英语.docx

‎2019届溧水高级中学高三高考适应性考试英语考试试题 第I卷 选择题(共3部分，满分85分)‎ 第一部分：听力（共两节，满分20分）‎ 做题时，先将答案标在试卷上，录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。‎ 第一节（共5小题；每小题1分，满分5分）‎ 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。‎ 例：How much is the shirt?‎ A. £ 19. 15. B. £ 9. 18. C. £ 9. 15.‎ 答案是 C。‎ ‎1. What does Mrs. Lamb want William to do?‎ A. Paint the wall. B. Pay for the glass. C. Help cut the grass.‎ ‎2. How much will the man pay?‎ A. $5. B. $10. C. $20.‎ ‎3. What does the woman want to do with the washing machine?‎ A. Throw it away. B. Have it repaired. C. Sell it to Nelson.‎ ‎4. Which flight will the man take?‎ A. 10:20. B. 11:00. C. 11:45.‎ ‎5. What is Jennifer going to do?‎ A. Buy some paper. B. Check her work. C. Start a business.‎ 第二节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）‎ 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有2至4个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有5秒钟的时间阅读各个小题；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。‎ 听下面一段对话，回答第6和第7题。‎ ‎6. Where does the conversation probably take place? ‎ A. At a bus stop. B. At an activity centre. C. At an information desk.‎ ‎7. What will the man probably do? ‎ A. Buy a book. B. Go to a festival. C. Visit the woman.‎ 听下面一段对话，回答第8至第10题。‎ ‎8. Where are the speakers?‎ A. At the theater. B. At the hospital. C. At the railway station.‎ ‎9. What does the woman do?‎ A. She’s a driver. B. She’s a singer. C. She’s a doctor.‎ ‎10. What did the man do to help the woman?‎ A. Book the hotel. B. Look after Alan. `C. Play in the concert.‎ 听下面一段对话，回答第11至第13题。‎ ‎11. What is the woman doing? ‎ A. Asking for advice. B. Chairing a meeting. C. Hosting a program.‎ ‎12. When was Bergen founded? ‎ A. In 1070. B. In the 1200s. C. In the 1830s.‎ 14‎ ‎13. What does Mr Wilson suggest people do in Bergen? ‎ A. Read a fairy tale. B. Walk around the city. C. Buy a wooden house.‎ 听下面一段对话，回答第14至第17题。‎ ‎14. What is the probable relationship between the speakers? ‎ A. Strangers. B. Roommates. C. Neighbours.‎ ‎15. Where did Paul get the information about the flat? ‎ A. From a good friend. B. From Mrs Hamilton. C. From the newspaper.‎ ‎16. How many bedrooms are there in the flat? ‎ A. Three. B. Two. C. One.‎ ‎17. What does the woman ask Paul to do? ‎ A. Pay the rent first. B. Come to see the flat. C. Call her this afternoon.‎ 听下面一段独白，回答第18至第20题。‎ ‎18. Who has become the Union Party leader?‎ A. Robert Tennen. B. Harry Johnson. C. Jim Hardy.‎ ‎19. What will happen to 10th Street tomorrow?‎ A. It will be closed. B. It will be cleaned. C. It will be rebuilt.‎ ‎20. What will the weather be like tomorrow?‎ A. Sunny. B. Snowy. C. Rainy.‎ 第二部分：英语知识运用（共两节，满分35分）‎ 第一节：单项填空（共15题：每小题1分，满分15分）‎ 请认真阅读下面各题，从题中所给的ＡＢＣＤ四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。‎ ‎21. Nowadays, job seekers focus more on ________ they can realize their potential in their new jobs instead of putting salary in the first place.‎ ‎ A. whether B. why C. that D. what ‎22. You can learn to write well through hard work, but you may never be __________ Hemingway.‎ ‎ A. the one B. other C. another D. the other ‎23.---How about going to the cinema to watch the Wandering Earth?‎ ‎ ---Good idea. I ________ how to kill the time.‎ ‎ A. wonder B. had wondered C. was wondering D. will wonder ‎24. ---Your new trousers are slightly large. You should have chosen a smaller size.‎ ‎ ---You are out of touch. __________ trousers are the latest fashion.‎ ‎ A. Tight B. Loose C. Irregular D. Flexible ‎25. A stupid man’s report of what a clever man says is never accurate, because he __________ translates what he heard into something he can understand.‎ ‎ A. unconsciously B. secretly C. fundamentally D. flexibly ‎26. ---Why have you been rushed off your feet recently?‎ ‎ ---Two team members ________, we have had to take over their work.‎ ‎ A. being sent away B. to be sent away ‎ C. having sent away D. having been sent away ‎27. Our language programs can offer courses specially ________ to suit the needs of learners of different levels.‎ ‎ A. registered B. delivered C. tailored D. clarified 14‎ ‎28. Many factories have been quick to adapt AI-assisted robots for survival________ rising labor shortages and costs. ‎ A. in preference to B. in response to C. in regard to D. in contrast to ‎29. The old man looked up towards the moon and seemed, judging from his facial expression, _____ of his family. ‎ ‎ A. to think B. thinking C. to have thought D. to be thinking ‎30. Andy is now occupied in gardening work and she would be happier if her husband, Frank, helped her, but he _________.