主谓一致
1 【2014·湖南卷】 All we need ________ a small piece of land where we can plant various kinds of fruit trees throughout the growing seasons of the year.
A. are B. was C. is D. were
【答案】 C 考查主谓一致。句意：所有我们需要的只是一小块在一年的成长季节里能够种植各种各样的果树的土地。all作主语时，如指复数概念，动词用复数；如指单数概念，动词用单数。根据后面的a small piece of land可知这里表示单数概念。
1．【2013·福建】The famous musician，as well as his students，________to perform at the opening ceremony of the 2012 Taipei Flower Expo.
A．were invited B．was invited C．have been invited D．has been invited
【解析】 句意为：那位著名音乐家和他的学生应邀在2012年台北花博会开幕式上演出。本题既考查主谓一致又考查动词的时态。题干中的主语是The famous musician，是单数形式，排除A和C项。根据the 2012 Taipei Flower Expo可知谓语动词需用过去时态，排除D项。
【答案】 B
2．【2013·江苏】Generally，students’ inner motivation with high expectations from others________essential to their development.
A．is B．are C．was D．were
【解析】 句意为：一般来说，学生们的内在动机及来自他人的高期望对他们的发展是必要的。本题考查主谓一致。本题中由with连接两个成分，即A with B，谓语动词的单复数应该和A保持一致，所以本句谓语动词应该和students’ inner motivation保持一致，用单数。本句说的是一般情况，所以用一般现在时态。
【答案】 A
3．【2013·湖南】The university estimates that living expenses for international students ________around $8,450 a year，which________a burden for some of them.
A．are；is B．are；are C．is；are D．is；is
【解析】 句意为：这所大学估计留学生一年的生活费用大约是8 450美元，这一点对于他们中的一些人来说是个负担。本题考查主谓一致。第一空：因为主语是living
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expenses，是复数，所以谓语动词要用复数形式are；第二空：主语是which，用来替代前面的句子，所以谓语动词要用单数形式is。
【答案】 A
4．【2012 ·湖南】All the scientific evidence________that increasing use of chemicals in farming________damaging our health.
A．show；are B．shows；are C．show；is D．shows；is
【解析】 考查主谓一致。evidence作“证据，证明”讲时是不可数名词，故第一空用shows；increasing use of chemicals in farming是动名词短语作主语，谓语用单数，故第二空用is。
【答案】 D
全国各地模拟题
1.【2013·辽宁省东北育才双语学校高三第三次模拟】The new country road is ___________ of the old one.
A. twice the width B. the width twice
C. twice as the width D. as twice the width
【解析】A考查倍数的表达。句意：这条新的乡村路是旧的两倍宽。倍数表达：倍数+as+adj.+as/ (the+形容词比较级/ the+性质名词)+另一物体。故本题选A项。
2.【2013·安徽省皖南八校高三第二次联考】It is either he or you in charge of the project and supposed to finish it punctually.
A. who is B. that is C. who are D. which are
【解析】C考查强调句型及主谓一致。本句中either he or you是原句的主语，根据就近原则，后的谓语动词应该和you相一致，故用are，再根据所强调的是人，故选用C项。原句为：Either he or you are in charge of the project and supposed to finish it punctually.
3.【2013·江苏省南京师范附属中学高三12月诊断】There are some technologies for safe drinking water that ______ to be used to find long-term solutions to the problems the world is facing.
A. are being developed B. have been developed
C. is being developed D. has been developed
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【解析】A考查时态、语态和主谓一致。句意：有一些解决安全饮水问题的技术正在被研发，他们将被用来长久的解决世界正在面临的饮水问题。that引导定语从句，代替前面的先行词technologies，所以从句中用复数的谓语动词，从“正在面临的问题”可以看出技术是正在被研发。
4.【2013·安徽省示范高中高三第一次联考】One survey shows that large amounts of water wasted every year in China, and that one third is available to be saved.
A. is B. has been C. be D. are
【解析】D考查主谓一致。large amounts of water作主语时，谓语动词常用复数形式。
5.【2013·福建省大田一中高三上学期段考】As a result of destroying the forest, a large________ of the desert________ covered the land.
