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1.Maintain (保持) a healthy weight
Being overweight can significantly (显著地) increase your risk of developing cancer， heart disease and strokes (中风). If you are concerned about your weight， your GP should be able to provide you with information and support in finding a healthy weight for you.
2.Keep active
Taking regular exercise is the key to keeping your weight down. Exercise doesn’t have to be hard work or be limited to the gym. Walking， swimming and even housework and gardening are all excellent forms of activities. Try to aim for 30 minutes a day of exercise that leaves you slightly out of breath but still able to hold a conversation. As your fitness increases， you will find that you have to work harder to become out of breath and this in turn will increase your fitness level.
3.Eat a balanced diet
Making sure you eat a wide range of foods is another way of helping to keep your weight down as well as making sure you get the nutrients (营养物) you need. You should aim to eat at least five portions (一份) of fruit and vegetables each day and try to eat fresh products rather than processed foods.
4.Quit smoking
Quitting smoking is one of the easiest ways to cut the risk of developing cancer. Smoking is a significant risk factor for cancer， and it is a direct cause of nine out of ten cases of lung cancer. This is because cigarettes contain approximately (大约) 4，000 compounds (混合物)， some of which are known to be carcinogenic (cancercausing).
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Section_ⅠWarmup & Lesson 1 — Prereading
[原文呈现]
A Couch Potato
Fortythreeyearold① Brian Blakey from Birmingham is sitting on his sofa and telling me about his perfect②day.
“When I wake up③ I don’t get up④ immediately. I turn on⑤ the television and watch the children’s programmes and old movies until about halfpast ten. Then I get up, go downstairs and switch on⑥ the TV in the living room. For lunch, I have biscuits and a glass of milk, and I watch the news. In the afternoon, I often watch another old film — they’re showing some good ones⑦ at the moment⑧. In the evenings, I often watch TV series⑨ or sport and the news again. I like the main news at six o’clock. At nine thirty, if there is a good play⑩ on BBC⑪2, I switch over⑫ and watch it. Then at night, I watch more films and I usually switch off⑬ the TV at about two o’clock. I never watch TV all night⑭.
[读文清障]
①fortythreeyearold是合成形容词，作定语。此时year用单数形式。
②perfect adj.极好的，美好的
③wake up (＝become awake)醒来，苏醒
④get up 起床；站起来
⑤turn on打开(反义短语：turn off)
⑥switch on 把开关打开，接通
switch/swItʃ/vt.转换，转变
⑦ones此处指代old films。
⑧at the moment 此刻，目前
⑨series/'sIəriːz/n.系列节目；系列
TV series 电视连续剧 a series of 一系列
注意：series单复数同形。
⑩play n．戏剧；短剧
⑪BBC＝British Broadcasting Corporation 英国广播公司
VOA＝Voice of America美国之音
⑫switch over 转换频道，转变
⑬switch off 把……关掉，关上
⑭all night (＝all night long) 一整夜
all day and all night 整日整夜
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终日懒散在家看电视的人——沙发土豆
[第1～2段译文]
(来自伯明翰的43岁的布赖恩·博莱克正坐在沙发上向我讲述他美妙的一天。)
“早上醒来，我不马上起床。我先打开电视，看看儿童节目，看看老影片，一直看到约10点半。然后我起床、下楼，打开起居室的电视。午餐时，我边吃饼干、喝牛奶，边看新闻。下午，我经常再看一部老影片——眼下电视里正播放一些非常好看的老电影。晚上我要么看电视连续剧，要么看体育节目，接着再看新闻。我喜欢看6点的重要新闻。9点半，如果英国广播公司2频道有好看的电视剧，我会调过去看看。夜里，我接着看电影，通常看到大约凌晨两点才关电视。我从不通宵看电视。
I watch TV for sixteen or seventeen hours a day⑮. I also do some exercise⑯ every day. I take Tina, the dog⑰， for a walk every afternoon. I don’t go far, of course. I walk to the wall outside my house. I always take my portable⑱ TV and I sit on the stone wall while⑲ the dog walks round⑳ in a circle.