‎ ‎ A. hadn’t B. wasn’t C. isn’t D. didn’t ‎31. ---How long shall we wait here?‎ ‎ ---The first bus set out earlier than usual today and _______ be here any time, I think.‎ ‎ A. should B. might C. can D. must ‎32. ---To my joy, Diana and Rose have __________.‎ ‎ ---Me too! “Harmony is the most precious” is the basic idea of Chinese traditional culture.‎ ‎ A. made up B. broken up C. ended up D. kept up ‎ ‎33. ---Have you heard of the saying “____________”?‎ ‎ ---Of course, it’s no wonder quite a few millionaires don’t feel happy with so much money sometimes nowadays.‎ ‎ A. Money is everything B. A light purse is a heavy curse.‎ ‎ C. Every coin has two sides D. A penny saved is a penny earned ‎34. ______ there is much debate about the safety of driverless cars, they have the potential to change our transportation system.‎ ‎ A. As B. When C. Despite D. While ‎35. --- You are ambitious enough to get hired by that big corporation.‎ ‎ --- _________. Fortune may smile on me some day.‎ ‎ A. I hope so B. It depends C. You never know D. That’s nothing 第二节：完形填空（共20小题；每小题1分，满分20分）‎ 请认真阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。‎ Steve Brosnihan is the "resident cartoonist" at the Hasbro Children's Hospital in Providence, Rhode Island, a bittersweet — but mostly sweet — job that means he 36 from room to room drawing and chatting and doing whatever else he can think of to 37 the sick children. During one visit in 2010, he was saying good night to a teenage patient 38 he had a bright idea — literally.‎ Brosnihan told the teenager to wait until he 39 , then look out his hospital room window toward the corner near the bus stop. The cartoonist 40 to that spot in the India Point Park area of Providence, turned around, and flickered his bike light up toward the hospital. To his surprise, the teen 41 , flickering his own room lights right back.‎ Every night after that, Brosnihan flickered his light, and more and more 42 flickered back. When he mentioned the ritual(仪式) to a friend who worked at a 43 restaurant called the Hot Club, the owner said he wanted in too. He started to flick the neon Hot Club sign for one minute every night at 8:30. Soon enough, the customers started joining in with flashlights and cell phones. Almost 44 , a simple gesture was morphing(changing) into a powerful 45 between residents who didn't know one another and sick children eager for a ray of 46 . The ‎ 14‎ ritual earned a name: Good Night Lights.‎ ‎"It is all I look forward to 47 all day," says Abigail Waldron, aged ten, who has seen Good Night Lights during two extended stays for leukemia treatment. “It just shows you that somebody is helping you 48 your whole experience in the hospital.”‎ Slowly but surely, more businesses have joined the light brigade. More than 20 groups in Providence are officially on board for the 8:30 p. m. flicker. Some even 49 big flashing lights on their buildings just for this initiative.‎ The East Providence Police Department already had plenty of 50 — on their police cars — and every Wednesday night, the officers 51 up their cruisers(cars) on the other side of the Providence River and 52 them. Even tugboats on the river join in to give their own incandescent good-night wave to kids who are going through 53 situations and sleeping in a strange place.‎ ‎"It's a very powerful permutation of the signal," Brosnihan says. The most powerful of all, he adds, may come from the families of children who have died 54 return to the hospital to flicker a light outside to 55 patients who are still in treatment. "It would be very hard not to do this," says Brosnihan, "once you start"‎ ‎36. A. rushes B. wanders C. checks D. marches ‎37. A. bring up B. care for C. cheer up D. help out ‎38. A. when B. while C. where D. that ‎39. A. returned B. left C. warned D. arrived ‎40. A. ran B. walked C. fled D. biked ‎41. A. reacted B. reflected C. responded D. recalled ‎42. A. kids B. people C. staff D. volunteers ‎43. A. native B. generous C. local D. distant ‎44. A. by mouth B. by luck C. by design D. by accident ‎45. A. invention B. connection C. devotion D. expression ‎46. A. joy B. rest C. pride D. truth ‎47. A. completely B. naturally C. basically D. necessarily ‎48. A. with B. during C. against D. through ‎ ‎49. A. covered B. settled C. installed D. removed ‎50. A. alarms B. lights C. signs D. volunteers ‎51. A. hold B. turn C. line D. pick ‎52. A. sound B. start C. light D. flash ‎53. A. scary B. pleasant C. unsafe D. cheerful ‎54. A. otherwise B. after C. though D. yet ‎55. A. satisfy B. support C. honour D. inspire 第三部分：阅读理解（共15小题;每小题2分，满分30分）‎ 请认真阅读下列短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。