1. （2017·北京）People______better access to health care than they used to,and they’re living longer as a result.
A. will have B. have C. had D. had had
【答案】B
【解析】句意：人们有着比过去更好的医疗保险，结果他们更长寿。与过去对比是现在，所以than前一句话是用现在的时间，而且后一句用的就是现在时态，所以前面也用现在时态，故选B。
2.(2017·全国卷Ⅱ)．..However, the railway quickly proved to be a great success and within six months...Later, engineers ________ (manage) to construct railways in a system of deep tunnels (隧道), which became known as the Tube.
【答案】managed
3.(2017·全国卷Ⅲ)Sarah says，“My dad thinks I should take the offer now.But at the moment，school ________ (come) first...
【解析】此处表示但目前，学校是第一位的。根据语境可知，这里指的是一般情况，因此用一般现在时态。考生容易受时间状语at the moment的影响，误填现在进行时或者现在完成时。
【答案】comes
4、（2017江苏）He hurried home, never once looking back to see if he ____________.
A. was being followed B. was following
C. had been followed D. followed
【答案】A
【解析】考查宾语从句和时态。根据句子成分可知，He和follow是被动关系，排除B、D。根据句意：在匆忙赶回家的路上，他从未回头看是否被跟踪，用过去进行时最合适，答案选A。
5.(2017·全国卷Ⅰ)When fat and salt ________ (remove) from food, the food tastes as if it is
missing something.
【解析】句意：当脂肪和食盐被从食物中去掉之后，食物尝起来就好像失去了什么一样。根据句意可知这里fat and salt和动词remove之间为动宾关系；由主句的时态可知，此处应用一般现在时的被动语态。
【答案】are moved
6.(2017·全国卷Ⅲ)Sarah ________(tell) that she could be Britain's new supermodel，earning a million dollars in the next year.
【解析】句意：Sarah被告知，她能够成为英国新的超级名模，在下一年收入一百万美元。分析句子结构并结合句意可知，tell与主语Sarah是动宾关系，所以要用被动语态，故填was told。此处也可用现在完成时的被动语态，强调对现在造成的影响。
【答案】has been told/was told
7.(2016·浙江，5)While online shopping ________(change)our life，not all of its effects have been positive.
【答案】has changed 【解析】句意：尽管网上购物已经改变了我们的生活，但是并不是所有的影响都是积极的。主语是online shopping，结合语境以及后面的have been可知，这里要用现在完成时。
8．(2016·新课标Ⅰ，62)So it was a great honour to be invited backstage at the notforprofit Panda Base，where ticket money helps pay for research.I ________(allow)to get up close to these cute animals at the 600acre centre.
【解析】was allowed 句意：……在这个占地六百英亩的中心，我被允许靠近这些可爱的动物。由语境可知作者被允许接近这些动物，故用一般过去时的被动语态。
9．(2016·新课标Ⅲ，62)Truly elegant chopsticks might ________(make)of gold and silver with Chinese characters.
【解析】be made 句意：真正考究的筷子可能是由具有中国特色的金或银制成的。make和chopsticks之间是动宾关系，应用被动语态，空格前有might，所以用be made。
10．(2016·四川，61)The giant panda ________(love)by people throughout the world.
11．(2016·四川，69)Then，after two and a half years，the mother ________(drive)the young panda away.
【解析】drove 句意：然后，两年半之后这位母亲赶走了熊猫宝宝。根据句意可知，此处应用一般过去时。
12．(2016·浙江，5)While online shopping ________(change)our life，not all of its effects have
been positive.
【解析】has changed 句意：尽管网上购物已经改变了我们的生活，但是并不是所有的影响都是积极的。主语是online shopping，结合语境以及后面的have been可知，这里要用现在完成时。
13．(2016·浙江，9)Silk ________(become)one of the primary goods traded along the Silk Road by about 100 BC.
【解析】had become 句意：到公元前100年为止，丝绸已经成为丝绸之路上交易的主要商品之一。by about 100 BC是时间状语，这里强调到公元前100年为止，所以要用过去完成时。
14．(2016·北京，21)Jack ________(work)in the lab when the power cut occurred.
