Unit 5 The power of nature
第二部分：阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。
A
★★☆☆☆
John Barry was born in Ireland in 1745. At the age of 15, driven by the British from his hometown, he got onto a ship secretly. It was leaving for the American colonies (殖民地). The ship took him to Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. As Barry stepped off the ship, he had no idea that he would become one of America’s important historical figures.
Barry grew to be over six feet tall. During his time as a sea captain, he set a model for the new navy (海军). He was well-known for his bravery and fairness. He had strict rules for his men, including no alcohol on the ship. Of Barry, historian John Frost, in his 1844 American Naval Biography wrote, “Barry’s operations were not surpassed (超越) during the war.”
When the American War of Independence began, Barry discovered a secret British plan. The British wanted to block the Delaware River and catch every ship sailing to or from Philadelphia. The idea was to starve the American colonists. Barry worked quickly to change merchant ships (商船) into warships. Then he fought the British from a tiny ship. He managed to keep them from getting control of the Delaware River. After his ship sank, he set up his guns on shore. From there he joined in the battles of Trenton and Princeton. Then Barry commanded the American warship Lexington and caught the Prince Edward, the first British ship taken in the war.
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After the war ended, Barry suggested to the U.S. government that it should have a standing navy. It was the best way to protect its long coastline. He was made captain of the first U.S. Navy in 1794. He personally trained the men. Barry left no children when he died in 1803. However, he is called a father. He is the “Father of the American Navy.”
21. John Barry left for the United States _____.
A. because he had no choice
B. because he hated living in Britain
C. in the hope of building a new navy
D. in expectation of visiting Philadelphia
22. The second paragraph is written in a tone of _____.
A. calmness B. anger C. praise D. regret
23. It can be inferred from the text that the Delaware River _____.
A. is a terribly dangerous river
B. is far away from Philadelphia
C. had been under the control of the British
D. had been an important waterway to transport goods
24. After the American War of Independence, John Barry _____.
A. decided to take a good rest
B. commanded the Lexington
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C. often stood along the coastline of the U.S.
D. still involved himself in military decisions
B
★★★☆☆
Your house is a place to kick back and get comfortable. But what if it also had 27 floors, a replica (复制品) of King Tut’s burial chamber (墓室), or an indoor garden? Make yourself at home in some of the coolest houses from around the world.
Sea Creature Shack
Naucalpan, Mexico
Here’s what it’d be like to live in a shell. Architect Javier Senosiain designed this home to look like a real shelled sea creature called the nautilus. The house has rooms and hallways, plus a large front window with multi-colored glass. There’s even an indoor garden. The center of the house holds a TV room lined with soft sofas. If you lived here, you’d never want to come out of your shell.
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Tower Power
Mumbai, India
For a billionaire looking for new digs, the sky’s the limit. One wealthy businessman even had a 27-story tall building used as a private home for his family of five. The tower — which supposedly cost one billion dollars — boasts a spa, ballroom, movie theater, and yoga studio. Living the high life comes at a price, though. The building’s first electric bill reportedly totaled $115,000.
Pyramid Palace
Wadsworth, Illinois
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The United States isn’t known for having pyramids (金字塔) or pharaohs (法老). But one Illinois family decided to switch things. Jim and Linda Onan built a six-story pyramid house complete with a replica of King Tut’s burial chamber, and enough gold plating to please the pickiest pharaoh. Even the family’s cars get the ancient Egyptian royal treatment — the garage is shaped like three pyramids.
Hobbit Home
Pembrokeshire, Wales
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Not all hobbit houses are located in Middle Earth. Simon Dale constructed a family home that looks as if it came straight from The Lord of the Rings movies. Costing less than $5,000, the grass-covered house was made from wood and tree branches. Inside, floor-to-ceiling tree trunks hold up the roof. Dale built the home in four months.
