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环境保护
(2017·浙江衢州)D
Heritage(遗产)is traditional customs, culture and beliefs(信仰). We use the world “heritage” in many different ways. People talk about their family heritage, their city’s heritage, and their country’s heritage.
Today, heritage is changing. The Internet connects people around the world. In many ways this is a good thing, because we can learn about the heritage of other countries, and we can show our own heritage to the world. However, some people worry that traditional heritage is disappearing. Think about it. In many ways, countries are becoming more and more alike(相似的). In just about every country around the world, you can find MacDonald’s, Nike Shoes, Starbucks coffee, and American movies. Some people think this is a good change, and others don’t like it. You can decide whether or not you think it’s a good thing. However, everyone wants to protect their traditional heritage, and sometimes this is hard. For example, when a new MacDonald’s opens in your town, a traditional restaurant might have to close.
This is why heritage protection is so important. Heritage protection is a simple idea. It means keeping your country’s or your city’s heritage alive. People do this in many ways. The biggest part of heritage protection is probably preserving(保护)old buildings. A few other examples of heritage protection are making sure your children speak your traditional language, and teaching your heritage to children.
The world is changing very fast. This change brings a lot of good things. But as the world is changing, it is important to remember the heritage of our parents and our grandparents.
42. The examples in the second paragraph are used to__________.
A. describe people’s love for heritage
B. show the importance of heritage
C. help people better understand heritage
D. express the writer’s feeling about heritage
43. According to the passage, many countries are becoming_________.
A. great B. similar C. large D. friendly
44. Which of the following is part of heritage protection?
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A. Learning from each other B. Using the Internet
C. Keeping traditional language alive D. Building new houses
45. Which of the following is the writer’s opinion?
A. Heritage is changing a lot nowadays.
B. The Internet connects people around the world.
C. It is important to remember the heritage of our parents.
D. People watch American movies in about every country.
题材：遗产保护
【主旨大意】遗产指传统的风俗习惯、文化和信仰。现在世界变化很快，很多国家都变得类似，所以保护当地的特有的、传统的东西变得非常有必要。
42. C推理判断题。第二段所举的例子是世界上许多国家在很多方面已经变得非常类似，作者举这个例子帮助人们更好地理解遗产。故选C。
43. B 细节理解题。由第二段“In many ways, countries are becoming more and more alike(相似的).”一句可知很多国家变得类似了(similar)。故选B。
44. C 细节理解题。短文第三段“A few other examples of heritage protection are making sure your children speak your traditional language”一句说明确保孩子说他们传统的语言也是一场保护的一部分，和选项C所述一致。故选C。
45. C观点态度题。短文最后一句“it is important to remember the heritage of our parents and our grandparents”说明记得父母亲的遗产是很重要的，和选项C所述一致。故选C。
(2017·浙江嘉兴舟山) B
Around the world, there are about 7,000 National Parks. Most of them cover huge areas of land where nobody lives. However, the National Parks in England include places where people live and work, as well as wild areas where there are few human activities.
The National Parks in England are called “England’s Breathing Spaces” because they are places where people can go to be in the open air, away from the dirt and noise of cities. They provide wonderful scenes of mountains, woods, grasslands and wetlands. And there are
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plenty of activities to do in all of the National Parks in England. Visitors can walk or ride bikes for fun. Many of the parks put on activities for families.
Every year there are about 110 million visitors to the parks, bringing many benefits(益处) to the
areas. At the same time, it creates problems too. First, life can be difficult for local people. Car parks and roads are too crowded. Gift shops and cafes take the place of many everyday shops. Even house prices in some areas can become too high. Besides, country roads can be damaged, for too many people walk, cycle or ride horses on them. Roads can be rebuilt, but then they look less natural. Another big problem to the National Parks is litter. In the parks it is a danger to wild animals. Broken glass can also cause fires by focusing the rays of the sun. Such fires in wild places can be out of control.
____?____ All National Parks in England are making more rules, which tell people how to take good care of their environment. If these rules are followed, the National Parks will be well kept and continue to give pleasure to many people for a very long time.
