兰州一中2015-2016-1 高三年级12月月考
英 语
本试卷分为第I卷（选择题卷）和第II卷（非选择题卷）。满分120分，考试时间100分钟。
第I卷
第一部分 阅读理解 （共两节，满分40分）
第一节（共15小题，每题2分，满分30分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A,B,C,D四个选项中选出最佳答案。
A
Most of us are expecting high-quality customer service in our daily life, but actually enjoying a happy purchase is easier said than done.
Shoppers seldom complain to the manager or owner of a retail store, but instead they will alert their friends, relatives, co-workers, strangers—and anyone who will listen.
Store managers are often the last to hear complaints, and often find out only when their regular customers decide to frequent their competitors, according to a study jointly conducted by Verde Group and Wharton School.
“Storytelling hurts retailers and entertains consumers,” said Paula Courtney, President of the Verde Group. “The store loses the customer, but the shopper must also find a replacement.”
On average, every unhappy customer will complain to at least four others, and will no longer visit the specific store. For every dissatisfied customer, a store will lose up to three more due to negative review. The resulting “snowball effect” can be disastrous to retailers.
According to the research, shoppers who purchased clothing encountered the most problems. Ranked second and third were grocery and electronic customers.
The most common complaints include filled parking lots, cluttered (塞满了的) shelves, overloaded racks, out-of-stock items, long check-out lines, and rude salespeople.
During peak shopping hours, some retailers solved parking problems by getting moonlighting (业余兼职的) local police to work as parking attendants. Some hired flag wavers to direct customers to empty parking spaces. This guidance eliminated the need for customers to circle the parking lot endlessly, and avoided confrontation between those eyeing the same parking space.
Retailers can relieve the headaches by redesigning store layouts, pre-stocking sales items, hiring speedy and experienced cashiers, and having sales representatives on hand to answer questions.
Most importantly, salespeople should be diplomatic and polite with angry customers.
“Retailers who’re responsive and friendly are more likely to smooth over issues than those who aren’t so friendly,” said Professor Stephen Hoch. “Maybe something as simple as a greeter at the store entrance would help.”
Customers can also improve future shopping experiences by filing complaints to
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the retailer, instead of complaining to the rest of the world. Retailers are hard-pressed to improve when they have no idea what is wrong.
1. Why are store managers often the last to hear complaints?
A. Most customers won’t bother to complain even if they have had unhappy experiences.
B. Customers have no easy access to store managers.
C. Few customers believe the service will be improved.
D. Customers would rather relate their unhappy experiences to people around them.
2. What does Paula imply by saying “the shopper must also find a replacement” ( Para. 4)
A. New customers are bound to replace old ones.
B. Most stores provide the same kind of service.
C. Not complaining to manager causes the shopper some trouble too.
D. It is not likely the shopper can find the same products in other stores.
3. Shop owners often hire moonlighting police as parking attendants so that shoppers________.
A. can stay longer browsing in the store B. won’t have trouble parking their cars
C. won’t have any worrier about security D. can find their cars easily after shopping
4. What contributes most to smoothing over issues with customers?
A. Design of store layout. B. Hiring of efficient employees
C. Huge supply of goods for sale. D. Manners of the salespeople.
5. To achieve better shopping experiences, customers are advised to ________.
A. exert pressure on stores to improve their service
B. voice their dissatisfaction to store managers directly
C. settle their disputes with stores in a diplomatic
D. shop around and make comparisons between stores
B
The world's first hamburger doesn't come from where you think it comes from. It wasn't invented in the United States, and it didn't originate in Germany. No, the world's first hamburger comes from China.
If you're scratching your head right now, you're not alone. But Chinese hamburgers are very real and they definitely predate the hamburgers we call our own in the U.S. Known as rou jia mo, which translates to "meat burger" or "meat sandwich", they consist of chopped meat inside a pita-like bun, and they've been around since the Qin Dynasty, from about 221 BC to 207 BC. Despite the differences between this Chinese street food and our American-style burgers, the rou jia mo has been called the world's first hamburger.
The rou jia mo originated in the Shanxi Province of China, and is now eaten all over the country. It's typically prepared and eaten on the street. The dough for the bun, or mo, consists of a simple mixture of wheat flour, water and maybe yeast. Of course recipes may vary, but this basic equation makes for a chewy and subtle
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pillow for the delicious filling. While the mo is traditionally baked in a clay oven, today it's often fried in a pan. They may look a little like Chinese steamed buns or baozi, but the dough for those are, of course, steamed, not baked or fried.