25. It can be learned that the Sea Creature Shack _____.
A. has lots of shells
B. is located in a garden
C. has the basic conveniences
D. was designed by an Indian architect
26. The underlined word “boasts” can be replaced by “_____”.
A. adds B. has C. needs D. lacks
27. What do the Tower Power and the Pyramid Palace have in common?
A. Both are for personal use.
B. Both are expensive to live in.
C. Their owners are both businessmen.
D. They have the same number of stories.
C
★★★★☆
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Limestone caves (石灰岩溶洞) often have some unusual rock formations. Rain runs through the soil and rocks on land to become groundwater. Sometimes the groundwater is located above a limestone cave. Drops of water find their way through tiny openings in the roof of the cave. Small particles of limestone from the roof are worn away as the drops of water travel. The water carries the particles along with it. Eventually the water evaporates (蒸发), leaving the limestone deposit (沉积物) behind. Over time, many drops follow the same path and add to the limestone formation bit by bit. By the time thousands of years have passed, all the tiny deposits add up to a large stalactite, which hangs down from the roof of the cave and points toward the ground.
If the drops of water fall to the ground before they evaporate, the limestone formation starts to build from the floor of the cave upward instead and it is called a stalagmite. The rarest of all the cave formations occurs when a stalactite and a stalagmite form separately over time, but then meet in the middle and join together. This kind of formation is known as a single column.
Carlsbad Caverns in the Guadalupe Mountains of New Mexico is a world-famous collection of limestone caves. The vast 46,766-acre collection of caves is home to some of the most amazing stalactites and stalagmites on Earth.
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About 1898 a cowboy named Jim White saw smoke rising from the ground. When he went to find out the truth, he found it was not smoke but a large formation of bats (蝙蝠) flying upward from the caves. He began to explore the caves and saw the amazing rock formations. Later, the caves were photographed, and visitors began to come from all over the world to see their natural beauty. Carlsbad Caverns became a national park in 1930. In 1995, it was named a World Heritage Site by the United Nations Scientific and Cultural Organization.
28. Paragraph 1 is mainly about _____.
A. how a limestone cave forms
B. how a stalactite comes into being
C. the water movements in a limestone cave
D. the great influence of rain on a limestone cave
29. A stalactite differs from a stalagmite in _____.
A. the way of formation
B. the speed of formation
C. the size of rock formations
D. the number of rock formations
30. What led to Jim White’s discovery of the caves?
A. He mistook the bats leaving the caves for smoke.
B. He herded the cows to the caves accidentally.
C. He tried to find somewhere to avoid the bats.
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D. He smoked the bats out of the caves.
31. What do we know about Carlsbad Caverns?
A. It became a national park in the late 20th century.
B. It is an incredible natural wonder of the world.
C. It was greatly destroyed by visitors before 1930.
D. It became a World Heritage Site shortly after it was discovered.
D
★★★☆☆
“Soul Surfer” is based on the true story of Bethany Hamilton, a champion surfer who in her early teens was attacked by a shark and lost almost all of her left arm. One month later, she was back on a surfboard, has since won several championships and is at age 21 a professional surfer.
My problem with “Soul Surfer” is that it makes it look too simple. Bethany has a loving family of professional surfers and a big, friendly dog. She
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lives in walking distance of the beach. She gets great support from her coaches. She is an optimist with a fierce competitive spirit.
But there had to be more to it than that. I admire her faith, spirit and determination. I realize she is a great athlete. But I feel something is missing. There had to be dark nights of the soul. Times of sadness, anger and hopelessness. Can a 13-year-old girl lose an arm and keep right on smiling?
Let’s now look at the film’s portrait (刻画) of her recovery. There’s a scene where Bethany is fitted with a prosthetic arm (义肢) and refuses to wear it. Great progress is being made in the field of prosthetics. But the arm that she’s offered looks no more useful than the arm that she pulls off her Barbie doll the same night (in one of the movie’s rare moments of depression).
Although I can understand a good prosthetic arm might not help her balance on a surfboard, I believe one might be of use in other situations. Maybe I’m mistaken.
