太原五中2019—2020学年度第一学期阶段性检测
高 三 英 语
出题人、校题人：史海玲 荆晋慧 张旭军 王轶芳 郝媛 (2019.10.9)
第一部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分60分）
第一节 （共15小题；每小题3分，满分45分）
(A)
Many of us know about Russia’s Lake Baikal from our textbooks, or by listening to Chinese singer Li Jian’s hit song, Lake Baikal. But over the past decade, the world’s deepest freshwater lake has been in the spotlight for an extreme sport.
Each March since 2005, about 150 people from around the world sign up for the Baikal Ice Marathon. They come to explore the lake’s breathtaking beauty and challenge themselves in unpredictable conditions.
The 26-mile (41. 84-kilometers) journey starts on the lake’s eastern shore. In March, the ice is a meter thick and iron-hard. Runners cross this frozen surface, finishing on the western side of the lake.
Known as the “blue eye of Siberia”, Lake Baikal has exceptionally clear waters. This means its ice is almost perfectly transparent. “Seen from above, a runner on the ice looks as if he or she is jogging through space,” The New York Times noted.
The landscape might be beautiful, but it’s also harsh. Strong winds blast (侵袭) across the lake and frostbite (冻伤) can occur within half an hour. Runners say the cold climate is what draws them. They want to test their limits.
“When you are in such an environment, you don’t have cars around you, you don’t have the noise around. I think these extreme races allow you to be alone with nature,” Alicja Barahona, a 64-year-old runner from the US, told ABC News.
The location offers some strange and unique characteristics for this marathon. The finish line is visible from the start. But the endless white offers no progress markers. The race also ends with little fanfare (喧闹). Tourists crowding the ice are mostly addicted to snapping series (自拍) and just ignore the runners.
For some runners, the absence of spectators makes the race more challenging, because it’s lonely. They must fight with themselves. “You are alone on Baikal. It is your race. You are alone with yourself. All you need to do is to defeat yourself,” Veronique Messina, a French runner, told the Telegraph.
1. What can we know about the Baikal Ice Marathon from the text?
A. It takes runners from the northern end to the southern end of the lake.
B. It involves extreme weather and beautiful scenery.
C. It attracts more and more participants each year.
D. It is about 26 kilometers in length.
2. How does the Baikal Ice Marathon differ from other marathons?
A. Only men are allowed to run in this race.
B. The runners can see the finish line from the start.
C. The runners are often distracted by tourists.
D. There are many progress markers on the ice.
3. What is the most difficult part of the race for Messina?
A. Loneliness. B. The long distance.
C. The cold climate. D. Noisy surroundings.
(B)
In 1972, a social worker named Sanjit Bunker Roy founded Barefoot College in Tilonia, Rajasthan. Today the college trains women from villages for six months to build and maintain solar panels and other instruments. Barefoot College also offers education to the younger generation both during the day and at its solar bridge schools that meet by lamplight at night.
The philosophy of Barefoot College is largely inspired by the principles of Gandhi, starting with equality beyond caste (种姓), gender or religion. As a matter of fact, women are prioritized (优先考虑) as an underserved population that is essential to bringing villages together. Another central principle of the college is self-reliance, teaching students to support and think for themselves.
After the college’s female students have completed their half-year of training, they return to their villages where they wait for solar panel parts to arrive from the college. Once they have all the pieces they need, they construct the panels and begin collecting solar energy. For each village, the college also provides solar lamps. Villagers can, in addition, order parts for other solar-powered devices, such as water heaters and cooking stoves. Once assembled, they and the lamps are powered by the solar panels.
The effect on the villages is huge. Before the solar panels and lamps arrived, villagers had only candles to light their homes. This prevented adults from doing serious work at night, and it made studying difficult for children as well. As for physicians, they had difficulty treating patients and performing operations at night because they had to rely on flashlights.
Now there is power for not only the electrical appliances that the college provides but also devices like televisions, radios and computers. For the first time, the villagers can even connect to the world through the Internet.