【解析】was working 句意：杰克正在实验室里工作的时候突然停电了。本句使用了be doing sth.when...句式，表示“正在做某事，突然……”，此时主句用过去进行时，分句用一般过去时。
15．(2016·北京，23)—Excuse me，which movie are you waiting for?
—The new Star Wars.We ________(wait)here for more than two hours.
1．(2016·北京，25)I ________(read)half of the English novel，and I'll try to finish it at the weekend.
【解析】have read 句意：这本英语小说我已经读了一半，这个周末我将尽力把它读完。语境表示“已经读了一半”，应该用现在完成时表示过去发生并且对现在有影响的动作。
17．(2016·北京，30)The students have been working hard on their lessons and their efforts ________(reward)with success in the end.
18．(2016·新课标Ⅰ)Every day he makes sure that fresh vegetables and high quality oil are using for cooking.
【解析】using→used 句意：每天他都确保用于烹饪的是新鲜的蔬菜和高质量的油。此处表示被动含义，be used for“被用来做”。
易错起源1、考查动词辨析
例1．Much as he ________he has a good command of English，he sometimes feels it hard to find an appropriate version for some Chinese idioms.
A．announces B．declares
C．claims D．confirms
【解析】考查动词词义辨析。此处announces通知；declares宣布；claims 声明； confirms证实。句意：虽然他承认自己掌握了英语，但有时他感到找到汉语的合适的英语翻译很难。根据句意选D项。
【答案】D
【变式探究】Try not to cough more than you can ________ since it may cause problems to your lungs.
A. check B．allow C．stop D．help
【答案】D
【解析】考查动词辨析。考生需掌握短语more than one can help的意思 “尽量不”，故正确答案是D项。句意：尽量不要咳嗽，因为这会给你的肺带来问题。
【名师点睛】
高考常考的几组动词词义辨析
1．injure，hurt，wound，destroy
injure
一般指在意外事故中受伤
hurt
是表示“伤害”的一般用法，既可指对肉体的伤害，也可指对情感的伤害
wound
常指外伤，尤指在战争、战斗中造成的伤害
destroy
一般指彻底损坏，常译成“毁坏，损坏”
I didn't want to hurt his feelings.
我不想伤害他的感情。
He was wounded in the battle.
他在战斗中负过伤。
2．beat，hit，strike，defeat，win
beat
表示“(尤指用棍或其他硬物)接连地打，击”，还可表示“打败，胜过”
hit
表示对准目标打一下，强调击中
strike
表示突然性或一次性的击打
defeat
(＝beat)是指“击败，战胜”，宾语通常是人或集体
win
是“(在……中)获胜”或“赢”的意思，宾语通常为war，match，game，prize，medal，respect，battle等名词
Our team beat the American team by eight.
我们队以超过美国队八分的成绩战胜了。
She hit him out of anger.
她生气地打了他一下。
The tower was struck by lightning.
该塔被闪电击中了。
He defeated all the other participants and won the prize.
他击败了其他参赛者，获了奖。
【锦囊妙计，战胜自我】adopt，attach，adapt，adjust的区别
adopt
vt. 采取，采纳；收养，领养
attach
vt. 把……附(在……上)；重视
attach much importance to... 非常重视……
adapt
vt. 适应；adapt oneself to 适应于
adjust
vt. 适应，调整；adjust oneself to 适应于
This kind of desk can be adjusted to the height you need; besides, it is not expensive at all.
这个桌子可以根据你需要的高度而调整，而且一点也不贵。
Recently, to maintain national balance, the Chinese government has adopted a policy of encouraging college graduates to take positions in rural areas.
为了保持平衡，中国政府最近通过了一项鼓励大学毕业生去农村就业的政策。
Parents attach much importance to education. They will do their best to give their children that priceless gift.
父母亲都非常重视教育。他们会尽自己最大的努力给予孩子们无价的馈赠
易错起源2、考查动词短语的用法和意义
例2．Body language can give a lot about your mood，so
standing with your arms folded can send out a signal that you are being defensive.
【答案】away
【名师点睛】
多记一些常见动词及短语的含义和用法并学会在特定语境中灵活运用。
以下为常见短语动词 :
一、动词 + 介词/副词
短语
例句
Act on照……行事
He acts on principles.
answer for对……负责
You will answer for what you’ve done.
