重庆八中2015-2016学年度（下）半期考试高一年级
英语试题
命题：罗来莉 张钟月 审核：杨萍 打印：罗来莉 张钟月 校对：杨萍
本试卷分第I卷和第II卷两部分。满分150分，考试时间120分钟。
第I卷
第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分)
第一节 (共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. Where does the conversation probably take place?
A. In a restaurant. B. In a hotel. C. In a supermarket.
2. Who is the man?
A. A salesman. B. A policeman. C. A repairman.
3. What are the speakers talking about?
A. An accident. B. Breakfast. C. Their car.
4. Why has the woman been so busy?
A. She wants to take leave soon.
B. She has to do her colleague’s work.
C. She wants a promotion from Ms. Smith.
5. What does the man mean?
A. He wants to buy a coat.
B. He will buy the coat for the woman.
C. He can lend the woman some money.
第二节 （共15小题；每题1.5分，满分22.5分）
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A, B, C 三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听下面一段对话，回答第6 至7题两个小题。
6. What does the man say about the people of New York City?
A. They love small talk.
B. They are not friendly.
C. They are more outgoing than they seem.
7. How does the man describe the food in New York?
A. It is quite international.
B. It is reasonably priced.
C. It’s not very authentic.
听下面一段对话，回答第8至10题三个小题。
8. How does Breda seem to the man?
A. Excited. B. Terribly anxious. C. A little worried.
1. What is the man’s first suggestion?
A. Going on a diet. B. Exercising more. C. Not eating candy.
2. According to the man, when should the woman go to the gym?
A. After work. B. Before work. C. During her lunch break.
听下面一段对话，回答第11至13题三个小题。
3. Where did the speakers go camping?
A. In Peru. B. In Alaska. C. In Hawaii.
4. What does the man suggest about beach destinations?
A. He’s already been there a lot.
B. They are too crowded for him.
C. He doesn’t like the teenagers there.
5. What will the speakers do in Costa Rica?
A. Go hiking in a volcano.
B. Climb the mountains.
C. Stay in a tree house.
听下面一段对话，回答第14 至16题三个小题。
6. Why does the man find his retired life enjoyable?
A. He has more time to read.
B. He gets to be with his family more.
C. He gets to relax at home instead of traveling.
7. How does the man find out about the company’s posts?
A. From its website. B. From his old friends. C. From public ads.
8. What does the man say about the company’s new system?
A. Both sides benefit from it.
B. More jobs should be offered.
C. The company can get things done for free.
听下面一段独白，回答第17至20题四个小题。
9. Where does the name Starbucks come from?
A. From its founder. B. From a place name. C. From a book.
10. When did Schultz take over Starbucks?
A. In 1971. B. In 1987. C. In 2001.
11. What did Schultz want his employees to be like?
A. Happy. B. Hard-working. C. Serious.
12. How does the new service affect Starbucks?
A. It’s more popular.
B. It’s more expensive.
C. The coffee is more delicious.
第二部分 单项选择（每小题1分，共8小题，满分8分）
21. Although many directors are _____ with the rise in China's movie industry, they have voiced concerns about possible bubbles (泡沫) in it.
A. disappointed B. delighted C. bored D. annoyed
22. The failure to _____ the basic values and laws of a country harms the survival of its democracy (民主).
A. ban B. reduce C. replace D. observe
23. --- Argon, can I borrow your textbook?
--- Sorry, not _____ you help make a note of what the teacher says.
A. unless B. if C. when D. since
24. ______ how close she was standing to the railway tracks, the girl was hit by the train and died on the spot.
A. Having not realized B. Not having realized
C. Not realizing D. Not to realize
25. Car drivers can take a subway into the city center ______ cars always get stuck in the traffic jams.
A. which B. what C. where D. when
26. Frightened, Lucy looked back over her shoulder _____ what was coming towards her.
A. seeing B. saw C. to see D. seen
27. Kobe Bryant probably could have achieved more if he and Shaquille O'Neal never ______.
A. broke down B. split up C. took off D. put off
28. Soon Marc found that abstract painting _____ its connection with life.
A. had lost B. has lost
C. has been lost D. had been lost
第三部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）
第一节 （共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）
请阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该选项的标号涂黑。
A
When I was growing up, my father and I always had totally different ideas. He thought that college was a waste of time, but for me it was of importance to finish college. He wanted me to work my way to the top as he had done in his field, but I wanted a different life. There was a time when we did not talk with each other.