A. number; has B. quantity; has C. number; have D. quantity; have
【解析】B考查主谓一致。句意：由于破坏了森林，大量的沙漠覆盖了土地。a large number of 修饰可数名词；a large quantity of 修饰可数名词和不可数名词；desert是不可数名词，做主语是谓语动词用第三人称单数，故选B项。
6.【2013·贵州省遵义四中高三第二次检测】Not only John and Tom but also their sister, Mary, _______ great interest in the piano lessons.
A. take B. takes C. have taken D. had taken
【解析】B考查主谓一致。not only…but also…连接的并列结构作主语，适用于就近原则，本句的主语是Mary，故谓语动词用单数。
7. 【2013·辽宁省丹东市宽甸二中高三上学期期末】The house rent is expensive. I’ve got about half the space I had at home and I’m paying _____here.
A. as three times much B. as much three times
C. much as three times D. three times as much
【解析】D考查倍数的表达。句意：房租很贵。我找到了一个是家里一半大的地方，但是我要付三倍的价钱。倍数表示时常用句式：倍数+as+形容词或副词的原级+as+比较对象。故选D项，much后省略了as the space I had at home.
8.【2013·辽宁省盘锦市第二高级中学第二次阶段考试】 Jim, as well as his friends who ____football games, ___traveled with the team .
A. likes; has B. like; have C. like; has D. likes; have
【解析】C考查主谓一致。第一空动词like的主语是who即friends，故用复数形式like，第二空是主句谓语动词的一部分，主语是Jim，as well as连接Jim和his
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friends，但是不影响原来主语即Jim后面谓语动词的单复数，故填has，故本题选C项。
9. 【2013·辽宁省盘锦市第二高级中学第二次阶段考试】The new bridge is ____the one built last year.
A. three times as wider as B. three times the width of
C. three times the width D. as three times as
【解析】B考查倍数的用法。句意：新桥比去年建的那座桥要宽三倍。倍数的表达：倍数+as+形容词或副词的原级+as+比较对象或者倍数+the+名词+of+比较对象或倍数+比较级+than+比较对象。故本题选B项。
10.【2013·山东省威海市高三上学期期末考试】– Is everyone here?
– Not yet. Look, there _____ the rest of our guests!
A. come B. comes C. is coming D. are coming
【解析】A考查主谓一致。本句是倒装句，主语是the rest of our guests，故用复数形式，所以选A项。其中倒装中没有进行式，故D项错误。
11.【2013·陕西省西工大附中高三第五次适应性训练】The trouble with such resources as coal, oil and gas ______ that they are not renewable.
A. was B. are C. have been D. is
【解析】D考查主谓一致。本句主语the trouble后跟with such resources as coal, oil and gas但是不影响the trouble作主语，故谓语动词用单数，同时根据从句的时态可知选D项。
12. 【2013·北京市东城区普通校第一学期第二次联考】The basketball coach, as well as his team, ______ interviewed shortly after the match for their outstanding performance.
A. were B. was C. is D. are
【解析】B考查主谓一致。主语是由The basketball coach 和as well as his team构成，但是as well as his team不影响主语The basketball coach后的谓语动词的单复数，故选B项。
13.【2013·河南省开封市高三第一次模拟考试】____ of the land in that district ____ covered with trees and grass.
A．Two fifth; is B．Two fifths; are C．Two fifth; are D．Two fifths; is
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【解析】D考查主谓一致。分数表示法：分子用基数词，分母用序数词，当分子超过一，分母用复数形式，同时分数作主语时，主要看它所修饰的名词，本句是不可数名词the land，故用单数，故选D项。
14.【2013·海南省嘉积中学高三上学期高中教学质量监测】______ without friends ______ the most difficult challenge for Chuck while living on the island.
A. How to survive, is B. How does he survive, are
C. How does he survive, is D. How to survive, are
【解析】A考查主谓一致。句子作主语时需要陈述句语序，故先排除B和D项。当疑问词+不定式作主语时，谓语动词用单数，故选A项。
15. 【2013·河南省开封市高三第一次模拟考试】Our school covers an area of 400 mu, which is ____ as yours.
