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长沙麓山国际实验学校 2020 年高二年级寒假检测 2
英 语
时量：120 分钟 满分：120 分 姓名：______________
注意事项：
1．答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号等填写在答题卡和试卷指定位置上。
2．回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮
擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。
第一部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分 40 分）
第一节（共 15 小题；每小题 2 分，满分 30 分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C 和 D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A*
Choose Your One-Day Tours!
Tour A---Bath & Stonehenge including entrance fees to the ancient Roman bathrooms and Stonehenge ---
37 until 26 March and 39 thereafter．
Visit the city with over 2,000 years of history and Bath Abbey, the Royal Crescent and the Costume Museum,
Stonehenge is one of the world’s most famous prehistoric monuments dating back over 5,000years．
Tour B---Oxford & Startford including entrance fees to the University St Mary's Church Tower and Anne
Hathaway's house---32 until 12 March and 36 thereafter．
Oxford: Includes a guided tour of England's oldest University City and colleges. Look over the "city of
dreaming spires（尖顶）" from St Mary's Church Tower．
Stratford: Includes a guided tour exploring much of the Shakespeare wonder．
Tour C---Windsor Castle &Hampton Court including entrance fees to Hampton Court Palace﹣34 until 11
March and 37 thereafter．
Includes a guided tour of Windsor and Hampton Court, Henry VIII's favorite palace. Free time to visit
Windsor Castle (entrance fees not included). With 500years of history，Hampton Court was once the home of four
Kings and one Queen. Now this former royal palace is open to the public as a major tourist attraction. Visit the
palace and its various historic gardens, which include the famous maze（迷宫）where it is easy to get lost!
Tour D---Cambridge including entrance fees to the Tower of Saint Mary the Great--- 33 until 18 March and
37 thereafter．
Includes a guided tour of Cambridge, the famous university town, and the gardens of the 18th century．
1. Which tour will you choose if you want to see England's oldest university city？
A．Tour A B．Tour B
C．Tour C D．Tour D
2．Which of the following tours charges the lowest fee on 17 March？
A．Windsor Castle & Hampton Court B．Oxford & Stratford
C．Bath & Stonehenge D．Cambridge
3．Why is Hampton Court a major tourist attraction？
A．It used to be the home of royal families B．It used to be a well-known maze
C．It is the oldest palace in Britain D．It is a world-famous castle．
B
Adventure-seeker Emma broke her ankle when she fell awkwardly while climbing a rock and spent a week in
hospital waiting for an operation on her foot. When she was sent home to recover under strict instructions not to
bear any weight, she became so fearful of crutches（拐杖）that she didn't move for three weeks. “I tried crutches
but I kept falling over and injuring myself. So I literally just stayed on the sofa all day,” says Emma．2
She was gutted at the thought of missing the Wolf Run --- a quarterly event that she hasn't missed since 2014.
“If you complete four Wolf Runs in a year, one in each season, you get Alpha Wolf status,” explains Emma. “This
year was going to be my fifth in a row as an Alpha Wolf and I was really upset that I'd lose my status.” So she was
willing to try anything to get through the course---even with her injured ankle．
“I was telling my friend that I was going to cancel, and he persuaded me to give it a go. Having something to
aim for really kept me going.” Emma completed the run wearing an iWALK2.0, which is a medically-approved
device and it basically functions like a hi-tech artificial leg, allowing users to walk freely. I decided to get one and
it completely changed my recovery. “I could move around the house and start getting out and about again, which
had a real impact on my mental well-being.”
On the day of the race, Emma was nervous but the sound of people cheering her on kept her motivated.
Emma made it over the finish line in just under six hours and clocked up her 23rd Wolf Run in five years. “It was
an incredible day and my determination to finish combined with the support I received along the way kept me
going,” says Emma．
4. Why was Emma frightened to use a crutch？
A．She was afraid of recovering slowly． B．She was warned not to move around．
C．She just had an operation on her foot． D．She often got injured when using one．
5. What does the underlined word "gutted" mean in Paragraph 2？
A．Extremely sad． B．A bit relieved．
C．Very surprised． D．Pretty cheerful．
6. What actually made Emma take part in the race？
A．Her new hi-tech artificial leg． B．Her fear of letting her friend down．
C．Her strong desire to achieve her ambition． D．Her complete recovery from the operation．
7. Which of the following best describes Emma？
A．Strong-willed． B．Supportive．
C．Creative． D．Humorous．
C*
Many cities and towns have laws that require people to recycle paper and plastics. Now some state and local
governments have passed laws that require citizens to recycle their food waste as well. California and Vermont
have statewide laws about recycling food waste that apply to businesses and homes. The process of recycling food
waste and turning it into usable soil is called composting（堆制肥料）．
Food waste that can be composted includes fruit and vegetable peels, coffee grounds, tea bags and eggshells.