A few months ago, I heard that my 84-year-old dad was in poor health. When he called and asked whether I could move from Colorado bank to Tennessee to help him, I knew he was seriously ill. I am his only child and so it was time to meet my father's requirement.
Two weeks after moving back, we bought a boat and started fishing again. Fishing was one of the few things that we did while I was young and that we both enjoyed. It is strange but true that as we are fishing we are able to put things that have kept us apart for so many years behind us. We are able to talk about things that we have never talked about before. Fishing has been healing the old wounds that have kept us apart.
It is not important how many fish we catch. It is about enjoying the relationship that we have not had for years. I' m 62 and he is 84. When we are on the lake fishing, it is like enjoying life. It is far better to find a way to put the unhappy past behind. I am so lucky to spend the happy time with my father in his last years. Now my heart is filled with love. A smile always graces my lips.
29. The author and his father became further apart because_______.
A. they lived very far from each other B. they seldom went to see each other
C. they had different views on things D. they only communicated by phone
30. For the author, fishing with his old father_____.
A. helps cure his father’s disease
B. makes him realize the importance of relaxation
C. is a good way to get close to nature
D. provides a chance for them to communicate
31. What can be the title for the text?
A. Fishing Brings Us Together B. Forgiving Is Difficult
C. Memories of Old Days D. My Beloved Father
B
Most of us have read Cinderella, which is a story about a young woman living in poverty who meets the prince of her dreams. Some might not want to admit it, but there is a hidden Cinderella in everyone’s heart—we all wish we could achieve recognition or success after a period of obscurity (默默无闻).
Mary Santiago has that secret dream, too. Her story is featured in Another Cinderella Story, a film set in a US high school.
Mary is shy but loves to dance. Compared with other girls, she is invisible. However, her world changes completely when a famous teenager pop singer, Joey Parker, appears.
Joey is everything the rest of the boys in her class are not—kind, handsome and desirable. Mary and Joey’s paths cross at a ball. They meet and fall in love with each other. But when Mary has to rush back home, she leaves behind her MP3 player, which becomes the only clue Joey has to find the girl of his dreams. Of course, there is a wicked stepmother, who turns out to be Dominique Blatt and she takes in Mary after her dancer mother dies. Dominique treats Mary like a maid and does everything she can to make sure Mary doesn’t get into the top dance school. Her two daughters are equally determined to stop Joey falling for Mary, even if that means embarrassing her.
The story, though it mostly follows Cinderella, does add a few modern day twists to the classic fairy tale. Refreshingly, the film, unlike many high school films, does not focus on looks, although the actors are all beautiful. There is also a lot less materialism in Another Cinderella Story than in many similar movies.
“The movie takes the Cinderella fairytale as its jumping off point,” writes movie critic Amber Wilkinson. “Yet the focus is firmly on following your dream.”
32. The first paragraph is mainly to _________.
A. inform us of the importance to marry a prince
B. remind us why Cinderella is popular all the years
C. build interest and lead us to Mary’s secret dream
D. tell us how interesting the fairy tale Cinderella is
33. What does Amber Wilkinson mean by his words?
A. The movie is exactly another copy of the Cinderella fairytale.
B. The movie is as good as the story Cinderella.
C. The movie and Cinderella both focus on following your dream.
D. The movie is based on the story Cinderella while a little different from it.
34. The passage is _________.
A. an introduction to Mary Santiago B. an advertisement of a film
C. a story about following a dream D. a film review
35. What can we infer from the passage?
A. Joey is just like other boys in Mary’s class.
B. The MP3 player helps Joey in finding Mary.
C. Not many people have a dream to be realized.
D. Mary’s mother influences her a lot in singing.
C
Recently, scientists are reported to have grown a living human “brain”. The team at Aston University in UK created tiny bunch of cells which act like a mini nervous system.
They believe it could help find a cure for worse mental conditions like Parkinson’s disease. Professor Michael Coleman is leading the research program. He explained, “We are aiming to be able to study the human brain at the most basic level, using an actual living human cell system. Cells have to be alive and operating efficiently to enable us to really understand how the brain works.” The experiment involves changing cells from a cancer tumor (肿瘤）and making them behave like brain cells.