‎ A 14‎ Rubbermaid Commercial Stainless Steel Oven Monitoring Thermometer(温度计) FGTHO550‎ by Rubbermaid Commercial Products ‎4.3 out of 5 stars 2,274 customer reviews Price: $7.01‎ Color: Metallic Made of wearable stainless steel, this oven thermometer is designed to endure the test of the toughest professional and home kitchens. The scale reads in both Fahrenheit and Celsius, and it features clearly marked temperature differences to aid accurate readings. Easy to install, the thermometer comes equipped with a convenient hanger, so it can be suspended from an oven rail. Its self-standing design also allows it to stand upright on a baking pan in the oven.‎ Easy-to-Read Dial This oven thermometer measures and displays true oven temperature, helping to ensure precise results when preparing food.‎ Durable Stainless Steel Design With its stainless steel construction and rock-resistant lens, this thermometer withstands tough and repeated use. And with its long 10-year warranty, it's sure to become one of your kitchen mainstays.‎ About manufacturer Rubbermaid Commercial Products, headquartered in Winchester, Va, is a manufacturer of innovative, solution-based products for commercial and institutional markets worldwide. Since 1968, RCP has pioneered technologies and system solutions in the categories of food prep services, cleaning maintenance, waste handling, material transport, and safety products.‎ Product details l Product Dimensions: 6.1 x45x 1.5 inches; 1 pound l Domestic Shipping: Item can be shipped within U.S l International Shipping: This item can be shipped to selected countries outside of the U.S. Learn More l Amazon Best Sellers Rank:‎ No.1 in Home Kitchen>Oven Thermometers special offers and product promotions ‎ l pay with your credit card or your Amazon. Com Gift Card. Apply now.‎ ‎56. Which of the following features does the product enjoy?‎ A It's made of quality plastic easy to be bent.‎ B. It is assisted with electronic dial reading system.‎ C. It could be positioned within the oven in two ways.‎ 14‎ D. It is resistant to shake and press.‎ ‎57. Which description about the product is true?‎ A. It provides unconditional domestic and international shopping.‎ B. It sells best in Oven Thermometers section on Amazon.‎ C Over 3000 customers have commented on the product.‎ D. It could be paid for only through credit card.‎ B Some people always seem to have sunny outlooks, while others never stop complaining. Naturally, scientists have asked why.‎ In a study, University of Minnesota researchers David Lykken and Auke Tellegen analysed well-being questionnaires answered by 254 twins over a 10-year period. They found that identical twins’(同卵双胞胎) happiness was much closely paired over time than that of fraternal twins.(异卵双胞胎) In a smaller sample of twins separated in infancy and raised apart--- removing the influence of a shared environment --- the effect was slightly more pronounced. The authors went on to calculate that about 50 per cent of happiness genetic. The scientific community is still arguing about the exact number, but the basic finding is widely accepted.‎ If a large part of happiness is genetic, does that mean the rest can be acquired by upgrading your job, your house or where you live？‎ Decades of research support the theory of hedonic adaptation(享乐适应), sometimes called “happiness treadmill”: after negative and positive life changes, individuals tend to return to a baseline level of well-being. One study examined 3,658 Germans who moved into new houses because they were frustrated with their old ones. Housing satisfaction generally rose in the first year and then began falling, though remained higher than before the move. But life satisfaction remained unchanged. Other studies have found that spikes in well-being after marriage, or a job promotion tend to fade within months. On the flip side, even after calamitous changes like widowhood, disability, and job loss, happiness usually trend upward again(although slowly and with more variability).