4. What does this text explain about the college?
A. How it accomplishes its goals.
B. How its global efforts are funded.
C. How its founder hires employees.
D. How it works with the government.
5. Which idea is communicated by the college to women?
A. They should be more involved in politics.
B. They don’t have to depend on others.
C. They aren’t educating their daughters enough.
D. They focus too much on their communities.
6. Which role do the women play after they return to their villages?
A. They’re merchants. B. They’re composers.
C. They’re technicians. D. They’re journalists.
7. In the past, what was hard to provide in villages after dark?
A. Dry shelter B. Clean water
C. Medical care D. Food supplies
(C)
Imagine you are opening your own company and want to hire a manager. You have two candidates and they are both capable and experienced, so who would you rather hire: Julia Watson or Shobha Bhattacharva? Chances are that you would prefer Watson, right? But why?
“Easy names are evaluated as more familiar, less risky and less dangerous, ” Eryn Newman, a scientist at Victoria University of Wellington, New Zealand, told Scientific American. As a result, people with easier names are often assumed to be more trustworthy. This is what Newman and her teammates have found in their recent study.
In the experiment, they picked 18 different foreign names, including difficult-to-pronounce ones like Yevgeni Dherzhinsky and easy names like Bodo Wallmeyer. They then attached each name with a statement such as “turtles are deaf” and “giraffes are the only mammals that cannot jump” and asked volunteers whether they thought the claims were true.
The results showed that claims connected to easier names were more often ranked as believable than those attributed to difficult names, regardless of what the truth really was. In fact, previous studies have already found that our judgments about products can be affected by their names. For example, we tend to think of a food additive (添加剂) with an easier name as safer and a stock with an easier name as more lucrative (利润丰厚的)，according to Medical Daily.
But researchers pointed out that this effect can change depending on where someone comes from. For example, a native British man may find “Yevgeni Dherzhinsky” hard to pronounce while Russian people could say it without effort. Newman hopes that this finding can make us better see our biases (偏见). It’s not just unfair to people that we make judgments based on gut feelings (直觉) rather than facts, and it can sometimes have serious consequences.
For example, we may choose to believe certain eyewitnesses in court simply because their names sound more trustworthy even if they are actually lying. Or, we may let go of qualified job candidates due to their “difficult” names.
Now, if you could make that decision again, would you still prefer Julia Watson to Shobha Bhattacharva?
8. What did Newman and her teammates discover in their experiment?
A. Volunteers with easier names were more likely to choose true claims.
B. A difficult name doesn’t influence the way the volunteers viewed the claims.
C. Volunteers trusted claims paired with easy names more often.
D. Volunteers trusted claims connected with difficult names.
9. The underlined words “this effect” in Paragraph 5 refer to the effect ______.
A. names have on peoples judgments
B. gut feelings have on people from different places
C. of decisions made based on facts
D. of people’s biases against certain types of people
10. What can we conclude from the last paragraph?
A. We should think twice before we make a decision.
B. The harder your name is to pronounce, the more likely it is you will get a job.
C. Judging people based on their names may cause serious problems.
D. Russians have less bias against people’s names than the British.
11. What is probably the best title for the text?
A. Names Affect Products
B. Employers Prefer Shobha Bhattacharva
C. Difficult Names are Trustworthy
D. Easy Names Win Out
(D)
Many of us have had this experience: we lie down in a bed other than our own, perhaps at a friend’s house or in a hotel room, and find it difficult or impossible to fall asleep. Is it because the bed is uncomfortable? Maybe, but perhaps there can be other reasons.
According to a new study published in Current Biology, a significant reason is what the scientists call “first night effect”. They believe that one side of the brain acts as a “night watch” to warn us about potential dangers. It forces us to stay awake on the first night in a new environment. For the study, 35 young volunteers were asked to sleep in a sleep lab for several days. Meanwhile, researchers watched their brain activities.
According to the researchers, on their first night, the left brains were more active than the right brains and people had a hard time sleeping. However, left-brain activity decreased as days went by, falling even to the point of complete calm. In this process, the participants got an increasingly better sleep experience.
The findings suggest that the different rhythms (5%) of the sides of the brain affect our sleep. When the two sides work differently, the balance between them is broken. Thus, the brain can’t relax and is sensitive to anything strange in the surroundings, just as it is in daytime.