The meat filling might consist of chopped pork, beef, lamb or chicken that has been stewed with a variety of spices, like ginger, cloves, coriander and star anise. You might also find herbs like cilantro or greens like lettuce garnishing the sandwich.
6. What does the underlined word mean?
A. noodle B. food C. bread D. beverage
7. Which of the following is TRUE?
A. The mo people eat today is baked in a clay oven.
B. The world's first hamburger which was originated in the Shanxi Province of China is popular around the world.
C. The rou jia mo has a history of more than 2200 years.
D. The rou jia mo and American-style burgers share a similar cooking process.
8. What would be the best title for the passage?
A. Delicious hamburger B. How to cook hamburger
C. Chinese invented hamburger D. History of hamburger
C
Singles' Day ---- the Chinese opposite of Valentine’s Day has turned into a massive online shopping event. It is a day when single people are supposed to buy themselves presents. But there are sociological reasons behind China's “celebration” of single life. And the imbalance could have big consequences for the country.
There were 34 million more men than women in China in 2011. Part of that is natural – usually there are 105 boys born for every 100 girls. But the Chinese gender ratio (性别比例) at birth is much more obvious. It was 116 boys to 100 girls in 2012. The one child policy is largely to blame. Brought in to limit population expansion, the policy allows only one child per family. But because male children are seen as more valuable, as well as more likely to support their parents in old age, some parents choose to have a son over a daughter. The result is that large numbers of men will likely never get married. In fact, one study has predicted that by 2030, 1 in 5 Chinese men in their 30s will never have married, while another states that 94% of unmarried people in China are men.
Traditionally, China has seen high levels of marriage, usually among the young. Besides, the increased education and career opportunities for women have meant that marriages are happening later. It is also traditional that women often marry men of a higher socioeconomic status than themselves. So women at the top and men at the bottom find themselves alone. One study has even suggested a link between an imbalanced gender ratio and growth in violent crime in the country.
Singles’ Day can’t solve all the problems China’s singles face. Indeed, it is possible that it is causing even more problems, as men resort to increasingly risky lines of work to increase their chances of gaining money and thus a wife. I am worried that as money starts to overcome romance, there is evidence that China
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' s marriage market is increasingly materialistic.
9. In 2012, if 50 girls were born, how many boys were probably born?
A. 50. B. 52. C. 58. D. 60.
10. What made women in China get married late?
A. Their support of the government’s late marriage policy.
B. Their higher education level and more work chances.
C. That they expect to enjoy their single time when young.
D. That there are too many excellent young men to choose from.
11. What’s the writer’s attitude to the imbalance gender ratio in China?
A. Optimistic B. Concerned C. Indifferent D. Unknown
12. We can learn from the passage that .
A. Singles' Day is celebrated all over the world.
B. by 2030, 1 in 5 Chinese women in their 30s will be out of marriage.
C. an imbalanced gender ratio is related to the growth in violent crime.
D. Singles' Day will solve all the problems China’s singles face.
D
While some scientists overlook the existence of a sixth sense for danger, a new research from Washington University in St. Louis has discovered a brain area that clearly acts as an early warning system and helps us adjust our behavior to avoid dangerous situations.
"Our brains are better at picking up not obvious warning signs than we previously thought," said Joshua Brown, a PhD in psychology in the issue of the journal Science.
The findings offer exact scientific evidence for a new way to form a concept of the complex control processes taking place in and around the ACC, a brain area located near the top of the frontal lobes(耳垂) and along the walls that divide the left and right hemispheres(大脑半球).
"In the past, we found activity in the ACC when people had to make a difficult decision, or after they make a mistake," Brown said. "But now we find that this brain area can actually learn to recognize when you might make a mistake, even before a difficult decision has to be made. So the ACC appears to act as an early warning system—— it learns to warn us in advance when our behavior might lead to a negative outcome, so that we can be more careful and avoid making a mistake."
By providing a clearer picture by which we self monitor and control our behavior, the study is an important step in efforts to develop more effective treatments for mental illnesses. It also provides a new way of understanding inappropriate behaviors that often accompany mental illnesses.