‎ In other words, chasing material life changes doesn’t offer much joy. Does that mean happiness is out of our control? Not at all, says Sonja Lyubomirsky, a psychology professor at the University of California, Riverside and the author of The Myths of Happiness. After conducting a review of 51 “happiness interventions” ---including writing letters of gratitude, counting one’s blessings and practicing random acts of kindness--- Lyubomirsky and her co-author, Nancy L. Sin, found that these simple activities had a significance effect on well-being. In addition, enjoying positive experiences tended to increase appreciation of them.‎ ‎“Happiness is not something where you either have it or you don’t. You definitely can do something about it,” says Lyubomirsky.‎ ‎58. The theory of Hedonic adaptation refers to “___________”.‎ ‎ A. a person’s happiness grows over time.‎ ‎ B. a person tend to be happier when positive changes occur ‎ C. a person tends to be less happy when negative changes occur.‎ ‎ D. a person’s long term happiness is not significantly affected by any event.‎ ‎59. The underlined word “calamitous” in paragraph 4 can be best replace by _________.‎ ‎ A. significant B. gradual C. disastrous D. constant ‎60. Which of the following may Soja Lyubomirsky agree with?‎ 14‎ ‎ A. Man is the master of his happiness. ‎ B. He who makes others happy is truly happy.‎ ‎ C. Joy and sorrow are next-door neighbors.‎ ‎ D. Joys shared with others are more enjoyed.‎ C When Noah Shulman was born a few days after Christmas 2016, his parents Kristelle and Evan had no reason to worry about him. Everything went smoothly. But within a few days of taking his first breath, Noah began to struggle. After a painful month of medical emergencies, the Shulmans learned that their son had a rare genetic disease that affected his mitochondria (线粒体). Unfortunately, there are no treatments for mitochondrial disorders, as it’s not yet possible to repair or alter the affected mitochondrial genes using gene therapy.‎ Although told by doctors that they wouldn’t have a healthy biological child, and exploring options like adopting, the Shulmans weren’t ready to give up on having biological children. Then they learned about mitochondrial replacement therapy (MRT), a promising innovation in fertility ( 生育) treatments which is considered as a form of genetic editing. It involves replacing just the mutated (突 变 ) mitochondria with healthy mitochondrial DNA from a donor, while keeping the biological mother’s and father’s DNA complete.‎ ‎“We are breaking down a barrier that has certainly never been crossed before,” says Dr. Michio Hirano, medical director of the laboratory of molecular genetics at Columbia University, who plans to perform MRT for the Shulmans as part of a study. “Clearly biologically the embryo or person generated has three different sources of DNA, and that’s a unique or novel concept.”‎ Scientists like Hirano and families like the Shulmans are far more comfortable with that than are policymakers. Federal policy not only prevents scientists from using government money for research on human embryos, but also prohibits the Food and Drug Administration from even accepting applications to consider approving the procedure. That’s why Hirano found private funding for his study, which the Shulmans and five other couples have joined. Even so, he can only perform MRT; he cannot transfer the embryos for pregnancy ( 受孕). They remain frozen until policies change. “Right now we are in suspension with these embryos,” he says. “We can’t move forward until we have permission to move forward.”‎ Many researchers argue that universal dismissal of any research involving genetic alteration of human embryos, like MRT, closes off valuable work that could lead to treatments for diseases. But they also acknowledge that some fast-moving scientists overseas, who are already introducing permanent genetic changes in embryos, may be going too far, as it’s not yet clear how safe and effective these interventions are. In November, a Chinese bioengineer alarmed both the scientific community and the public when he announced he had used a powerful but still untested gene-editing tool called CRISPR to introduce a genetic change in twin girls when they were embryos to make them resistant to HIV infection. CRISPR’s developers noted that the long-term implications of editing the human genome aren’t known, and stood by their previous call for a voluntary moratorium ( 暂停) on work on genetically editing human embryos that will be transferred for pregnancy.