Unit 5 The Power of Nature
一、 单项填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
从所给的四个选项(ABC和D)中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
1. ---------How much farther shall we have to go?
---------Another five miles until we reach the mountain ______ .
A. at a distance B. in a distance C. at distance D. in the distance
2. Considering that Frank did not have the ______ to do the important work well, the boss fired him.
A. cause B. hope C. reason D. potential
3. Mary dose all the cooking and cleaning, but her husband does ______ nothing to give her a hand.
A. absolutely B. naturally C. usually D. partly
4. He had a talent for management and was ________ manager of the company.
A. designed B. appointed C. respected D. honored
5. The old man may look threatening at first glance but he’s _______ a very friendly person.
A. hardly B. obviously C. readily D. actually
6. _______ the question many times, Henry lost patience with his slow brother.
A. Having been explained B. Explained C. To explain D. Having explained
7. Both his parents were killed in the terrible fire and his house was burn to the ______.
A. earth B. ground C. floor D. end
8. The new stadium being built for the next Asian Games will be _______ the present one.
A. as three times big as B. three times as big as C. as big as three times D. as big three times as
9. The volcano _______ in 1980, damaging a large area of Washington State.
A. exploded B. blew C. burst D. erupted
10. They do what they can to _____ the old museum _________.
A. preserve, from destroying B. protect, from destroying
C. prevent, from being destroyed D. keep, being destroyed
11. We could go now or this afternoon. Whatever time ________ you best?
A. fits B. meets C. satisfies D. suits
12. Hearing the news that he won the first in the competition, his voice trembled ________ excitement.
A. for B. in C. with D. at
13. Disappointed, I was about to leave __________ something occurred, which ________ my attention.
A. while, paid B. and, got C. before, drew D. when, attracted
14. Knowing that his brother is waiting for him at the station, he made his ________ there immediately.
A. way B. decision C. judge D. preparation
15. There will be about 30 people coming to attend the meeting, and among them ___________ artists, writers,
musicians and so on.
A. are B. include C. have D. remain
二、完形填空（共20小题；每小题1。5分，满分30分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项(ABC和D)中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
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The famous British inventor George Stephenson was born in 1781 and died in 1848. One of his__16__important inventions was the train. He _17__his first train when he was forty-four years old. When he was experimenting with the __18__engine on the train, he met with __19__from the government, the newspapers and the gentlemen in the country. They said that the noise and the smoke would _20__ cows, horses and sheep, that the 21__ would burst or that the hot coals from it would __22_ their houses. At that time,__23__people believed what they said.
George Stephenson __24__the people that the train could go on small _25_, could pull carriages __26_goods and passengers and there was __27__to them. It was a very __28__ matter for him to __29__hem believe. However, after _30_, he was able to do it; and the first train that __31__by Stephenson himself __32_ what he had said.
The first day _33_the people along the way _34_the noises of the train __35__ and saw it running quickly to them, they ran back home as quickly as they could and closed their doors tightly, for they thought it a genius(妖怪).They did not dare to come out until it had passed.
16. A. very B. a lot C. most D. much
17. A. made B. bought C. introduced D. did
18. A. electrical B. atomic C. steam D. oil
19. A. success B. troubles C. people D. pleasure
20. A. kill B. buy C. interest D. take away
21. A. smoke B. noise C. driver D. engine
22. A. pull down B. blow away C. set fire to D. pass
23. A. most B. few C. only a few D. the rich
24. A. said B. spoke C. told D. warned
25. A. roads B. rivers C. steam D. rails
26. A. short of B. full of C. empty of D. without
27. A. no great danger B. dangerous C. a lot of danger D. few danger
28. A. easy B. difficult C. pleasant D. light
29. A. get B. cause C. make D. force
30. A. sometime B. some time C. a few times D. sometimes
31. A. was sold B. was driven C. was pulled D. helped
32. A. believed B. seemed C. sensed D. proved
33. A. of B. when C. while D. for
34. A. caught sight of B. listened to C. heard D. thought
35. A. nearby B. in the distance C. on the far D. from the distance
三、阅读理解（共20小题；每小题2分，满分40分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项(ABC和D)中，选出最佳选项。
A
Geena David knew she wanted to be a movie star when she was very young. She was not sure what gave her the idea, but she wanted to look like a movie star. “I have a lot of pictures from my childhood of me wearing sunglasses,” she says. “I used to wear them to watch TV.”
Early movie actors started wearing sunglasses not because they looked good, but because their eyes hurt. The lights used on movie sets were extremely bright and could cause a painful problem known as “Klieg eyes”. It was named after the Klieg brothers who invented the lights. Actors wore sunglasses to give their eyes a rest. But when movie stars began wearing their sunglasses in public, they quickly became a must.