Although far from finished, researchers hope the false brain cells will give them a greater understanding of how real brains work. This, in turn, could significantly further research into conditions which affect the brain. Neil Hunt, chief leader of the research group, said, “It is still very early days, but in the future the research could lead to a useful tool for looking into dementia (痴呆).”
The technique could also provide a way to carry on animal test and is being supported by the Humane Research Trust (HRT). The scientists predict that over the next ten years a million people will develop dementia. Professor Coleman believes their findings could change this. He said, “We hope our research will provide scientists with a new and highly relational human experimental model to help them understand the brain better and develop new drugs to control the related disease. However, the biggest challenge at present is that we are greatly short of fund, which will slow our research.”
36. UK scientists grow a living human “brain” in order to ______.
A. separate cells from a cancer tumor
B. discover how human brain really works
C. make use of living human cell system
D. study the structure of human brain
37. According to Neil Hunt, research into brain cells ______.
A. will help treat some diseases in nerve system
B. will influence the brain growth in many ways
C. will get finished as early as possible
D. will make people discover dementia
38. From the last paragraph, we can know that ______
A. the technique provided by HRT is not fully developed
B. the research program lacks financial support
C. animal tests are no longer allowed by law
D. a million people suffer from brain diseases
39. The text is meant to ______.
A. tell us about an important achievement in medical research
B. introduce the progress of drugs for dementia
C. tell us about health problem in nerve system
D. introduce a research program in human's brain
D
To Whom It May Concern:
Your address was forwarded to us by How to Magazine. All of us here think The International Institute of Not Doing Much is the best organization in the world. You know how to avoid unnecessary activities!
As a matter of fact, we closely followed the advice in your article. First, we replaced all our telephones with carrier pigeons. Simply removing the jingle of telephones and replacing them with the pleasant sounds of birds has had a remarkable effect on everyone. Besides, birds are cheaper than telephone service. After all, we are a business. We have to think of the bottom line. As a side benefit, the birds also add the nutrients to the grass outside the new employees’ sauna(桑拿房).
Next, we sold the computers off to Stab, Grab, Grit, and Nasty, a firm of lawyers nearby. Our electricity bill went way down. Big savings! The boss is impressed. We have completely hugged paper technology. Now that we all use pencils, doodling (涂鸦) is on the increase, and the quality of pencil Woman Ship is impressive, as you can tell from my handwriting in this letter. By the way, if you can, please send this letter back to us. We can erase and reuse it. Just tie it to Maggie’s leg and she’ll know where to take it.
Now it’s very calm and quiet here. You can notice the difference. No more loud chatter on the telephones! All we hear is the scratching of pencil on paper, the sound of pigeons, and the delivery of inter-office letters by paper airplane.
Wonderful! I’ve always wanted to work for an insurance company ever since I was a little girl. Now it’s perfect.
Sincerely yours,
Eleanor Lightly
Spokeswoman and Company Hair Stylist
ABC Activity Insurance: insure against overdoing it
40. Where is Eleanor’s letter sent to?
A. How To Magazine.
B. ABC Activity Insurance Company.
C. Stab, Grab, Grit, and Nasty Law Firm.
D. The International Institute of Not Doing Much.
41. Which of the following best describes the life the author is leading?
A. A religious, peasant-like life. B. A simple, slow-paced life. C. A life away from paper and pencils. D. A life of hard work and security.
42. Which of the following is practiced in the author’s company?
A. Replacing the hand work system with modern technology.
B. Turning off lights in the daytime to save electricity.
C. Buying birds and pets as company for the staff.
D. Recycling paper resources whenever possible.
43. What is the purpose of writing this letter?
A. to show his dissatisfaction with the new environment.
B. to complain about the bad working condition.
C. to persuade people to live a simple life.
D. to express his thanks for the good advice.
第二节 （共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Question: My 14-year-old son is very disrespectful to my husband and me, and we don’t know what to do. He often gets home after dark. And we have a big argument after he comes back. Can you help us?
Answer: Your son should, of course, come back before dark, not because you say so, but because it is his responsibility and because you would worry about him if he didn’t come home when he promised. 44 . Just tell him that he has to be home on time if he wants to go out next time — and that this is his choice, not yours.
His disrespect is part of a bigger issue. Your son desires independence because the young always do when they hit puberty (青春期). New hormones (荷尔蒙), a new need to pull away from their parents results in this desire. 45 .