‎ Kristelle and Evan will still have to wait but they believe that time will have been well spent if it leads to new ways for people to have families. “Even if it doesn’t work out for us now, we hope one day it will for everyone affected by mitochondrial diseases,” says Kristelle.‎ ‎61. Which of the following about MRT is TRUE according to the passage?‎ 14‎ A. A person doesn’t necessarily need a donor to receive MRT. ‎ B. It edits the biological parents’ DNA completely.‎ C. An embryo is produced by using three sources of DNA.‎ D. It successfully helps couples like the Shulmans have healthy babies.‎ ‎62. What can we learn from Paragraph 4?‎ A. Scientists can’t use government fund to do research on human embryos. ‎ B. The Shulmans and five other couples have funded Hirano’s study.‎ C. It has a long way to go before human embryos are created. ‎ D. Significant changes will soon be made to federal policy.‎ ‎63. Why does the author mention what the Chinese bioengineer has done?‎ A. To criticize the Chinese bioengineer for his irresponsibility.‎ B. To prove that genetic editing can prevent some deadly diseases.‎ C. To justify the universal dismissal of any research on altering genes.‎ D. To show researchers’ concern over the long-term influence of editing genes.‎ ‎64. The passage is mainly about .‎ A. an appeal against genetic editing B. a new frontier in fertility treatment C. a controversial policy under discussion D. an anxious couple seeking fertility treatment D ‎“I don’t know the future,” shrugged Neo in 1999’s The Matrix. “I came here to tell you how it’s going to begin.” With him, on-screen and off, The Matrix pulled audiences into the future of cinema.‎ The Matrix. Magnolia. Being John Malkovich. Fight Club. The Blair Witch Project. The Sixth Sense. Office Space. Man on the Moon. The Talented Mr. Ripley. Boys Don’t Cry. Three Kings. Toy Story 2. The Iron Giant. Eyes Wide Shut. Cruel Intentions. Election. American Pie. Notting Hill and Runaway Bride. 1999 might be the greatest year of modern cinema. I think so. If you aren’t crazy about two-thirds of these films, do you even like movies?‎ What’s certain, however, is that 1999 is the most vital year of modern cinema— the moment that Hollywood featured the chosen ones who would become the heroes of the new millennium (千禧年), from David Fincher to Spike Jonze to a young girl named Angelina Jolie, who introduced herself to the public by winning best supporting actress for playing a mental patient.‎ What explains 1999’s extraordinary films? DVD sales began in 1997 and flooded studios with extra cash, especially in those first years as home viewers built their collection. Studios invested their money in a generation of upstart (初出茅庐的) directors, predicting that audiences would buy a good film twice: once in the theater, and again for their shelf.‎ Suddenly, the geniuses who’d been discovered during the independent wave in Sundance Film Festival in the 1990s were entrusted ( 委托) with millions of dollars. It was a creative renaissance. Directors seized the chance to get weird. Paul Thomas Anderson scored $37 million to shoot Magnolia. David O Russell shouldered $47 million to satirize (讥讽) the Gulf war. Even Spike Jonze, a music video director with zero film credits to his name, secured $13 million to transport audiences to a multiverse (多元宇宙).‎ 14‎ These up-and-coming directors became major 21st-century voices. Part of the reason Anderson, Russell and Jonze are still the kings is that today’s directors haven’t been given the same golden ticket. The talent exists; the cash doesn’t. Ambitious mid-priced films went extinct when the DVD empire began to fall apart in 2008. Instead of betting on filmmakers with personal styles, studios put their chips on big screen superheroes. Stand out at this year’s Sundance, and instead of being handed the freedom to dream, you’ll be given the keys to a special permission—and a conference table of producers as supervisors. Or you’ll stay small forever, struggling to be seen amid the crush of streaming media competing for the audience’s attention.‎ Have a close look at the films of 1999 and we have a suspicion that we’re stuck in The Matrix ourselves. The near past is repeating like an endless program. But we’re also feeling a deeper connection to 1999. The Year 2000 panic triggered filmmakers to think pessimistically about the future of human survival. And some of the directors feared that mankind had become too weak and materialistic to survive the millennium.