Of course, I couldn’t live this lifestyle without a good wife. She’s not here now because she’s working， but she always makes my meals. We haven’t got much money, you know， but we’re happy. Sit down and watch TV. Here’s the remote control. You’ve got the world at your feet. And in your hand. Great！”
⑮a day此处表示“每天/一天(几小时)”。
⑯do exercise“锻炼”。exercise意为“锻炼，运动”时，为不可数名词；意为“练习，训练活动，习题，体操”时，为可数名词。
take exercise 进行体育锻炼
do morning/eye exercises 做早操/做眼保健操
⑰the dog为Tina的同位语。
⑱portable/'pɔːtəbəl/adj.轻便的，手提(式)的
⑲while“然而”，用于强调两种情况、活动等之间的对比。
⑳walk round 绕圈走
not/never ... without ...是双重否定，意为“没有……就不能……”。
because引导原因状语从句。
you know是插入语。
remote control 遥控 remote/rI'məʊt/adj.遥远的
[第3～4段译文]
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我一天要看十六七个小时电视。每天也会出去活动活动。每天下午我带着小狗蒂娜出去散步。当然，我不会走远，只走到我家房子外的墙边。这时，我总是随身携带着手提电视，坐在石墙上看，小狗则在我身边绕圈。
当然，没有一个好妻子，我是不可能过上这种(妙不可言的)生活的。她在工作，所以现在不在家。她天天给我做饭。你知道，我们虽然钱不多，但过得很快乐。坐在家里，看着电视，手握遥控器，世界就在你脚下，在你手中。这种感觉可真棒！”
A Workaholic
Thirtysixyearold Bob Black is sitting at his desk and working his way through his paperwork.
“I normally wake up about five minutes before my alarm clock goes off. As soon as I hear my alarm clock, I jump out of my bed. It takes me less than fifteen minutes to wash, get changed， have breakfast, leave home and get on a bus.
I am always the first person to get to the office. The mornings are always very busy and the afternoons are even busier! Meetings and phone calls take up a large part of the day. Every minute of the day is filled with urgent matters. By around eight o’clock, I usually find some time to do my own paperwork and answer some personal emails.
workaholic/ˌwɜːkə'hɒlIk/n.工作狂
work one's way through sth.自始至终做某事
paperwork/'peIpəwɜːk/n.日常文书工作
normally adv.通常
alarm clock 闹钟
alarm/ə'lɑːm/n.警报，警告器
go off (铃、爆竹等)响
as soon as (＝no sooner ... than)一……就……
get changed 换衣服
It takes sb. some time to do sth.“做某事花费某人一些时间”，为固定句式。
动词不定式短语to get to the office作定语，修饰the first person。
even作程度副词，可修饰形容词或副词的比较级。
take up 占据
be filled with 充满着 be full of 充满……
urgent/'ɜːdʒənt/adj.急迫的，紧急的
personal adj.私人的；个人的
工作狂
[第1～3段译文]
(36岁的鲍勃·布莱克正坐在写字台前忙着他的案头工作。)
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“我通常在闹钟响前大约5分钟就醒了。闹钟一响，我立刻跳下床。从洗漱、换衣服、吃早饭、离开家到坐上公共汽车只用不到15分钟的时间。
我总是第一个到办公室的人。每天早晨都很忙，下午更忙！一天的大部分时间都在开会和打电话。每一分钟都充斥着急待处理的事情。通常大约晚上8点我才有时间处理自己的事，回复些私人电子邮件。
When I get home at about ten, I look at some documents that I bring back from the office so that I can be ready for the next day’s work. I get to bed around midnight when my wife and children are already asleep.
I seldom have time for fun and other activities with my family. My family complains about it. But I try to work hard so that I can make more money for them. Besides，I get bored if there’s nothing to do. I like being busy.”
document/'dɒkjʊmənt/n.公文，文件
around adv.(＝about)大概，大约
midnight/'mIdnaIt/n.午夜，半夜
complain vi.抱怨；投诉
try to do sth.尽力做某事 try doing sth.尝试做某事
make money 挣钱 earn money 挣钱
so that引导目的状语从句，从句中多含有情态动词can/could/will/would等。
besides adv.而且，还有prep.除……之外(还)
except表示“(不包括在内的)除……之外”。
bored/bɔːd/adj.厌烦的，不感兴趣的
[第4～5段译文]
晚上大约10点我才能到家，到家后要浏览一些从办公室带回的文件，为第二天的工作做准备。我一般半夜才上床睡觉，那时妻子和孩子们早已进入梦乡。
我很少有时间娱乐或和家人一起活动。我的家人总是抱怨，但我得拼命工作，为他们赚更多的钱。而且，要是没事可做我会觉得无聊。我喜欢忙忙碌碌。”
Prereading
Please match the words with their proper meanings.