A．twice as big B．twice bigger
C．twice the size D．as twice big
【解析】A考查倍数的用法。根据倍数的表达法“倍数+as+形容词或副词的原级+as+比较对象或者倍数+the+名词+of+比较对象或倍数+比较级+than+比较对象”可知选A项。
主谓一致的难点在于它常与动词时态、语态结合起来进行考查；在做这类题目时，我们往往顾此失彼。解决方法是：先由主语的形式确定单复数；然后由语境或时间状语确定时态；最后由主语和谓语的逻辑关系确定语态。
1．【2014·陕西西安名校第五次模拟】Either the judge or the lawyers________wrong on the case at that moment.
A．is B．are C．were D．was
【解析】 考查时态和主谓一致。句意为：那时，在这件案子上，不是法官错就是律师们错了。并列主语由either...or...，neither...nor...等连接时，谓语应与最邻近的主语的数保持一致，据题干中or后的the lawyers和at that moment可知本题选C。
【答案】 C
2．【2014·陕西宝鸡质量检测二)We each________strong points，but each of us on the other hand ________weak points.
A．have；have B．has；have C．have；has D．has；has
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【解析】 考查主谓一致。句意为：我们每个人都有优点，但是另外一方面我们每个人也有缺点。第一空前的each作We的同位语，所以谓语动词应和We保持一致，用复数形式；第二空谓语动词的形式应和each of us保持一致，用单数形式。
【答案】 C
3．【2014·陕西西安高三第三次教学质量】—Ted，will you go shopping with me this afternoon?
—I would like to，but my neighbor，a lovely girl，along with her friends，________me to join them in building a snowman.
A．has invited B．have invited C．are inviting D．is inviting
【解析】 考查主谓一致和时态。句意为：——Ted，今天下午和我去购物，好吗？——我想去，但我的邻居，一个可爱的女孩，以及她的朋友已邀请我与她们一起堆雪人了。答语中的主语是my neighbor，a lovely girl是my neighbor的同位语，当主语后跟along with引导的词组时，谓语动词的单复数视主语情况而定，故谓语动词用单数形式。因为此处强调的是动作对现在的影响，故用现在完成时。
【答案】 A
4．【2014·安徽芜湖三校一】A recent study has found that the number of smokers________sharply over the past five years.
A．is increasing B．are increasing C．has been increasing D．have been increasing
【解析】 考查时态和主谓一致。句意为：最近一项研究表明，在过去五年里，吸烟者人数急剧上升。a number of接复数名词作主语，谓语动词用复数，而the number of后接复数名词作主语，谓语动词则用第三人称单数；时间状语over the past five years表明用现在完成进行时态。
【答案】 C
主谓一致是指谓语动词在人称和数上和主语一致，一般遵循三个原则，即语法一致原则、意义一致原则和就近一致原则。做题时还要注意时态及其他语法及词义的正确性。
一、语法一致原则
主语后跟有with，together with，as well as，like，but，except，along with，rather than，including，in addition to等引起的短语时，谓语动词的数要与前面的主语保持一致。
【2009·陕西】Mr Smith，together with his wife and daughters，is going to visit
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Beijing this summer.
史密斯先生和他的妻子、女儿们今年夏天将要一起参观北京。
I think Tom，rather than you is to blame for the accident.
我认为是汤姆而不是你该为此事故负责任。
二、就近一致原则
1．由or，either...or...，neither...nor...，not only...but also...等连接的并列主语，谓语动词常与最近的主语在单复数上保持一致。
【2009·湖南】Either you or one of your students is to attend the meeting that is due tomorrow.
要么是你或者你的一名学生应该出席明天的会议。
2．由there，here引起的主语不止一个时，谓语动词的数通常和最邻近的主语保持一致。
There is a pencil and two pens in the pencilbox.
文具盒内有一支铅笔和两支钢笔。
三、意义一致原则
1．由连词and连接的并列成分指的是同一概念，兼具身份或匹配出现(不可分割的整体)，谓语动词用单数。
A needle and thread was given to her，but she could not sew the button on.
针线给了她，但她不会把纽扣缝起来。
2．“no/each/every/many a＋单数名词＋and＋no/each/every/many a＋单数名词”作主语，谓语动词用单数。
Every man and every woman has a good reason to be proud of the work done by their fathers.
每一个人都很有理由为他们的父亲所从事的职业感到骄傲。
3．非谓语动词、名词性从句作主语，谓语动词一般用单数。
To go to bed early and to rise early is a good habit.
早睡早起是一个好习惯。
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