Module 3 第一课时
Ⅰ.根据下列各句句意及所给单词的首字母或汉语提示，写出所缺单词的正确形式。
1．By the time my father returned，it was well past m________ and we had gone to bed.
2．An a________ cat was found in a box beside the road.
3．You'll never get the ball in from the d________.
4．They went on a long train j________ across India.
5．Few plants can survive in a d________.
6．They stopped at the top of the hill to enjoy the beautiful ______(风景)．
7．He ________(训练) hard for the race, sometimes running as far as 10 miles a day.
8．My friend Mike is a(n) ________(专家)on the population problem.
9．He is choosing a(n) ________(钻石) ring for his wife's birthday.
10．We have a good ________(产品)，but it needs to be marketed better.
答案：1.midnight 2.abandoned 3.distance 4.journey
5．desert 6.scenery 7.trained 8.expert 9.diamond 10.product
Ⅱ.选择方框内的短语，并用其适当形式完成下列句子，每个短语限用一次
1．The plane ________ from the airport and headed north towards Zhengzhou.
2．We agreed never to ________ the matter again.
3．VIN ________ Vehicle Identification Number.
4．I ________ the window and saw nothing but the clouds and the sky.
5．How much do you ________ Singapore? And why do you want to work here?
6．Not until I ________ the bus did I realize that I had left my bag with my laptop on the bus.
答案：1.took off 2.refer to 3.is short for 4.looked out of
5．know about 6.got off
Ⅲ.同义句转换，每空一词
1．The young man became interested in playing the piano when he was six years old.
The young man became interested in playing the piano ________ ________ ________ ________ six.
2．How interesting the story he told us was!
________ ________ interesting story he told us!
3．It took us nearly three hours to get to the top of the mountain.
We ________ nearly three hours ________ to the top of the mountain.
4．There is no water or air on the moon.
There is no water ________ ________ air on the moon.
5．Taking account of his health, he decided to stop smoking.
Taking account of his health，he decided ________ to smoke ________ ________.
答案：1.at the age of 2.What an 3.spent; getting 4.and no
5．not，any more
Ⅳ.语法填空
1．Take your time—it's just ________ short distance from here to ________ restaurant.
答案：a；the 第一个空之所以用不定冠词是因为a short distance指“一段距离”，第二个空用定冠词the表特指。句意为：别慌，从这儿到那家餐馆距离很短。
2．President Obama made a speech for half an hourwithout ________(refer) to his notes.
答案：referring refer to“查阅，参考”；句意为：奥巴马总统做了半个小时的演讲，没有参考他的记录。
3．The young man is going to take ________ his father's business one day.
答案：over get on/along“进展”；take over“接管”；句意为：这位年轻人在将来的某一天要接管他父亲的生意。
4．Readers can get ________ quite well without knowing the exact meaning of each word.
答案：on/along get on/along“进展”；句意为：读者们不知道每个单词的确切含义就能读得很好。
5．While watching Titanic，most people couldn't help crying when it came to the ________ where Jack saved the life of the girl but died in icy water himself.
答案：scene 句意为：大部分人观看《泰坦尼克号》时，当到了杰克拯救了女孩的生命，自己却死于冰冷的水中这个场景时禁不住哭了。 scene“场景，风景的一部分”，符合题意。
6．The stolen bag was finally found ________ (abandon) in the forest nearby with nothing left in it.
答案：abandoned 句意为：被偷的包最后被发现遗弃在森林附近，包内什么都没有留下。abandoned表被动，作主语补足语。
7．It's up to you to decide whether to ________ physics or chemistry.
答案：take up 考查动词短语。句意：你自己决定是学习物理还是化学。take up“从事；占据”。
8．________ terrible weather it was when tsunamis and earthquakes happened in Indonesia!
答案：What 考查感叹句的用法。句意：印度尼西亚发生海啸和地震时，天气是多么糟糕啊 ！weather为不可数名词，前面无冠词。what修饰名词。
9．He didn't realize he had forgotten his bag________ the plane took off.
答案：until 考查连词。句意：直到飞机起飞他才意识到忘记带包了。
这是一个not...until...句型。
10．—How are you managing to do your work without an assistant?
—Well, I________somehow.
答案：get along 考查动词短语。get along表示“对付过去”。
Ⅴ.完形填空
Most rail systems still operate passenger and freight (货运) business. Where both parts are maintained the railwaysgive priority (优先权) to passengers，__1__rail is always treated as the most important mode for inter－city transport inIndia, China and much of the__2__world. In Europe the national rail systems and various levels of__3__haveprioritized passenger service as a(n)__4__of checking the growth of the automobile, with its traffic jam and environmentproblems.
Significant__5__have occurred in improving the comfort of__6__and in passenger rail stations, but mostnoticeable have been the upgrading (升级) of track and equipment in order to__7__high changeable speeds. Freight transport has tended to__8__because of the emphasis on passengers. Because of their __9__ changeable speeds, freighttrains are frequently__10__from time to time, when passenger trains are most__11__. Overnight journeys may not__12__the needs of freight customers. This incompatibility (不相容) is a factor in the loss of freight business by most rail systems still trying to__13__both freight and passenger operations. It is in North America__14__the divorce between freight and passenger rail business is most complete.
The__15__railway companies could not__16__against the automobile and airline__17__for passenger traffic, and constantly withdrew from the passenger business in the 1970s. They were left to only operate a freight system, which has generally been__18__. The passenger business has been__19__by public agencies, AMTRAK in the US, and VIARail in Canada.__20__are struggling to survive. A major problem is that they have to lease trackage (出租铁路使用权)from the freight railways, and thus slower freight trains have priority.