Arm...against带武器以防
He armed himself against wild animals.
agree with同意(某人)
I agree with her.
agree to同意(建议等)
They agreed to the proposal.
apree on(in)同意商定(问题，条件等)
They agreed on the question.
arrive at／in到达(某地)
He arrived in Nanjing at five o’clock yesterday mornring.
Atm at 瞄准
He aimed the gun at the bird.
Ask after 问候
My fater asked after you.
Ask for 请求
The boy asked for more food.
borrow．．．from从……借来
He borrowed a like from Mary.
believe in 信任
We all believe in her.
belong to 属于
The house belongs to me.
burst into突然……起来
She burst into tears at the news.
begin at从(页)开始
Today we shall begin at page 40.
Babe...on 根据
he based the conclusion on experiments.
beat about the bush绕弯子
Tell me the truth. Don’t beat about the bush.
Consist of由……组成
The society consists of five members.
congratulate……on祝贺
We congratulated her on winning the contest.
come to an end 结束
The talk come to an end at ten.
compare．．．to 把……比作
He compared the young to the rising sun.
compare．．．with同……相比
She compared the blue pen with the red pen.
carebr喜欢；照料
He doesn’t care for playing football.
Change．．．for用……交换
He changed his radio for a recorder.
ChanSe from．．．to从……转到
She changed from team A to team B.
clear up 放晴
The weather cleared up in the afternoon.
come across偶然碰到
I came across an old friend in the street.
come into想出；进入
An idea suddenly came into my mind.
ca11 up 打电话
I shall call her up soon.
Csll for 叫(人)
He will call for you in the evening.
call for 为……叫喊
He heard someone calling for help.
cdll on 访问(某人)
She will call on a friend on Sunday.
cdll on 号召
The Party called on us to study hard.
Cure...of 治愈
Fhe medicine cured him of his pain.
depend on 依靠
He depended on his mother in life.
disagree with与……意见不同
He disagreed with her over the plan.
Die of 因……病、饥饿等而死
The man died of cancer.
Die from 因……伤、意外等而死
The died man died from a serious wound.
Die for 为……而死
He died for the people.
devote to把……用于
she devoted all her money to huvine books.
enged in 从事，忙于
He is engaged in writing new book.
End with以……结束
The party ended with dancing.
fail in在……失败
She failed in winning the game.
find out查明
He has not found out the trouble yet.
give up 放弃
Never give up hope.
give over克服，渡过
You’ll soon get over your shyness.
Get on(／off) 上车(／下车)
She got on the bus at Gulou Square.
Get on进展
He is getting on well in the work.
Get ready for准备好
He has got ready for the journey.
Get in 收进
The peasants got in the wheat in May.
grow up 长大，发展
The children have already grown up.
give in 投降(让步)
They gave in at last.
Get up 起床
She gets up early every morning.
Go on 继续
The meeting went on deep into the night.
go all out 竭尽全力
They went all out to build the airport.
So through通过；细察
She went through the book before buying it.
go over复习，看一遍
She went over the lessons for three times.
go down(日，月)落下，下沉
The moon has gone down.
go without 放弃，没有也行
He had to go without food.
Hand in交进来
They handed in their papeps.
Have nothing to do with 与……无关
He has nothing to do with the matter.
Have some thing to do with 与……无关
Does she have anything to do with the case?
Head for 朝……去
The ship is heading for the nearest port.
Help with 帮助
He helped her with her English.
Help...in在……帮助
He helped her in study in English.
Hope for 希望(得到)
She hoped for Mary to come.
introduce．．．to．．．介绍
She introduced me to her father.
inspire．．．with．．．以……激发
He inspired them with courage.
insist on坚持
She insisted on doing it that way.
interfere with(in) 妨碍；干涉
Don’t interfere With his work.
join in 参加(活动)
she also joined in the dancing.
join sb. in 加入某人从事
He joined us in watering the tees.
keep on 继续
She kept on making experinents.
Knock at敲(门等)
Someone is knocking at the door.
loog for渴望
I’m longing for a letter from him.
look up查寻；向上看
He is looking up a new word in the dictionary.
look upon．．．as把……看作
Do you look upon him as a good friend?
learn．．．by heart 背会
She has learnt it by heart.
