河北衡水中学2018-2019学年度上学期高三年级期中考试
英语试卷
本试卷共150分，考试时间120分钟。
第一部分 听力（共两节，满分20分）
第一节（共5小题；每小题1分，满分5分）
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. Where does the man want to go?
A. A railway station. B. A post office. C. The seaside.
2. What happened to the woman?
A. She woke up late.
B. She got to work late.
C. She went to sleep late.
3. What is the woman doing now?
A. Baking cookies. B. Making a list. C. Shopping for groceries.
4. How does the woman feel about the zoo?
A. Sad. B. Impressed. C. Disappointed.
5. What are the speakers mainly talking about?
A. Young people lose their jobs easily.
B. Young people are too quick in making decisions.
C. Young people seldom stay long in the same job.
第二节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6. When will the man start his new job?
A. Tomorrow. B. Next week. C. Next month.
7. Why is the man paying for the woman’s lunch?
A. She helped him a lot.
B. It is his turn to pay.
C. He wants to congratulate her.
听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。
8. What is Anna’s chemistry grade now?
A. B. B. B+. C. D.
9. When does Anna’s study group meet?
A. After school.
B. On the weekends.
C. During lunch hour.
10. Who is Anna speaking to?
A. A study group member.
B. Her teacher.
C. Her father.
听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。
11. How old was Jonathan’s mother when she started doing laundry?
A. 8 years old. B. 10 years old. C. 16 years old.
12. Which temperature will Jonathan use for now?
A. Hot. B. Cold. C. Warm.
13. What is the “light” spin cycle used for?
A. Jeans and towels.
B. Most of Jonathan’s clothes.
C. Sheets and pillow cases.
听第9段材料，回答第14至16题。
14. Which decorations are on the sofa?
A. The Christmas ones.
B. The Halloween ones.
C. The Thanksgiving ones.
15. What did the man use to get the box out?
A. A pole. B. A chair. C. A ladder.
16. Where might the conversation take place?
A. In the basement.
B. In the bedroom.
C. In the living room.
听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。
17. What does the Golden Rule ask people to do?
A. Develop personal rules.
B. Respect their families and ancestors.
C. Treat others as they wish to be treated.
18. Which is a teaching of Confucius?
A. Governments should be moral.
B. Husbands should respect wives.
C. People should memorize rules of behavior.
19. How did Confucius teach lessons?
A. Through arguments.
B. Through reasoning.
C. Through personal examples.
20. What does the speaker say about Confucius’ influence?
A. He used to be even more important.
B. He has influenced many cultures.
C. He has little effect on people today.
第二部分 阅读理解(共两节，满分40分)sdzxlm
第一节 (共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
Rain beat against the window, matching my mood. I should have known that my new job at the hospital was too good to be true. Throughout the day, rumors (传言) warned that the newest employee from each department would be laid off. I was the newest one in the training department.
My boss appeared. “You probably know we’re cutting back,” he said. “Administration wants us to offer outplacement classes to help those employees find other jobs, showing them how to act in an interview, for example.” “Fine,” I answered unwillingly, not knowing what else to say.
I decided to go home early that day. In the hall, I met the lady who brought us cookies every Friday. She was a little woman with gray hair. Only her head and the top of her green apron were visible over the cart (小车) loaded with cleaning supplies. At least she had a job!
At the final meeting, laid-off workers formed a line at the door. A colleague whispered, “I can’t believe our Cookie Lady is being laid off. We’ll miss her as much as we’ll miss her cookies.” When the colleague spoke to her in Spanish, I knew my classes would be useless for her and I realized how much better off was than this poor woman.
I decided to do something for her. I wrote to a newspaper expressing how I felt about the unselfishness of the Cookie Lady who needed a job. A few days later, my article appeared in the newspaper and the Cookie Lady was allowed to stay in her position. On the same day, I received a letter, which seemed so unlikely that I read it twice. “An editor of a local magazine likes your piece and wants you to call her next time you’re looking for work …”
1. How did the author feel on that rainy day?
A. Nervous. B. Excited.
C. Awkward. D. Proud.
2. What was the author asked to do?
A. Take care of patients. B. Leave earlier that day.
C. Resign from the hospital. D. Help the laid-off workers.
3. How did the author help the Cookie Lady?
A. He offered her a high-paid job.
B. He gave her advice on job hunting.
C. He made her story known to others.
D. He taught her how to pass an interview.
4. What does the story tell us?
A. Good deeds have their rewards.
B. A friend in need is a friend indeed.
C. Little people can make a big difference.
D. Love brings more joy to people than work does.
【答案】1. A 2. D 3. C 4. A
【解析】
本文为故事类。作者作为新人，面临着公司的裁员，作者因为写了关于一个需要一份工作来养家糊口的女士的事故，让其得到工作，而自己的文章也得到了本地杂志的邀请信。作者在的经历告诉我们：善行总归有好报的。
【1题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第一段最后一句Throughout the day, rumors (传言) warned that the newest employee from each department would be laid off. I was the newest one in the training department.可知，在这个雨天，因为作者的单位正在减员，“谣传每个部门的最新雇员将被解雇。我是培训部最新的一个作者也是其中之一”，所以作者的心里应当是很紧张的，分析选可知A正确 。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段老板的话Administration wants us to offer outplacement classes to help those employees find other jobs, showing them how to act in an interview, for example可知，老板想请他给下岗工人上课，告诉他们在面试中如何做，即帮助那些下岗工作找到新工作，分析选项可知D项符合题意，故选D项。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。根据第五段首句“.I decided to do something for her. I wrote to a newspaper expressing how I felt about the unselfishness of the Cookie Lady who needed a job”可知作者写信给一家报纸，写了有关这位女士的故事，分析选项可知C项正确。
【4题详解】
推理判断题。本文作者面临着公司对新人的裁员，作者因为写了关于一个需要一份工作来养家糊口的女士的事故，让其得到工作，而自己的文章也得到了本地杂志的邀请信。这说明了善行总归有好报的。分析选项，A. Good deeds have their rewards. 善行必有回报。B. A friend in need is a friend indeed. 患难朋友才是真朋友。C. Little people can make a big difference.小人物大作为。D. Love brings more joy to people than work does. 爱带给人们更多的快乐，而不是工作。可知A符合题意。
B
At your next meeting, wait for a pause in conversation and try to measure how long it lasts.