"Our results suggest how injury of the ACC can lead to breakdowns in the early warning system, so that the brain fails to stop or control inappropriate behavior ahead of time," said Brown. "On the other hand, in those persons with mental disorder, the ACC might warn us of an upcoming problem even when no problem is in the existence."
Known to be an important part of the brain's control system, the ACC is believed to help adjust between cold, hard, fact-based reasoning and emotional responses, such as love, fear or expectation.
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13. According to the passage, the ACC____________.
A. refers to the sixth sense for danger B. deals with obvious warning situations
C. connects the left and right hemispheres D. sends warning messages in advance
14. The new research is beneficial because it ________ .
A. provides a new way of avoiding mistakes
B. adjusts emotional responses in time of danger
C. helps find better treatments for mental illnesses
D. assists people in predicting and avoiding danger
15. The new research helps us understand _________.
A. why we are likely to make mistakes when the ACC is badly injured
B. why people with illnesses usually have so many strange behaviors
C. how the ACC works when something dangerous happens
D. how our brain warns us of failure in advance
第二节 （共5小题，每题2分，满分10分）
根据短文内容，选出最佳选项，选项中有两项为多余选项。
American black bears appear in a variety of colors despite their name. In the eastern part of their range, most of these bears have shiny black fur, but in the west they grow brown, red, or even yellow coats. 16 Even in the same litter (一窝幼崽）, both brown and black furred bears may be born.
Black bears are the smallest of all American bears, ranging in length from five to six feet, weighing from three hundred to five hundred pounds. 17
18 However, if attacked, most can climb trees and cover ground at great speeds. When angry or frightened, they are formidable enemies.
Black bears feed on leaves, herbs, fruit, berries, insects, fish, and even larger animals. 19 Unlike squirrels, woodchucks, and many other woodland animals, bears do not actually hibernate. Although the bear does not eat during the winter months, sustaining itself from body fat, its temperature remains almost normal, and it breathes regularly four or five times per minute.
20 They prefer to live in caves. Baby black bears are born in January or February after a gestation(怀孕) period of six to nine months, and they stay with their mother until they are fully grown or about one and a half years old. Black bears can live as long as thirty years in the wild, and even longer in some nature reserves.
A. To the north, the black bear is actually gray or white in color.
B. Black bears mate all year round
C. One of the most interesting characteristics of bears, including the black bear, is their winter sleep.
D. Like all bears, the black bear is timid, clumsy, and rarely dangerous.
E. Bears often eat a lot of food before they hibernate in their caves.
F. Most black bears live alone, except during mating season.
G. Their eyes and ears are small and their eyesight and hearing are not as good as their sense of smell.
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第二部分 完形填空（共20小题，每小题1.5分，满分30分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A,B,C,D四个选项中选出最佳答案。
Once upon, there were two traveling angels who stopped to spend the night in the home of a wealthy family. The family was impolite and 21 to let the angels stay in the guest room. Instead, the angels were given a space in the 22 underground room. As they 23 their bed on the hard floor, the older angel saw a hole in the 24 and repaired it. When the younger angel asked why, the older angel 25 , "Things aren't always what they seem."
The next night the pair came to rest at the house of a very 26 , but very kind farmer and his wife. 27 sharing what little food they had, the couple let the angels sleep in their bed 28 they could have a good night's rest. When the sun came up the next morning, the angels found the farmer and his wife in 29 . Their only cow, whose milk had been their only income, lay 30 in the field.
The younger angel was very angry and asked the older angel, "How could this 31 ? Why did you not watch out for the cow? The first man had 32 , yet you watched over his house," she accused. "The second family had little but was 33 to share everything, and you did not help."
"Things aren't always what they seem," the older angel replied. "When we 34 in the underground room, I noticed there was gold 35 in that hole in the wall. Since the owner was so greedy and unwilling to 36 his good fortune, I asked God if I could 37 the wall so he couldn't find it. Then last night as we slept in the farmer's bed, the angel of death came for his wife. I asked God if the angel could take the cow 38 . You see, things aren't always what they seem. "
Sometimes this is exactly what happens when things don’t 39 the way they should. You need to 40 that every outcome is always to your advantage. You might not know it until sometime later.