Leave for动身去
He is leaving for Nanjing next week.
look for寻找
The police are looking for the lost car.
Lie in 位于
The town lies in the hills.
live on 靠……生活，以……为主食
Sheep live on grass.
laugh at 对……笑，嘲笑
Don’t laugh at others.
look throut 翻阅；浏览
The boy looked through the picture book.
Mix．．．with 同……混合
Oil and water can’t mix with each other.
meetwith 遇到
She met with some difficulties.
make up one’s mind 决定
He has made up his mind what to say.
Owe to 归功于
He owed all his success to his parents.
Operate on为……手术
He operated on the wounded soldier.
Put．．．into 把……放入
She put the book into the bag.
play with 玩
The boy played with a toy tank.
Put up 举起
They put up their hands.
Put up挂起
She put up a picture on the wall.
Put off 推达
The match is put off owing to the rain.
Point out 指出
The teacher pointed out his mistakes.
preside over 主持(会议)
Who is to preside over the meeting?
present...with 赠送
He presented her with a gold watch.
Put．．．across 使理解(相信)
She didn’t put the meaning across very well.
Prevent．．．from 阻止
The snow prevented him from coming.
persist in 坚持
He persisted in doing that.
Put...into practice实施
We shall put the plan into practice.
quarrel over 为……争吵
They quarrelled over the property.
quarrel with 同……争吵
She quanelled with her mother.
Reply to 答复
He hasn’t replied to me yet.
recover from 恢复
She has recovered from her illness.
Rely on 依靠
He relied on his daughter in the past.
refrain from 设法不，忍住
Please refrain from smoking.
Rob...of...抢走
The pain robbed him of sleep.
Run over 辗过去
The bus run over his legs.
result from 由……引起
His illness results from overeating.
result in 导致
Overeating results in his illness.
Remember sb.to代问好
Please remember me to your mother.
Set about 着手干
They set about the work at once.
Set out 出发
They set out at dawn.
succeed in 成功
He succeeded in passing the exam.
Speak off 说到
She once spoke of the book to me.
Supply...with提供
They supplied the soldiers with weapons.
share in分担(享)
He shared in her joys and sorrows.
share sth with sb 与某人共同使用
She shared a room with others.
settle in安顿下来
He settled in a small town.
See through 看透
I have already seen through the man.
See to it 保证
See to it that the work is done well.
send for 派人请
We have sent for the doctor.
Stand by 支持
We’ll stand by you in your hour of need.
Stand of 代表
What does “U.S,” stand far?
spend．．．on花费
She spent a lot of money on books.
show around 带…参观
He showed the guests around the city.
talk about 谈论
what are you taking about ?
over 渡过
lie has tided over his illness.
turn against 背叛
She will never turn against her country.
turn into 变成
Water can turn into gas.
turn to 翻到，转向
Please turn to page 10.
think of 想念
We think of you all the time.
think about(of) 考虑
They are thinking about buying it.
turn on 打开
Please turn on the radio.
turn off 关掉
Please turn off the lights in the room.
tell．．．from 区分
I can’t tell her from her sister.
take off 脱去
She asked him to take off the cost.
turn out 关掉
He forgot to turn out the gas.
turn out 生产
The factory turns ont 100 cars per day.
turn round 绕着…转
The earth turns round the sun.
turn up 出现
He didn’t turn up until eleven o’clock.
to begin with 首先
To begin with,we are short of money.
wait for 等待
We shall wait for you at the school gate.
watch out for提防
We should watch out for the enemy.
write to给……写信
He wrote to me last week.
wake up 醒来
She usually wakes up at five.
wipe out 消灭
The enemy troops have been wiped out.
watch over 照看
The old should watch over the young.