Among English speakers, chances are that it will be a second or two at most. But while this pattern may be universal, our awareness of silence differs dramatically across cultures.
What one culture considers a confusing or awkward pause may be seen by others as a valuable moment of reflection and sign of respect for what the last speaker has said. Research in Dutch and also in English found that when a silence in conversation stretches to four seconds, people start to feel uneasy. In contrast, a separate study of business meetings found that Japanese people are happy with silences of 8.2 seconds — nearly twice as long as in Americans’ meetings.
In Japan, it is recognized that the best communication is when you don’t speak at all. It’s already a failure to understand each other by speaking because you’re repairing that failure by using words.
In the US, it may originate from the history of colonial (殖民地) America as a crossroads of many different races. When you have a complex of difference, it’s hard to establish common understanding unless you talk and there’s understandably a kind of anxiety unless people are verbally engaged to establish a common life. This applies also to some extent to London.
In contrast, when there’s more homogeneity, perhaps it’s easier for some kinds of silence to appear. For example, among your closest friends and family it’s easier to sit in silence than with people you’re less well acquainted with.
5. Which of the following people might have the longest silence in conversation?
A. The Dutch. B. Americans.
C. The English. D. The Japanese.
6. What might the Japanese agree with in a conversation?
A. Speaking more gives the upper hand.
B. Speak out what you have in your mind.
C. Great minds think alike without words.
D. The shorter talking silence, the better.
7. What can we learn from the text?
A. A four second silence in conversation is universal.
B. It’s hard for Americans to reach a common agreement.
C. English speakers are more talkative than Japanese speakers.
D. The closer we and our family are, the easier the silence appears.
8. What does the underlined word “homogeneity” in the last paragraph mean?
A. Similarity. B. Contradiction.
C. Diversity. D. Misunderstanding.
【答案】5. D 6. C 7. D 8. A
【解析】
试题分析：本文主要讲述了谈话中的沉默文化。尽管交谈中出现停顿是普遍存在的，但我们对沉默的认识在不同的文化中有着巨大的差异。不同的文化中沉默时间不同，对于沉默的看法也不同。相比而言，亲密的朋友和家人之间更容易出现沉默。
【5题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段首句“Among English speakers, chances are that it will be a second or two at most.”第三段最后两句“Research in Dutch (荷兰语)and also in English found that when a silence in conversation stretches to four seconds, people start to feel uneasy. In contrast, a separate study of business meetings found that Japanese people are happy with silences of 8.2 seconds---nearly twice as long as in Americans’ meetings.”可知，日本人可能在谈话中有最长沉默。故选D。
【6题详解】
推理判断题。根据第四段首句“In Japan, it is recognized that the best communication is when you don’t speak at all.”可知，在日本，一般认为最好的交流是一句话不说的时候。因此推断日本人认为“伟大的心灵，无言而思”。故选C。
【7题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章最后一句“For example, among your closest friends and family it’s easier to sit in silence than with people you’re less well acquainted with.”可知，亲密的人之间更容易出现沉默，因此我们和家人越亲密，沉默越容易出现。故选D。
【8题详解】
词句猜测题。根据下文的举例可知，越亲密的人，越容易出现沉默，因此推断画线句句意是：相比而言，当有更多相似时，也许沉默更容易出现。故画线词意思与similarlity意义相近。故选A。
【名师点睛】
推理判断试题属于高层次阅读理解题。这种题型包括判断题和推理题。推理题要求在理解原文表面文字信息的基础上，作出一定判断和推论，从而得到文章的隐含意义和深层意义。推理题所涉及的内容可能是文中某一句话，也可是某几句话，但做题的指导思想都是以文字信息为依据，既不能做出在原文中找不到文字根据的推理，也不能根据表面文字信息做多步推理。也就是说，要做到判断有据, 推论有理, 忠实原文。切忌用自己的观点代替作者的本意，切忌片面思考，得出片面结论。例如小题3：
【解题剖析】此题属于推理判断题，推断合理信息。答案需要从文章的最后一句“For example, among your closest friends and family it’s easier to sit in silence than with people you’re less well acquainted with.”进行推断。
【答案定位】根据文章最后一句“For example, among your closest friends and family it’s easier to sit in silence than with people you’re less well acquainted with.”亲密的人之间更容易出现沉默，因此推断我们和家人越亲密，沉默越容易出现。
【推理关系】题干What can we learn from the text?☞文章内容among your closest friends and family it’s easier to sit in silence than with people you’re less well acquainted with.
【答案】☞D选项The closer we and our family are, the easier the silence appears。
C
Next month, I’m traveling to a remote area of Central Africa and my aim is to know enough Lingala — one of the local languages — to have a conversation. I wasn’t sure how I was going to manage this — until I discovered a way to learn all the vocabulary I’m going to need. Thanks to Memrise, the app I’m using. It feels just like a game.
“People often stop learning things because they feel they’re not making progress or because it all feels like too much hard work,” says Ed Cooke, one of the people who created Memrise. “We’re trying to create a form of learning experience that is fun and is something you’d want to do instead of watching TV.”
Memrise gives you a few new words to learn and these are “seeds” which you plant in your “greenhouse”. When you practice the words, you “water your plants”. When the app believes that you have really remembered a word, it moves the word to your “garden”. And if you forget to log on (登录)，the app sends you emails that remind you to “water your plants”.
The app uses two principles about learning. The first is that people remember things better when they link them to a picture in their mind. Memrise translates words into your own language, but it also encourages you to use “mems”. For example, I memorized motele, the Lingala word for “engine”, using a mem I created — I imagined an old engine in a motel (汽车旅馆) room.
The second principle is that we need to stop after studying words and then repeat them again
later, leaving time between study sessions. Memrise helps you with this, because it’s the kind of app you only use for five or ten minutes a day.