Garden waste such as stems and leaves can also be composted. Meat, fish, and dairy food waste cannot be
recycled．
According to environmental groups, composting reduces the amount of trash going into landfills, and
composted waste holds a wide range of nutrients. When compost is added to the soil in gardens and fields, it helps
crops grow．
Reducing the amount of waste that goes into landfills is one reason why cities and states are passing
food-waste recycling laws. “Our landfills are far from enough for the creation of new ones is shrinking.” Renee
Crowley, a project manager at the Lower East Side Ecology Center in New York City, told TFK．
Officials in Seattle, Washington, say that food waste makes up 30% of the trash going into landfills, and they
are looking to reduce that percentage. That city has a law requiring people to recycle to recycle food waste. It is
banned（禁止）from all garbage. There is a fine for people who put in into regular garbage．
Crowley points out that even in cities where food recycling is not a law, there are often places where citizens
can drop off their food waste for composting. Many schools and colleges have also started composting programs．
Those who ate against food-recycling laws say that the composting process is costly. In addition, it can be3
difficult for people who live in apartments to store their waste because they don't have access to outside storage
bins. Patti Ferguson from Orange County, California, told her local newspaper that she thought an indoor
container containing food waste would get smelly．
8. What do we know about composting from the text？
A．Not all food waste can be reused． B．It is cheap to compost food waste．
C．Not all soil can be composted． D．It is usually processed in empty landfills．
9. What is the third paragraph mainly about？
A．Ways of keeping nutrients in the soil． B．Ways of reducing the amount of trash．
C．Examples of different useful nutrients． D．Benefits of recycling food waste．
10. In Seattle, throwing food waste into garbage is_____________．
A．acceptable B．shameful
C．required D．illegal
11. Patti Ferguson's attitude towards food - recycling laws is probably ．
A．thankful B．uncaring
C．negative D．supportive
D
Imagine you are opening your own company and want to hire a manager. You have two candidates and they
are both capable and experienced, so who would you rather hire: Julia Watson or Shobha Bhattacharva? Chances
are that you would prefer Watson, right ? But why？
"Easy names are evaluated as more familiar, less risky and less dangerous,” Eryn Newman, a scientist at
Victoria University of Wellington, New Zealand, told Scientific American. As a result, people with easier names
are often assumed to be more trustworthy. This is what Newman and her teammates have found in their recent
study．
In the experiment, they picked 18 different foreign names, including difficult-to-pronounce ones like
Yevgeni Dherzhinsky and easy names like Bodo Wallmeyer. They then attached each name with a statement such
as "turtles are deaf" and "giraffes are the only mammals that cannot jump" and asked volunteers whether they
thought the claims were true．
The results showed that claims connected to easier names were more often ranked as believable than those
attributed to difficult names, regardless of what the truth really was. In fact, previous studies have already found
that our judgments about products can be affected by their names. For example, we tend to think of a food
additive（添加剂）with an easier name as safer and a stock with an easier name as more lucrative（利润丰厚的），
according to Medical Daily．
But researchers pointed out that this effect can change depending on where someone comes from. For
example, a native British man may find "Yevgeni Dherzhinsky" hard to pronounce while Russian people could
say it without effort. Newman hopes that this finding can make us better see our biases（偏见）. It's not just unfair
to people that we make judgments based on gut feelings（直觉）rather than facts, and it can sometimes have
serious consequences.For example, we may choose to believe certain eyewitnesses in court simply because their
names sound more trustworthy even if they are actually lying. Or, we may let go of qualified job candidates due to
their "difficult" names．
Now, if you could make that decision again, would you still prefer Julia Watson to Shobha Bhattacharva？
12. What did Newman and her teammates discover in their experiment？
A．Volunteers with easier names were more likely to choose true claims．
B．A difficult name doesn't influence the way the volunteers viewed the claims．
C．Volunteers trusted claims paired with easy names more often．
D．Volunteers trusted claims connected with difficult names．4
13. The underlined words "this effect" in Paragraph 5 refer to the effect____________．