34. Visitors to the National Parks in England can_______.
A. give food to wild animals B. drive cars on the grasslands
C. enjoy fresh air and peaceful time D. have fun farming with local people
35. The third paragraph mainly tells us_______.
A. the problems of the National Parks B. the pollution caused by visitors
C. the development of the National Parks D. the benefits brought by visitors
36. Which of the following is the best sentence to fill in the blank in Paragraph 4?
A. What can people get B. How can people help
C. What are the National Parks like D. How are the National Parks set up
37. The passage is probably taken from the _______ part of a magazine.
A. transport B. wildlife C. history D. geography
B 题材：环境保护
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【主旨大意】本文是一篇记叙文。文章介绍了英国国家公园地理位置、生态环境和旅游为英国国家公园带来的好处和弊端，并且相关部门已经制定了规则制度，旨在保护包括英国国家公园在内的所有公园的环境。
34. C【解析】细节理解题。根据文章第二段第一句中的away from the dirt and noise of cities可知，英国国家公园是位于一个远离沙尘和城市喧嚣的地方，因此人们到英国国家公园来可以呼吸新鲜的空气和享受平和宁静的时光。故选C。
35. A【解析】段落大意题。根据Every year there are about 110 million visitors to the parks, bringing many benefits(益处) to the areas. At the same time, it creates problems too可知每年到英国国家公园来旅游的游客人数众多，给公园的环境造成了一定的破坏。故选A。
36. B【解析】推理判断题。根据第三段文章罗列了游客旅游对英国国家公园的环境造成的问题以及第四段后说制定了相应制度，说明保护英国国家公园的环境需要有得到大家的帮助。故选B。
37. D【解析】推理判断题。这篇文章主要讲了英国国家公园的位置、生态和环境问题，因此文章应该来自于地理杂志。故选D。
B (2017•江苏苏州)
Last summer, Maria and her mother moved from their house in the countryside to a flat building in Chicago. Maria really liked some things about the city, but she missed her house and yard in the countryside.
One day? Maria was in her flat building when she noticed her neighbor, Mrs. Garcia， carrying a gardening tool and a bag of soil. Maria wondered how Mrs. Garcia was able to garden in the city.
“My mom used to grow the most delicious vegetables, and I know she misses her garden now that we don’t have a yard,” said Maria.
Mrs. Garcia laughed. “I’ll show you,” she said.
Maria thought that Mrs. Garcia would take her to the park, but she took her to the roof (
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屋顶). When the door opened，Maria was surprised to see rows of flowers and vegetables on the roof.
“What a wonderful garden!” said Maria.
Mrs. Garcia told Maria that for a long time the roof was just an empty space. Then some of the people in the building asked the owners to turn it into a community garden. The building owners liked the idea because the plants not only helped to keep the air clean, but they also helped to keep the building cooler during warmer weather.
“I plant flowers in my own place,” Mrs. Garcia said, “but you would be surprised by how different the plants are up here. Some people grow vegetables just like your mom. You can do some of the same things in the city as in the countryside. You just have to be creative!”
28. Which of the following is NOT the advantage of the community garden?
A. It used the empty space well. B. It helped keep the air clean.
C. It helped keep the building cooler. D. It made the building stronger.
29. After Maria visited the garden, she would most probably ask her mom to ______.
A. go back to the countryside B. pick flowers from the garden
C. grow vegetables on the roof D. show her around the park
30. What is the best title for this passage?
A. A Creative Lady B. A Rooftop Garden
C. An Empty Roof D. A Special Building
B 题材：兴趣与爱好
【文章大意】本文是故事类的记叙文。介绍了城市的屋顶花园。同时也提到了该创意的几点好处。本文与八上的第四单元的内容Do it yourself相关。
28. D 【解析】细节理解题。根据文章倒数第二节的第一句话Mrs. Garcia told Maria that for a long time the roof was just an empty space可知A正确；根据该段的最后一句话The building owners liked the idea because the plants not only helped to keep the air clean, but they also helped to keep the building cooler during warmer weather可知B与C正确；本文没有提到D。故选D。
29. C
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【解析】推理判断题。本文先介绍了Maria一家去年从乡下搬到城市后，她妈妈非常惦念乡下的小花园，现在她们没有庭院可种蔬菜了。此次，Maria参观了这个花园后，她最有可能叫她母亲也在屋顶上种蔬菜。故选C。
30. B 【解析】主旨大意题。本文主要介绍了城市的屋顶花园，因此本文的最佳标题是“屋顶花园”。故选B。
C (2017·江苏泰州)
A new rubbish sorting system (垃圾分类系统) has been put into use in Fangchengyuan Community in Beijing. Local people not only sort their rubbish, but also put QR codes (二维码) on it.