I’ve learnt hundreds of Lingala words with Memrise. I know this won’t make me a fluent speaker, but I hope I’ll be able to do more than just smile when I meet people in Congo. Now, I need to go and water my Vocabulary!
9. What does Ed Cooke make an effort to do with Memrise?
A. Create memorable experiences.
B. Make progress with hard work.
C. Master languages through games.
D. Combine study with entertainment.
10. What do the underlined words “water your plants” in Paragraph 3 refer to?
A. Learning new words.
B. Being a Memrise user.
C. Logging on to the app.
D. Taking care of your garden.
11. How does Memrise work?
A. By linking different mems together.
B. By putting knowledge into practice.
C. By offering human translation services.
D. By applying an associative memory approach.
12. What is the author’s attitude towards Memrise?
A. Positive. B. Doubtful.
C. Uncaring. D. Disapproving.
【答案】9. D 10. A 11. D 12. A
【解析】
【分析】
本文为应用说明文。作者介绍了一种学习应用程序Memrise，这是一种寓教于乐的学习单词的方法，主要运用联想记忆，通过游戏的方式来完成的。
【9题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第一段Thanks to Memrise, the app I’m using. It feels just like a game.可知，
Memrise我正在使用的应用程序。感觉就像是一场游戏。第二和第三段叙述Memrise是一种有趣的学习体验，即把娱乐和想要学习的东西结合在一起的体验，以及它是如何操作。分析选项可知D项符合题意。
【10题详解】
猜测词意题。根据第三段的内容可知，MeMeLead给你一些新单词来学习，这些是你在“温室”中种植的“种子”。当你练习单词时，你就是在“浇灌你的植物”。由此可知，练习单词，“就是浇灌你的植物” ，由引可推断出“water your plants”即在学习新单词，故选A。
【11题详解】
推理判断题。根据第五段的The app uses two principles about learning. The first is that people remember things better when they link them to a picture in their mind…For example, I memorized motele, the Lingala word for “engine”, using a mem I created — I imagined an old engine in a motel (汽车旅馆) room.. 句意“应用程序使用两个关于学习的原则。首先，运用联想记忆，他们会记得更好…例如，我记住了motele，Lingala的“引擎”一词，使用我创建的一个mem——我想象着汽车旅馆（汽车旅馆）房间里的一个旧引擎 ”。由此可知Memrise是通过运用联想记忆的方法来进行学习的。分析选项可知D项符合题意。
【12题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段可知，作者叙述了自己运用Memrise应用程序学习好几百的林加拉语，希望自己与当地人相遇时可以用当地语言来交流。现在要去用Memrise来学习单词。由此可推断出作者认为这个程序对自己有益，所以对此抱积极的态度。分析选项可知A正确。
【点睛】在阅读中我们经常会遇到许多生词。这时许多同学立即翻阅词典，查找词义。这样做不但费时费力，而且影响阅读速度、影响对语篇的整体把握。事实上，阅读材料中的每个词与它前后的词语或句子甚至段落都有联系。我们可以利用语境（各种已知信息）推测、判断某些生词的词义。例如第2小题词意猜测题。根据第三段的内容可知，MeMeLead给你一些新单词来学习，这些是你在“温室”中种植的“种子”。当你练习单词时，你就是在“浇灌你的植物”。由此可知，练习单词，“就是浇灌你的植物” ，由引可推断出“water your plants”即在学习新单词，故选A。
D
Shopping for and choosing clothes is challenging enough. But imagine if you were unable to use your arms to do anything, or used a wheelchair.
The conditions are reality for four people who became the “customers” of 15 students at Parsons
School of Design at the New School this year. The students spent their spring term creating clothing to fit their customers’ unique requirements as part of a class run by Open Style Lab, a nonprofit organization whose aim is to design functional and fashionable clothing for people with disabilities.
“Disability overlaps (关联、一致) with aging and universal design,” said Grace Jun, the director of the program. “We need to see it as part of our life cycle. It’s something that we need to not only see from a human rights standpoint but also for its economic value.”
“I’m always looking at me being the problem and the clothing as being OK,” said Kieran Kern, who gets around in a wheelchair. When Ms. Kern approached Open Style Lab, she was looking for a coat that would be easy to put on with the limitations of a weaker body. Her team came up with a design with a circular rod (杆) that runs through the collar and allows Ms. Kern to swing the coat across her back with one hand.
“The idea of having a coat that sees the parts that make me as just parts and not as a problem that I need to solve was really liberating in an identity sense,” Ms. Kern said. “Because generally, when you have a different body, you don’t really see yourself.”
“I think the challenges the students faced throughout the course had a lot to do with the exchange of ideas,” Ms. Jun said. “They were able to understand that no two people with a disability are alike. Being able to design uniquely means you have to have a collaborative (合作) process. We’re designing with each other, not for.”