‎ Therefore, in 1999 our heroes didn’t win. They failed. They disappeared. They died. They blew up their world. But some film-makers still believe that the future is our world and we can change our tomorrow.‎ ‎65. Which of the following is TRUE according to Paragraphs 2 and 3?‎ A. A majority of the audience are crazy about the movies produced in 1999. ‎ B. The Sixth Sense and Toy Story 2 were among the great movies of 1999.‎ C. Angelina Jolie was acknowledged as the best leading actress of the year. ‎ D. There appeared a bunch of big screen superheroes to save the world.‎ ‎66. The film studios invested in a generation of upstart directors partly because .‎ A. they predicted more money would be made by selling DVDs B. those directors cooperated better with young film stars C. people were attracted to theatres by superheroes D. directors seized the chance to persuade them to do so ‎67. The underlined expression “the same golden ticket” probably refers to .‎ A. good films B. excellent characters ‎ C. fame and privilege D. money and chance ‎68. The sentence “The risk paid off.” should be placed at the beginning of Paragraph .‎ A. three B. four C. six D. seven ‎69. The underlined part “in 1999 our heroes didn’t win. They failed. They disappeared. They died. They blew up their world.” shows that _____ .‎ A. those filmmakers were pessimistic about the future of human survival B. sad ending movies were well received by home viewers at that time C. tragedies have had a lasting influence on modern films since 1999‎ D. the following generation would have a deeper connection to 1999‎ ‎70. Which is the best title of this film review?‎ A. 1999—the Beginning of Modern Cinema B. Millennium—a Cinema Season of Panic C. 21st Century— a Pessimistic Future of Human Being D. 1999—the Greatest Year in Modern Cinema 14‎ 第Ⅱ卷 (两部分 共 35 分)‎ 第四部分 任务型阅读 (共 10 小题；每小题 1 分，满分 10 分)‎ 请认真阅读下列短文，并根据所读内容在文章后表格中的空格里填入一个最恰当的单词。‎ 注意：每个空格只填 1个单词。请将答案写在答题卡上相应题号的横线上。‎ Let’s be honest: we all try to win arguments on the Internet, even though we know it’s pointless. Sometimes when you are going through Your Facebook or your Twitter feed, bad opinions and misunderstandings just jump out at you. But if it seems like your impeccable logic is always met with hostility and digging in, well, that’s exactly what is happening.‎ Psychologists have put a lot of thought into how people argue, both online and off. They’ve found plenty of reasons why people rarely change their minds.‎ Part of the problem is that correcting someone can actually strengthen the memory and influence of their original belief, the one you think is clearly wrong. It is known as the backfire effect.‎ A study in the Journal of Consumer Research in 2005 demonstrated this by giving 335 people a list of science facts and myths, then clarifying right afterward which were true and which weren’t. 30 minutes later, they asked half of the subjects which things on the list were true, and they were pretty good at separating myths from facts. But when they tested everyone else 3 days later, that group made a lot of mistakes.‎ Psychologists think that’s because we use how familiar something is as a guide to whether it’s true. And all you need to do to make something familiar is to repeat it. This effect doesn’t seem to always happen when people’s false beliefs are corrected. Some studies have failed to find a backfire effect, especially when the topic was political.‎ Another challenge is that we all suffer from confirmation bias: we can look at the same evidence but come to different conclusion based on what we believe is true. If evidence confirms what you already believe, it jumps out at you and you pay attention to it. Meanwhile, we tend to gloss over contradictory evidence and just forget about it.‎ A 2013 study with more than a thousand participants showed this with political beliefs. People were shown the results of a fictional study about gun violence and were asked whether the evidence supported gun control. But since the study was made up, the researchers made two versions, one in which the data were in support of control measures, and another where the data were flipped(翻转). When people were then asked whether the study they read supported gun control, the data barely made a difference. If the person supported gun control, they thought the data did, too, and vice versa.‎ So even if you’ve got some super-solid evidence in support of your position, showing it to those who disagree might actually lead them to the opposite conclusion.‎ And remember: all of this concerns you, too.