Your son may also be acting up because your discipline hasn’t kept up with his growth. A child hates to be corrected when his parents use the same words they used when correcting him a year ago. 46 .
He won’ t even argue with you too much, if you listen to his rants (咆哮) and consider his reasons when you have to say no. You need to know that your respect is as important as his respect. 47 . This doesn’t complete anything and must worsen your relationship.
Your child not only needs your respect. 48 . They need your pity for him when things go wrong, rather than tell him what he should have done. Now is the time to give as few orders as possible (but stick to the ones you give).
A. But don’t worry.
B. But don’t argue about it.
C. He wants you to react to him at the age he is today.
D. So boys and girls are so eager to spread their wings.
E. If you don’t listen and consider, he won’t hear a word you say.
F. He is growing physically, mentally, emotionally and even morally.
G. He also needs you to encourage his dreams, no matter how strange they are.
第四部分 英语知识运用（共两节，满分45分）
第一节 完形填空（共20小题；每题1.5分，满分30分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A, B, C和D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
As we know, it is impossible to make no mistakes all one’s life. My grandpa Nybakken is no 49 . Several decades ago he made a mistake — a (n) 50 mistake, though.
On a cold Saturday, Grandpa was building some wooden cases for the clothes his 51 was sending to an orphanage (孤儿院) in Congo. On his way back home, he 52 into his shirt pocket for his glasses, but they were gone. So he drove back to the church. His search proved 53 . When he 54 replayed his earlier actions, he realized what happened. The glasses had slipped out of his pocket and 55 into one of the cases. His new glasses, having 56 him ＄20, were heading for Congo that morning! He had to drive home 57 .
Several months later, the director of the orphanage came to give a report at my grandfather’s church, which Grandpa also attended.
The director said, “I must thank you for the 58 you sent last year. The bandits (土匪) had just swept through the orphanage, 59 everything, including my glasses. 60 I had the money, there was simply no way of 61 the broken pair of glasses. 62 not being able to see well, I experienced headaches every day. Then your cases 63 . When my staff removed the covers, they found a pair of glasses lying on top.”
Then, with the 64 , he continued: “When I tried 65 the glasses, it was as though they had been made just for me! It was amazing!”
The people listened, 66 for the miraculous glasses. But the director must have 67 their church with another, they thought. There were no glasses on their 68 of things to be sent overseas. But Grandpa was sitting quietly in the back, with tears streaming down his face.
49. A. similarity B. success C. luck D. exception
50. A. perfect B. foolish C. formal D. common
51. A. factory B. church C. family D. country
52. A. turned B. reached C. filled D. put
53. A. proper B. reasonable C. useless D. necessary
54. A. mentally B. physically C. softly D. directly
55. A. fallen B. jumped C. forced D. broke
56. A. offered B. spent C. paid D. cost
57. A. disappointed B. pleased C. nervous D. satisfied
58. A. cases B. clothes C. glasses D. wishes
59. A. cutting B. destroying C. defending D. recording
60. A. Unless B. As long as C. Until D. Even though
61. A. replacing B. selling C. wearing D. changing
62. A. Except for B. Along with C. Rather than D. As for
63. A. disappeared B. flew C. arrived D. broken
64. A. preparation B. regret C. satisfaction D. wonder
65. A. out B. over C. for D. on
66. A. sorry B. happy C. bored D. stressed
67. A. confused B. connected C. combined D. compared
68. A. case B. order C. list D. search
第II卷
第四部分 英语知识运用（共两节，满分45分）
第二节 语法填空（共10分；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（不多于3个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。
My family spent a few weeks in London last year. We went there in the autumn. We think it is the best season to visit England. The weather is usually quite good and there are not too many 69 (travel) in October.
We stayed at 70 small hotel in the West End. We did most of our sightseeing 71 foot. We went to look at the places 72 all travelers would like to see. We went shopping and spent too much money 73 (buy) a lot of things. What we liked most was going to the theater. We didn’t have the chance to see such wonderful plays at home. A lot of people say English restaurants are very bad. We didn’t think so. It is true 74 most of the restaurants are French, Italian, or Chinese, 75 Britain had some very delicious meals.
In fact, we enjoyed our holiday so much that we have already decided 76 (go) there again next year. And we 77 (take) our umbrellas. I’m sure we’ll need 77 sometimes.