13. What does the underlined word “it” in Paragraph 3 refer to?
A. Aging. B. Disability.
C. Design. D. The program.
14. What did the students find challenging according to Ms. Jun?
A. Creativity in fashion design.
B. Interpersonal communication.
C. Making clothing part of a wearer.
D. Meeting the needs of the disabled.
15. What would be the best title for the text?
A. Open Style Lab
B. A new fashion industry
C. Disability is no longer a problem
D. Designs that do more than meet the eye
【答案】13. B 14. B 15. D
【解析】
【分析】
本文为应用说明文。主要叙述了帕森斯设计学院在新学校开设了一门课程，在春季学期创作出符合顾客独特要求的服装，并介绍了在设计过程中出现的问题。
【13题详解】
猜测词义题。根据第三段的前部分Disability overlaps (关联、一致) with aging and universal design,” said Grace Jun, the director of the program. “We need to see it as part of our life cycle. 本句指“残疾与老化和通用设计有联系”，该项目的负责人Grace Jun说。“我们需要把它看作是我们生命周期的一部分|”。为了避免重复，我们常常把上文提过的事用代词来代替。本句中上文说残疾是与老化及通用设计有关，所以下文提到时便用it 来替代它，因此选B项。
【14题详解】
细节理解题。根据第六段前两句.“I think the challenges the students faced throughout the course had a lot to do with the exchange of ideas,” Ms. Jun said. “They were able to understand that no two people with a disability are alike.可知，Jun女士说：“我认为学生在整个课程中所面临的挑战与思想交流有很大关系。”“他们能够理解，没有两个残疾的人是一样的”。由此可知，学生面临的挑战就是交流问题。分析选项可知B项符合题意。
【15题详解】
主旨大意题。通读本文可知，本文介绍帕森斯设计学院在新学校开设了一门课程，在春季学期创造出符合顾客独特要求的服装。文中以给Kern女士设计衣服为例，说明设计的衣服要适合具体的残疾人，因为每个残疾人都是不同的（They were able to understand that no two people with a disability are alike. Being able to design uniquely means you have to have a collaborative (合作) process.）。所以要设计出独一无二的实用的衣服。本文中多处出现设计衣服（designs）。故选D项。
【点睛】选择标题在英语阅读理解中属于主旨大意题，是一种深层理解题。要求考生在通读全文的基础上，认真分析文章大意及作者的写作意图。通常情况下，标题要有根据性，针对性和醒目性的特点。所谓概括性，就是指标题应最大程度上覆盖全文，囊括文章的主要内容，体现文章的主题。针对性就是对标题外延的一种界定，标题要直接指向文章的主要特点。而醒目性是为了吸引了读者的注意，唤起读者对文章阅读的兴趣。
确定最佳标题的方法。在阅读文章时，要注意文章中反复出现的或强调的信息，寻找与文章大多数内容相关的信息。找出覆盖全文的核心词汇，看选项内容是否切中文章的中心论题。也就是要看选项内容与作者的写作目的是否一致。如第3小题，文章反复出现的单词是design，这与选项D中的designs相照应。
寻找文章的主题句。文章主要论题的关键是找到文章的主题句。主题句通常在文章的首段，也可能在文章的末段，在文章的某一段落，或分散在文章的各个段落中。如果每个段落都有主题句，那么把各段落的主题句的中心集中起来，即为全文的主题句。本文的中心句在最后一段 “They were able to understand that no two people with a disability are alike. Being able to design uniquely means you have to have a collaborative (合作) process.”可知，答案是D项。
第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为多余选项。
Spreading smiles at Birchwood
When Ava McCarver was in kindergarten, her class visited a nursing home (疗养院). Ava learned that many of the residents (住户) there receive few visitors. ___16___ “I asked my mom if I could visit them,” she says. Soon, Ava and her mom became volunteers at Birchwood Health Care Center.
That was six years ago. ___17___ She enjoys hanging out with Mary, Shirley and other residents during her twice-monthly visits. “I paint their nails, and I talk to a lot of them,” she says. Sometimes she helps lead craft (手工艺) projects. Other times they play card games. “It’s good for the residents to see little kids,” Ava says. “That makes them really happy.”
___18___ She has raised money for the nursing home by making refrigerator decorations and selling them at a craft fair. She has also collected used puzzles from garage sales and donated them to Birchwood.
Ava wrote a book called The Squirrel Family. In the book, two squirrels raise a family and eventually move into a place called Birchwood where they live happily. ___19___ Ten stores in her city agreed to display the books, along with a can to collect money. Ava’s project raised about $750. Birchwood used that money to buy furniture for the residents.
Ava says she enjoyed the look of “pure joy” on a resident’s face after a hug from her. That’s why she started visiting Birchwood — to bring happiness to others. ___20___ “It’s really fun,” she says.
“They have good stories, and I enjoy my time there.”
A. She decided to take action.
B. But she has gained happiness for herself, too.
C. Since then, Ava has made many friends at Birchwood.
D. Ava used her book to raise money for the nursing home.
E. Birchwood needs more volunteers for its craft project.
F. Ava has found some creative ways to help her friends at Birchwood.
G. Ava’s book has achieved a great success and earned a large amount of money for her.
【答案】16. A 17. C
18. F 19. D
20. B
【解析】
【分析】
本文为故事类。文中讲述了Ava因为在幼儿园参观了伯奇伍德养老院后萌发了去那儿看望老人。一直坚持去那儿，与那儿的人们交朋友，为它们筹集资金，帮助他们。她这样不仅给养老院的人们带来快乐，也给自己带来幸福。
【16题详解】
考查对上下文的理解及推理判断能力。根据本空后的内容“Ava问妈妈能不能去拜访伯奇伍德养老院的老人们。不久，Ava和她的妈妈成为了伯奇伍德保健中心的志愿者。”由此可知那时她就决定行动。分析选项可知A项（她决定采取行动）符合题意，故选A项。
【17题详解】
考查对上下文的理解及推理判断能力。根据第二段的内容可知，从六年前，Ava去养老院内看望人们，与他们玩纸牌等，可知，这都像是朋友一起做的事。分析选项可知，C项（从那时起，阿瓦就在伯奇伍德交了很多朋友）符合题意，故选C项。
【18题详解】
考查对上下文的理解及推理判断能力。根据空后的内容，Ava用了许多的方法来帮助他们，如通过制作冰箱装饰品并在工艺品展览会上出售来为朋友们筹集资金，为他们搜集拼图等，由此可知Ava找到了许多方法来帮助朋友。分析选项可知F项（Ava找到了一些创造性的方式来帮助她在Birchwoo的朋友们。）符合题意，故选F项。
