初三英语Unit 9—Unit 10复习人教版（新目标）
【本讲教育信息】
一. 教学内容： Unit 9 — Unit 10 复习
Unit 9 When was it invented?
短语：
according to 根据，按照 in this way 这样
in the end= at last=finally 最后 sth. be invented by sb. 某样东西被谁发明的
the most helpful最有帮助的 the most popular 最受欢迎的
give sb. some time to do sth. 给某人一些时间做某事
fall into 落入，陷入
help sb. do sth. 帮助某人做某事 help you leave the island帮助你离开岛屿
make sb. + adj. 使某人… make me happy 使我开心
a chef called Black 一个叫布莱克的厨师
sprinkle a lot of salt on chips在薯片上洒大量的盐
decide to do sth. 决定做某事 not…until 直到…才
over three thousand years三千年以上 produce a pleasant smell 产生一股令人愉快的气味
over an open fire在明火上 in nineteenth century 在十九世纪
句型：
When was…invented?
Who was …invented by?
What is it used for?
e.g. --When was the car invented?
-- It was invented in 1885.
-- Who was it invented by?
-- It was invented by Bell.
-- What is the telephone used for?
-- It is used for talking with people far away.
写作：
Talk about the inventions.
Inventions
When
Who
be used for
1876
Bell
talking with people far away
1927
Charles
Jenkins
watching programs
120 years ago
Fort
traveling
1860s
Ernest
Michaux
traveling
Fill in the blanks and then choose one to make a report.
The__________ was invented in ________. It was invented by _________. It is used for ________________.
语法：被动语态
一. 被动语态的时态及结构（以动词do为例）
1. 结构：主语 + be + 过去分词
（过去分词不变，所有人称，数，时态的变化，都体现在助动词be的变化上。）
2. 时态： （前三种形式为四会掌握内容）
（1） 一般现在时： am （is, are） done
（2） 一般现在时带情态动词的被动语态：must （can, may） be done
（3） 一般过去时： was （were） done
* （4） 一般将来时： will （shall） be done
* （5） 现在进行时： am （is, are） being done
*（6） 现在完成时： have （has） been done
e.g. （1） History is made by the people. 历史是人民创造的。
（2） These new cars were made in Tianjin in 1994.这些新车是1994年在天津生产的。
（3） Li Ming will be asked to attend the lecture. /
Li Ming is going to be asked to attend the lecture. 李明将被邀请参加讲座。
（4） A new railway is being built. 一条新铁路正在修建。
3. 被动语态的否定及疑问e.g. The classroom isn’t cleaned every day. （被动语态的否定句）
Is the classroom cleaned every day? Yes, it is.（被动语态的一般疑问句）
二. 一些被动语态的固定句式
●It’s reported that… 据报道…
●It’s believed that…大家相信…
●It’s thought that…大家认为…
●It’s said that…据说…
●It is known that…众所周知…
It has been decided that…大家决定…
e.g. It’s said there will be an exam soon. 据说，很快就要考试了。
三. 从初中阶段所学五种基本句型谈变被动语态时应注意的问题。
1. 主语 + 连系动词 + 表语 （S+V+P） 此结构不可用被动语态。
（正） The flowers smell sweet. （误） The flowers are smelt sweet.
2. 主语 + 不及物动词 （S+V） 此结构不可变被动语态。
（正） An accident happened last night. （误） An accident was happened last night.
3. 主语 + 及物动词 + 宾语 （S + V+ O）
（1）将主动语态的宾语变为被动语态的主语
Children often sing this song. This song is often sung by children.
（2）将含有介词或副词的动词短语变为被动结构时，不可将介词或副词去掉。
We should listen to the teachers carefully. The teachers should be listened to carefully.
4. 主语 + 及物动词 + 间接宾语 + 直接宾语 （S + V+ IO+ DO）
（1）将表人的间接宾语变为主语，直接宾语不变。
He showed us a picture. We were shown a picture.
（2）将指物的直接宾语变为主语，要在间接宾语前加介词to或for。
A picture was shown to us. A dictionary was bought for me by my parents.
5. 主语+及物动词 + 宾语 + 宾语补足语 （S+ V+ O + C）
如动词为 make, see, hear, watch 等，后接宾语补足语为不带“to”不定式时，变被动语态时要加上“to” 。
I saw him fall off the tree. He was seen to fall off the tree.