第五部分：写作(共三节，满分27分)
第一节 背诵填空，一空一词(共5小题；每空0.5分，满分4分)
79. As a , I eat; as a man, I read.
80. Similarly, to our minds, we need information and knowledge, which can be
through reading.
81. Worrying and sleep can lead to failure in tests or exams, which is a big problem for many students.
82. When we difficulties in life, we notice that some of us choose to their heads in the sand.
83. Life is a between work and relaxation.
第二节 单词拼写，根据首字母或汉语意思填空(共6小题；每空0.5分，满分3分)
84. Many people offered their c to us after we won the first prize.
85. There is a lot of e that stress is partly responsible for disease.
86. The book aims to cover all a of city life.
87. I love apples, but I (偶尔地)eat an orange, or drink its juice.
88. It is impolite to (模仿) other people in public places.
89. Suggestions (采纳)by our team members turned out useful.
第三节 书面表达 (满分20分)
假设你是李华，你在重庆的美国朋友Chris喜欢中国文化，特别是戏曲文化。8月5日下午2点将在重庆大剧院上演越剧《梁山伯与祝英台》。请你根据提示，给Chris写封信。
1. 提出邀请 2. 观剧后活动建议（如参观附近美术馆）
越剧：Shaoxing opera 《梁山伯与祝英台》 butterfly lovers
Dear Chris,
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重庆八中2015-2016学年度（下）半期考试高一年级
英语试题 答案
第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分）
1-5. ACABC 6-10. CACAA 11-15. BBCBA 16-20. ACBAA
第二部分 单项填空（共8小题；每小题1分，满分8分）
21-25. BDABC 26-28. CBA
第三部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）
29-31. CDA 32-35. CDDB 36-39. BABD
40-43. DBDD 44-48. BDCEG
第四部分 英语知识运用（共两节，满分45分）
第一节. 完形填空
49-53. DABBC 54-58. AADAC 59-63. BDABC
64-68. CDBAC
第二节. 语法填空
69. travelers 70. a 71. by/on 72. that/which 73. buying
74. that 75. but 76. to go 77. have taken 78. them
第五部分 写作
第一节 背诵填空
79. creature 80. enrich ; obtained 81. lack of 82. encounter; bury
83. balance
第二节 单词拼写
84. congratulations 85. evidence 86. aspects
87. occasionally 88. imitate 89. adopted
Dear Chris,
I have good news to tell you. A famous Shaoxing Opera, Butterfly lovers, which is to be put on in Tianjin Grand Theater at 2:00 pm on August . I know you are enthusiastic about Chinese culture, especially opera culture. This opportunity will not only satisfy your interest in Chinese operas, but also offer you a chance to know more about Chinese culture.