Eventually actors started wearing sunglasses in their movies as well as on the street. Audrey Hephburn wore ultra-cool Ray-Ban sunglasses in the 1961 movie, Breakfast at Tiffany’s. As a
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result, Ray-Ban sunglasses started to appear more and more in the movies. In 1979, Ray-Ban “Wayfarers” were worn by Jake and Elwood in The Blue Brothers. Tom Cruise wore Ray-Ban “Aviator” sunglasses in the 1986 hit, Top Gun. Then in 1997, Will Smith and Tommy Lee Jones made Ray-Ban “Predator” sunglasses famous in Men in Black.
Of course sunglasses aren’t just a fashion statement. The main reason to wear sunglasses is to protect our eyes against UV radiation. UV radiation can damage our eyes, so people now choose their sunglasses carefully. But you don’t have to give up style for safety. The choice of frames and lenses available these days is huge. So you can protect your eyes and still be the coolest person on the beach.
36.What is mainly discussed in this passage?
A. The use of sunglasses. B. The history of sunglasses.
C. The sunglasses wearing. D. Why movie stars like to wear sunglasses.
37.Why did Geena David like to wear sunglasses?
A. She was a movie star. B. She wanted to follow a movie star.
C. Wearing sunglasses was good to her eyes. D. It was good to wear sunglasses when watching TV.
38.Early actors’ eyes hurt because ______.
A. they wore sunglasses B. they went out in the sun too much
C. the lights on movie sets were too bright D. their scripts were written in very small writing
39.We may know from this passage that ______.
A. Audrey Hephburn was a famous film star B. Ray-Ban is the name of sunglasses maker
C. Sunglasses made Top Gun the hit in 1986 D. Men in Black must be an advertisement of sunglasses
40.Now people wear sunglasses ______.
A. just to protect their eyes B. for fashion and to protect their eyes
C. because of bright lights D. because movie stars wear them
B
When he took office, George W. Bush, son of former president George Herbert Walker Bush, became the first son to follow his father into the White House since John Quiney Adams followed John Adams in the early 19th century.
Bush was born on July 6, 1946, in New Haven, Connecticut, the first child of George Herbert Walker Bush and Barbara Pierce Bush. Although George Herbert Walker Bush began his career in the oil industry, he finally served as a congressman(国会议员), and vice(副) president and president of the United States.
At the age of two,Bush moved with his parents from Connecticut to Odessa, Texas, where his father took up the oil business. After a year in Texas, the family moved to California for business reasons. A year later, the family returned to Texas and settled in Midland, where Bush lived from 1950 to 1959.
In 1959, again for business reasons, the family moved to Houston, Texas. In 1961 Bush left Texas and went to Andover, Massachusetts, to attend Phillips Academy, aboarding school(寄宿学校) that his father had also attended.
At Phillips, Bush played basketball, baseball, and football. He was best known for being head cheerleader. In 1964 he enrolled at Yale University in Connecticut.His father and grandfather had also attended Yale. At Yale, Bush was considered an average student, but he was popular with his classmates.
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Bush graduated from Yale with a bachelor’s degree in history in 1968. Then he joined the Air National Guard and remained in the Guard until 1973. After earning his MBA from Harvard in 1975, Bush returned to Midland. Like his father, he first entered the oil industry as a “landsman(新手)”. However, Bush’s oil companies never enjoyed great success. He took more interest in politics. He helped his father to become president and in 1994 he himself was elected governor of Texas.
In the summer of 1999, Bush began to run for the president of the USA and on January 20, 2001, George W. Bush, hand raised, took the oath(宣誓) of office to become the 43rd president of the US.
41.What does the writer intend to tell us in the first paragraph?
A. George W. Bush is the first son in American history to follow his father into the White House.
B. George W. Bush is the first son of former president George Herbert Walker Bush.
C. John Quincy Adams and his father were both former American presidents.
D. George W. Bush is the second one in American history to follow his father into the White House.
42.We may learn from the text that young Bush ______.
A. got on very well at the universities B. was very good at basketball, baseball and football
C. did everything as his father had done D. was a very successful politician like his father
43.Which of the following is NOT true about George W. Bush?
A. Young Bush lived with his family in Texas from 1948 to 1961.
B. He once studied at a university that his father and grandfather had also attended.
C. He once ruled over an American state before he entered the White House.
D. He once served at the Air National Guard for about five years.
C
In 1752, three years after two Scotsmen, Alexander Wilson and Thomas Melville, fastened thermometers to kites to record the temperature of clouds, Benjamin Franklin made his famous experiment with a kite, a string, and a key. Franklin hoped to show that nature's tremendous displays of electricity in lightning were the same thing as the feeble electric sparks scientists of the day were producing in their laboratories. He built a square kite to which he attached an iron wire. He flew the kite with a hemp string(麻线), and near the base of the string he tied a large brass key. The kite rose into a dark thundercloud, where the iron wire picked up electrical charges. Franklin noticed that the strands of the string(绳串) were beginning to stand up with electricity. As rain wet the string, it conducted more electricity. Standing in the shelter of a shed, Franklin cautiously reached out his finger to touch the brass key. A series of sparks jumped from the key to his finger. He thus proved that lightning and electricity are the same. We now know that this experiment was a dangerous one, for Franklin might have been killed by a bolt of lighting.
