A
(2017·郑州第三次质量预测)Being raised in a family of teachers, I 1.____________(get) plenty of chances to connect myself with literature since a young age. So I have many stories about me and reading.
It was my father who took me on the road to reading and made me appreciate 2.____________(it) beauty. When I was a little girl, he bought me a book 3.____________(name) Romance of the Three Kingdoms.I was too young to read this difficult work, so my father explained it to me 4.____________(patient). From then on, I started to enjoy reading books.
When I became a middle school student, I began to read some simplified English classics on my own. Sometimes, I would write down my thoughts and 5.____________(feel) and share them with my father. Among all the books that I read during my middle school years, Jane Eyre left the 6.____________(deep) impression on me. I was having some difficulties with my studies at that time, 7.____________Jane Eyre’s persistence(坚持) and courage inspired me a lot. Thanks to my reading habit, I managed 8.____________(overcome) the difficulties of my studies.
Now, I’m a senior high school student and very busy with my studies. But I still keep on reading in my spare time. My mother told me that I should be absorbed 9.____________my studies, but in my point of view, I regard reading as an oasis(绿洲) that can make me relax.
Recently, I thought about the benefits 10.____________reading could bring us. Reading can clear our minds and motivate us. In addition, we may broaden our horizons and gain more knowledge through reading. I hope that my story can inspire you to start your own reading adventure.
[解题导语] 本文主要讲述了作者和阅读之间的故事，鼓励大家多读书。
1．have got/gotten 解析：考查动词时态。since意为“自从”时，主句一般用现在完成时，从句用一般过去时。
2．its 解析：考查代词。修饰名词一般用形容词，故用形容词性物主代词its 修饰名词 beauty, 作定语。
3．named 解析：考查非谓语动词。name 和句子谓语 bought 之间没有连词，故用非谓语动词，且和其逻辑主语 a book 构成动宾关系，故用过去分词作后置定语。
4．patiently 解析：考查副词。副词修饰形容词、副词、动词甚至整个句子，作状语。故用副词 patiently 修饰动词 explained。
5．feelings 解析：考查词性转换。根据 and 可知，此处和thoughts 并列，故用feel的名词的复数形式feelings。
6．deepest 解析：考查形容词的最高级。与 Among all the books 和定冠词 the 呼应，此处用形容词的最高级形式，修饰名词 impression。
7．but 解析：考查连词。根据语境可知，上下文表示逻辑上的转折关系，故用连词 but。
8．to overcome 解析：考查非谓语动词。固定搭配 manage to do sth. 意为“设法完成某事”，故用不定式作宾语。
9．in 解析：考查介词。固定搭配 be absorbed in sth. 意为“专注于某事”，故用介词in。
10．that/which 解析：考查定语从句。that/which 引导定语从句，在从句中作宾语，该从句修饰先行词 the benefits。
B
(2017·大连双基测试)The origin of tea is lost among history and tales. What can be 1.____________(rough) confirmed is that tea originated in the southwest of China. According to ancient stories, the first person 2.____________(discover) the effects of tea is said to be Shennong—the father of agriculture and herbal 3.____________(medical) in China. It 4.____________(say) that Shennong once tried 72 different kinds of poisonous plants in a day and he lay on the ground, barely alive. At this moment, he noticed several rather fragrant leaves 5.____________(drop) from the tree beside him. Out 6.____________curiosity and habit, Shennong put the leaves into his mouth and chewed 7.____________ slowly. After a little while, he felt well and 8.____________(energy) again. So he picked more leaves to eat 9.____________thus cleared his body from poison.
The ancient Chinese medical book called Shennong Bencaojing states that “Tea tastes bitter. Drinking it, one can think quicker, sleep 10.____________(little), move more swiftly, and see more clearly.” This then was the earliest book to record the medicinal effects of tea.
[解题导语] 本文介绍了“茶”的起源。
1．roughly 解析：考查副词。副词修饰动词。故填 roughly “粗略地”。
2．to discover 解析：考查非谓语动词。不定式短语作后置定语。故填 to discover。
3．medicine 解析：考查词性转换。形容词 herbal “药草的”修饰名词。故填 medicine。herbal medicine 意为“草药”。
4．is said 解析：考查被动语态。根据语境可知，据说神农曾一天之内尝试了72种不同的有毒植物。It is said that意为“据说……”。
5．dropping 解析：考查非谓语动词。根据语境可知，此时，他注意到几片芳香的叶子正从他旁边的树上掉落下来。空处强调“正在掉落”，故用 drop 的现在分词形式。
6．of 解析：考查介词。短语 out of curiosity 意为“出于好奇”。
7．them 解析：考查代词。根据语境可分析出，空处指代 and 前的leaves, 指咀嚼“它们”。故填 them。
8．energetic 解析：考查词性转换。感官动词felt 后应用形容词，故填 energetic。
9．and 解析：考查连词。该空前后表示顺承关系，故用and。
10．less 解析：考查比较级。此处与文中的“think quicker”和“move more swiftly, and see more clearly”为并列结构，故填less。
C
(2017·广西重点高中二模)In human history, many ancient and splendid civilizations were born and died. China is the only country 1.____________uninterrupted human civilization. Chinese civilization was born on the shores of the Yellow River. And the rich land 2.____________Chinese civilization began is Henan Province.