“Soul Surfer” attempts to be inspirational. Whether it will cheer viewers who are not as excellent as Bethany is an excellent question. AnnaSophia Robb is a cheerful heroine. Dennis Quaid and Helen Hunt, as Bethany’s parents, are supportive, although the script (剧本) indeed leaves them with no other choice.
32. In the film “Soul Surfer”, Bethany seems to _____.
A. be a born champion surfer
B. feel upset about the accident
C. have nothing to worry about
D. go through a lot of ups and downs
33. By asking the underlined question in Paragraph 3, the author wants to show _____.
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A. Bethany is really a strong girl
B. he doesn’t believe Bethany’s story
C. it took Bethany a long time to recover
D. the film should provide more information
34. The author thinks the scene about Bethany’s prosthetic arm is _____.
A. untrue B. too simple
C. unnecessary D. frightening
35. What’s the author’s attitude towards the film?
A. It is worth seeing.
B. It is encouraging.
C. There’s no film worse than it.
D. There’s room for improvement.
第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Guides on how to prevent hair loss
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Hair loss is a condition that affects a good number of the human population. There are many reasons for that. 36
Drink at least eight glasses of water as the day wears on if you want to improve the texture (质地) of your hair. Water helps to reduce the free radicals (自由基) inside your body, so that you can have a strong head of hair for many years. Make water your primary liquid during the day.
37 Research has shown that men who live in polluted neighborhoods may experience hair loss, because pollutants enter their bloodstream and damage their hair.
Find at least one hour during the day to exercise. 38 Aim to exercise at least three days a week to keep a healthy head of hair.
Keep a balanced diet, including plenty of fresh fruit and vegetables. Keeping your whole body healthy will also keep your hair healthy, and healthier hair is likely to last longer. 39
Making sure that you’re eating foods rich in iron is a great way you can help strengthen your hair and prevent it from falling out. Think of eating foods like green leafy vegetables, liver (肝脏), raisins (葡萄干) and other dried fruits, and even whole grain cereals. 40
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A. Avoid areas high in pollution.
B. These food sources are a great source of iron.
C. To prevent hair loss, work with what you have.
D. The following tips will help you prevent hair loss.
E. It is difficult to find the source of hair loss due to its many causes.
F. Exercising helps to reduce stress and remove waste from your body.
G. Keeping your hair healthy will result in shinier hair, improving your appearance.
第三部分：语言知识运用（共两节，满分45分）
第一节：完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
★★★☆☆
Bill Latimer was one of the greatest athletes in America and a great competitor. As a student at the University of Utah, he was a star on the 41 team and one of the best competitive 42 . All was going well for Bill. Things couldn’t have been better, until Bill had a skiing 43 and doctors had to cut off his left leg just below the knee.
Needless to say, Bill was totally 44 . However, he didn’t 45 . He believed he could turn the 46 label of “handicapped (有生理缺陷的)” into a positive opportunity to overcome a physical 47 .
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With this newfound understanding of self-competition, Bill 48 himself that he would 49 let anyone see him walk with a limp (跛行). He determined that he would not let this accident 50 him competing.
So Bill had two kinds of artificial 51 made for him. One has a foot with a rocking-chair effect, so when he 52 he does not limp. No one knows he has an artificial leg 53 he wears shorts. With this leg, Bill still 54 tennis and wins. He’s an amazing player and swims long-distance marathon races. The other artificial leg allows Bill to 55 a ski boot as he is a fantastic skier.
Bill Latimer is a great man. He didn’t stay down when he got 56 . He didn’t let disappointments and 57 stop him. He overcame great emotional and 58 challenges and succeeded.
Bill knows that you’re never 59 till you quit. One single event is merely a small accident in the long run. With a sense of humor, and a(n) 60 in self-competition, we can get up and do whatever it takes to succeed.