四. 需要使用被动语态的四种情况：
1. 我们不知道或没有必要说明动作的执行者是谁的时候（这时不带by引起的短语）。
2. 当我们强调或兴趣在动作的承受者时（这时可带by引起的短语）。 3. 当我们出于礼貌、措辞圆通等方面的考虑不愿说出动作的执行者是谁时。 4. 当出于行文的需要，被动结构更容易安排句子时。
Unit 10 By the time I got outside, the bus had already left.
短语：
start doing sth.开始做某事 go off离开，（闹钟）响
wake up 醒来 wait for 等待 on time 准时 in time 及时
come by 经过 give sb. a ride 载某人一程 be late for迟到
break down 出故障 stay up 熬夜 show up露面，出席
happen to 发生在…身上 set off 出发，动身 no more 不再
flee from 逃跑 get married 结婚
take a shower/ get up/ get outside/ get to school/ get in the shower/ leave…at home/ get home/ get back to school/ walk into/ start（begin） doing=start（begin） to do/ be late for/ go off/ wake up/ have to do/ wait for/ come out/ take a quick shower/ have breakfast/ run off to the bus stop/ give sb. a ride/ break down/ invite sb. to do sth./ stay up late/ show up/ be exhausted/ land on/ move across/ set off/
句型：
1. By the time I got outside, the bus had already left.
2. When I got to school, I realized I had left my backpack at home.
3. By the time she got to school, the teacher had already started teaching.
4. By the time I got there, the meeting had already been on for twenty minutes.
5. What happened to Dave on April Fool’s Day?
6. I was exhausted on Saturday .
7. Have you ever been late for school?
语言点：
1. leave 的含义
① 忽略或忘拿； I realized I had left my backpack at home.
② 使或让…出于某种状态； Leave the door open.
③离开； It’s time for us to leave.
④ 使（某事物）留下而造成某结果；
e.g. The accident left a scar on her leg.
2. happen 发生
注： happy不能用于被动语态
e.g. What happen next?
3. as…as句型 用于副词和形容词之前
e.g. This dress is twice as expensive as that .
Now she’s as tall as her father.
4. make 的用法
① make sb. do
e.g. The sad story make her cry.
② make sb./sth. done
e.g. This teacher tried to make herself heard over the noise of traffic.
③ make sth. adj
e.g. The words make it difficult to understand.
5. forget to do：忘记去做某事（没有做）
I forgot to turn off the lights yesterday.昨天我忘了关灯。（没有关）
forget doing sth. 忘记做过某事（做了,但是忘了）
I forgot sending the letter.我忘了给你寄过信。（寄了信，但是忘了这件事）
6. so…that…： so+adj./adv.+that+句子 （如此…以致于）
He is so friendly that everyone likes him.
He runs so fast that nobody can catch up with him.
7. hundreds of/ thousands of/ millions of： 前面无具体数字时,三个数词后一定加s
two hundred/ five thousand/ ten million： 前面有具体数字时,三个数词后不加s
8. stop to do sth. 停下来去做某事 e.g. （stop to listen to music停下来去听音乐）
stop doing sth. 停止做某事 e.g. （stop listening to music停止听音乐）
9. both…and…两者都…
Both my friend and I like English very much.我的朋友和我都…
Both of us would like to go somewhere relaxing.我们两个都…（后面跟人称代词的宾格）
I like both singing and dancing. both后面可跟动词，但要跟动名词
We are both good at English. be动词放在both的前面
10. all：三者都…
We all like watching TV. all放在动词的前面
All of us like watching TV. 我们都…
We are all good at English. be放在all的前面
语法：
过去完成时： had + p.p.
表示截止过去某一时间为止已经完成的动作，既过去的过去。注意表时间的标志词： by + 表过去时间的短语；by the time / when / before + 一般过去时定语从句。
写作： 以“令人尴尬的一天”为题，描述你的一天。 适当使用“by the time…”
I had an embarrassing day last Summer Vacation. In the morning, I got up late, by the time I went to the basketball playground, my friends had already left. In the afternoon, I went to the Beijing books store, by the time I got there, I found I had lost my money on the bus. In the evening, I wanted to watch a football game. By the time I opened the TV, the match had already ended. What an embarrassing day!