A．names have on peoples judgments
B．gut feelings have on people from different places
C．of decisions made based on facts
D．of people's biases against certain types of people
14. What can we conclude from the last paragraph？
A．We should think twice before we make a decision．
B．The harder your name is to pronounce, the more likely it is you will get a job．
C．Judging people based on their names may cause serious problems．
D．Russians have less bias against people's names than the British．
15. What is probably the best title for the text？
A．Names Affect Products B．Employers Prefer Shobha Bhattacharva
C．Difficult Names are Trustworthy D．Easy Names Win Out
第二节*（共 5 小题；每小题 2 分，满分 10 分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Eyesight plays a very important role in our daily life. Every waking moment, the eyes are working to see the
world around us. Over forty percent of Americans worry about losing eyesight, but it's easy to include steps into
our daily life to ensure healthy eyes. Here are five suggestions for a lifetime of healthy eyesight：
•Schedule yearly exams. 16.___________Experts advise parents to bring babies 6 to 12 months of age to the
doctor for a careful check. The good news is that millions of children now can have yearly eye exams and
following treatment, including eyeglasses．
•Protect against UV rays（紫外线）. Long-term stay in the sun creates risk to your eyes. No matter what the
season is, it's extremely important to wear sunglasses. 17._________
•Give your eyes a break. Two-thirds of Americans spend up to seven hours a day using computers or other
digital products. 18. __________Experts recommend that people practice the 20/20/20 rule: every 20 minutes,
take a 20-second break and look at something 20 feet away．
•19. ___________As part of a healthy diet, eat more fruits and vegetables each day. Vitamins C and E help
protect eyesight and promote eye health．
•Practice safe wear and care of contact lenses（隐形眼镜）．Many Americans use contact lenses to improve
their eyesight. While some follow the medical guidance for wearing contact lenses, many are breaking the rules
and putting their eyesight at risk. 20. ____________Otherwise, you may have problems such as red eyes, pain in
the eyes, or a more serious condition．
A．Eat your greens．
B．They can properly protect your eyes．
C．Eye care should begin early in life．
D．Stay in good shape by taking more vitamins．
E．Always follow the doctor's advice for appropriate wear．
F．Parents usually don't care about their own eyesight．
G．This frequent eye activity increases the risk for eye tiredness．
第二部分 语言知识运用（共两节，满分 45 分）
第一节（共 20 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 30 分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的 A、B、C 和 D 四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
It was New Year's night. An aged man was standing at the window. The days of his youth appeared like
dream before him, and he（21）_______the serious moment when his father placed him at the（22）_________of5
the two roads: one leading to a peaceful, sunny place（23）_________with flowers, fruits and resounding with soft,
sweet songs, and the other leading to a deep dark cave which was（24）_______, and where poison flowed and
snakes crawled．
He looked towards the sky and cried（25）_________“Oh youth, return! Oh, my father, place me once more
at the entrance to life and I'll（26）_________the better way!”But both his father and the days of his youth had
（27）________．
He saw the lights flowing away in the darkness, and these were the days of his wasted life. He saw a star（28）
_________from the sky and disappeared, and this was the（29）__________ of himself. His（30）__________,
which was like a sharp arrow, struck deeply into his heart. Then he remembered his friends in his childhood,
which entered life together with him. But they had made their way to（31）___________and were now（32）
________and happy on this New Year's night．
The clock in the high church tower struck and the sound made him remember his parents' early（33）_____for
him. They had taught him and prayed to God for his good. But he chose the wrong way with（34）______and grief
so that he dared no longer to look towards the（35）_______where his father lived. His（36）______eyes were full
of tears, and with a despairing（绝望的）effort, he burst out a cry:“Come back, my early days! Come back!”
And his youth did（37）________, for all this was only a dream which he had on New Year's night. He was
still young though his faults were real. He had not yet entered the deep dark cave, and he was（38）______free to
walk on the road which leads to the peaceful and sunny land．
Those who still linger on（徘徊）the entrance of life（39）________to choose the bright road, remember that
when years are passed and your feet stumble（绊倒）on the dark mountains, you will cry bitterly, but（40）______.
