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厦门外国语学校2018届高三下学期开学考试
英语试卷
第I卷
第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）
第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）
1. At What time must the man check in for his flight?
A. 2:50. B. 3:15. C. 3:50.
2. What does the woman want to do now?
A. Listen to some music. B. Play a piece of music. C. Have something to drink.
3. Where does the conversation probably take place?
A. In the man’s house. B. In a drugstore. C. In a doctor’s office.
4. How did the man go to the airport?
A. By bus. B. By car. C. By taxi.
5. Why does Mary call Peter?
A. To borrow his notes. B. To explain her absence. C. To discuss the presentation.
第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）
听第6段材料，回答第6至7题。
6. What is the man going to do this summer?
A. Teach a course. B. Repair his house. C. Work at a hotel.
7. How will the man use the money?
A. To hire a gardener. B. To buy books. C. To pay for a boat trip.
听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。
8. What is the conversation mainly about?
A. Course design. B. Course registration. C. Course evaluation.
9. What course did the woman choose?
A. International Trade. B. Modern History. C. Chemistry.
10. What will Jack do to take mathematics?
A. Wait for an opening. B. Apply to the department. C. Speak to Professor Anderson.
听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。
11. Why does the woman make the call?
A. To book a hotel.
B. To enquire about the room service.
C. To make changes to a reservation.
12. When will the woman arrive at the hotel?
A. On September 15. B. On September 16. C. On September 23.
13. How much will the woman pay for her room per night?
A. $199. B. $179. C. $219.
听第9段材料，回答第14至16题。
14. Who might the woman be?
A. A porter. B. A Customs officer. C. A post office worker.
15. When does the man need the package to arrive in Canada?
A. At the weekend. B. Five days later. C. The next night.
16. How does the man decide to send his package?
A. By First Class mail. B. By regular mail. C. By express mail.
听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。
17. Who is Wang Ming?
A. A student. B. An employer. C. An engineer.
18. What does the speaker say about the college job market this year?
A. It’s unpredictable. B. It’s not optimistic. C. It’s quite stable.
19. What percentage of student job seekers have found a job by now?
A. 20%. B. 22%. C. 50%.
20. Why are engineering graduates more likely to accept a job?
A. They need work experience. B. The salary is usually good. C. Their choice is limited.
第二部分阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡
上将该项涂黑。
A
Some photographers have the good fortune to find a mentor in their young years who both inspires and encourages them. Jessica Backhaus found one in Gisele Freund, the great French photographer remembered for her portraits（肖像）of artists, especially writers. Gisele was a wonderful, sensitive portraitist whose pictures of Virginia Woolf, Andre Gide, James Joyce, George Bernard Shaw, Jean Cocteau, and a long list of well-known artists are unforgettable.
Jessica, a young photographer from Germany, was studying photography in Paris when she met the famous Gisele Freund, on November 5, 1992. Slowly a friendship developed, lasting until Gisele’s death, in 2000; and in a way it still continues today. Gisele was generous in her concern for a new generation of photographers, and Jessica took to heart her advice to forget about technique and to take pictures with her eyes and heart. To thank her, Jessica decided to take the series of pictures published in the book One Day in November.
One day, before Jessica moved to New York, Gisele suggested that she write about their friendship. The book One Day in November begins with Jessica’s essay on their shared memories and conversations, followed by her photographs. She calls it a visual poem, pointing out that she expresses herself best in pictures rather than words.
The excellent photographs from her book can be seen in a splendid exhibition at Laurence Miller Gallery, along with a series of pictures from three of her other books: Jesus and the Cherries, portraits taken in a Polish village where time stood still; What Still Remains, pictures of objects left behind; and a new book of light reflections on water, I Wanted to See the World. All are guided by Gisele’s advice and all are quite wonderful.
21. The underlined word “one” in Paragraph 1 refers to _________.
A. a responsible friend B. a well-known artist
C. an inspiring instructor D. an experienced photographer
22. What can we learn about the book One Day in November from the passage？
A. It begins with photographs and ends with an essay.
B. It talks about the friendship between Jessica and Gisele.
C. It collects poems that provide readers with a visual feast.
D. It contains portraits taken in a village where time stood still.
23. What is the passage mainly about?
A. Jessica’s memories of Gisele. B. Gisele’s influence on Jessica.
C. The photographs taken by Gisele. D. The achievements made by Jessica.
B
The British summer is extremely beautiful. Trees, flowers, birds and butterflies make the whole country look like a big garden. However, many British people have noticed that butterflies have been gradually disappearing from this picturesque scenery during the past several years. What has happened to them?
Butterfly Conservation, a charity in the UK, is running a survey to help answer this question. The result is more serious than people expected. According to the survey, among 59 butterfly species found in the British Isles, more than three-quarters of them are suffering a declining population, including the most popular Meadow Brown. Moreover, half of all butterfly species are dying out.