1．lifestyle A．和平的；平静的
2．suppose B．轻松的，放松的
3．switch C．抱怨；投诉
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4．remote D．遥远的
5．document E．生活方式
6．midnight F．充满压力的，紧张的
7．peaceful G．认为，猜想
8．relaxing H．文件
9．stressful I．午夜，半夜
10．complain J．转换，转变
11．urgent K．厌烦的；不感兴趣的
12．bored L．急迫的，紧急的
1～5 ___________ 6～10 ___________ 11～12 _____
答案：1～5 EGJDH 6～10 IABFC 11～12 LK
Leadin
1．What’s your lifestyle? Discuss it with your partner and write out some words which can describe lifestyles.
参考答案：boring,_busy,_dangerous,_exciting,_free,_interesting,_relaxing,_stressful,_free,
peaceful,_lazy_etc.
2．What lifestyles do they have? Fill in the blanks with proper words according to the pictures.
(1)A couch potato’s lifestyle is lazy because he/she just watches TV every day but does nothing at all.
(2)Business managers live a busy and stressful life.They keep calling and having meetings all day.
(3)The typists sit in front of computers typing words all the time, so they must have a boring lifestyle.
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(4)Firefighters deal with fires and all kinds of dangerous things, so maybe they live a dangerous life.
Whilereading
Fastreading
Scan the text and choose the best answer.
The writer of this article wants to tell us that ________.
A．it’s important to have a good wife
B．it’s a bad habit to watch too much TV
C．money makes people happy
D．it’s important to have a healthy lifestyle
答案：D
Carefulreading
1．Read the text carefully and choose the best answer.
(1)What does Brian Blakey like best from the text?
A．Doing exercise. B．Taking a walk.
C．Watching TV. D．Working.
(2)Who do you think may live a healthy life, Brian Blakey or Bob Black?
A．Brian Blakey. B．Bob Black.
C．Neither of them. D．Both of them.
(3)We learn from the text that Brian Blakey is ________.
A．lazy B．stressed
C．healthy D．busy
答案：(1)～(3) CCA
2．True (T) or False (F)．
①Brian is not satisfied with the kind of lifestyle.__F__
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②Brian’s wife goes out to work and supports the family.__T__
③Bob is poor so he has to work day and night.__F__
④Bob almost has no time to spend with his family.__T__
⑤Bob’s wife often quarreled with Bob for him doing nothing.__F__
Studyreading
Analyze the following difficult sentences in the text.
1．It takes me less than fifteen minutes to wash, get changed, have breakfast, leave home and get on a bus.
[句式分析] It takes sb. some time to do sth.意为“花费某人……时间做某事”，it 作形式主语，真正的主语是to wash, get changed, have breakfast, leave home and get on a bus，其中get, have, leave前面省略了不定式to。
[尝试翻译] 从洗漱、换衣服、吃早饭、离开家到坐上公共汽车只用不到15分钟。
2．When I get home at about ten, I look at some documents that I bring back from the office so that I can be ready for the next day’s work.
[句式分析]
[尝试翻译] 晚上大约10点我才能到家，到家后要浏览一些从办公室带回的文件，为第二天的工作做准备。
3．I get to bed around midnight when my wife and children are already asleep.
[句式分析] 这是一个主从复合句，包含一个定语从句。I get to bed around midnight是主句；when my wife and children are already asleep是定语从句，修饰先行词midnight。
[尝试翻译] 我一般半夜时分才上床睡觉，那时妻子和孩子们早已进入梦乡。
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
Most of us lead unhealthy lives; we spend far too much sitting down. If in addition we are careless about our diets, our bodies soon become loose and fatty and our systems slow moving.There are some aspects (方面) of our unhealthy lives that we cannot avoid. I am thinking of such features of modern city life as pollution, noise, rushed meals and stress. But keeping fit is
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a way to reduce the effects of these evils. The usual suggestion to a person who is looking for a way to keep fit is to take up some sport or other. While it is true that every weekend you will find people playing football and hockey in the local park, they are outnumbered a hundred to one by the people who are simply watching them.
