Unit 3 Computers
Ⅰ听说训练
Part A．模仿朗读
请听课文录音，并跟读课文，注意语音、语调和停顿
Part B．角色扮演
角色：Mrs. Green and Mr. Pat
情景：Mrs. Green向Mr. Pat 询问有关计算机的信息。
任务：请你扮演Mrs. Green，根据中文提示提出问题。请你的同桌扮演Mr. Pat，根据课文内容回答你的提问。
1．最初的计算机出现在什么时候、什么地方？________________________________________________________________________
2．谁把计算机改建成分析机？
________________________________________________________________________
3. 谁是真正的计算机之父，是Charles Babbage还是Alan Turing?
________________________________________________________________________
4．网络最初出现在什么时候？
________________________________________________________________________
5．可以把计算机安装在火箭上吗？
________________________________________________________________________
Ⅱ考点聚焦
一、写出下列单词的变化形式
1．计算v.________；计算器n.________；计算n.________
2．使简化v.________；简化n.________；简化的adj.__________
3．智力；聪明；智能n.________；智能的，聪明的adj.________
4．私人的，个人的adj.________；亲自地；就本人而论adv.________
5．运用，申请v.________；运用，申请n.________；申请人n.________
6．金融，财经n.________；金融的，财经的adj.________
7．逻辑，思维方式n.________；合逻辑的adj.________；合逻辑地adv.________；不合逻辑的adj.________
8．出现v.________；出现，外貌n.________；消失v.________
9.探索，探究v.________；探索，探究n.________；探索的，探究的adj.________
◆ 活学活用
用所给单词的正确形式填空
1．According to a recent research，dolphins are much more ________ (intelligence) than other animals.
2．The ________(apply) forms should be ________(simplify) to make things simple.
3．I can't see the ________ behind your argument. Please make it more ________ because anything ________ will cause confusion. (logic)
4．________ (person) speaking，it's worth all the efforts.
5．The earth is nothing but a very small planet in the endless_______ (universal)．
6．Use a ________ to ________ the cost of the vacation so that we can make a budget by_______ (calculate)．
7．The ________ (technology) progress is changing our life.
二、翻译下列必背短语
1．在某种程度上______________
2．依……看；据……认为______________
3．从……时候起______________
4．结果______________
5．处理；安排；对付______________
6．弥补；补足；整理，编造______________
7．毕竟______________
8．看守；监视______________
◆ 活学活用
根据括号中的解释，从课文中找出恰当的短语完成下列句子
1．The cunning fox ________ (to invent a story in order to cheat or entertain sb.) a very moving story about his misfortune.
2．You need to think about how to ________ (to handle；to solve) the problems you accidentally caused.
3．He was determined to study hard ________ (since then)．
4．I don't really want to go out.________ (anyway)，it is getting darker and colder.
5．________ (to some extent)，the teachers learn more in the teaching than the students.
6．________(as time goes by)，scientists have known more about cancer.
三、完成句子
1．她英语讲得很好，现在能与外宾交流了。(so...that...)
_____________________________________ ____________________________________
2．汤姆犯了个严重的错误，结果丢了工作。(as a result)
__________________________________________________________________________
3．无论如何，我今天必须完成工作。(anyhow)
__________________________________________________________________________
4．她说她不喜欢它，但我个人认为它 很好。(personally)
__________________________________________________________________________
5．他们去游泳，让我看着衣服。(watch over)
重点句型
I developed very slowly and it took nearly two hundred years before I was built as an analytical machine by Charles Babbage. (P18)我发展缓慢，差不多两百年后，查尔·巴比奇才把我制成了一台分析机。
⇨句型：It takes/took some time before...过了多长时间才……
模仿造句
(1)过了很长时间救援队才赶到灾区。________________________________________________________________________
(2)过了三年，他才找到女儿。
________________________________________________________________________
Ⅲ轻松走近高考
阅读理解
C
A great loss-Shirley Temple dies at 85
February 12,2014
BY DERRIK J. lANG, Associated Press
Shirley Temple Black,who died on February 10th at age 85,wasn’t just a child star. She was THE child star—the sweet little girl whose shining smile helped illumine some of the darkest days the US has known during the Great Depression.
It’s hard today to imagine the super star Shirley was once “America’s Little Darling”. She sang and danced her way to the top of the box office in such films as Bright Eyes, Curly Top and Heidi. By 1940, she had appeared in 43 films. Temple teamed with Bill Robison in four movies, and their dance on the stairs in The Little Colon is still a legendary film moment.
