时，表示“谁的(东西)……”。 Which引导的特殊疑问句此类疑问句可以对主语和宾语提问。 Which is Tom's?(对主语提问)哪个是汤姆的? This is his.这是他的。 Which does he want?(对宾语提问) 他想要哪一个? He wants the green one.他想要那个绿色的。 注意 疑问词what，who，which在句中作主语时，语序是陈述句语序。 2疑问形容词的用法 what，which，whose后面跟上名词时，这三个疑问词起形容词作用。 What sports do you like?(对宾语提问) 你喜欢什么运动? I like basketball.我喜欢篮球。 Whose pens are these?(对表语提问) 这些是谁的钢笔? They are Li Ming's.这些是李明的。 Whose father died two years ago?(对主语提问) 两年前谁的父亲死了? Which picture did you take?(对宾语提问) 哪一张照片是你拍的? I took the one on the right. 右边的那一张是我拍的。 3疑问副词的用法 句型：疑问副词+一般疑问句的语序～? (疑问副词在句中作状语，所以它们不可能对主语提问) 1.when引导的疑问句：询问时间 When were you born?你何时出生? (I was born)on June 5，1962. 我是1962年6月5日出生的。 注意 when引起的疑问句，都可用简略式回答，只回答出时间就可以了。 When will you go to Japan?你什么时候去日本? (I'll go there)next year.我明年去那儿。 when问的是具体时间，所以不能和完成时连用。 (×)When have you been here? (○)How long have you been here? 你呆在这里有多久了? (○)When did you come here? 你什么时候来这里的? 2.where引导的疑问句：询问地点、场所 Where do you live?你住在哪儿? (I live in)Beijing.(可以简略回答出地点) 我住在北京。 Where are you going?你准备去什么地方? I am going to Japan.我准备去日本。 3.why引导的疑问句：询问原因 它的回答只能用because引导的原因状语从句。 Why are you late?你为什么迟到? Because I met the accident. 因为我遇上车祸了。 Why didn't you see the movie? =Why did you not see the movie? 你为什么不去看那部电影? Because I had seen it before. 因为我已经看过了。 4.how引导的疑问句：可分为两类 a." How…?"how可单独地置于疑问句的句首。 询问如何地做某事即做某事的方法、手段及健康、天气…… How do you go to school?(问方式) I go to school by bus.我坐公共汽车。 How are you?(问健康)你身体怎样? I'm fine. Thank you!我很好。谢谢你。 How is the weather today?(问天气) 今天天气如何? It's cloudy.今天多云。 表示方式、方法、手段的介词 1.by ：表示交通工具，用哪一种方式 by bus 搭公车 by train 搭火车 by bike 骑自行车 by air =by plane 乘飞机 by sea =by ship 乘船 此时，名词前不加冠词。 2.with ：表示工具、器官…… with a pen 用笔 with a pencil 用铅笔 with my mouth 用我的嘴 with my eyes 用我的眼睛 How did you eat ? 你怎样吃的? I eat with a spoon . 我用勺吃。 此时的名词前要加冠词或代词。 3.in ：表示方法 I say in English . 我用英语说。 其他：in ink 用墨水…… 注意 How……? How are you ? How do you do ? 你好吗? How about ～? = How about ～? 如何? How do you like～? =What do you think of ～? 你觉得怎样? b：How +形容词(副词)～? 询问年龄、身高、数量、次数、距离…… How many 多少(可数名词)How many sisters do you have? How much 多少(不可数名词)How much is the book? How old 多大 (岁数) How old are you? How tall 多高 (人，树) How tall is that tree? How long 多少时间 (多久)How long will you stay here? 多长 (长度) How long is the rope? How often 多久(频率)How often do you visit here? How soon 多块(时间) How soon will he be back? How far 多远(距离)How far is it from A to B? How high 多高 (山) How high is Mt.Fujin?富士山有多高?