【19题详解】
考查对上下文的理解及推理判断能力。本段的中心词就是Ava的书。主要叙述Ava写了一本书，通过销售她的书的同时为养老院募捐。分析选项可知D项（娃用她的书为养老院募捐）符合题意，并且本选项与本段中有许多词的复现，如book等，且意义复现有多处。故选D项。
【20题详解】
考查对上下文的理解及推理判断能力。根据上文“这就是为什么她开始拜访伯奇伍德，因为这给别人带来快乐”，及下文说这种做法也让自己很快乐。由此可知，拜访伯奇伍德不仅给他人快乐，也给自己带来快乐。分析选项可知B项（但她也为自己赢得了快乐）符合题意。故选B项。
【点睛】七选五题型看似简单，实际上有时完全作对并不容易，需要方法和分析能力及足够的耐力，有必要进行专门练习。
（1）快速浏览一遍七个备选答案，先确定哪个选项适合放在文章的什么位置。
(２)看首段，跳过空格快速通读全篇，了解文章大意。
（3）精读空格前后两句，利用各种衔接手段选择正确的选项填入空格。七选五空出的是整个句子，而这些句子与句子之间，必然有一种联系，因此我们可以通过选项中某个名词或动词跟空前或空后的一致性或者相关性来确定这两个句子之间有一种关联性，从而选择正确的答案。如第1小题根据本空后的内容“Ava问妈妈能不能去拜访伯奇伍德养老院的老人们。不久，Ava和她的妈妈成为了伯奇伍德保健中心的志愿者。”由此可知那时她决定行动。分析选项可知A项（她决定采取行动）符合题意。
（4）看选项，找出与空前空后句中心词同义，近义或相关性的词语。实现关键词的对接，先易后难，各个突破。此外要通过句子的逻辑关系或句子的标点来判断该句在文章的位置。通过阅读选项，有可能根据选项中的关键词找出正确选项。如第4小题所在的段的中心词就是Ava的书。主要叙述Ava写了一本书，通过销售她的书的同时为养老院募捐。分析选项可知D项（娃用她的书为养老院募捐）符合题意，并且本选项与本段中有许多词的复现，如book等，且意义复现有多处。故选D项。
第三部分 语言知识运用（共三节，满分55分）
第一节（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）
阅读下面的短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Draper, the owner of a secondhand bookstore, was sorting through a pile of old books when an envelope fell from one. Inside was an undated ___21___ and a faded photo of a woman holding a little
girl on her lap. The letter said if Bethany was ___22___ it, it meant the author had died.
Tears were welling up in Draper’s eyes. These were a ___23___ woman’s last words to her child. He had to ___24___ Bethany. “Whoever it is will ___25___ this,” he thought. “You wouldn’t ___26___ a letter like that.”
He supposed if the ___27___ ended up in his shop then Bethany was likely from around Bishop Auckland. And he thought he ___28___ recognized the little girl’s face. Even if she’d since left the area, there might be someone in town who would recognize the ___29___.
He started with the local newspaper. The Northern Echo ran the story of the ___30___ letter.
___31___, Bethany Gash, now 21 and a(n) ___32___ herself, was on Facebook about 10 miles away when a close friend messaged her to check out the ___33___. As she read her mother’s ___34___, words she thought had been lost forever, she said she thought she must be ___35___.
Gash was only 4 when her mother ___36___. Five years later, her family moved to a new home and the letter, put away in the pages of a book for safe keeping, was unintentionally ___37___.
She remembers unpacking and looking for the letter, and then ___38___ searching through everything in hopes that it was there. “That’s when I realized it was ___39___ gone by now and I’d never see it again,” she said.
Draper ___40___ the letter in person. He also brought her a children’s book for her son. Gash was greatly moved to have the letter back, and also touched by the stranger’s kindness.
21. A. message B. email C. postcard D. letter
22. A. reading B. destroying C. forgetting D. copying
23. A. determined B. kind C. selfish D. dying
24. A. find B. introduce C. phone D. comfort
25. A. enjoy B. avoid C. want D. like
26. A. tear open B. cut up C. throw away D. pull out
27. A. girl B. book C. reporter D. news
28. A. hardly B. actually C. unfortunately D. accidentally
29. A. author B. teacher C. picture D. stranger
30. A. lost B. valuable C. wet D. broken
31. A. Meanwhile B. Therefore C. However D. Eventually
32. A. editor B. mother C. daughter D. assistant
33. A. ticket B. magazine C. article D. homework
34. A. vocabularies B. terms C. languages D. words
35. A. writing B. joking C. playing D. dreaming
36. A. came back B. passed away C. died out D. calmed down
37. A. donated B. burned C. dirtied D. robbed
38. A. secretly B. suddenly C. madly D. regularly
39. A. almost B. never C. still D. long
40. A. kept B. delivered C. composed D. published
【答案】21. D 22. A 23. D 24. A 25. C 26. C 27. B 28. B 29. C 30. A 31. A 32. B 33. C 34. D 35. D 36. B 37. A 38. C 39. D 40. B
【解析】
这篇短文介绍Draper意外地得到一封去世母亲临终前给女儿留的信，经过报纸的报道找到了女儿，并还给了她。
【21题详解】
考查名词辨析及上下文推理。句意：里面是一个无日期的信,一个褪色的照片,一个女人拿着一个小女孩在她的大腿上。A. message信息；B. email电子邮件；C. postcard明信片；D. letter书信。根据下文的“The letter said”可知，此处应该是一封信。故选D.
【22题详解】
考查动词辨析。句意：信中说当Bethany读这封信的时候，这意味着作者去世了。A. reading读书；B. destroying破坏；C. forgetting忘记；D. copying复制。根据上文是信，所以此处应该是读信。故选A.
【23题详解】
考查形容词辨析及上下文推理。句意：这些是一个将死的女人留给她的孩子的最后的话。A. determined坚决的；B. kind善良的；C. selfish自私的；D. dying临终的。根据上文“it meant the author had died.”可知，这是一位将死的女人留下的。故选D.
【24题详解】
考查动词辨析。句意：他必须找到Bethany。A. find找到；B. introduce介绍；C. phone打电话；D. comfort安慰。根据上文提到是Draper意外得到这封信，推知她要找到这个Bethany.故选A.
【25题详解】
考查动词辨析。句意：“无论是谁需要这个,”他想，“你都不会扔掉这样一封信”。A. understand理解；B. avoid避免；C. want想要；D. like喜欢。根据句意可知此处表示“需要，想要”。故选C.
【26题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：“你都不会扔掉这样一封信。” A. tear open拆开；B. cut up切碎；C. throw away扔掉；D. pull out离开，撤离。根据语境推理，这样一封信，谁得到也不会扔掉。故选C.