21. A. decided B. preferred C. agreed D. refused
22. A. cool B. cold C. warm D. comfortable
23. A. made B. set C. fixed D. decorated
24. A. ground B. ceiling C. wall D. window
25. A. screamed B. spoke C. sang D. replied
26. A. rich B. poor C. lucky D. fortunate
27. A. Before B.
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Since C. After D. When
28. A. where B. what C. why D. which
29. A. sweat B. tears C. power D. danger
30. A. happy B. disappointed C. alive D. dead
31. A. appear B. happen C. run D. operate
32. A. something B. nothing C. none D. everything
33. A. willing B. reluctant C. disgusting D. surprising
34. A. parked B. camped C. stayed D. remained
35. A. stored B. stolen C. robbed D. picked
36. A. divide B. show C. share D. Separate
37. A. crash B. erase C. smash D. seal
38. A. instead B. beyond C. away D. aside
39. A. turn in B. turn out C. turn to D. turn off
40. A. hope B. wish C. trust D. suppose
第II卷
第三部分 英语知识运用（共三节，满分50分）
第一节 在短文空白处填写适当的词（每空不多余3个词）或所给词的正确形式。（共10小题，每小题1.5分，满分15分）
Six men have been trapped in a mine for seventeen hours. If they are not brought to the surface soon they may lose their 41 (life). However, rescue operations are 42 (prove) difficult. If explosives are used, vibrations will cause the roof of the mine 43 (collapse). Rescue workers are therefore drilling a hole
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on the north side of the mine. They intend to bring the men up in 44 special capsule. 45 there had not been a hard layer of rock beneath the soil, they would have completed the job in a few hours. As it is, they have been drilling for sixteen hours and they still have a long way to go. Meanwhile, a microphone, which 46 (low) into the mine two hours ago, has enabled the men to keep in touch with the closest relatives. Though they are running out of food 47 drink, the men are 48 (cheer) and confident that they will get out soon. They have been told that rescue operations are progressing 49 (smooth). If they knew how difficult it was to drill 50 the hard rock, they would lose heart.
第二节 短文改错
第三节 书面表达 （满分25分）
下面的饼状图反映了某校高中生课余活动调查结果，请根据图表信息一篇100字左右的作文。第一段已给出。
兰州一中2015-2016-1 高三年级12月月考英语答题卡
得分：
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
第三部分
第一节 语法填空 （共10题，每题1.5分，共15分）
41. 42. 43. 44. 45.
46. 47. 48. 40. 50.
第二节 短文改错（共10题，每题1分，共10分）
下文中共有10处错误，每句最多两处，错误涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
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增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（︿），并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：删除多余的词用斜线（\）划掉。
修改：在错的词下画横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1. 每处错误及其修改仅限一词；2. 只允许修改10处，从11处起不计分。
If you admitted to an university in China, regardless by whatever you choose as your major, there's one compulsory course that you can not avoid it: English. The fact is what you can probably miss attending English classes when other course are taught, but you'd better take English serious. Failing in the national College English Test, you may not be able to secure you Bachelor's degree, even if you have your own major doing well. Each student learn a foreign language, mostly English, from Day One of their compulsory education. Such policy has been in place since the nation's reform and opening up in the early 1980s.
第三节 书面表达
The pie chart reveals the survey result concerning the after-school activities the high school students prefer.
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英语答案
阅读理解：1-5 DCBAB 6-8 CCC 9-12 CBBC 13-15 DCA 16-20 AGDCF
完形填空：21-25 DBACD 26-30 BCABD 31-35 BDACA 36-40 CDABC
语法填空：41. lives 42.proving 43. to collapse 44. a 45. If
46. was lowered 47. and 48. cheerful 49. smoothly 50. through
短文改错: 第一行：51. 在admitted 前加 are 52. an 改成 a 53. by改成of
第二行： 54. 删除it 55. what改成that
第三行： 56. courses复数 57. serious改成seriously
第四行： 58. you改成your
第五行：59.doing改成done 第六行：60.learn改成learns
书面表达：
The pie chart reveals the survey result concerning the after-school activities the high school students prefer.
It is evident that most students go to tutoring classes after school, accounting for 36% of all.
Meanwhile, 24% of students prefer to do some sports, such as playing basketball or football. In
contrast, less students choose watching TV and surfing the internet, which makes up of 15% and
13% respectively. In addition, there are only 12% of students who like to do other activities.
In short, most of the students go to tutoring classes and do some sports after school.
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