“At some level, the brain is continuing to analyze things, even though you are not aware of the analysis, ” US professor Jerome Siegel told Smithsonian Magazine. “If something unusual happens --- if a door opens or you hear a key in a lock--- you can be alert, even though the intensity of the stimulus (刺激) is quite low.”
More surprisingly, this phenomenon is similar to the way some animals sleep. Whales, dolphins, and many birds can sleep with half of their brain while the other half stays awake, with its corresponding eye staying open.
The researchers think that it is the result of evolution, and works to protect us in potentially dangerous environments.
If you have ever had what you think is “first night effect”, researchers suggest that you bring your own pillow or sleep in a room similar to your bedroom next time you sleep away from home.
12. What did the new study published in Current Biology find?
A. A comfortable bed could help people sleep well in a new environment.
B. Most people could sleep well in a new environment after the first night.
C. Brain activities affected people’s sleep in a new environment.
D. The right brain determined how well people slept in a new environment.
13. What was found out about the volunteers?
A. Their left brains were more active on the first night.
B. Their right brains became more active as days went by.
C. Their right brains kept them awake the whole night.
D. They slept better in the sleep lab than at home.
14. What do the researchers think makes the brain sensitive to new things?
A. The bad sleep experiences people have had.
B. The tiredness that people suffer from in daytime.
C. The imbalance between the two sides of the brain.
D. The strangeness of the things that people come across
15. What do the researchers think of “first night effect” ?
A. It has evolved as a way to protect us.
B. It’s a characteristic that animals don’t have.
C. It’s completely different from the way animals sleep.
D. It helps people to get used to new environments quickly.
第二节 （共5小题；每小题3分，满分15分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
A rocket problem that forces astronauts to evacuate (撤退) may appear to be a plot straight out of a Hollywood movie. However, that is exactly what happened to Russian astronaut Alexey Ovchinin and American astronaut Nick Hague. ____16____
The event happened shortly after the Soyuz rocket and its Soyuz MS-to space capsule (联盟号太空舱) carrying the astronauts took off from Baikonur Cosmodrome, Kazakhstan. ____17____
The takeoff went off smoothly, but just 119 seconds later, officials from Russia’s space agency informed NASA the booster (助推器) had failed to separate from the capsule. ____18____ Instead, they were ordered to evacuate by separating the capsule and returning to Earth in what is known as a ballistic descent mode (弹道下降模式). The sharp drop is similar to free-falling from the skies and subjects astronauts to high levels of g-force.
_____19_____ They appeared to be in excellent condition when they crash-landed about 20 kilometers east of Dzhezkazgan, Kazakhstan, just 34 minutes after they stopped the task. Upon arrival, they were quickly found by the rescue team from Baikonur Cosmodrome and taken to the hospital for a quick check-up to ensure they had not suffered any injuries during their rough ride back to Earth.
It will take a few weeks for experts to determine what caused the problem of the usually reliable Soyuz rocket. ____20____ Hague, who was on his way to the space station for the first time later joked, “I imagined that my first trip to outer space was going to be a memorable one. I didn’t expect it to be quite this memorable.”
A. To their sadness, this event became a nightmare for their future space journey.
B. The two scientists were on their way to carry out a six-month task at the International Space Station.
C. Surprisingly, the harrowing event has not stopped Hague’s and Ovchinin’s wish to go to space.
D. Thus, the astronauts didn’t head to the International Space Station.
E. And luckily, they became the main characters of the movie about space exploration.
F. Fortunately, the “movie” had a happy ending with both scientists returning to Earth safely.
G. Fortunately, Hgue and Ovchinin had been well-trained for such emergencies.
第二部分 语言知识运用（共两节，满分55分）
第一节 （共20小题；每小题2分，满分40分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
For most of my life, I knew nothing about motorcycles. I believed that motorcycle riders were tough and leather-wearing _21_. In my mind they were the kind of people who were constantly looking for trouble, _22_ the roar of a motorcycle engine to frighten others off.