【27题详解】
考查名词辨析。句意：他认为如果这本书出现在他的商店，那么Bethany很可能来自奥克兰毕肖普。A. girl女孩；B. book书；C. reporter记者；D. news新闻。根据上文提到Draper一家书店的老板，整理旧书时从一本书中发现的这封信。推知此处表示“这本书”如果在他家书店的话。故选B.
【28题详解】
考查副词辨析。句意：实际上,他认为他应该认得这个小女孩的脸。A. hardly几乎不；B. actually实际上；C. unfortunately不幸地；D. accidentally意外地。根据句意可知，此处表示实际上作者可能认得小女孩。故选B.
【29题详解】
考查名词辨析。句意：即使她离开了该地区, 在城里可能有人谁会认识到图片。A. author作者；B. teacher老师；C. picture图片；D. stranger陌生人。根据上文可推知信里有照片，此处表示可能会有人认得照片。故选C.
【30题详解】
考查形容词辨析。句意：The Northern Echo开始跑这封丢失的信的消息。A. lost丢失的；B. valuable有价值的；C. wet潮湿的；D. broken破碎的。根据上文可知，这封信是丢失的。故选A.
【31题详解】
考查副词辨析。句意：与此同时，21岁的Bethany Gash现在自己也是一位母亲，在10英里外的Facebook，一个亲密的朋友给她发了一份信息，让她去看这篇文章。A. Meanwhile同时；B. Therefore因此；C. However但是，然而；D. Eventually最后。上文提到Draper正在通过报纸寻找信的主人Bethany Gash，推知下文介绍“在此同时”Bethany Gash的情况。故选A.
【32题详解】
考查名词辨析。句意：与此同时，21岁的Bethany Gash现在自己也是一位母亲，在10英里外的Facebook，一个亲密的朋友给她发了一份信息，让她去看这篇文章。A. editor编辑；B. mother母亲；C. daughter女儿；D. assistant助手。根据文中最后“brought her a children’s book for her son”可知，Bethany Gash现在是一位母亲。故选B.
【33题详解】
考查名词辨析。句意：与此同时，21岁的Bethany Gash现在自己也是一位母亲，在10英里外的Facebook，一个亲密的朋友给她发了一份信息，让她去看这篇文章。A. ticket票；B. magazine杂志；C. article文章；D. homework作业。根据上文提到报纸上报道这封信的事情，所以推知此处表示朋友让Bethany Gash看报纸上的文章。故选C.
【34题详解】
考查名词辨析。句意：她读她的母亲的话,她以为已经永远失去了,她说,她认为她一定是在做梦。A. vocabularies词汇；B. terms条款；C. languages语言；D. words言语。此处表示她读到了母亲留给自己的话。故选A.
【35题详解】
考查动词辨析。句意：她读她的母亲的话,她以为已经永远失去了,她说,她认为她一定是在做梦。A. writing写；B. joking开玩笑；C. playing玩；D. dreaming做梦。根据上半句她以为她将永远失去了可知觉得自己像做梦一样。故选D.
【36题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：当她的母亲去世时Gash只有4岁。A. came back回来；B. passed away去世；C. died out灭绝；D. calmed down冷静下来。根据句意可知Gash的母亲“去世”时只有4岁。故选B.
【37题详解】
考查动词辨析。句意：五年后,她的家人搬到一个新家,这封信放在一本书的页里面保存,是无意中被捐赠。A. donated捐赠；B. burned烧伤；C. dirtied弄脏；D. robbed抢劫。根据上文介绍这本书现在在Draper手里，应该是被捐赠的。故选A.
【38题详解】
考查副词辨析。句意：她记得开箱寻找这封信,然后疯狂地搜索,希望信还在那里。A. secretly秘密地；B. suddenly突然；C. madly疯狂地；D. regularly有规律地。根据语境可知这封信对Bethany Gash很重要，推知她会疯狂的寻找这封信。故选C.
【39题详解】
考查固定搭配。句意：“我意识到这是一去不复返了,我再也见不到它了,”她说。A. almost几乎，差不多；B. never决不，从不；C. still仍然；D. long长期地。根据语境可知，Bethany Gash认为这封信一去不复返。be long gone表示已成过去。故选D.
【40题详解】
考查动词辨析。句意：Draper把这封信寄送给了Bethany Gash。A. kept保持；B. delivered递送；C. composed组成；D. published出版，发表。根据下句他还给她的孩子一本书，可知他把信送还给Bethany Gash.故选B.
【名师点睛】
完形填空题的命题特点及答题方法：
1.侧重基础知识，考查学生语言知识的能力
完形填空以文入手，结合文章的内容考查学生的基础知识，主要是词语搭配、固定句型、近义词辨析、辨析句子结构、掌握语法规则的能力，其中考查实词居多。
2.上下文对照，考查学生捕捉关键词的能力
解完形填空题时，单独看一句话是找不到正确答案的，需要注意句子间的关系及句子与段落的关系。所谓上下对照，即在上文和下文中找到与正确答案相同的关键词。因此，在做题时要边读边在大脑中储存上下文信息的能力，捕捉关键词。
如小题1，根据下文的“The letter said”，得到一个关键词“the letter”，从而得出答案。
3.设置语境，考查学生的分析推理能力
旨在考查学生在选项都符合语法及句子结构的情况下能否利用前后语境去推断出正确答案。
如小题12，本题从上文读下来无法得到答案，读到文中最后“brought her a children’s book for her son”可推知，Bethany Gash现在是一位母亲，得出答案。
4.结合生活，考查学生利用常识题的能力
目的考查学生的生活常识，看看学生是否善于观察生活，积累生活常识，能否利用常识去做恰当的选择。
5.关注连词，考查学生对行文逻辑、句子关联的理解能力
此项用来考查学生在缺少连词的情况想，通过阅读能否理解句子的与句子的关系，是否了解行文逻辑的要求，能否掌握表示因果、转折、并列、条件、让步等的连词的用法。
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Baidu is not a doctor
When people ___41___ (face) with health or nutrition questions, it is ___42___ (increasing) common to go online and diagnose themselves. But the Internet is full of conflicting health warnings with no regulation to get rid of the wrong advice, some of which ___43___ (be) extremely dangerous! Also, search engines rank results by ___44___ (popular) rather than accuracy, so solid facts can be tricky to find. It is worth ___45___ (check) if the writer of an online piece is properly qualified as an expert. Anyone can call ___46___ (they) a “diet expert”, “nutritionist” and even a “doctor” — given it could refer to qualifications like a PhD. But remember, only officially ___47___ (recognize) practicing doctors as well as dietitians have degrees in giving medical ___48___ (suggest). So if you are unsure and still wondering ___49___ the chocolate diet really does work or not, then it pays to make ___50___ appointment with your dietician or doctor. The truth is out there, and you just need to look in the right place!