二、过去分词 + 介词 （这类短语常同连系动词连用）
短 语
例句
be absorbed in全神贯注于
he is absorbed in reading.
be brudened with负重
he is burdened with a heavy load.
be connected with同……有关，同……有联系
He is no longer connected with the company.
be covered with覆盖
The road is covered with snow.
be crowded with 挤满
She is dressed in red.
be dressed in穿着
She is dressed in red.
be engaged to与……订婚
Mary is engaged to John.
be equipped with 装备
He is experienced in mending bikes.
be experienced in对……有经验
He is experienced in mending bikes.
be filled with 填满
The hole is filled with ants.
be furnished with 提供，布置
They are furnished with enough food.
be interested in对……有兴趣
He is interested in the picture.
be joined to连接，结合
One pipe is joined to another.
be known as因……而知名
He is known as a painter..
be known for因……而出名
The hill is known for the temple
be looked on as作为…看待
He is looked on as their leader.
be made into被制成，使成为
The boy was made into an artist.
be made up of由……构成
A car is made up of many different parts.
be married to与……结婚
She is married to a musician.
be pleased with对……喜欢，满意
He is pleased with the work.
be prepared for准备好
They are prepared for the journey.
be regarded as被认为
He is regarded as the greatest poet.
be satisfied with对……满意
I am satisfied with your answer.
be ashamed of对……感到羞愧
She is ashamed of her action.
be tired of(sth)对……厌烦
He is tired of this kind of life.
be terrified at被……吓一跳
He is rerrified at the snake.
三、动词 + 名词 +介词
短语
例句
apply one’s mind to专心于
He applied his mind to study.
catch sight of瞧见，看见
I caught sight of her just now.
catch(take)hold of抓住
He caught hold of the girl by the hand.
devote oneself to献身于，专心于
She devotes herself to eaching.
devote one’s life to为……献身
He devotes his life to the research.
do(great)harm to对……危害(大)
The rain has done great harm to the crops.
do(great)wrong to冤枉，委屈
Don’t do wrong to an innocent person.
feel pity for对……感到怜悯
He felt pity for the poor girl.
Fix one’s eyes on 凝视
He fixed his eyes on the girl.
form the habit of 养成……的习惯
He has formed the habit of getting up early.
Get a good hold of 抓牢
He got a good hold of the rope.
Get in touch with 同……取得联系
I got in touch with her by phone.
Get ird of 除去，摆脱
She has got rid of the had abit.
give dvice on提出……建议
He gave advice on city planning.
have none of不允许，不接受
He will have none of your empty promise.
have trust in 相信
She had trust in him.
have (no) difficulty in (没)有困难
He has difficultjy in doing the work .
have a word with同……谈话
I want to have a word with you.
have trouble in 在……有麻烦
She had trouble in the matter.
have a look at 看一下
Let me have a good at it.
have words with 同……口角(争吵)
He had words with his wife.
have (show) interest in 对……有兴趣
He has great intertst in this kind of film.
have(deep)effect on 对……有(深远)影响
The book has great effect on his life.
have mercy on 同情，怜悯
He has no mercy on the poor old man.
have(take)pity on 同情
He has great pity on the sick boy.
have the honour of有幸……
he has the honour of meeting her there.
help oneself to请吃；自用
Please help yourself to some fruit.
keep a record of记录
She kept a record of her daily life.
make friends with 同……交朋友
He made fridnds with a foreign girl.
make fun of取笑
Don’t make fun of him.
make(the)best use of 充分利用
They make the best use of the money.
make(good，full)use of (很好，充分)利用
You shold make good use of your time.
make an apology to向……道歉
He made an apology to her.
make one’s way to走向
He made his way to the house.
make preparations for 准备
She is making preparations for the holiday.
make a dive for 猛冲
The dog make a dive for the bone.
make a mistake about为……产生误会
Don’t made a mistake about her.
make a study of 研究，学习
I shall make a study of the plan.
Pay attention to 注意
He paid much attention to her life.
pass a judgement on判决……
The court passed a judgement on the case.
Put one’s heart and soul into全神贯注于
She put her heart and sould into the work.
Set fire to放火、点火
They set fire to the home.
Show respect for 尊敬
They show respect for the old.
show mercy ot 同情
Never show mercy to the enemy.
Say good-bey to 向……道别
They said good-bey to each other.
Say hello to 打招呼
He said hello to the students.