Some common species such as the small Tortoiseshell butterfly and the Wall butterfly are dropping sharply. The latter cannot even be seen in many parts of central and southern England. And the Blue butterfly, which was commonly seen in the south, has started settling in Edinburgh in the past few years.
The numbers of butterflies have dropped to a record low in the past three years largely because the summer in the UK is getting cooler and their living conditions are also degrading.
Fortunately Britain is experiencing a long hot summer this year compared to the last few summers. Conservationists believe the warm weather will bring some benefit to the butterflies.
Sir David Attenborough, president of Butterfly Conservation, said, “Butterflies in abundance tell us that all is well with nature. When they decline it’s a warning that other wildlife will be soon heading the same way.”
The survey is still going on. The public is also encouraged to keep track of the UK’s butterfly population. The organizers hope the survey will help raise public awareness of the value of butterflies in the UK. Butterflies give an indication of the well-being of nature and the environment.
24. The survey conducted by Butterfly Conservation has found that ___________.
A. the UK butterflies enjoy a cool climate
B. the UK butterflies prefer settling in the north
C. the number of the UK butterflies is decreasing
D. butterflies make the British summer more attractive
25. How does the writer support the findings of the survey in Paragraph 3?
A. By listing examples. B. By providing data.
C. By giving explanations. D. By making comments.
26. What does the underlined word “degrading” in Paragraph 5 probably mean?
A. Turning better. B. Getting worse.
C. Keeping stable. D. Becoming different.
27. Butterfly Conservation expects their survey to ___________.
A. warn people to care more about the change of weather
B. keep the charity running more smoothly than ever before
C. help the British government protect nature and the environment
D. strengthen people’s understanding of the importance of butterflies
C
In some islands north of Scotland, head lice, which live on the hair or skin of people or animals, were a part of life. If the lice left their host, he became sick and feverish. Therefore, sick people had lice put in their hair intentionally. There was a method to their madness: As soon as the lice had settled in again, the patient improved. The story explains the confusion of cause and effect. If the lice leave the sick, it is because he has a fever and they simply get hot feet. When the fever breaks, they return. We may laugh at this story, but false causality misleads us practically every day.
Consider the headline: “Fact: Women Who Use Shampoo XYZ Every Day Have Stronger Hair.” This statement says very little—least of all, that the shampoo makes your hair stronger. It might simply be the other way round: Women with strong hair tend to use Shampoo XYZ—and perhaps that’s because it says “especially for thick hair” on the bottle.
A further example: Scientists found that long periods in the hospital did harm to patients. This was music to health insurers’ ears, who, of course, are keen to make stays as brief as possible. But, clearly, patients who are dismissed immediately are healthier than those who must stay on for treatment.
Recently I read that students get better grades at school if their homes contain a lot of books. This study was surely a shot in the arm for booksellers, but it is also an example of false causality.
This simple truth is that educated parents tend to value their children’s education more than uneducated ones do. Plus, educated parents often have more books at home. In short, a dust-covered copy of War and Peace alone isn’t going to influence anyone’s grades; what counts is parents’ education levels, as well as their genes.
Another example of false causality was the supposed relationship between the birth rate and the numbers of stork (鹳) pairs in Germany. Both were in decline, and if you plot them on a graph, the two lines of development from 1965 to 1987 appeared almost the same. Does this mean the stork actually does bring babies? Obviously not, since this was a purely accidental connection.
In conclusion: Connection is not causality. Take a closer look at linked events: Sometimes what is presented as the cause turns out to be the effect, or just the other way around. And sometimes there is no link at all—just like with the storks and babies.
28. Which is an example of false causality?
A. Women with strong hair tend to use a certain shampoo.
B. Birth rate and the stork population are connected.
C. Longer periods in the hospital benefit patients.
D. Lice can make a person sick and feverish.
29. The underlined phrase “a shot in the arm” in Paragraph 4 means _____.
A. pain B. defeat C. guidance D. encouragement
30. According to the author, students get better grades probably because _____.
A. their homes are full of books B. they have read War and Peace
C. their educated parents value education D. their parents are successful booksellers
31. It can be concluded from the passage that _____.
A. connections are pure accidents B. cause and effect are interdependent
C. connections are mostly cause and effect D. linked events may turn out to be unrelated
D
Would you rather be an impressive employee in an ordinary firm, or land a role at the most well-known company in your industry?
The answer to that question might seem highly personal, based on factors like whether or not you are a competitive person and how much you enjoy a challenge. In fact, there’s another strong factor at play: People from different cultures react very differently to that question. The
psychologists from the University of Michigan asked people theoretical questions about the decisions they take. Specifically, the researchers compared people with East Asian backgrounds and European American backgrounds. They found that Americans are much more likely to favor being a big fish in a small pond. East Asians, and specifically Chinese people, are much more likely than Americans to lean towards being a smaller fish in a bigger pond.