41. A. baseball B. football C. tennis D. basketball
42. A. skiers B. skaters C. golfers D. sailors
43. A. performance B. trip C. match D. accident
44. A. shocked B. wrong C. different D. forgotten
45. A. run B. struggle C. give up D. look back
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46. A. right B. negative C. active D. false
47. A. check B. process C. test D. challenge
48. A. advised B. promised C. threatened D. encouraged
49. A. never B. often C. already D. still
50. A. keep B. protect C. stop D. send
51. A. arms B. hands C. fingers D. legs
52. A. swims B. walks C. drives D. cycles
53. A. before B. when C. unless D. if
54. A. plays B. changes C. shows D. watches
55. A. pick B. cover C. make D. wear
56. A. fed up B. knocked down C. taken in D. turned over
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57. A. difficulties B. habits C. disagreements D. doubts
58. A. risky B. new C. physical D. direct
59. A. noticed B. left C. frightened D. beaten
60. A. attempt B. belief C. chance D. idea
第Ⅱ卷
第三部分：语言知识运用（共两节，满分45分）
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（不多于3个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。
Susan: Have you heard about the earthquake? It was so 61. ________ (terrify)!
Billy: Yeah, I know, and people have been feeling a lot of 62. ________ (anxious) about earthquakes recently.
Susan: Do you know why earthquakes occur frequently?
Billy: Well, with the world climate 63. ________ (change), natural disasters like earthquakes and volcanic 64. ________ (erupt) are common nowadays. As 65. ________ result, what we should do when an earthquake happens has become a heated topic.
Susan: So what would you 66. ________ (probable) do if it happened unexpectedly?
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Billy: For me, 67. ________ (experience) such a disaster before, I think I would do the following things to survive according to different situations. If it happened when I were sleeping, instead of escaping 68. ________ panic, I would move under the bed and stay quietly to wait for rescuers. If it happened in the daytime, I would run to a clear space, or find a desk or something similar to prevent myself from 69. ________ (hit).
Susan: Right. 70. ________ you told me is reasonable. Thank you again for your detailed description.
第四部分：写作（共两节，满分35分）
第一节：短文改错（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）
假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线（＼）划掉。
修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；2. 只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。
With the increasing serious air pollution, the air quality in cities are becoming worse and worse. The gases from cars and factories keep coming into air. There are not enough trees to absorb the gases, because trees have been cutting down in large quantities. If people breathe out these gases, their healthy will be harmed. The gases may cause various disease like lung cancer or even heart disease. To improve the situation, we suggested that the number of cars should be controlled
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and that the factories should be prevented from pour out waste. And when we go out, rather than drive our own cars, why not to use public transportation?
第二节：书面表达（满分25分）
假如你校英文报正在进行征文活动，要求描写家乡最美丽的景点。请你用英语写一篇短文参加此次活动。
注意：词数120左右。
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参考答案
21-25 ACDDC 26-30 BABAA 31-35 BCDAD
36-40 DAFGB 41-45 CADAC 46-50 BDBAC
51-55 DBCAD 56-60 BACDB
61. terrifying 62. anxiety 63. changing
64. eruptions 65. a 66. probably
67. having experienced 68. in 69. being hit 70. What
短文改错：
71. ... the increasing serious ... increasing → increasingly
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72. ... in cities are becoming ... are → is
73. ... coming into air. air前加the
74. ... been cutting down ... cutting → cut
75. ... breathe out these gases ... out → in
76. ... their healthy will ... healthy → health
77. ... various disease like ... disease → diseases
78. ... we suggested that ... suggested → suggest
79. ... prevented from pour out ... pour → pouring
80. ... why not to use ... 去掉to
One possible version:
Located in the northwest of our city, the Eco Park is one of the top tourist destinations in my hometown. It attracts millions of visitors every year.
When wandering in the park, you can see beautiful and charming sights everywhere. You can enjoy the Tropical Plants Garden, where there are various tropical plants, such as palm trees, banana trees and rubber trees. In this garden, you can also find fantastic foundations, rockery and potted landscape. Another sight I must recommend is the Meeting-friends Hall, where Ou Yangxiu lived in the Song Dynasty. Visiting his close friends, drinking, composing poems, Ou Yangxiu lived a happy and meaningful life there. Of course, other pretty sights are waiting for you, too.
Come here and enjoy the beauty of the park.
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