44. The best title for this passage is ________.
A. The Discover of Electricity B. The kite and Science
C. Franklin's Experiment with Lightning D. Franklin, a Great Scientist
45. According to the passage, Benjamin Franklin ________.
A. recorded the temperature of clouds B. was killed by a bolt of lightning
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C. proved that lightning can be controlled by man D. proved that lightning and electricity have the same essential nature
46. Two Scotsmen experimented with kites in ________.
A. 1752 B. 1746 C. 1755 D. 1749
47. Franklin did not use a ________.
A. string B. wire C. key D. thermometer
48. The fact that Franklin was not injured was apparently due to ________.
A. luck B. wisdom C. the materials D. the shed's protection
D
Every living cell contains genes. They are too small to be seen in a microscope, but they are very important. Each set of genes in the body contains all the instructions needed to make a human being. Some genes determine hair color. Some determine the shape of a nose. Some genes help determine your height and even your weight.
Genes are made of a chemical called DNA-the letters stand for deoxyribonucleic acid(脱氧核糖核酸). In the early 1950's, two scientists, Francis Crick and James Watson, figured out how the parts of DNA fit together. Once scientists understood this structure, it became possible to take pieces of DNA apart and put them together in new ways. New kinds of genes could be made in this manner.
Scientists have studied the genes of many plants and animals. They have worked out which genes affect the color of a tomato and the thickness of its skin. Working out which genes determine which features is called genetic mapping, scientists have begun the Human Genome Project, an ambitious effort to map all the genes in the human body.
Some genes may be defective(有缺陷的). For example, something might be wrong with the gene that makes blood clot(凝聚). A baby born with this defective gene could suffer serious hemorrhages(出血) or even bleed to death because his or her blood fails to clot. If scientists ever learn how to map all the genes in our bodies, they can determine whether or not an unborn child has any defective genes. They might even discover how to treat these genes before the child is born.
49. What was the achievement of Francis Crick and James Watson?
A. They discovered why people have different hair colors.
B. They learned that some people bleed for long periods of time.
C. They looked at human cells under the microscope.
D. They worked out the structure of DNA.
50. What is the main idea of this passage?
A. Defective genes can never be repaired.
B. Genes are too small to be seen through a microscope.
C. Genes help scientists understand how living things develop their characteristics.
D. The Human Genome Project may explain the role of every gene in the body.
E
Einstein was born in 1879 in Germany. As a child, he was slow to learn to talk.As a pupil, he was backward. But when he was fourteen years old, he became clever. He taught himself maths from textbooks. He studied hard because he wanted to be a physicist.
In 1901,Einstein began teaching. In 1902 he continued his studies at the University of Zurich.Several years later, he formulated(系统地阐述)his famous Theory of Relativity(相对论).To most people the law of relativity is difficult to explain. But once Einstein explained it very well to a group of young students. He said,"When you sit with a good girl for two hours, you
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think it is only a minute. But when you sit on a hot stove for a minute, you think it's two hours. That is relativity."
After Hitler came into power in Germany，Einstein went to America. In 1940 Einstein became an American citizen. In 1955, Einstein's life ended at the age of seventy-six.
51.When Einstein was a pupil of twelve, he _______ .
A. was not quick in learning to talk B. was poor in his studies
C. studied very hard D. hardly lagged behind
52.The law of relativity is_______ .
A. very hard for most people to understand B. too hard for Einstein himself to explain
C. too hard to explain to anybody except Einstein D. easy to understand only for the young students 53.When did Einstein become an American citizen?
A. He was an American citizen until 1940.
B. Not until he had reached the age of 61 did he become an American citizen.
C. He did not become an American citizen until 1955.
D. He became an American citizen in the year when Hitler came into power.
54.Which of the following do you think is true?
A. The Germans owed their scientific progress to Einstein.
B. The Americans owed all their economic development to Einstein.
C. Einstein owed a great deal to the modern world.
D. Einstein made a very great contribution to modern science.
55.The title for this passage should be " _______ ".
