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必修一 Unit2 English around the world
Grammar
Indirect Speech and Indirect Speech
Introduction
In this period students will be helped by the teacher first to discover useful words and expressions, and then to discover and use useful structures. Direct & Indirect Speech is again presented in systematic details.
Objectives
■ To help students better their speaking by reading aloud the text to the tape
■ To help students understand and use indirect speech to express requests and commands
■ To help students learn to use some useful words and expressions
Procedures
1. Warming up by reading the text aloud to the tape
To begin with we shall read the text learned yesterday to the tape. Try to make your reading aloud as native-like as possible.
2. Building your word power
下列形容词既可作前置定语又可作后置定语, 但意义不同
the present person如今的人
the person present 当时在场的人
a concerned look关切的神情
the comrades concerned有关的同志
the given time特定的时间
the time given给予的时间
a long and involved explanation复杂难懂的解释
the person involved牵涉/卷入（到某事中）的人
the responsible person（褒义）可靠的人
the person responsible （贬义）需要（尤其指为坏事）承担责任的人
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[词义辨析] request, demand, require
request意为“恳求；请求”，指通过正式手续突出要求，口气和缓，态度礼貌。常用request sb.to do sth.;
All I requested of you was that you came early. 我对你的唯一要求就是早点来。
He requested his father to leave here.
demand主语是人时，表示坚决要求，坚持要做某事；主语是物时，指迫切需要。常用demand of sb. to do sth.; 不说demand sb. to do sth.。
The workers are demanding better pay. 工人们要求提高工资。
The girl demanded of Mary to give her the book.
Civil rights fighter demands that blacks will be treated equally. (Language Study) 民权战士要求黑人被公平对待。
require表示按照法规、权力提出的要求或命令，指客观需要，含缺此不可之意。常用require to do/ doing(这里动名词的主动形式表示被动)
I have done all that is required by law. 我已做了法律规定的一切。
The baby requires/ needs/ wants to be looked after.
= The baby requires/needs/wants looking after.
demand, request, require后面跟宾语从句时，从句后谓语动词都要用虚拟语气，即should加动词原形。
The teacher requested that all of us (should) attend the meeting.
【相关链接】：be in (great) demand (迫切)需求
3. Learning about direct and indirect speech
Direct Speech
Indirect Speech
simple present
He said, “I go to school every day.”
simple past
He said (that) he went to school every day.
simple past
He said, “I went to school every day.”
past perfect
He said (that) he had gone to school every day.
present perfect
He said, “I have gone to school every day.”
past perfect
He said (that) he had gone to school every day.
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present progressive
He said, “I am going to school every day.”
past progressive
He said (that) he was going to school every day.
past progressive
He said, “I was going to school every day.”
perfect progressive
He said (that) he had been going to school every day,
future (will)
He said, “I will go to school every day.”
would + verb name
He said (that) he would go to school every day.
future (going to)
He said, “I am going to school every day.”
present progressive
He said (that) he is going to school every day.
past progressive
He said (that) he was going to school every day
Direct Speech
Indirect Speech
auxiliary + verb name
He said, “Do you go to school every day?”
He said, “Where do you go to school?”
simple past
He asked me if I went to school every day.*
He asked me where I went to school.
imperative
He said, “Go to school every day.”
infinitive
He said to go to school every day.
Direct Speech
Indirect Speech
can
He said, “I can go to school every day.”
could
He said (that) he could go to school every day.
may
He said, “I may go to school every day.”
might
He said (that) he might go to school every day.
might
He said, “I might go to school every day.”
must
He said, “I must go to school every day.”
had to
He said (that) he had to go to school every day.
have to
He said, “I have to go to school every day.”
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should
He said, “I should go to school every day.”
should
He said (that) he should go to school every day.
ought to
He said, “I ought to go to school every day.”
ought to
He said (that) he ought to go to school every day.
4. Discovering useful structures by learning to offer commands
In groups of four, think of at least three commands your teachers and parents usually give. You may follow these steps.
Choose one who is to give the first command.
Ask another person in your group to tell somebody what you said.
The third person will change the request or command from direct into indirect speech.
Change role so that each person gets the chance to give commands and turn them into indirect speech.
Example:
T: Please don’t talk in class.
S1: What did our teacher tell us? / What did our teacher say?
S2: He told/asked us not to talk in class. / She said not to talk in class.
5. Finding out differences
What are the differences between the request and command?
The replies are given and you are to give a request or a command. Write the sentence down in the blank.
★ A: _______________________________________
B: I’ll go and collect some wood right now, master.
★ A: _______________________________________
B: Of course I’ll be happy to collect your shopping for you.
★ A:__________________________________________
B: Yes. I’ll shut the door at once, Mr. Zhang.
★ A:_________________________________________
B: No, I won’t get your coat if you talk to me like that.
★ A:_________________________________________
B: Sorry. I’ll get that book for you right now.
6. Looking back
高考单选题中的“交际用法”
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1. Would you take this along to the office for me?
A. With pleasure. B. That’s right. C. Never mind. D. Don’t mention it.
21. — Andrew won't like it, you know.
— _____ ? I don't care what Andrew thinks!
A. So what B. So where C. So why D. So how
35. — Excuse me, Sir, is the swimming pool open all day?
—_____Only from 6:00 pal to 10:00 pm.
A. That's right. B. Yes, of course C. Sorry, I am not sure D. Sorry, I'm afraid not
28. —It took me ten years to build up my business, and it almost killed me.
—Well, you know what they say. _________.
A. There is no smoke without fire B. Practice makes perfect
C. All roads lead to Rome D. No pains, no gains
9. －I’m thinking of the test tomorrow. I’m afraid I can’t pass this time.
－ _____! I’m sure you’ll make it.
A. Go ahead B. Good luck C. No problem D. Cheer up
35.―You know who came yesterday?
―Yao Ming? We had a basketball match.
―_____ He came and watched the game.
A. You guessed it! B. How did you know that? C. Well done! D. That was good news!
26.－These books are too heavy for me to carry.
－_____ .
A. You may ask for help B. I will give you a hand C. I will do you a favor D. I’d come to help
Keys: AADDDAB
7. Closing down by going over the learned expressions
To end this period we shall sum up all the expressions learned so far from this unit.
Language chunks from Unit 2 English around the world
in/on a team, the number of/a number of, over time, communicate with, be based on, make use of, have one’s own identity, Only time can tell, solve a problem, believe it or not, no such a…, all over the world, at the top(bottom) of, to this day, sum up, Pardon?, beg your pardon, go abroad, encourage sb. to do sth., work on, feel like sth., from time to time, English-speaking countries, from one…to another, do business, on the air, make notes, fight against, keep…a
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secret, even though, save time(money), a form of…
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