Researchers first asked 270 students at a large American university whether they would rather be a “big fish in a small pond” or the opposite. Of the students with East Asian American backgrounds, three quarters said they’d rather be a small fish, compared with just under 60% of students with European American backgrounds who said the same.
The researchers then compared American and Chinese adults. They asked the participants whether they would rather attend a top university but perform below average, and whether they would rather work for a top global company but do less well in comparison to their peers. Over half the Chinese adults chose the famous university, compared with just a third of Americans. In the case of the firms, well over half of people from both groups chose to do better at a less well-known firm, but Chinese people were still more likely to choose being a “small fish” than were Americans.
The final experiment sought to discover how American and Chinese people made judgments about whether they were succeeding. They found that Chinese people were more likely to compare their performance to the performance of people in other groups. Americans, meanwhile, were more likely to compare themselves to people within the same group, to judge whether or not they were doing well.
In East Asian cultures, it’s “not enough that you know you’re doing well in your school,” said Kaidi Wu, a PhD student in psychology who led the research. “It is much more important that other people—an outsider, a family relative, a future employer who has five seconds to glance through your resume—also recognize your academic excellence.”
America is the opposite: “Think about how many times themes like ‘You are your own person’ or ‘Stop worrying about what other people think’ course through song lyrics and self-help books,” Wu said, concluding: “The choices we make are the products of our culture.”
32. The psychologists from the University of Michigan find that _____.
A. Americans tend to achieve success in a big company
B. Chinese are likely to perform better in a big company
C. Americans prefer to shine in a relatively small company
D. Chinese are comfortable with working in a small company
33. The final experiment aims to _____.
A. find different views about personal success B. compare different attitudes towards competition
C. judge performances of different groups D. confirm which culture is better
34. A Chinese student will be more satisfied if he gains recognition from _____.
A. his neighbors B. his classmates C. his teachers D. his parents
35. According to Kaidi Wu, culture _____.
A. plays a key role in people’s choice making B. shows who we grow up to be in the future
C. is the most important factor behind success D. determines students’ academic performance
第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Why we still need to read Dickens
Walk into any bookstore, and you can hardly avoid “bumping into” Charles Dickens. Many of Dickens’ works still sell well today. 36
As someone who teaches Dickens, the question of why we still read him is often on my mind. 37 One day nearly 10 years ago, however, when I was giving a lecture, I was telling the students that for Victorian readers, Dickens’s writing was a “tune-in-next-week” type of thing that generated crazes. 38 “But why should we still read this stuff?” the student asked. The answer I gave was only acceptable, “Because he teaches you how to think,” I said.
The question annoyed me for years, for years, and for years I told myself answers, but never with complete satisfaction. We read Dickens because he is not just a man of his own times, but also a man for our times. We read Dickens because we can learn from experiences of his characters almost as easily as we can learn from our own experiences.
39 But these are not exactly the reason why I read Dickens. My search for an answer continued until one day a text message came from a student of mine. “We still read Dickens’s novels,” she wrote, “because they tell us why we are what we are.” Simple as it was, that’s the explanation I had sought for years.
Dickens shines a light on who we are during the best of times and worst of times.
40 If you have time, go to pick up one of his many novels, read it and enjoy what it has to tell you about yourself.
A. Then a hand shot up.
B. I know that wasn’t really the reason.
C. And they are placed on outstanding shelves.
D. That question was never more troubling.
E. That’s why we still need to read him today.
F. I already know who it is I’ll meet in those novels.
G. These are all wonderful reasons to read Dickens.
第三部分语言运用（共两节，满分45分）
第一节完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
The calendar read December15. It had been one of the hardest periods of my life. Eight months pregnant with three little children, I just got the 41 from my householder that we had to 42 by January 10th, only 3 weeks to find another place.
When my husband Don returned home from work, I 43 the news to him. Through the Christmas holiday, Don went house-hunting 44 I attended to everything despite physical discomforts.
Soon, the moving day arrived and it was 45 . Don was busy coordinating（协调）the men who had come to help. I packed alone, trying hard to 46 them. The children were 47 in an upstairs bedroom. Unfortunately, with all the toys packed away, soon all three were crying from 48 .
The screaming children and the 49 house reduced me to tears. I had never felt so 50 in my life. “Are you okay?” One man asked with his eyes fixed on me. All I could do was 51 my head and say yes.
52 ,I left the room quietly for a moment. After regaining my 53 , I returned to face the tough tasks before me. 54 , several women were busy packing and one even 55 my crying children.
Soon after, the trucks were 56 with furniture and on the way to our new house. Upon arrival, I was not allowed to lift another 57 for the rest of the night. Our good neighbors helped us 58
everything. After they finished, they disappeared into the night, not even 59 a thank you.