Of course, besides going to the theater, we can visit the museum or the art gallery nearby, which can enrich your knowledge about Chinese traditional operas. I’m sure that we will have a good time.
I’m looking forward to receiving your reply.
Yours,
Li Hua
重庆八中2015-2016学年度（下）半期考试高一年级
历 史 试 卷
一、选择题（本大题共12小题。每小题4分，共48分。在每个小题列出的四个选项中，只有一项是最符合题目要求的。）
1. 在中国古代社会，“国”和“家”对统治者而言是紧密相连的。从政治角度看，古代社会中“国”和“家”的重要联结点是
A．分封制 B．宗法制 C．郡县制 D．郡国并行制
2．历史学者钱穆在《国史大纲》中指出：“秦、汉以来中国政治之长进，即在政府渐渐脱离王室而独立化，王室代表贵族特权之世袭，政府代表平民合理之进退，而宰相为政府领袖，君权、相权，互为节制。”下列最能支持该观点的制度是
A．三公九卿制 B．三省六部制 C．内阁制度 D．军机处制度
3．“但这一战争并没有促使中国人惊醒……他们拒不承认中国在军事上的劣势和在政治上的衰退，这样他们便让自己继续沉睡了二十年。”这段话中的“战争”是指
A．鸦片战争 B．第二次鸦片战争 C．甲午中日战争 D．八国联军侵华
4．鸦片战争后，清政府设置了专门的机构进行对外交涉——五口通商大臣，起初由两广总督兼任，驻广州。1859年，将五口通商大臣移驻上海。1861年划归总理各国事务衙门管
辖。1866年，改称南洋通商大臣，由两江总督兼任。这种转变实质上反映了
A．中国被迫全面对外开放 B．中国中央机构的半殖民地化
C．中国政治近代化的开启 D．中国半殖民地化程度的加深
5.“它可以说是我国近代史上第三个救国救民的方案，不过这个方案是反对西洋化、近代化，与第一第二个方案是背道而驰的。……其惨败代价之大足证我民族要生存绝不可以开倒车。”文中“它”指的是
A．太平天国运动 B．洋务运动 C．戊戌变法 D．义和团运动
6．“6日晚上，举行了专门纪念俄国十月革命的会议。到处都有工人、学生。国民党组织开会庆祝。……第二天……举行了大规模的庆祝活动。会场上到处是国民党旗和写着无产阶级口号的标语牌，还有很多绘有镰刀和斧头的红旗。”这一场景会发生在
A．1919年的北京 B．1926年的广州 C．1931年的瑞金 D．1937年的延安
7. “作为具体的政治历史事件的‘五四爱国运动’最足以构成新文化运动前、后期的分水岭，因为从这一事件开始，新文化运动事实上从比较广义的文化运动的范围中发生某种突破……”下列现象可作为这种“突破”表现的是
A．封建思想的统治地位受到挑战 B．民主与科学的思想深入人心
C．马克思主义成为新思潮的主流 D．新文化运动的阵营日益巩固
8．陈独秀说：中共一大对“党的要求——无产阶级专政——悬在半空，到中共二大时就脚踏实地了，找到了中国实际的联系并决定了党要走的道路。”这是指中共“二大”
A．制定党的最高纲领 B．制定了党的民主革命纲领
C．决定与国民党合作 D．确立了毛泽东的领导地位
9．议会有意识地把王冠连同早已拟好的文件一起呈献……议会还修改了国王加冕誓词，新誓词删去了维护“先王批准的法律和习惯”一段话，改为“根据议会同意的法规”进行统治。议会此举的目的是
A．实行君主立宪制 B．确保议会行使国家主权
C．赋予国王立法权 D．完全摒弃旧有法规法律
10．李剑鸣《美国革命时期对“共和政体”的重新界定》指出美国共和政体“对雅典民主、罗马共和制和英国宪政君主制加以综合吸收和创造性转化的结果”。其具体表现不包括
A．国会成为间接民主的代议制机构 B．赋予了总统独立行使行政权的权力
C．构建了“分权制衡”的政治体制 D．实行中央集权与地方分权的联邦制
11．下表是俄罗斯一咨询机构1990—2006年就“十月革命给俄罗斯人民带来了什么”所作四次调查的结果。这表明俄罗斯人
咨询答案
1990（%）
1997（%）
2004（%）
2006（%）
在俄国各族人民的历史上
开辟了新时期
23
23
30
30
推动了社会经济的发展
26
26
27
30
阻碍了社会的发展
18
19
16
16
是一场灾祸
12
16
14
10
难以回答
21
16
13
13
A．已经淡忘十月革命 B．对十月革命的看法长期一致
C．依然怀有大国情结 D．主要关注十月革命的经济影响
12．在世界近现代史的长河中，崛起过许多叱咤风云的强国，如18世纪确立世界霸主地位的英国，19世纪末确立亚洲强国地位的日本和改革开放以来日益强大的中国。他们发展的道路各不相同，但崛起的原因却惊人的相似。这一共同原因是