In the 1930s, her name on a movie introduction assured (保证) a packed house. She inspired dolls, dresses, dishes—even a drink (alcohol-free, of course).
US President Franklin D. Roosevelt once famously said that “as long as our country has Shirley Temple, we will be all right.”
Unlike so many of today’s child stars, Temple didn’t end up with her name appearing across the headlines for bad behaviors. Instead of getting her photos on front pages or struggling with drugs and alcohol, Temple went on to a second career in diplomacy (钋交) , including presidential appointments as ambassador to Ghana.
She surprised a lot of people who doubted her with her grace, knowledge and eagerness to serve. In fact, her career in public service (20 years) was longer than her career in movies (19). The role she valued most, however, was as wife, mother, grandmother and great-grandmother.
The world has lost a treasured Hollywood legend. But her movies will allow that little dynamic figure to continue charming audiences for a very long time.
28.The word “illumine” in Paragraph l means ________.
A. shorten B. sweeten C. strengthen D. brighten
29. Temple, as a child movie star, can best be described as ________.
A. sweet and lively B. gentle and kind
C. smart and knowledgeable D. shy and attractive
30. What part did she regard as the most important in her life?
A. A top movie star. B. A businesswoman.
C. Her family role. D. Her diplomacy career.
31. Where does this passage possibly come from?
A. A biography. B. A newspaper. C. A magazine. D. A poster.
D
Most of us spend our lives seeking the natural world. We go fishing, sit in the garden, have a picnic, live in the suburbs or go to the seaside. The most popular leisure activity in Britain is going for a walk. When joggers jog, they don’t run the streets. Every one of them tend to go to the park or the river.
But despite this, our children are growing up nature deprived (剽夺). I spent my boyhood climbing trees. These days, children are robbed of these ancient freedoms, due to problems like crime, traffic, the loss of the open spaces and strange new ideas about what is best for children, that is to say, things that can be bought, rather than things that can be found.
The truth is to be found elsewhere. A study in the US: families had moved to better housing and the children were assessed for ADHD—attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (多动症). Those whose accommodation had more natural views showed an improvement of 19%; those who had the same
improvement in material surroundings but no nice view improved just 4% .
ADHD is one of the great problems of modern childhood. One study after another indicates that contact with nature gives huge benefits to ADHD children. However, we spend money on drugs rather than on green places.
The life of old people is measurably better when they have access to nature. The increasing concern for the growing population of old people is in quality rather than quantity of years. And study after study finds that a garden is the single most important thing in finding that quality. Even problems with crime and aggressive behavior are reduced when there is contact with the natural world.
We need the wild world. It is essential to our well-being, our health and our happiness.
32. According to the author, people enjoy ________ to seek nature.
A. jogging on the street B.sitting in the garden
C. shopping in the supermarket D.running in the gym
33. From the second paragraph, we can see that ________.
A. adults deprive the children of their rights to approach nature
B.climbing trees will certainly do good to the children
C. children probably spend less time in nature nowadays
D.children tend to be happier as a result of their material satisfaction
34.In what way do people benefit from their contact with nature?
A. Children with ADHD can be cured.
B.A garden nearby improves the quality of old people’s life.
C. Problems with crime and violent behavior will easily be solved.
D. Children’s performance at school is greatly improved.
35. What is the main idea of this passage?
A. Access to nature improves our life. B.Nature treats children with ADHD.
C.Getting close to nature reduces crime. D.Man can’t live without natural areas.
第二节书面表达（满分25分）
假定你是李华，正在新西兰学习，你计划寒假期间在当地旅行，请写一封e-mail向旅行社询问相关的旅行信息。
内容应包括：
1．旅行信息（如景点等）；
2．当地特色（如食品等）；
3．注意事项。
注意：1．词数100左右；
2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；
3．开头语已为你写好，不计人总词数。
Dear Sir or Madam,
I’m Li Hua, a Chinese student, studying in New Zealand. I’m writing to _______________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
Sincerely yours,
Li Hua
答案
Ⅰ听说训练
答案：1．Q：When and where did the first calculating machine appear?
A：The first calculating machine appeared in France in 1642.
2．Q：Who built the calculating machine as an analytical machine?
A：Charles Babbage.
3.Q：Who was the real father of computer，Charles Babbage or Alan Turing?
A：Alan Turing was the real father of the computer.