‎ The mysterious backfire effect ‎(71)_________‎ Even though we know the results don’t make(72) _____________, we still try to win arguments online. However, people rarely change their minds despite your perfect logic.‎ Explanation In reality, correcting someone can strengthen the memory and influence of their original belief, (73)__________is called backfire effect.‎ 14‎ One research ‎★The participants were pretty good at separating myth from fact right after they were told. But when they were tested 3 days later, that group made a lot of mistakes.‎ ‎★Served as a guide, (74)_____________ is often used to judge whether something is true or not. ‎ ‎★Some studies have failed to find a backfire effect, especially when it comes to political issues.‎ ‎★Suffering from confirmation bias, we will not take notice of evidence unless it shows our(75) __________ belief is true. ‎ Another research ‎ ‎★ The results of a fictional study about gun violence were shown and participants were asked whether the evidence supported gun control.‎ ‎★ When the study was made up, the researchers made two data versions, one of which were in support of control measures, and another were (76)____________ gun control.‎ ‎★Whether what they read justified gun control, the result was (77)_____________ with what they thought before.‎ ‎(78)‎ ‎___________‎ ‎★Even if you have solid evidence in favor of your opinion, your efforts to argue people into changing their minds may actually end in (79)________.‎ ‎★ The same principle(80) ___________to you.‎ 第五部分：书面表达（满分25分）‎ 阅读下面短文，然后按照要写一篇150词左右的英语短文。‎ A Chinese university is offering students a 50% discount in its canteen if they show some common courtesy to staff, it’s reported.‎ The new incentive(刺激) has been implemented at Anhui Normal University in the eastern city of Wuhu, as part of campus-wide campaign to improve students’ manners, the official provincial news site Anhui Online reports.‎ To qualify for the discount, which cuts the cost of a meal from 6 yuan ($1; 60p) to 3 yuan, students only have to utter niceties such as "hello", "please" and "thank you". Anyone who tells staff "You worked hard" will also be rewarded.‎ ‎"Recently the school hosted a great discussion into how we could introduce ideas about proper social manners, and we considered how to give the canteen an educational function," says university official Jing Fangming.‎ While the idea might be popular with cash-strapped students, it hasn’t impressed many users on Chinese social media. "I can’t believe you actually have to use money to get basic etiquette(礼节)," writes one on the Sina Weibo microblogging site.‎ ‎【写作内容】‎ ‎1. 以约30个单词概括上文的主要内容；‎ ‎2. 以约120个词来谈谈你的想法，内容包括：‎ ‎（1）你对这所大学的做法有何看法并给出理由；‎ ‎（2）你对如何提高学生的文明礼仪有何建议。‎ ‎【写作要求】‎ ‎1. 可以参照阅读材料内容，但不得直接引用原文中的句子。‎ ‎2. 作文中不能出现真实姓名和学校名称。‎ 14‎ ‎2019省溧中高考适应性考试英语参考答案 听力(1’*20)‎ ‎1～5 CBBAA 6～10 CBCBA 11～15 CABAC 16～20 BBAAC 单选(1’*15)‎ ‎21~25 ACCBA 26~30 DCBDC 31~35 AACDC 完型填空(1’*20)‎ ‎36~40 BCABD 41~45 CACDB 46~50 ACDCB 51~55 CDADB 阅读理解(2’*15)‎ ‎56~60 CBDCA 61~65 CADBB 66~70 ADCAD 任务阅读(1’*10)‎ ‎71. phenomenon 72. sense 73. which 74. familiarity 75. original/former/previous ‎ ‎76. against 77 consistent 78. Conclusion(s) 79. vain 80. applies 书面表达(25’)‎ A possible version：‎ In order to improve students’ manners, Anhui Normal University is offering food discount in its canteens to students who show some common courtesy to staff, which caused huge debate. (29words)‎ ‎ Controversial as the practice might be, I don’t think there is anything wrong with it. Although we have long been warned of the booming of a generation who pay less attention to their social behavior, not enough has been done to improve it except for some empty sermons. In this case, the university deserves praise as it really acted on it. Besides, we all know that any good habits cannot be formed naturally without conscious reinforcement. I fully believe that if students are encouraged to utter niceties repeatedly, politeness will finally become part of their nature.‎ ‎ From my perspective, we can encourage students to improve their manners by keeping records of their daily conduct and rewarding those with good manners with extra credits. And when they are graduating, we also can favour them by offering better working opportunities. ‎ 听力原稿：‎ Text 1‎ M: I’m very sorry, Mrs Lamb. It’s all my fault. I allowed William to play with the ball against the wall. I’ll pay for the glass.‎ W: Well, I would rather he help me cut the grass.