For those who do not particularly enjoy competitive sports — and it is especially difficult to do so if you are not good at them — there are such separate activities as cycling, walking, jogging and swimming. What often happens though is that you do them in such a leisurely way, so slowly, that it is doubtful if you are doing yourself much good, except for the fact that you have at least managed to get up out of your armchair.
Even after you have found a way for keeping in shape，through sport or gymnastics, you are still only half way to good health, because, according to the experts, you must also master the art of complete mental and physical relaxation (放松)．It has to do with deep breathing, emptying your mind of all thoughts, meditation, and so on. Yoga, as practiced in the West, is the most widely known and popular of the systems for achieving the necessary state of relaxation. It seems ironical(讽刺性的), though, that as our lives have improved in a material sense we have found it increasingly necessary to go back to forms of activity — physical effort on the one hand and relaxation on the other — which were the natural way of life of our forefathers.
语篇解读：健康的生活不仅包括适当的生理锻炼，还包括心理保健。
1．Pollution, noise and stress are examples of________.
A．causes of unfitness
B．bad features of living in towns
C．the things we can completely do away with
D．unavoidable things in a town
解析：选B 细节理解题。根据第一段中的“There are some aspects (方面) of our unhealthy lives that we cannot avoid. I am thinking of ... noise, rushed meals and stress.”可知pollution, noise, stress是生活在城市一些不健康的、不太好的方面。
2．To be healthy we must ________.
A．keep fit and active
B．keep fit and learn to relax
C．be active and practise Yoga
D．have a sound mind
解析：选B 细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“you must also master the art of complete mental and physical relaxation”等处可知，光锻炼是不够的，还要注意心理保健。健康包括
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生理的和心理的(锻炼和心理放松)两个方面。故B项最佳。
3．Our forefathers were healthy because________.
A．their way of life closely connected with both exercise and relaxation
B．they were careful to get plenty of fresh air
C．they spent most of the time out of doors
D．their environment was not polluted
解析：选A 细节理解题。根据最后一段中的 “... physical effort on the one hand and relaxation on the other — which were the natural way of life of our forefathers.”可知，我们祖先的生活方式很健康，是因为他们的生活方式与锻炼和放松密切相关。
4．What would be the best title for the text?
A．How to Keep Fit
B．How to Learn to Relax
C．How to Live a Healthy Life
D．How to Practise Yoga
解析：选C 标题归纳题。根据全文可概括出。
B
According to the Oxford English Dictionary, the term “couch potato” first appeared in print in a December 1979 edition of the Los Angeles Times. Since then, it has become a familiar term for a person who spends a lot of time sitting, and little time exercising. Although there does not seem to be any particular reason why the term “couch potato” is used rather than “couch tomato”， a person may become a “couch potato” because living this way is said to make you round like a potato. The term is also said to have something to do with the connection of potatoes with highcalorie (卡路里) food like potato chips.
People now would say “couch potato” whenever they talk about overweight and obesity (肥胖). Indeed, “couch potatoes” are believed to risk heart disease, which can be avoided by regular exercise.
It is true that technology and modern life in general make us sick, fat, lazy and physically/mentally soft. The more time people spend using technology, particularly televisions and computers, the less time they will spend being physically active.
“Couch potato” kids are a particular concern. Media reports repeatedly claim that children today are fatter than their elder generations, but less athletically skilled, less interested in physical
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activity and more addicted (上瘾的) to “junk food” and technology such as televisions and computers. The message is clear：today’s children are fat because they are lazy and eat too much.Moreover, because technology is becoming more sophisticated (复杂的), children are less able to resist (抵抗，忍得住) technology’s attraction, and are more likely to spend more time using technology, less time doing physical activity and, therefore, more likely to be fat.
语篇解读：本文主要介绍了“couch potato”的由来、危害及预防。
5．The first paragraph is mainly talking about________.
A．why “couch potato” is used as a term for a person
B．when “couch potato” is used as a term for a person
C．how “couch potato” is different from “couch tomato”
D．what kind of person looks like a potato
解析：选A 主题大意题 。第一段主要是谈论couch potato的由来，即它用来指某一类人的原因。
6．The development of technology also makes us sick because________by using technology.
A．we are more likely to risk heart disease in modern life
B．we spend less time doing exercise
C．we needn’t do many things by ourselves any more
D．we spend all our time watching TV and playing computer games
解析：选B 细节理解题。从第三段最后一句可知，我们运用高科技的时间越多，锻炼的时间就变得越少。
7．It’s kids’ ________that people are particularly concerned about.