Then, on a warm May evening outside our house my boyfriend began to _23_ me his new motorcycle. “It’s beautiful, isn’t it?” he asked. I didn’t really _24_ what I was looking at.
It wasn’t _25_ August that I was able to actually ride on the motorcycle with him. I _26_ very well: a new helmet and slightly oversized leather jacket.
The first ride was _27_. I held on a little too _28_ and breathed a little too infrequently. The cars felt a little too _29_ and traffic seemed to move too fast. Then, the bike carried us higher and higher into the hills. We _30_ and stopped to watch the sun set over the city _31_. I swung my leg over to get off the bike, slightly _32_ and full of nervous energy.
Sometimes, when he was gone on a Saturday ride, I’d _33_ his leathers and look in the mirror, _34_ if I looked like a biker myself.
Since then, I’ve learned a few things and slowly my prejudices about motorcycles and motorcycle riders have started to _35_. Sitting on the back of a motorcycle, _36_ all your trust in someone to get you safely home is a way of _37_ you that you love them.
Maybe the most important lesson, _38_, is that you really can’t judge a book by its cover --- no matter how much leather it wears. Motorcycle riders are not _39_, or mean, or unapproachable. They are adults who remember the freedom of riding their _40_ motorcycle, and are continuously seeking to recreate the experience.
21.
A. loners
B. tourists
C. professionals
D. workers
22.
A. reducing
B. taking
C. using
D. testing
23.
A. tell
B. show
C. find
D. bring
24.
A. sense
B. hate
C. consider
D. understand
25.
A. after
B. until
C. before
D. since
26.
A. presented
B. bought
C. prepared
D. thought
27.
A. tricky
B. moving
C. catchy
D. simple
28.
A. relaxed
B. tight
C. loose
D. nervous
29.
A. back off
B. expensive
C. far away
D. close
30.
A. set off
B. pulled over
C. got up
D. made it
31.
A. below
B. above
C. inside
D. outside
32.
A. shaky
B. funny
C. obscure
D. dull
33.
A. try out
B. try on
C. take on
D. take up
34.
A. reckoning
B. realizing
C. wondering
D. feeling
35.
A. decrease
B. exchange
C. achieve
D. change
36.
A. leaving
B. losing
C. placing
D. giving
37.
A. warning
B. impressing
C. keeping
D. reminding
38.
A. yet
B. still
C. instead
D. though
39.
A. scary
B. satisfactory
C. terrified
D. pleasant
40.
A. last
B. first
C. cool
D. successful
第二节 （共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Tik Tok, ___41_____ launched in China as “Douyin” in September 2016, describes ____42___ (it) as a forum to capture and present the world’s creativity, knowledge, and precious life moments___43___ (direct) from the mobile phone. It is owned by Bytedance, a startup ____44___ (base) in China that is considered one of the world’s most valuable private companies.
Tik Tok users tap and hold_____45____ (record) a short video and can add music and visual effects. The videos can then be uploaded with hashtags to join a variety of topics and trends.
Most of the videos, which tend to last around 15 seconds, show someone dancing, lip-syncing (对口型) ____46____ a song or a video clip, or pulling some kind of running gag (笑料), ____47____ the app has also gained followings among some particular groups, especially military personnel.
Part of the charm and ___48____ (attract) of Tik Tok is that its younger users have embraced it as a place to experiment with the kind of Internet humor that _____49_____ ( not succeed) on other platforms yet. Kevin Roose in the New York Times called the app a refreshing outlier in the social media universe that brought him ____50___ rare sensation of “happiness”.
第三部分 写作（共两节，满分35分）
第一节 短文改错（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）
假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉。
修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2. 只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。
I am glad to know that Tang poetry appeals you so much. Now, I’m writing to satisfy your burnt curiosity. What’s more, I’d like to offer you some advices on understanding it.
Tang poetry, which represents the traditional Chinese culture, have a splendid history and enjoys a great reputation international. With the minimum of words, it gives a clear picture and conveys a certain emotion. However, Tang poems are easy to recite because they usually have a strong rhythm.