A. Theory of Relativity B. An American Citizen C. Albert Einstein D. Einstein's Contribution
四、书面表达（满分25分）
假如你是陈华，你们学校附近几家小商店近期流行“校园彩票”。学生花五毛钱就可以摸一次奖，许多同学痴迷于此，有的省下生活费，甚至借钱去摸奖。
请你将以上现象向China Daily反映并从学校与政府两方面谈谈如何制止这种现象。
注意：1．开头和结尾已给出，不计人总词数；
2．词数：100左右；
3．参考词汇：彩票lottery ticket。
Dear Editor，
Recently several small shops around our school have started a new business called “school lottery”________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
Unit 1 参考答案与提示
一、单项选择
1～5 DDABD 6～10 DBBDC 11～15 DBDAA
二、完形填空
16. 选C。most为形容词，意为“最”。
17. 选A。make意为“制造”。
18. 选C。”steam engine”意为“蒸汽式发动机”。
19. 选B。根据下文可知，他遇到了麻烦。
20. 选A。这句话的意思是“噪音和烟会杀死奶牛、马和羊。”
21. 选D。engine意为“发动机”。
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22. 选C。set fire to意思为“使。。。着火”。
23. 选A。根据上文可知，大部分人都赞同这种观点。
24. 选C。tell为及物动词,意为“告诉”；say为不及物动词，其后不能直接接宾语。
25. 选D。rail意思为“轨道”。
26. 选B。full off…意思为“装满。。。”，此处为形容词短语作定语。
27. 选A。根据上下文可知，这句话的意思为“他告诉人们火车对他们并没有什么危害”。D选项few只能修饰可数名词复数。
28. 选B。在当时的情况下，人们很难相信他说的话。
29. 选C。make sb. do sth.为一固定结构，意思为“使某人做某事”。
30. 选B。some time意思为“一段时间”；sometime意思为“某时”；a few times意思为“几次”；sometimes意思为“有时候”。
31. 选B。drive意思为“驾驶”。
32. 选D。这句话的意思为“史蒂芬自己亲自驾驶的火车证实了他所说的话。”
33. 选B。when表示“当。。。时候”；while表示“在。。。期间”，其后从句的动词必须是延续性动词。
34. 选C。hear意思为“听见”；listen to表示听的动作，意思为“听“。
35. 选B。in the distance为一固定短语，意思为“在远处”。
三、 阅读理解
36. 选C。通读全文可知，文章的中心是sunglasses。该题很容易错选D。明星喜欢戴太阳镜的原因在第二段中提及，只是文章的一个部分而已。
37. 选B。根据文章第一段，“She was not sure…,but she wanted to look like a movie star”,可知，
38. 选C。根据文章第二段中“The lights used on movie sets were extremely bright and could cause a painful problem”可知应该选B。
39. 选A。根据文章第二段中“Audrey Hephburn wore ultra-cool Ray-Ban sunglasses in the 1961 movie,…”可知，Audrey Hephburn是一著名的电影演员。
40. 选B。文章最后一段提到带眼睛不仅仅是为了赶时髦，也是为了保护眼睛。
41. 选D。George W. Bush是继John Quiney Adams之后第一个跟随父亲入主白宫的人。本文的中心是Bush。所以选D而不选C。
42. 选D。根据文章倒数第二段“He took more interest in politics. He helped his father to become president and in 1994 he himself was elected governor of Texas.”可知，他和他父亲都是在政治方面很成功的。
43. 选A。根据文章第三段可知，在这期间，他们一家曾经因为生意方面的缘故，离家去了California。
44. 选C。文章详细描述了Franklin的实验。
45. 选D。根据文章倒数第二句话“e thus proved that lightning and electricity are the same.”可知，他证明了闪电和点是一回事。
46. 选D。根据文章第一句话可知，应该选D。
47. 选D。在实验中，Franklin用的是细绳、金属线、风筝和钥匙，而没有温度计。
48. 选A。根据文章最后一句话可知，这个实验很危险，Franklin本可能被电触死。
49. 选D。第二段第二句即本题答案出处。
50. 选C。第一段即说明了本文的主旨大意,基因有助于科学家们理解生物的特征是怎样发展的。
51. 选B。在第一段讲到，在小学的时候，他的成绩是比较差的。
52. 选A。在第二段讲到，相对论是很难解释的。
53. 选B。文章最后一段讲到，1940年Einstein成为了美国公民，那时他41岁。
54. 选D。Einstein为现代科学事业作出了很大贡献。
55. 选C。文章讲述了Einstein的一生。
四、One possible version：
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Dear Editor，
Recently several small shops around our school have started a new business called “school lottery”. The lottery is becoming more and more popular．
Each lottery ticket costs five jiao and lots of students get addicted to this game．Some students use their money which should be spent on food to buy the tickets and some even borrow money to join in the chance game．
In my opinion，it is necessary to take measures to stop the game on campus．On one hand，the school should explain the harmful effects of lottery to students and make rules to forbid students to buy lottery tickets．On the other hand，the local government should punish shop owners who carry our such business among students．
If both the school and the government cooperate in fighting it．I think the school lottery activity will be effectively stopped．
Yours sincerely.
Chen Hua
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