A．food B．study
C．health D．hobby
解析：选C 细节理解题。最后一段的第一句“’Couch potato’ kids are a particular concern”及下文可知，“Couch potato” kids 指的是那些肥胖的孩子，而“肥胖”是关系健康的问题。
8．According to the passage, the author may suggest that ________.
A．scientists should stop their research into technology
B．parents should take better care of their children
C．kids should be stopped from using new technology
D．people should spend less time using technology
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解析：选D 推理判断题。从短文中我们可以得知，科技的发展使人们把更多的时间用在了看电视、玩电脑上而大大减少了锻炼的时间，造成了couch potato之类的问题，所以作者可能是在建议人们在看电视、玩电脑上少花点时间。
C
The clock struck eleven at night. The whole house was quiet. Everyone was in bed except me. Under the strong light, I looked sad before a huge pile of that troublesome stuff they call “books”．I was going to have my examination the next day. “When can I go to bed ？” I asked myself. I didn’t answer. In fact I dared not.
The clock struck twelve. “Oh, dear！” I cried. “Ten more books to read before I can go to bed ！” We pupils are the most wretched (不幸的) creatures in the world. Dad does not agree with me on this.He did not have to work so hard when he was a boy.
The clock struck one. I was quite hopeless now. I forgot all I had learned. I was too tired to go on. I did the only thing I could. I prayed, “Oh God, please help me pass the exam tomorrow. I do promise to work hard afterwards, Amen.” My eyes were so heavy that I could hardly open them. A few minutes later, with my head on the desk, I fell asleep.
语篇解读：你有过这样的经历吗？平时只顾着玩了，忽然间就要考试了，在考试前一晚挑灯夜战希望能通过考试。这种痛苦只有自己才能感受到。
9．When the author was going over his lessons, all the others in the house were ________.
A．asleep B．working in bed
C．outside D．quietly laughing at him
解析：选A 细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Everyone was in bed except me.(所有人除了我之外都在床上。)”可知，当作者在复习功课时，屋子里的其他人在睡觉。故选A。
10．Reviewing his lessons that night didn’t help him because________.
A．it was too late at night
B．he was very tired
C．his eyelids were so heavy that he couldn’t keep them open
D．he hadn’t studied hard before the examination
解析：选D 细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“I do promise to work hard afterwards”可知，临考试之前再复习功课显然来不及了，因为他以前没用功，所以他祈祷让他通过考试，答应以后会努力学习。故选D。
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11．The best title for the passage would be ________.
A．The Night before the Examination
B．Working Far into the Night
C．A Slow Student
D．Going over My Lessons
解析：选A 标题归纳题。根据描述可知，时间发生在考试前，作者想通过挑灯夜战达到通过考试的目的。故选 A项(考试前一晚)最形象、贴切。
Ⅱ、阅读七选五
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Kids’ health：Four steps for fighting stress
Everybody gets stressed from time to time.__1__Some ways of dealing with stress — like screaming or hitting someone — don’t solve (解决) much. But other ways, like talking to someone you trust, can lead you to solving your problem or at least feeling better.
Try taking these four steps the next time you are stressed：
(1)Get support.When you need help, reach out to the people who care about you. Talk to a trusted adult, such as a parent or other relatives.__2__They might have had similar problems，such as dealing with a test, or the death of a beloved pet.
(2)Don’t take it out on yourself.Sometimes when kids are stressed and upset they take it out on themselves. Oh, dear, that’s not a good idea. Remember that there are always people to help you. Don’t take it out on yourself.__3__
(3)Try to solve the problem.After you’re calm and you have support from adults and friends, it’s time to get down to business.__4__Even if you can’t solve it all, you can solve a piece of it.
(4)Be positive.Most stress is temporary (暂时的). Remember stress does go away, especially when you figure out the problem and start working on solving it.
These steps aren’t magic, but they do work. And if you can stay positive as you make your way through a tough time, you’ll help yourself feel better even faster.__5__
A．Ask for a helping hand to get you through the tough situation.
B．Notice your friends’ feelings and find a way to help them.
C．Different people feel stress in different ways.
D．Ah, it feels so good when the stress is gone.
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E．You need to figure out what the problem is.
F．And don’t forget about your friends.
G．Then, find a way to calm down.
答案：1～5 CFAED
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