【模拟试题】
Unit 9 练习
I. 单项选择
1. The bridge __________ by the farmers themselves in 1982.
A. built B. was built C. build D. was build
2. All the books will _______ to the children who live in the small village.
A. be sent B. sent C. be send D. send
3. Keys _______ used for ______ the doors.
A. is, opening B. is, opened C. are, opening D. are opened
4. My mother told me that my homework must _______ on time.
A. finish B. be finish C. be finished D. finished
5. The police found the lost car _______.
A. with mistake B. by accident C. by mistake D. in accident
6. I don’t like this kind of potato chips because they are not _______.
A. crispy B. sweet C. soft D. sour
7. They decided _______ at the end of this month.
A. to leave B. going back C. travel D. not stat out
8. It’s used for _____ clearly in the dark.
A. seeing B. see C. looking D. look
9. When ______ the car ________?
A. did, invent B. was, invented C. does, invent D. in, invented
10. Jack ______ leave _____ his teacher comes back.
A. doesn’t, until B. /, until C. won’t, / D. won’t, until
II. 被动语态单项选择
（ ） 1. The present _______ my parents five years ago. A. gave to B. is given C. was given to D. gives （ ）2.An accident ____ on this road last week.
A. has been happened B. was happened
C. is happened D. happened
（ ）3.Cotton ____ in the southeast of China.
A. is grown B. are grown C. grows D. grow
（ ）4.So far, the moon ____ by man already.
A. is visited B. will be visited C. has been visited D. was visited
（ ）5.A talk on Chinese history _____ in the school hall next week.
A. is given B. has been given C. will be given D. gives
（ ）6.How many trees ____ during this year?
A. are planted B. will plant C. have been planted D. planted
（ ）7.A lot of things ____ by people to save the little girl now.
A. are doing B. are being done C. has been done D. will be done
（ ）8.--When _____ the flowers ______? --- Two hours ago.
A. did; water B. was; watered C. are; watered D. were ; watered
（ ）9.The Great Wall ____ all over the world.
A. knows B. knew C. is known D. was known
（ ）10.I ____ in summer.
A. born B. was born C. have been born D. am born
（ ）11.He says that Mr. Zhang _____ to the factory next week.
A. is sent B. would send C. was sent D. will be sent
（ ）12.Who _____ this book _____?
A. did; written B. was; written by C. has; written D. was; written
（ ）13.Older people ____ well.
A. looks after B. must be looked after
C. must look after D. looked after
（ ） 14. The car ________ by Fort.
A. is invented B. was invented C. invented D. invents
（ ） 15. The scoop is used for ______ ice cream.
A. scoop B. scooping C. scooped D. scoops
III. 完型填空
Who invented tea?
Did you know that tea, the most popular __1___ in the world, was invented by __2___? Although tea wasn’t brought to the __3___ world until 1610, this beverage was discovered over three thousand years before that. According __4___ an ancient __5___ legend , the emperor Shen Nung discovered tea when he was boiling drinking water over an open fire. Some leaves from a nearby bush fell into the water and remained there for some time. The emperor __6____ that the leaves in the water produced a pleasant ___7___. Later he decided to __8___ the hot mixture. It was quite ___9____. And in this way, one of the world’s favorite __10___ was invented.
1. A. water B. juice C. drink D. food
2. A. accident B. mistake C. chance D. the way
3. A. eastern B. western C. foreign D. modern
4. A. in B. for C. at D. to
5. A. English B. German C. Chinese D. Western
6. A. knew B. noticed C. smelt D. thought
7. A. taste B. smell C. drink D. food
8. A. taste B. smell C. drink D. try
9. A. bad B. sweet C. delicious D. strange
10. A. foods B. tea C. drinks D. water
IV. 综合语言应用：
（I） 将方框内的词语按要求分类, 并将字母填写在相应的横线上.
A. tea B. TV C. telephone D. car E. banana F. bike G. microwave H. lemon
1. Now there is a computer, ____, ____, ____ and so on in my home.
2. The light bulb, ____and ____ are helpful inventions in our lives.
3. People like eating （ drinking） the potato chips, sour____, hot ____and ____.
（II） 完成句子
（A）
name
time
country
be used for
bicycle
1880s
England
traveling
umbrella
4000 years ago
China
keeping away from raining
1. The bicycle was invented in _____ in ________. It is used for _____________.
2. _______ was ________ 4000 years ago in China. _______________________.
（B）
Inventions
What is it used for
computer
surfing the internet
car
driving to work or travel
telephone
talking with people far away
alarm clock
wake somebody up
1. The car is ______ for ____________________.
2. _______ ______ the telephone ______?
It was invented in 1876.
It is used for __________.
3. The _____ was invented ______ surfing the internet.
4. I want to get up early tomorrow, so I need a/an ________ to _________.
（III）阅读以下表格里的内容, 并根据内容写成短文.