As for learning strategies, I want to give you some suggestions. First of all, you’d better start with the works of some representative poets, among them Li Bai, Du Fu and Bai Juyi were the most outstanding ones. What’s more, it is necessary to get some relevant background of knowledge about the poets. In addition, reciting one poem repeatedly is the best approach to get the hang of it.
Hope you can adopt our suggestions.
第二节 书面表达（满分25分）
我校要举办一次名画展，现就展出场所征集公众意见:在主校区(main school)还是新校区。假设你是李华，用英语给杨校长写一封信表达你的想法。信件内容包括：
1.简述写信的目的及你对场所的选择；
2.说明你的理由。
注意：字数100字左右
Dear Mr. Yang,
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________.
Yours,
Li Hua
太原五中2019—2020学年度第一学期阶段性检测
高 三 英 语(答案)
第一部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分60分）
第一节 （共15小题；每小题3分，满分45分）
1-3 BBA 4-7 ABCC 8-11 CACD 12-15 CACA
第二节 （共5小题；每小题3分，满分15分）
16-20 FBDGC
第二部分 语言知识运用（共两节，满分55分）
第一节 （共20小题；每小题2分，满分40分）
21-25 ACBDB 26-30 CABDB 31-35 AABCD 36-40 CDDAB
第二节 （共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
41. which 42. itself 43.directly 44.based 45. to record
46.to 47. but 48.attraction 49. hasn’t succeeded 50. the
第三部分 写作（共两节，满分35分）
第一节 短文改错（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）
1.appeal 后加to
2.burnt改为burning
3.advices改为advice
4.have改为has
5. international 改为internationally
6. However改为Besides或Moreover
7.them改为 whom
8.去掉of
9.get改为getting
10. our改为my
第二节 书面表达（满分25分）
Dear Mr. Yang,
I’ve learned that an exhibition of famous painting is to be held and that you’re collecting suggestions on its location. I’m writing this letter to share with you my opinions.
In my opinion, it is more advisable to hold the art exhibition in the main school than in the new one. My reasons are as follows.
On one hand, it is more convenient for people to get to the main one, which is located in the center of the city. Besides, it can provide visitors with a more comfortable environment for appreciating art.
On the other hand, as a well-known school, the main school is more professional and experienced in holding such activities as art exhibition. Its professional security guards and advanced facilities can better protect those famous paintings from being damaged or stolen.
Therefore, I suggest the exhibition be held in the main school.
太原五中2019—2020学年度第一学期阶段性检测
高 三 英 语(答案)
第一部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分60分）
第一节 （共15小题；每小题3分，满分45分）
1-3 BBA 4-7 ABCC 8-11 CACD 12-15 CACA
第二节 （共5小题；每小题3分，满分15分）
16-20 FBDGC
第二部分 语言知识运用（共两节，满分55分）
第一节 （共20小题；每小题2分，满分40分）
21-25 ACBDB 26-30 CABDB 31-35 AABCD 36-40 CDDAB
第二节 （共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
41. which 42. itself 43.directly 44.based 45. to record
46.to 47. but 48.attraction 49. hasn’t succeeded 50. the
第三部分 写作（共两节，满分35分）
第一节 短文改错（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）
1.appeal 后加to
2.burnt改为burning
3.advices改为advice
4.have改为has
5. international 改为internationally
6. However改为Besides或Moreover
7.them改为 whom
8.去掉of
9.get改为getting
10. our改为my
第二节 书面表达（满分25分）
Dear Mr. Yang,
I’ve learned that an exhibition of famous painting is to be held and that you’re collecting suggestions on its location. I’m writing this letter to share with you my opinions.
In my opinion, it is more advisable to hold the art exhibition in the main school than in the new one. My reasons are as follows.
On one hand, it is more convenient for people to get to the main one, which is located in the center of the city. Besides, it can provide visitors with a more comfortable environment for appreciating art.
On the other hand, as a well-known school, the main school is more professional and experienced in holding such activities as art exhibition. Its professional security guards and advanced facilities can better protect those famous paintings from being damaged or stolen.
Therefore, I suggest the exhibition be held in the main school.
微信/支付宝扫码支付