文章大意：本文从不同方面介绍了铁路交通。
1. A. since B. while
C. before D. which
答案：A 考查句与句之间的关系，根据文意：“之所以铁路上客运优先，是因为……”。选项中，since“因为”；while“在……期间”；before“在……之前”；which“哪一个”。
2. A. developed B. developing
C. Asian D. poor
答案：B 根据文中的India和China及常识判断是“在很多发展中国家”。虽然印度和中国属于亚洲，但是根据文意，C项显然不够全面。
3. A．city B. province
C. government D. town
答案：C 根据文中的in Europe和四个选项可以推断government最佳，因为这样更概括一些，这里没有必要具体化。
4. A．method B. aspect
C. means D. item
答案：C 句意是：把客运服务作为一种方式。method“(理论性较强的)方法”；aspect“方面”；means“方式，手段”；item“项目”。
5. A．dollars B. stories
C. ideas D. investments
答案：D 由下文的“improving the comfort of”可以推断大量投资会出现。dollar(美元)过于具体；story“故事”；idea“主意”；investment“投资”。
6. A．cars B. ships
C. trains D. bus
答案：C 同义词复现。本文讲的就是铁路火车运输。
7. A．complete B. achieve
C. enjoy D. run
答案：B 句意是：为了实现高的可变的速度。complete“完成”；achieve“实现”；enjoy“享受，喜欢”；run“跑”。
8. A．lose out B. run out
C. come out D. work out
答案：A 因为强调客运，所以货运已经趋于被取代。lose out“被取代”；run out“被用光”；come out“出来，出版，冲洗”；work out“解决；制定”。
9. A．lower B. less
C. fewer D. faster
答案：A 由文意可以推出：和客运列车相比，货运列车的可变速度更低。lower“更低”；less“更少”，修饰不可数名词；fewer“更少”，修饰可数名词；faster“更快”。
10. A．included B. excluded
C. used D. missed
答案：B 因为货运列车的可变速度更低，所以它经常被排除在外。include“包括在内”；exclude“排除在外”；use“使用”；miss“怀念，错过”。
11. A．in vain B. in charge
C. in demand D. in sight
答案：C 句意是：当急需客运列车时，就经常不用它运货了。in vain“徒劳”；in charge“掌管”；in demand“需要”；in sight“在视野范围内”。
12. A．get B. finish
C. reach D. meet
答案：D meet the needs“满足需求”；为固定搭配。
13. A．employ B. have
C. occupy D. operate
答案：D 原词复现。从文章第一段第一句可得。
14. A．that B. which
C. where D. there
答案：C where引导的是表示地点的定语从句。
15. A．public B. private
C. national D. individual
答案：B 根据本段第三句的“by public agencies”可知，因为客运被国家铁运控制了，所以私营铁路行业无法与之竞争。public“公立的”；private“私人的”；national“全国的”；individual“个人的”。
16. A．compete B. match
C. fight D. quarrel
答案：A 由下文可知，私营铁路公司无法和客运的汽车和航空竞争。compete“竞争”；match“匹配”；fight“斗争”；quarrel“争吵”。
17. A．industry B. factory
C. business D. ticket
答案：A airline industry“航运业”；是常用搭配。
18. A．important B. successful
C. useful D. beneficial
答案：B 根据本段文意：私营铁路运输从事货运，这总体上是成功的。因为上文提及了它们无法在客运上与国立机构相抗衡。important“重要的”；successful“成功的”；useful“有用的”；beneficial“有益的”。
19. A．handed over B. put over
C. taken over D. got over
答案：C 国立机构控制了客运业。handover“流传”；putover“移交”；takeover“支配”；getover“克服”。
20. A．Two B. All
C. Some D. Both
答案：D 根据上文，两者(私立和国立铁路运输业)都在努力存活下来。A项得用the two。
Ⅵ.语法填空
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(不多于1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
Mr Robinson had to travel somewhere on business. As he was __1__ a hurry, he decided to go by air. He liked sitting beside a window when he was flying, __2__ when he got onto the plane, he looked for a window seat. He found all of them already taken except one. There was a soldier __3__(sit) in the seat beside it. Wondering __4__ this one had not been taken, Mr Robinson at once went towards it.
When he reached it, however, Mr Robinson saw that there was a notice stuck on the seat. It said, “This seat __5__(keep) for proper load balance. Thank you.” Because he had never seen such a kind of __6__(usual) notice in a plane before, Mr Robinson was a little surprised. But he thought that the plane must be carrying something __7__(particular) heavy in it, so he walked on and found another empty seat, not beside a window, to sit in.
Two or three people tried to sit in the window seat beside __8__ soldier, but they too read the notice and went on. When the plane was nearly full, a very pretty girl hurried into the plane. The soldier, __9__ was watching the passengers coming in, quickly took the notice off the seat beside __10__and in this way succeeded in having the company of a beauty during the whole trip.
1．______ 2.______ 3.______ 4.______ 5.______
6．______ 7.______ 8.______ 9.______ 10.______
答案：
1．in in a hurry“匆忙地”，为固定短语。
2．so 所填词连接前后两个句子为因果关系，故用so表示结果。
3．sitting soldier与动词sit是主动关系，故用现在分词作定语。
4．why 此处表示Mr Robinson纳闷为什么那个座位没人坐，故用why。
5．is kept seat和keep为逻辑上的被动关系，且keep在句中作谓语，故用一般现在时的被动语态。
6．unusual 由下文可知，Mr Robinson有点吃惊，说明在上面贴便签是不同寻常的，故此处用 unusual。
7．particularly 所填词修饰形容词heavy，故用particular的副词形式。
8．the 特指上文提到的那位士兵用定冠词。
9．who 所填词引导非限制性定语从句，在从句中作主语指人，故用who。
10．his beside的宾语指的是那位士兵的座位，故用名词性物主代词his。
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