‎ Text 2‎ M: Excuse me. How much are the tickets, please?‎ W: They are $10 each, but students go half price.‎ M: Two student tickets, please. Here are our student IDs.‎ Text 3‎ W: Jim, do you know anyone who can help me with this terrible washing machine?‎ M: Usually, I will call the Nelsons’ company, but if you want to spend less, you may call the Andersons instead.‎ Text 4‎ M: Hello, is there a flight leaving for London at 11:00?‎ W: Nothing round that time, but there are flights leaving at 10:20 and 11:45.‎ 14‎ M: All right, I’ll take the earlier one.‎ Text 5‎ M: Jennifer, our business is growing fast. Please make sure that we have enough paper to keep up with our work.‎ W: I remember we bought some last month. Shall I order some more now?‎ M: Yes, please do.‎ Text 6‎ M: Hello. Could you please help us? We’d like a map of this city. ‎ W: Yes, here you are.‎ M: Oh, could you also give us some information about the film festival?‎ W: Take this booklet. It has all the information about the activities that will be put on during the festival.‎ M: Thanks. And one last thing, do you have a bus timetable for East Town?‎ W: Yes, here you are.‎ M: Thank you very much.‎ Text 7‎ W: Well, I’d better be going. My train is about to leave anytime now. ‎ M: Right.‎ W: It was nice meeting you. Thanks for coming to see me off.‎ M: That’s all right. It was nice meeting you, too. I really enjoyed the concert. I think it went really well. All the songs you sang last night were great.‎ W: Thank you, and thanks for being so helpful — booking the hotel and everything. ‎ M: It was my pleasure. I should thank Alan. If he hadn’t been ill, I wouldn’t have had this chance to help organize the concert and to meet you.‎ W: Oh, yeah. Give my regards to Alan. I hope he’ll be better soon. Well, I’ll be off, then. I’ll see you around.‎ M: OK, see you.‎ Text 8‎ W: Mr Wilson, it’s nice to have you with us this evening. ‎ M: Well, I’m glad to be on the program to introduce my hometown.‎ W: OK, let’s begin. Does Bergen have a long history?‎ M: Yes, it does. Bergen was founded by King Olav Kyrre in 1070, and it became Norway’s first real capital in the 13th century. Until the 1830s, Bergen was the biggest town in Norway, because it was a major European trading seaport then. ‎ W: What are the major industries in Bergen?‎ M: Well, fishing and oil & gas industries are important parts in Bergen’s economy. Trade and traveling by sea also play an important role. Many tourists visit the city every year.‎ W: Why are tourists so interested in Bergen?‎ M: Bergen is famous for its unusual beauty of the sea and mountains and old wooden buildings. You have to experience it for yourself. The city is worth touring around on foot. Slowly walking around old streets where people have lived for centuries is like a fairy tale. You will see small wooden houses, streets with stone steps, and flowers everywhere.‎ Text 9‎ W: Hello. This is the Hamiltons’...‎ 14‎ M: Oh, hello. My name’s Paul Blake. I’m ringing about the flat.‎ W: Oh, yes. You saw it in the newspaper, didn’t you?‎ M: That’s right. Could you tell me something about the flat?‎ W: Well, there’s quite a big sitting room and a kitchen.‎ M: Good. What about bedrooms?‎ W: There are two bedrooms: one big and one small, but quite nice.‎ M: I see.‎ W: It’s an upstairs flat, on the top floor of the house. We live downstairs.‎ M: Uh…how much is it exactly?‎ W: Well, 200 pounds a week.‎ M: 200 pounds?‎ W: Look, why don’t you come round and see the flat? Then you can make up your mind. It’s better than trying to talk about it over the phone.‎ M: Yes. May I see it now?‎ W: Well, it’s a bit difficult for me this morning. I’ve got to go out.‎ M: How about this afternoon? At about three?‎ W: OK. Three would be fine for me.‎ M: Right. See you this afternoon, then. Bye.‎ Text 10‎ M: Hello, this is Harry Johnson with the news update of this hour. In the race for the 11th Union Party leader, after the final count, Robert Tennen has beaten Jim Hardy by 10%. In other news, 10th Street will be closed for two days starting at noon tomorrow, as the water company needs to repair a water pipe there. Drivers are advised to take 8th Street or 9th Street instead. Finally, the weather. Today’s high was 73 degrees. Slightly cooler temperatures with rain are expected tonight. There will be more rain tomorrow with a high of only 62 degrees. This is Harry Johnson for news update. Listen for the complete day’s news at 10:00 tonight.‎ 14‎