Inventions
When
Who
Be used for
abacus
in the sixth century
Chinese people
counting
bicycle
1880s
people in England
traveling
potato chips
1853
George Grum
eating
Tea
over three thousand years ago
the Chinese Emperor Shen Nung
drinkingThe abacus was invented _____________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Unit 10练习：
I. 单项选择
1. By the end of last year they ________ thousands of orange trees on the mountains.
A. had planted B. have planted C. were planting D. would plant
2. She is very pleased to see ________ beautiful flowers.
A. such B. much C. so D. very
3. He _______ his bag in the library this morning. A. forgot B. lost C. had left D. left
4. The match ________ already ________ when we ________ there.
A. has, begun, get B. will, start, get C. had, started, got D. have, get, reach
5. Would you please help us _______?
A. with our cleaning B. with our clean C. for our cleaning D. for our clean
6. Last Tuesday was my birthday. All of my best friends ________.
A. showed up B. handed up C. came up D. stayed up
7. So many people believed the story, and panic _________ across the whole country.
A. set off B. put off C. gave off D. saw off
8. When she was thirty years old, she really wanted to get __________.
A. married B. marrying C. to marry D. marry
9. My little nephew is too young to get __________.
A. dressing B. to dress C. dressed D. dress
10. Today, a quarter of the world’s population uses English, and as _______ as one billion people are learning it.
A. much B. many C. more D. most
11. New types of English are common _________ English is spoken.
A. wherever B. whenever C. whatever D. where
12. It might be difficult ________ what new English speakers are saying.
A. to understand B. understanding C. understood D. understand
13. When the second class began, I _______ that I had left my book in the lab .
A. have known B. realize
C. have realized D. realized
14. By the time we reached home , my mother ___________ for supper .
A. had prepare B. had got ready
C. was prepared D. had be ready
15. I’ve never overslept, but yesterday my clock ___________ .
A. didn’t go off B. didn’t work
C. wasn’t work D. hadn’t go out
16. Judy, it’s too late. Could you ________ to the care center?
A. give me a ride B. help me a ride
C. take me a ride D. let me a ride
17. __________ last week we had had ten English tests.
A. In the end of B. At the end of
C. By the end of D. In the end
18. By the time I ________，I realized that I had left my umbrella in the shop .
A. got home B. reach home C. got to home D. went home
19. The little girl didn’t have enough money to buy the English CD, because she ___________ her money on too many cards.
A. spent B. cost C. had cost D. had spent
20. I wanted to say hello to him, but I forget his name. I was so __________.
A. embarrassing B. embarrassed
C. exhausted D. exhausting
II. 把表格中的单词和词组按要求归类，请填写字母。
A. water the flowers B. have some breakfast C. take a taxi D. take a quick shower H. rush E. do the chores F. not eat anything for breakfast G. get up at once I. dress myself1. When I wake up every morning, I usually____________. 2. If I get up late, I will____________. 3. At home I often help my parents___________.
III. 完成句子。 1. 我到外面时，公共汽车已经离开了。
__________________________________________________________________________.
2. 当我到达学校时，我意识到我把书包落在家里了。
_________________________________________________________________________.
3. 她到达学校时，老师已经开始讲课了。
_________________________________________________________________________.
4. 你曾经上学迟到过吗？
________________________________________________________________________.
IV. 把下列两栏的句子连为合理的复合句，将字母标号填在下列表格中。并按情景写出一篇短文。
1. By the time I got outside, a. it was already twenty to eight.
2. When I ran to the cinema, b. the film had been on for half an hour.
3. By the time Li Ling called me, c. I realized I had left the tickets at home.
4. When I wanted to ride my bike, d. the bus had already left.
5. When the time I got our tickets and went in, e. I knew I had overslept.
6. When I got up and dressed myself, f. it had broken down the night before.
1
2
3
4
5
6
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________
试题答案 Unit 9 练习答案：
I. BACCB, CAABD
II. CDACC,CBDCB, DBBBB
III. CABDC, BBACC
IV. （I） 1. BCG 2. DF 3. HAE
（II）（A）1. 1880s, England, traveling
2. The umbrella, invented, It is used for keeping away form raining
（B） 1. used, driving to work or travel
2. When was, invented, talking with people far away
3. computer, for
4. alarm clock, wake me up
（III） 略
Unit 10练习答案： I. DADCA, AAACB, AADBA, ACADB
II. 1. BDGI 2. CHF 3. AE
III. 1. By the time I got outside, the bus had already left.
2. When I got to school, I realized I had left my backpack at home.
3. By the time she arrived at school, the teacher had already started the class.
4. Have you ever been late for school?
IV. d c a e f b 略
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