【答案】41. are faced
42. increasingly
43. is 44. popularity
45. checking
46. themselves
47. recognized/recognised
48. suggestions
49. whether
50. an
【解析】
本文为说明文。当很多人有健康或营养方面的问题时，他们会直接去百度搜索，自我诊断。这其实是不科学的，因为搜索引擎的结果是按照受欢迎的程度而不是按照准确性来排序的。因此百度不是医生，遇到问题，最好和医生预约，去应该去的地方。
【41题详解】
考查固定搭配和动词的时态。句意：当人们面对健康或营养问题时，上网和自我诊断越来越普遍。be faced with…为固定搭配，意为“面对…..”.本句的主语是people是集合名词，所以谓语动词要用复数，又因本文时态为一般现在时，因此填are faced。
【42题详解】
考查词性转换。此处应用increasing的副词形式修饰形容词common，因此填increasingly。
【43题详解】
考查主谓一致。分析句子结构可知，本句的主语是“some of which”，which指代前面的不可数名词advice，因此本小题要用单数形式，故be动词要用is。
【44题详解】
考查名词形式。句意：此外，搜索引擎排名的结果受欢迎，而不是准确性，本空是后面的名词accuracy进行对比，所以要用popular的名词形式popularity。
【45题详解】
考查固定句式。sth. be worth doing为固定搭配，意为“值得做某事”，所以本空要用动词的ing形式，故填checking。
【46题详解】
考查反身代词。句意：任何人都可以称自己为“饮食专家”。Call oneself 可译为“自称…”，因此本空填themselves 。
【47题详解】
考查非谓语。此处表示官方认可的，逻辑主语是doctors，它和谓语动词recognise二间是被动关系，故用其过去分词recognized/recognised。
【48题详解】
考查词性转换和名词的复数。空格处作非谓语wondering 的宾语，作宾语应用名词形式，指只有被官方认可的医生才有资格给出医学建议，故填suggestions。
【49题详解】
考查宾语从句。句意：如果你确定，仍然想知道巧克力饮食是否会起作用…..，宾语从句成分完整，在wondering后面表示不确定应用whether，意为“是否“，因此填whether。
【50题详解】
考查固定搭配。make an appointment为固定搭配，意为“与某人有约定，与某人有约会”、此处表示和医生预约，是泛指概念。因此填an。
第三节 词汇运用（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）
请根据语境用括号内单词的正确形式或根据汉语意思填空，每空一词。
51. His family then moved to a __________(稍微) larger house.
52. An earthquake __________(测量) 6.1 on the Richter Scale struck California yesterday.
53. How you greet a customer can leave a lasting __________(印象).
54. King was a great speaker and an __________(inspire) leader.
55. Winston is not someone who accepts __________(失败) easily.
【答案】51. slightly
52. measuring
53. impression
54. inspiring
55. failure
【解析】
本题为拼写单词。这种题型要注意在拼写单词时不仅词意要与句子的语境一致，还要考虑到具体语境中所作的成分，其正确的时态及语态，同时还要注意其固定用法或搭配，才能选出正确的词形
【51题详解】
考查副词修饰形容词。句意：然后他家搬到了一个稍微大一些的房子。本空修饰形容词larger，修饰形容词一般用副词，故填副词 slightly。
【52题详解】
考查非谓语。句意：昨天加利福尼亚发生了6.1级地震。分析句子可知，本句中的主语An earthquake，谓语动词是struck，而主语与不及物动词“measure(测量) ”二者主动关系，所以要用动词的ing形式 measuring。
【53题详解】
考查名词作宾语。本空被形容词lasting修饰，形容词一般修饰名词，所以本空要填名词。二者一起做动词leave的宾语，所以要用名词。因此填名词“印象（impression ）。
【54题详解】
考查形容词作定语修饰名词。分析句子可知leader为名词，所以本空应当是用形容词来修饰名词，因此要用动词 inspire的名词形式。本空是修饰物的，所以要填inspiring。
【55题详解】
考查名词作宾语。句意：温斯顿不是容易接受失败的人。分析句子可知，accept为及物动词，后面必须有宾语，所以要用名词“失败（failure）”，因此本空填 failure 。
根据所学语法知识和所学短语填空，每空一词。
56. _________ _________ _________(令我满意的是), he passed the exam.
57. He gave the speech without _________ _________(参考) his notes.
58. He had to make a decision _________ _________ _________(当场).
59. _________ _________(抚养) in the city, he doesn’t know how to farm.
60. _________(taste) nice, the food was all eaten up soon.