Set an example to树立榜样
He set an example to the young.
shake hands with握手
They shook hands with each other.
take aim at 瞄准
He took careful aim at the other.
take the side of 支持，站在一边
They took the side on the government.
throw light on 阐明，使人明白
His explanation threw light on the poem.
take pride in 因……而自豪
She took pride in her success.
take part in 参加
They took an active part in sports.
take delight in 以……为乐
He tood great delight in travel.
take a message for捎个口信
Please take a message for her.
四、动词 + 副词 + 介词
短语
例句
Add up to 总计为
The income adds up to 1000 dollars.
break away from 改掉，与……脱离关系
he has broken away from the bad habit.
be up to应由……，轮到……
It is up to her to answer the question.
Cut down on 削减
He has cut down on expese.
catch up with 赶上
I can catchup with them.
beat down on 直射
The sun beats down on the earth.
come up to达到(标准)比得上
The result didn’t come up to our expectations.
Com up against 遭到(反对、困难)
The plan came up with them.
do well in在……做得好
He does well in the work.
drop in on 顺便来访
He drops in on us sometimes.
do away with 废除
They have done away with the old law.
face up to面对，承担
We must face up to the fact.
Fit in with 适合，符合
The clothes fit in with her.
fall back on 依靠
He has a good friend to fall back on.
Get through with 完成，花光
They have got through with the work.
Get down to 开始认真做
Let’s get down to business.
Get on(along)with 进展，相处
He got on well with people here.
Get out of 从……出来，摆脱
He got out of debt.
go on with 继续
They went on with the meeting.
go ahead of 先行
He went ahead of them.
go back of 背信，背弃
He went back on his promise.
Got out of从……出来
A rabbit went out of the hole.
go in for参加，爱好
He has gone in for the long jump.
grow out of 产生自
The tall tree grows out of a small seed.
go ahead with进行，继续下去
He went ahead with the work and got it done.
keep up with 跟上
She can’t keep up with others.
live up to 不辜负
We shall live up to his teachings.
look out for 提防，照看
Look out for cars when crossing the street.
look up to尊敬，仰望
They all looked up to him as their leader.
look back upon 回顾
He likes to look back upon his school days.
look down upon不轻视，重视
Don’t look down upon him.
look forward to 盼望
Don’t look down upon him.
Put up with 忍受，容忍
I just can’t put up with that kind of man.
Run up against 遇到
We often run up against new words.
Ran out of 用完
I have run out of ink.
think higlly of 高度评价
They think highly of his new novel.
watch out for 当心，提防
Watch out for thieves in the street.
work hard at 努力于
He works hard at his lessons.
五、动词 + 介词
短语
例句
arrive at a conclnsion得出结论
They arrived at a conclusion at last.
burst into pieces 成为碎片
The glass has burst into pieces.
burst into tears 突然大哭
She burst into tears at the news.
burst into laughter突然大笑
The girls burst into laughter.
come to sb’s help (aid)前来援助某人
Some boys came to her help.
come to the rescue前来营救
The firemen came to the rescue.
come into use开始使用，实施
The new tool come into use two years ago.
come into power当权，执政
The king came into power last year.
come into effect开始生效
The new rule will come into effect soon.
come into being产生，建立
The custom came into being long long ago.
come into light发亮
The star came into light at dawn.
come to conclusion得出结论
They will come to a conclusion.
do up one’s hair梳理头发
She is doing up her hair.
Fly into a temper耍脾气
He flew into a tempr at her words.
Get into trouble陷入麻烦
He has got into trouble in business.
Get in a word插话
Don’t get in a word.
help sb. to one’s feet帮助某人站起来
They helped her to her feet.
make up one’s mind下决心
He has made up his mind to do it.
play away one’s time虚度光阴
The man played away his time.
plunge into sorrow使陷入悲伤
He was plunged into deelp sorrow.
Put sth. to use使用，利用
You should put the dictionary to a good use.
Set to work开始工作
They set to work after a rest.
take on a new look呈现新面貌
The town has taken on a new look.
【锦囊妙计，战胜自我】
1.动词及动词短语几乎年年必考，所涉及到的动词知识都是常用，的常见的。
2.平时要进行大量的阅读，在阅读中去理解动语短语
get,come,look put,turn,take,send set,carry,call,have,care,pay,hold,keep,think,hear,make,give,hend,deal,ask等。
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