4.Q：When did the net first appear?
A：It first appeared in the early 1960s.
5.Q：Can a computer be put into a rocket?
A：Yes，of course.
Ⅱ考点聚焦
答案：1．calculate；calculator；calculation
2．simplify；simplification；simplified
3．intelligence；intelligent
4．personal；personally
5．apply；application；applicant
6．finance；financial
7．logic；logical；logically；illogical
8．appear；appearance；disappear
9．explore；exploration ；exploratory
答案：1．intelligent
2．application；simplified
3．logic；logical；illogical 4．Personally 5．universe
6．calculator；calculate；calculations
7．technical
答案：1．in a way 2.in one's opinion
3．from...on 4.as a result 5.deal with
6．make up 7.after all 8.watch over
9．with the help of 10.over time
答案：made up 2.deal with 3.from then on
4．After all 5.In a way 6.Over time
答案 1.She sp eaks English so well that she can talk with foreigners in it now.
2．Tom made a serious mistake，and as a result，he lost his job.
3．Anyhow，I must finish the job today.
4．She said she didn't like it，but personally I thought it very good.
5．They went swimming and asked me to watch over clothes.
答案：(1)It took a long time before the rescue team arrived at the disaster area.
(2)It took three years before he found his daughter.
Ⅲ轻松走近高考
(C)秀兰·邓波儿于2014年12月10号辞世，这对我们是一个巨大的损失。作为童星，她以甜美活泼的形象被世界公认；在美国经济大萧条时期，她的微笑让人们看到了前方的光明。
28. D 词义猜测题。由该句中的darkest表达的语境可以判断，划线词与该词词义对应，该句意为：她美丽的微笑让在美国大萧条中面对最黑暗时刻的人们前方看到了光明，故选D。
29. A 推理判断题。通读全文可知，文章主要描写了童星的邓波儿，据此可以判断，“甜美活泼”最适合描述童星，sweet and lively意为“甜美活泼”，故选A。
30. C 细节理解题。由倒数第二段最后一句The role she valued most, however, was as wife, mother, grandmother and great-grandmother.可知，她最珍视的是她作为妻子，母亲和祖母的角色，故选C。
31. B 推理判断题。由文章正文开头的时间和BY DERRIK J. LANG, Associated Press可以判断，本文是美联社的一篇文章，告诉读者秀兰·邓波儿辞世的消息，据此可以推断，本文发表在报纸上，故选B。
(D)当代人的生活使得孩子们接触自然的机会越来越少，这同时给他们带来了很多的成长问题。不管是老人还是孩子，走进大自然才能健康快乐。
32. B 细节理解题。由第一段第一、二句Most of us spend our lives seeking the natural world. We go fishing, sit in the garden, have a picnic, live in the suburbs or go to the seaside.可知，坐在花园里是享受自然的一种方式，其他三项此处都没有提到，故选B。
33. C 推理判断题。由第二段可知，该段的主题句是第一句But despite this, our children are growing up nature deprived(剥夺).可知，孩子们身处大自然的机会越来越少了，据此可以判断，孩子们接触自然的时间自然越来越短，故选C。
34. B 细节理解题。由第五段倒数第二句And study after study finds that a garden is the single most important thing in finding that quality.可知，住处附近有花园可以提高老年人的生活质量，故选B。
35. A 主旨大意题。通读全文可知，本文主要讲了人们在生活中远离自然的危害，包括对孩子和老人等的具体损害，并提出亲近自然对我们的身心来说都是有益处的，故选A。
第二节 书面表达（满分25分）
参考范文
Dear Sir or Madam,
I am Li Hua, a Chinese student, studying in New Zealand. I’m writing to ask for information about your agency’s New Zealand’s travel for the winter vacation.
My friend and I plan to travel in the country. Could you tell me the departure time and traveling routes? As we know, New Zealand is famous for its beautiful scenery and places of interest and I want to know more details about these. Besides, I am also interested in the local food there. How much do I have to pay for the travel? At length, are there other things I should be aware of?
I would be grateful to receive a reply at your earliest convenience.
Sincerely Yours,
Li Hua
亮点强化
write to sb. 给某人写信 ask for sth. 请求，要求
winter vacation 寒假 plan to do sth. 计划去做某事
be famous for 因/由于......而闻名 places of interest 名胜古迹
be interested in=be keen on 对.....感兴趣 pay for 为......付钱
be aware of 意识到...... at one’s convenience 在某人方便的时候
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