“When the rubbish is collected and the codes are seen, I will get reward points to exchange for small gifts and even some money,” one of the local people told reporters. “It’s really creative and encouraging.”
This smart system has been carried out in 350 communities in Beijing. The capital of China has joined a list of cities in the country that take action to support rubbish sorting. For example, Shenzhen and Shanghai have made laws to punish people and organizations for not sorting rubbish correctly.
China produces quite a lot of rubbish every year. Much of the rubbish is buried (填埋) in soil or burned without being sorted. Landfills (填埋场) take up a lot of land and have a risk of polluting the soil and water nearby. And burning rubbish can produce harmful gases. Through rubbish sorting, we can reduce the use of landfills and air pollution.
What’s more, rubbish sorting saves resources, which could bring economic benefits (经济利益). For example, a ton of waste paper can be reused to make about 850 kg of paper, saving 17 trees and 50 percent of water. Because of their benefits, some countries have developed successful sorting systems.
Japan has a strict and detailed system. When people throw away a water bottle, the cap, the wrapper (包装纸) and the bottle itself have to go into three different bins. Every year, families receive special rubbish sorting timetables and directions from their local governments. They are advised to follow the timetables and directions when they throw away rubbish.
In Australia, every family is provided with three rubbish bins—the red lid (盖子) bin for “general waste” like food and plastic bags, the yellow lid bin for “recycling” like steel and glass, and the green lid bin for “green waste” such as grass and leaves. On the streets, the bins are
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printed with pictures of the things that are allowed inside. It makes recycling quite easy.
41. What will local people probably get if they put daily rubbish into the new system in Fangchengyuan Community?
A. A computer. B. A car. C. A lot of money. D. Some small gifts.
42. Which of the following is NOT the consequence (后果) of burying rubbish?
A. Polluting soil. B. Polluting water.
C. Taking up a lot of land. D. Saving resources.
43. Which paragraph discusses the economic benefits of rubbish sorting?
A. Paragraph 3. B. Paragraph 4. C. Paragraph 5. D. Paragraph 6.
44. In Australia, which bin should you put food left after dinner in?
A. The red lid bin. B. The yellow lid bin.
C. The green lid bin. D. The black lid bin.
45. Which of the following is TRUE according to the text?
A. In Australia, the green lid bin is used for all kinds of recyclable (可回收的) wastes.
B. In Japan, all kinds of things for recycling are printed on rubbish bins.
C. Japanese people cannot throw a bottle into a bin unless they move away the wrapper first.
D. Australian people have to obey local timetables and directions to throw away rubbish strictly.
体裁：环境保护
【主旨大意】短文从北京某些社区开始运用智能垃圾分类系统开始，结合日本和澳大利亚说明如何进行垃圾分类，以及垃圾分类对环保的重要性。
41.D【解析】细节理解题。通过第二段中I will get reward points to exchange for small gifts and even some money…可知垃圾分类当地小区的居民可以得到一些小礼物。故选D。
42.D【解析】细节理解题。短文中句子Landfills (填埋场) take up a lot of land and have a risk of polluting the soil and water nearby.可知填埋垃圾占用大量土地、污染土壤和水是填埋垃圾造成的直接后果。故选D。
43.C【解析】段意理解题。段首句子What’s more, rubbish sorting saves resources, which could bring economic benefits (经济利益).提示第5自然段说明的垃圾分类产生的经济利益。故选C。
44. A【解析】细节理解题。短文中句子…the red lid (盖子) bin for “general waste” like food and plastic bags…提示剩饭放在红色盖子的垃圾桶里。故选A。
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45.C【解析】综合理解题。核对各项信息与短文的描述，可知C项与短文句子Japan has a strict and detailed system. When people throw away a water bottle, the cap, the wrapper (包装纸) and the bottle itself have to go into three different bins.“日本人扔一个水瓶子时，要把瓶盖、包装纸和瓶子分别放到三个垃圾箱里”叙述相符。故选C。
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