“Oh youth return! Oh give me back my early days! ”
（21）A．recorded B．recalled C．doubted D．dreamt
（22）A．entrance B．end C．middle D．top
（23）A．filled B．covered C．grew D．dropped
（24）A．bright B．amazing C．common D．endless
（25）A．loudly B．painfully C．happily D．continuously
（26）A．abandon B．build C．choose D．change
（27）A．washed away B．passed away C．ran away D．broke away
（28）A．fall B．rise C．freeze D．shine
（29）A．quality B．harvest C．means D．symbol
（30）A．sword B．regret C．pride D．feeling
（31）A．success B．cave C．failure D．reality
（32）A．worried B．deserted C．honored D．frightened
（33）A．love B．misleading C．anxiety D．scold
（34）A．joy B．heart C．care D．shame
（35）A．heaven B．cemetery C．hell D．house
（36）A．dried B．darkened C．lighted D．satisfied
（37）A．disappear B．remain C．return D．promise
（38）A．never B．still C．hardly D．always
（39）A．hesitating B．deciding C．refusing D．claiming
（40）A．in brief B．in surprise C．in use D．in vain
第二节 （共 10 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 15 分）6
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Generally speaking, joy（41）_______________（express）by laughter. But as it turns out, it reveals a lot more
than the fact（42）_____________you are happy. It enables listeners, even those who cannot observe you,（43）
______________（realize）if you are having a good time with a close friend or laughing （44）_______________
（polite）with a complete stranger．
At least, this is the conclusion（45）_____________（reach） by a team of scientists led by Greg Bryant,
（46）___________assistant professor of Communication Studies at the University of California, Los Angeles.
The researchers began by（47）________________（request）volunteers from across the world to send them audio
clips（音频剪辑） of people laughing. The 48 tapes they received（48）_____________（range）from recent
recordings of laughter between two college friends（49）_________ones from conversations made ten years ago.
The clips also had all possible（50）______________（combine）---communications between friends, strangers,
all-male groups, all-female groups, etc．
Bryan says that the results of this cross-cultural examination show that people all over the world know
laughter in similar ways．
第三部分 写作（共三节，满分 35 分）
第一节 短文改错（共 10 小题；每小题 1 分，满分 10 分）
假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有 10 处语言错
误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉。
修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1．每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2．只允许修改 10 处，多者（从第 11 处起）不计分。
As we all know, culture is similar with an iceberg（冰山）. There are cultural roles where are obvious and
easily to understand. Most of our cultural values, however, is not clear or hidden. For example, when you will visit
a restaurant in Japan, people may sit on the floor and use chopstick to eat. These eat habits are easy to come across.
You may not know, therefore, that it's common for a man to sit cross-legged on the floor, but it's not considered
acceptable for woman to do so. You have to study people's body language to understanding this less obvious
cultural rule．
第二节 书面表达
61.*（满分 10 分）你们班将举办以"未来的生活"为主题的英语演讲比赛。请根据下列要点和你的想象写一
篇演讲稿：1.工作；2.出行；3.环境。
注意：
1．词数 100 左右；
2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；
3．开头和结束语已为你写好，但不计入总词数．
Good afternoon, boys and girls!
I'd like to share with you my opinion about future life.____________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________________7
That's all. Thank you for your listening．
62.（满分 15 分）阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文． 续
写的词数应为 150 左右．
As he lay awake that night, Tony could hear his parents discussing his sister Alice's birthday. It was just two
days away. Birthdays were always a lot of fun, even though there was no money for store---bought gifts. Nearly
all of toys he and his sister had were homemade. There was nothing wrong with that, he knew. Like many families
in this part, they were poor．
This birthday would be different, though. Alice was older now, and he'd seen how her eyes lit up when she
saw the new doll at Honey House, a neighborhood store just down the road from their house.
How he longed for her to have it! An idea finally came to him just before he went to bed. After a quick
breakfast the following morning, he placed a tin can and a piece of string in a large bag. Then he tied the bag to
the handlebars of his bike and headed toward a village hill．
After a long journey, he reached his destination, the mango forest. There were already two other boys there.
Tony grabbed his bag and set to work immediately. The smaller trees had already been picked over pretty well, but
he was able to find a half-dozen mangoes before noon．
When the sun was high overhead, the hard work began. Nearly all of the taller trees held ripe mangoes but
they were well beyond reach. The other boys took their fruit and went away. Tony used his pocket knife to cut a
long piece of bamboo. Then he took the tin can from the bag, tied it to one end of the bamboo stick, and walked
over to the base of mango tree．
He stayed there, holding the tin can high up into the tree. His efforts were occasionally rewarded when a
mango dropped into the can. After a while his neck ached from looking upward, and his arms grew sore. He kept
at it, though, and by late afternoon his bag was nearly full．
注意：
1．所续写短文的词数应为 150 左右；
2．使用 5 个以上短文中标有下划线的关键词语；
3．续写部分分两段，每段的开头语已为你写好；
4．续写完成后，请用下划线标出你所使用的关键词语．
Paragraph 1：On the way back to town, Tony began to worry that the other boys might already have sold or traded
their mangoes with Honey House. _______________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________________
Paragraph 2 ： The following morning, Alice walked into the kitchen and took a seat at the breakfast
table．_____________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________________
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