The Yellow River goes across 3.____________(center) Henan. It is China’s main north－to－south and east－to－west artery(干线)．China’s most ancient tribal 4.____________(lead)，the Yellow Emperor and the Yan Emperor, were born here. Even today, Chinese people all over the world still 5.____________(proud) call themselves the descendants(后裔) of these two emperors.
The river holds 6.____________unshakable position in the heart of every Chinese, 7.____________(respect) by every generation and called “the Mother River”. With intelligence, hard work and determination, Chinese descendants pursue co－existence and common prosperity on this land. The 5，446－km－long Yellow River breaks the last barrier and flows into the broad plain, 8.____________(form) the cradle(摇篮) of Chinese civilization.
Till now，the Yellow River 9.____________(raise) 13 dynasties’ capital Luoyang, 8 dynasties’ capital Kaifeng and the biggest economic center in 10.____________ (it) area—Zhengzhou.
[解题导语] 本文是一篇说明文，介绍了黄河对早期黄河流域人类文明产生的深远影响。
1．with 解析：考查介词。中国是唯一一个拥有未被打断过的人类文明的国家。此处表示“有”，故填介词with。
2．where 解析：考查关系副词。这片孕育了中华文明的肥沃土地就位于河南省。分析句子结构可知，空处在此引导定语从句，且在从句中作地点状语，故填 where。
3．central 解析：考查词性转换。空处位于专有名词Henan 前面，应填一个形容词作定语，表示“中心的”。故填center的形容词形式central。
4．leaders 解析：考查名词。中国最早的部落首领炎黄二帝诞生于此。根据句意可知，此处应填复数名词leaders “首领，领袖”。
5．proudly 解析：考查词性转换。空处修饰动词call，故用副词proudly。
6．an 解析：考查冠词。黄河在每一个中国人心中的地位都是不可动摇的。position “位置”是可数名词，此处表泛指，故填不定冠词；且空处位于发音以元音音素开头的单词前，故填an。
7．respected 解析：考查非谓语动词。黄河受每代人的尊敬，被称为“母亲河”。分析句子结构可知，respect与The river之间为逻辑上的动宾关系，故用过去分词作后置定语。故填respected。
8．forming 解析：考查非谓语动词。5 446公里长的黄河冲破了最后的壁垒，流入广袤的平原之中，形成了中华文明的摇篮。分析句子结构可知，form与句子主语之间是逻辑上的主谓关系，故用现在分词作结果状语。
9．has raised 解析：考查动词的时态。黄河孕育了13朝古都洛阳，8朝古都开封以及其流域内最大的经济中心——郑州。由句中的时间状语可知，此处应用现在完成时强调过去的动作对现在造成的影响。
10．its 解析：考查代词。分析句子结构可知，空处在句中作定语，修饰 area，此处应用形容词性物主代词，故填its。
D
(2017·武汉高中毕业生调研)Sending gifts varies greatly from country to country. In Australia, Canada, the United States 1.____________European countries, sending gifts is rarely expected. While seen as a nice gesture, it is more important to avoid 2.____________(give) highly personal gifts such as clothing. When visiting the home of a colleague from one of these 3.____________(country), it is normally appropriate to bring a gift to the hostess.
In America, 4.____________(expense) gifts are definitely out. A good 5.____________ (choose) is to take the deserving person to dinner, or to 6.____________entertainment or a sporting event. 7.____________the contrary, gift giving is a traditional custom in Japan. In Japan the proper gift is thought 8.____________(express) the giver’s true friendship, gratitude and respect far 9.____________(well) than words can. So if you plan to visit Japan or to have any Japanese visit you here, be prepared.
Australia is known for its friendliness and informality. So modest gifts, such
as a diary, a paperweight, or a coffee cup might 10.____________(present) to a friend. At a trade show, T－shirts, ties, baseball caps, or a pin may be appropriate souvenirs. Anything more than these types of gifts could cause embarrassment.
[解题导语] 本文是一篇说明文，介绍了美国、日本、澳大利亚等国不同的送礼物习惯。
1．and 解析：考查连词。根据空前的“Australia, Canada, the United States” 和空后的“European countries”可知，空处前后为并列关系，故用并列连词 and。
2．giving 解析：考查动名词。avoid doing sth.为固定搭配，意为“避免做某事”，故填giving。
3．countries 解析：考查名词的数。根据空前的 these 可知，可数名词 country 应当用复数形式。
4．expensive 解析：考查形容词。空处修饰后面的名词 gifts，故用形容词形式。
5．choice 解析：考查名词。根据空前的形容词 good 和不定冠词 A 可以判断，空处应用名词的单数形式。
6．an 解析：考查不定冠词。该处泛指“一次娱乐活动”，entertainment的读音以元音音素开头，故用an。
7．On 解析：考查固定搭配。on the contrary为固定搭配，意为“与此相反”。
8．to express 解析：考查动词不定式。此处表示“在日本，恰当的礼物被认为表达了送礼物者真正的友谊”。be thought to do sth.为固定搭配，意为“被认为……”，故用动词不定式。
9．better 解析：考查比较级。根据空后的 than 可知，该处用 well 的比较级。
10．be presented 解析：考查被动语态。该句主语 modest gifts 和动词 present 之间是被动关系，故用被动语态。
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