【答案】56. (1). To (2). my (3). satisfaction
57. (1). referring (2). to
58. (1). on (2). the (3). spot
59. (1). Brought (2). up
60. Tasting
【解析】
本大题为根据所给的汉语完成句子。做这种练习时首先分析每个句子，根据具体的语境来判断缺少的部分在句子中所作的成分，再找到正确的短语后根据其在句子所做的成份确定其时态及语态，是谓语还是非谓语。更要注意的是有些是固定搭配和习惯用法，从而正确地完成本题。
【56题详解】
考查固定搭配。句意：令我满意的是，他通过了考试。短语to one’s satisfaction 为固定搭配，意为“令某人满意的是”。本空“令我满意的是”可译为(1). To (2). my (3). Satisfaction。
【57题详解】
考查固定搭配及非谓语。句意：他发表了演说时没有参考笔记。分析句子可知，本句的without 为介词，后面要用动词的ing形式。因此本句的参考要用 (1). referring (2). to。
【58题详解】
考查固定搭配。句意：他必须当场做出决定。On the pot为固定搭配，意为“当场”，因此本小题的答案为(1). on (2). the (3). Spot。
【59题详解】
考查固定搭配及非谓语。句意：他在城里长大，不知道怎样种田。分析句子可知，本句为省略句。因为主从句的主语一致，省略了从句的主语he, he与动词bring up(抚养)二者是被动关系，他是被抚养，因此要用过去分词，所以本小题的答案为： (1). Brought (2). Up。
【60题详解】
考查省略句。句意：这促食物尝起来味道很好，所以很快就吃完了。本句为省略句。因为主从句的主语一致，省略了从句的主语the food，与从句的系动词taste是主动关系，要用动词的ing形式，因此填 Tasting。
第四部分 写作（共两节，满分35分）
第一节 短文改错（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）
61.假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)，并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线(＼)划掉。
修改：在错的词下画一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2.只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。
I will share one experience with you. With the College Entrance Examination draw near, I was filled with great anxiety. However, I couldn’t be absorbed in study, resulting from my failing in the examination. I got very discouraging. Just then, my teacher, Miss Zhang, approach me and said, “In life we all have moment when we can’t achieve what we want it. It is natural. Don’t allow those moments to weaken you, and turn them into motivation to inspire you.” Her words were a reminder which provided myself with constant encouragement to smile at life. Consequently, I gained what I deserved.
So it is an optimistic attitude which matters most of all. It gives you the confidence to deal with difficulties and to achieve what you want in your life.
【答案】
【解析】
1.draw改成drawing考查非谓语动词。句意：随着高考临近，我心中充满了焦虑。本句是介词with的复合结构，其中with的宾语the college Entrance Examination与动词draw构成主动关系，所以使用现在分词短语在句中做宾语补足语。故将draw改为drawing。
2.However改为Therefore考查副词。正因为我很焦虑，所以我才无法集中注意力于学习，导致我在考试中失败。上下文之间是因果关系，所以使用副词therefore表示因果关系。故将However改为Therefore。
3.from改为in考查动词短语。短语result in导致；result from因为，由于。正是因为我很焦虑，所以我才无法集中注意力于学习，导致我在考试中失败。根据句意可知应该使用短语result in“导致”，故将from改为in。
4.discouraging改为discouraged考查形容词。形容词discouraged感到泄气，该词通常修饰人；形容词discouraging令人失望的，该词经常修饰事物。本句中使用discouraged修饰主语I，故将discouraging改为discouraged。
5.approach改为approached考查时态。由时间状语just then可知用一般过去时态，故将approach改为approached。
6.moment改为moments考查名词单复数。句意：在生命里，我们都会有无法得到我们想要的东西的时刻。都会有的时刻，要用复数形式，故将moment改为moments。
7.it去掉考查代词。句意：在生命里，我们都会有无法得到我们想要的东西的时刻。What引导宾语从句作want的宾语，it多余应该去掉，故将it去掉。
8.and改为but考查连词。句意：不要让这些消极时刻消弱我们，而是要把它们当成激励自己是动机。上下文之间为转折关系，所以使用but表示转折，故将and改为but。
9.myself改为me考查连词。句意：不要让这些消极时刻消弱我们，而是要把它们当成激励自己是动机。不要本句中宾语me作动词inspire的宾语。
10.which改为that考查固定句型。句意：所以最重要的是乐观的态度，它让你有信心去面对困难，实现你生活中想要的。It is + 被强调部分+that+句子其他部分，是强调句型结构，故将which改为that。
第二节 书面表达（满分25分）
62.假如你是李华，衡水中学学生会主席( Chairman of the Student Union)，近日你校收到美 国友好交流学校 Roger Manverz School学生会主席John的邮件，希望你校捐赠一批传统文化书籍，供该校对此有兴趣的同学阅读，请你代表学校给John回复一封邮件，邮件中需要包含以下内容：
1.自我介绍；
2.捐赠图书的具体信息；
3.询问对方的收件地址和联系信息。
注意：1. 词数100左右；
2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
Dear John,
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours faithfully,
Li Hua
【答案】Dear John,
I am Li Hua, chairman of the Student Union of Hengshui High School. I am writing this letter on behalf of our school that we are more than glad to donate to your school some books on Chinese traditional culture.
After discussion, we plan to donate about a hundred books, whose topics vary from Chinese ancient philosophy, Chinese traditional painting and calligraphy to Chinese classical literature.
We plan to wrap them in a big parcel and post to your school. So I hope you can offer me the accurate address of your school as well as the name of the person in charge of receiving the parcel.
Looking forward to your reply.
Yours faithfully,
Li Hua
【解析】
【分析】
本文为材料作文。针对文中的内容回复一封邮件。写回信时应特别注意正确理解写信人的意图、所提问题、必须对写信人的问题给予明确的答复。这种文章在写作时注意：1.首先要审题，确定文章的中心思想、主题，并围绕中心思想组织材料。2.进行构思，列出简单的提纲，打造文章之骨架。安排好层次段落，铺设好过渡，处理好开头和结尾。3.扩展成文。扩展的内容一定要紧扣主题，综合考虑各个段落的内容安排，用好连接词。灵活运用各种句式，如倒装句、强调句、省略句、主从复合句、对比句、分词短语、介词短语等，从而增加文章的可读性。
【详解】本文要点完整，层次分明。文中运用了许多高级词汇，如：on behalf of…, more than glad…, donate to…, vary from…, as well as…., in charge of.…等。句式相对比较灵活。文中运用了
名词从句：I am writing this letter on behalf of our school that we are more than glad to donate to your school some books on Chinese traditional culture.；定语从句：we plan to donate about a hundred books, whose topics vary from Chinese ancient philosophy, ...和由so引导的状语从句：We plan to wrap them in a big parcel and post to your school. So I hope you can offer me the accurate address of your school …
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