I have never seen most of those people again; I don’t even remember most of their names. But I do remember the 60 they showed me on a cold winter when I needed it most.
41.
A. idea
B. plan
C. message
D. thought
42.
A. turn up
B. get through
C. set off
D. move out
43.
A. stated
B. broke
C. passed
D. reported
44.
A. while
B. since
C. until
D. after
45.
A. cool
B. freezing
C. warm
D. boiling
46.
A. keep ahead of
B. watch out for
C. hold on to
D. keep away from
47.
A. found
B. kept
C. held
D. stored
48.
A. terror
B. hunger
C. boredom
D. thirst
49.
A. empty
B. shabby
C. tidy
D. messy
50.
A. sick
B. peaceful
C. right
D. regretful
51.
A. shake
B. nod
C. turn
D. lose
52.
A. Embarrassed
B. Confused
C. Worried
D. Alarmed
53.
A. balance
B. belief
C. energy
D. courage
54.
A. Ridiculously
B. Cheerfully
C. Surprisingly
D. Hopefully
55.
A. blaming
B. praising
C. teasing
D. comforting
56.
A. flooded
B. covered
C. equipped
D. loaded
57.
A. leg
B. finger
C. arm
D. foot
58.
A. clean
B. make
C. settle
D. prepare
59.
A. waiting for
B. turning down
C. longing for
D. taking down
60.
A. friendship
B. kindness
C. sympathy
D. happiness
第Ⅱ卷
第三部分英语知识运用（共两节，满分45分）
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。
With the rapid spread of western cultures, a 61 (grow) number of Chinese people prefer
western holidays to traditional ones. When Christmas or Valentine’s Day 62 (come), youngsters will flood into bars, restaurants, or department stores to celebrate these festivals, but actually they don’t know much about Chinese traditional festivals.
The reason behind this social phenomenon is obvious: in a society controlled by mass media
and consumerism, festivals and holidays from abroad 63 (identify) as fashionable and new, while traditional ones are usually something out of date and old. Young people all over the world have regarded western life style, 64 (especial) the life in Hollywood films, 65 their goal of life. As a consequence, 66 is no wonder that Chinese young people have much more affection for Christmas than China’s Spring Festival.
We should think about the influence of such 67 social phenomenon carefully. It is obvious that the wide spread and recognition of western holidays is 68 (harm) to our traditional value. If we don’t take some 69 (measure) right now, some day in the future, Chinese cultural heritage may be strange to our grandchildren. It is high time the government and all people 70 (take) action to protect our traditional culture.
第四部分写作（共两节，满分35分）
第一节短文改错（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）
得分
阅卷
请改正下面短文中的错误。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词；
删除：把多余的词用斜线（＼）划掉；
修改：在错的词下画一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2. 只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。
Everyone tends to have many problems while gaining knowledge. Therefore, your willingness to deal with these problems will eventually enable you to work it out. What I’d like to share is my approaches to solve the problems.
First, you must focus on which you are faced with. There seems to be a lot of attractive things, like computers or games. To stay focused, you can list these things and tell yourself you should touch them until you finish your work. Second, believe to yourself. Though there is no doubt that each of us might make mistake or come across some tough problems in learning, but it can never be a reason for the loss of confidence. Last, keep modest. Never feel embarrassing to turn to your teachers or classmates. Everyone in your surroundings can be your teacher.
第二节书面表达（满分25分）
假定你是李华，请给你的美国笔友Harry写一封信，介绍你上周在学校参加的成人礼，简要说明流程，并分享你的感受。
参考词汇：成人礼 Coming-of-Age Ceremony
注意：1、词数100左右；2、可适当增加细节，使行文连贯。
厦门外国语学校2018届高三下学期开学考试英语试卷
第一部分（每小题1.5分）
1-5 ACCBA 6-10 CBBAC 11-15 CBACA 16-20 CABAB
第二部分（每小题2分）
21-25 CBBCA 26-30 BD BDC 31-35 DCAAA 36-40 CDAGE
第三部分（每小题1.5分）
第一节
41-45 CDBAB 46-50 ABCDA 51-55 BADCD 56-60 DBCAB
第二节
61. growing 62. comes 63. are identified 64. especially 65. as
66. it 67. a 68. harmful 69. measures 70. took/should take
第四部分
第一节（每小题1分）
一、参考答案
Therefore—However, it—them, solve—solving, which—what, seems—seem, should—增加not, believe to—believe in, mistake—mistakes, but—删除，embarrassing--embarrassed
第一部分（每小题1.5分）
ACCBACBBACCBACACABAB
第二部分（每小题2分）
21-25 CBBCABDBDC DCAAACDAGE
第三部分（每小题1.5分）
第一节
41-45 CDBABABCDABADCDDBCAB
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