Could you please clean your room
单元语法聚焦三
情态动词 could 表示请求
1．could引导的句子表示请求
(1)“Could you please do…？”意为“请你做……好吗？”，表示请求对方做某事。表达否定意义时，用“Could you please not do…？”，意为“请不要做……好吗？”please可放在句中，也可以放在句末。 如：
Could you give me a hand, please?
请帮我一下好吗？
Could you please not speak so loudly?
请不要这么大声说话好吗？
(2)“Could I do…， please？”意为“请问我能做……吗？”，表示请求允许。 如：
Could I have a look at your new computer, please? 请问我可以看看你的新电脑吗？
(3)表示请求，还可以用“Would you please do…？”等。如：
Would you bring the photos here?
你把照片带到这儿来好吗？
2．对could引导的一般疑问句的应答
(1)could表示请求时，同意请求可用：Yes./Certainly./Of course./Yes, please./It's OK./No problem./All right./I'll be glad to.等。如：
—Could you buy a new bike for me, Mom?
妈妈，您能给我买辆新自行车吗？
—Certainly. 当然可以。
(2)如果不同意请求，出于礼貌，通常要用委婉语气，可用：I'm sorry, you can't(…)/Sorry, I'm afraid not(…)/You'd better not(…)/I'm sorry, but…/No, please don't(…)等。如：
—Could you please do the dishes?
你可以洗餐具吗？
—Sorry, I'm afraid not. I have to do my homework at once.
对不起，恐怕不行。我得马上写作业。
(3)could 表示请求时，无论是肯定还是否定回答，都要用确定的语气，可用can或may，避免使用could。could在应答中表示不确定语气，容易让对方误解。如：
—Could you give me a hand, please?
请问你能帮我一下吗？
—Certainly, I can.
当然，我能。
(4)could 作为can的过去式时，不表示委婉语气，对其一般疑问句的回答仍然用could。如：
—Could she sing English songs at the age of five? 她五岁时会唱英文歌曲吗？
—Yes, she could. 是的，她会。
—No, she couldn't. 不，她不会。
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( )1.2018·临沂Could you please speak a little louder? I ________ hear you very well.
A．can't B．mustn't
C．shouldn't D．needn't
( )2.2018·兰州—Jerry, could you tell me how to take a taxi through “Didi”？
—________．
A．Take it easy
B．You are welcome
C．Thank you
D．Sure, I'd love to
( )3.2018·抚顺—Could you please help me carry the heavy bag?
—________．
A．It's a pleasure
B．With pleasure
C．You're welcome
D．It doesn't matter
( )4.2017·重庆B—Robert, could you wash the car for me?
—Yes, I________. I'm coming, Dad.
A．could B．couldn't
C．can D．can't
( )5.2017·滨州—Could I invite my friends to the party on Saturday, Mom?
—Of course you ________. That sounds like fun.
A．may B．could
C．must D．can
( )6.2017·襄阳—Could you go to the new movie with me now?
—Sorry, I ________. Look, it's time for me to watch The Reader on CCTV.
A．can't B．can
C．needn't D．must
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教师详解详析
1．A 2.D 3.B
4．C 本题考查情态动词的用法。以could引导的表示请求的疑问句，肯定回答用can，否定回答用can't。故选C。
5．D 考查情态动词的用法。“Could I…？”用于向对方提出请求，意为“我可以……吗？”对方若接受请求，常回答“Yes/Sure, you can.”故选D。
6．A
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