A．和平崛起 B．制度创新 C．武力掠夺 D．民主强国
二、综合题（本大题共2小题，共52分）
13.（24分）孙中山是中国民主革命的先行者，其革命的一生给后人留下了宝贵的精神财富。阅读下列材料，回答问题。
材料一 当时的清政府，正如孙中山所形容的那样，像“一座即将倒塌的房屋，整个结构已从根本彻底的腐朽了”，“全国革命的时机，现已成熟”。可见，辛亥革命的发生，是客观情势使然，而不是什么“激进主义思潮”的产物。因此，辛亥革命无疑是中国近代史上的一次飞跃，它推翻了中国最后一个封建王朝，结束了在中国绵延几千年并被奉若神明的君主专制制度，破天荒地宣布了主权属于国民全体，从而扫清了中国社会前进的巨大障碍，使民主共和的思想深入人心，其政治意义是决不能低估的。
——陈其泰《近代史上有关重大是非的两个问题的评价》
材料二 辛亥革命后，某人翻译一本书名叫《平民政治》，但现在却准备易名为《共和政治》后再出版。《国粹学报》过去一段时间销路不畅，但最近改名《共和杂志》，重新变得抢手。
——摘编自徐兆玮《棣秋馆日记》
革命后地方不同了一点，绿营制度没有改变多少……守兵当值的，到时照常上衙门听候差遣。马兵仍照旧把马养在家中。衙门前钟鼓楼每到晚上仍有三五个吹鼓手奏乐……
——沈从文《辛亥革命的一课》
(1)材料一是从什么角度评价辛亥革命的？（2分）根据材料并结合所学知识指出辛亥革命的历史功绩。（6分）
(2)归纳材料二两段材料关于辛亥革命影响的不同看法，对此应如何理解？（12分）你认为在研究历史时应该注意什么？（4分）
14．（28分）中日关系在近代历史中一直处于侵略与被侵略的状态中，循着历史的轨迹揭开这段历史，从中汲取深刻的教训是我们今天的责任。阅读材料，回答问题。
材料一 日本自身有着世界上任何一种文明都没有的一些特点：（1）它自古以来是一种弱势文明，因而它善于模仿和吸收其他文明的长处，……但却又毫无感恩报答之心；（2）日本文化中没有“绝对正义感”，更多的是功利主义，一切都从自己的实际利益出发；（3）日本文化中还有一种非理性的鄙外主义心态，……日本的鄙外主义其矛头往往首指中国。
——马克垚《世界文明史》下
材料二 《义勇军进行曲》问世后，“中华民族到了最危险的时候”的悲愤歌声，便很快就传遍了长城内外、大江南北……甚至在世界上每一个角落，只要有中国人的地方，无论他是那一个民族的中国人，都会有人唱它。……（1937年）9 月 22日，国民党中央通讯社发布了《中共中央为公布国共合作宣言》，该《宣言》强调国共合作对伟大的中华民族的前途有着极为“重大的意义”。
——郑大华《中国近代民族主义与中华民族自我意识的觉醒》
（1）依据材料一和所学知识，指出19世纪末日本侵华的重要事件及其对中国社会造成的影响。（12分）
（2）据材料三并结合所学知识，指出抗日战争的特点。（10分）有学者认为，“抗日战争的胜利是中华民族复兴的枢纽”。结合所学知识，加以说明。（6分）
重庆八中2015—2016学年度高一（下）半期考试
历 史 参 考 答 案
【历史参考答案】
一、 选择题
1——5 BBADD 6——10 BCBAD 11——12 CB
二、综合题
13．(1)角度：政治意义(或民主政治)。（2分）
功绩：结束了中国两千多年的封建君主专制制度；扫清了中国社会前进的巨大障碍，使民主共和思想深入人心；（两点4分必答）促进民族的觉醒；推动民资的发展。（两点任选一点2分）
(2)不同看法：第一段材料反映出民国初期共和观念风行，反映的现象主要发生在城市里的知识分子中；第二段材料反映出辛亥革命并未带来什么变化，反映的现象主要发生在偏远县城的普通民众中。（8分）
理解：辛亥革命具有不彻底性；其影响在不同地区和不同群体中是不一样的，民主共和观念深入人心是一个缓慢而渐进的过程。 （4分）
注意：历史的分析和评价；客观全面的研究与分析。（或全方位分析材料，不能以偏概全。其他答案言之成理即可，但必须体现历史的与客观的两个角度）（4分）
14.（1）事件：1894—1895年甲午中日战争。（2分）
影响：签订了中日《马关条约》；中国的领土主权遭到进一步破坏，侵略势力深入腹地；列强掀起瓜分中国的狂潮，中国半殖民地化程度大大加深；在通商口岸投资设厂，免收内地税，严重阻碍民族资本主义的发展；巨额赔款加重人民负担；各界掀起救亡图存的斗争（如：维新变法）。（任答5点，10分）
(2）特点：全国各族人民、海内外同胞团结抗战；形成以国共合作为基础的抗日民族统一战线；从性质上看，既是反法西斯战争，又是民族解放战争；两个战场相互配合，相互依存；中共起了中流砥柱作用；持久性；（任答5点，共10分）
说明：促进中华民族觉醒，增强中华民族的认同感（激发爱国热情）；取得近代以来反侵略战争的首次完全胜利．提高中国的国际地位，增强民族自信心和自豪感；奠定民主革命胜利的基础，推动民族解放。（6分）
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