东校高一年级英语试题
2020 年 3 月
第一部分阅读理解(共两节，满分 50 分)
第一节(共 15 小题；每小题 2.5 分，满分 37.5 分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C 和 D)中，选出最佳选项，
并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
Most young people enjoy some form of physical activity. It may be walking,
cycling or swimming, or in winter, skating or skiing. It may be a game of some kind,
football, hockey, golf or tennis. It may be mountaineering.
Those who have a passion for climbing high and difficult mountains are often
looked upon with astonishment. Why are men and women willing to suffer cold and
hardship, and to take risks on high mountains? This astonishment is caused probably by
the difference between mountaineering and other forms of activity to which men give
their leisure.
Mountaineering is a sport and not a game. There are no man-made rules, as there
are for such games as golf and football. There are, of course, rules of a different kind
which it would be dangerous to ignore, but it is this freedom from man-made rules that
makes mountaineering attractive to many people. Those who climb mountains are free
to use their own methods.
If we compare mountaineering and other more familiar sports, we might think that
one big difference is that mountaineering is not a "team game". We should be mistaken
in this. There are, it is true, no "matches" between teams of climbers, but when climbers
are on a rockface linked by a rope on which their lives may depend, there is obviously
team work. The mountain climber knows that he may have to fight forces that are
stronger and more powerful than man. He has to fight the forces of nature, his sport
requires high mental and physical qualities.
A mountain climber continues to improve in skill year after year. A skier is
probably past his best by the age of thirty, and most international tennis champions are
in their early twenties. But it is not unusual for a man of fifty or sixty to climb the
highest mountains in the Alps. They may take more time than younger men, but they
probably climb with more skill and less waste of effort, and they certainly experience
equal enjoyment.
1. Which of the following can be the best title for the passage?
A. Differences between Golf and Mountaineering. B. Sports and Games.
C. Mountaineering. D. Why are so many people crazy about mountaineering?
2. The mountaineering can also be called a team sport because_______.
A. mountain climbers usually compete in groups
B. mountaineers depend on each other while climbing
C. mountaineering climbers are free to use their own rules to climb
D. mountaineering is a sport not a game
3. The biggest difference between golf and mountaineering lies in_______.
A. team game B. enjoyment C. age D. rules
4. In the author's opinion, one of the most important reason why so many people enjoy mountaineering is that_______.
A. there are no man-made rules for mountaineers
B. mountaineering is a sport and not a game
C. it is one of the most dangerous sports
D. mountaineering bring us more enjoyment than other sports
B
Thinking is something you choose to do as a fish chooses to live in water. To be
human is to think. But thinking may come naturally without your knowing how you do
it. Thinking about thinking is the key to critical thinking. When you think critically, you
take control of your thinking processes. Otherwise, you might be controlled by the ideas
of others. Indeed, critical thinking is at the heart of education.
The word "critical" here has a special meaning. It does not mean taking one view
against another view, as when someone criticizes another person for doing something
wrong. The nature of critical thinking is thinking beyond the easily seen------beyond the
pictures on TV, the untrue reports in the newspapers, and the faulty reasoning.
Critical thinking is an attitude as much as an activity. If you are curious about life
and desire to dig deeper into it, you are a critical thinker. If you find pleasure in deep
thinking about different ideas, characters, and facts, you are a critical thinker.
Activities of the mind and higher-order reasoning are processes of deep and
careful consideration. They take time, and do not go hand in hand with the fast speed in
today's world, fast foods, instant coffee, and self-developing film. If you are among the
people who believe that speed is a measure of intelligence, you may learn something
new from a story about Albert Einstein. The first time Banesh Hoffman, a scientist, was
to discuss his work with Albert Einstein, Hoffman was too nervous to speak. But
Einstein immediately put Hoffman at ease by saying, "Please go slowly. I don't
understand things quickly."
5. Critical thinking is important to us, because if we do not think critically, _________.
A. it will be hard for us to think naturally and fast
B. we might be controlled by other people's ideas
C. we will follow the ideas of others naturally
D. we might be fooled by other people's ideas
6. If you are a critical thinker, you will________.
A. think deeply about different ideas B. trust the reports in the newspapers
C. take one view against another view D. criticize other people for their mistakes
7. In the last paragraph, "something new" suggests that________.
A. the smarter you are, the faster you do things B. the faster you do things, the
smarter you become
C. speed can improve intelligence D. intelligence is not decided by
speed
8. What would be the best title for the passage?
A. Thinking and Critical Thinking B. Understanding Critical Thinking
C. Thinking Natural and Human D. Thinking Fast Means Intelligence
C
If there is no difference in general intelligence between boys and girls, what can explain girls’ poor performance in science and mathematics?
It seems to be that their treatment at school is a direct cause. Mathematics and science
are seen as subjects mainly for boys, and therefore, as girls become teenagers, they are
less likely to take them. Interestingly, both boys and girls often regard the subjects for
boys as more difficult. Yet it has been suggested that girls do not take mathematics
courses, not because they are difficult, but for social reasons. Girls do not want to be in
open competition with boys because they are afraid to appear less feminine and
attractive.
However, if we examine the performance of boys and girls who have taken
mathematics courses, there are still more high-achieving boys than there are girls. This
difference appears to be world-wide. Biological explanations have been offered for this,
but there are other explanations, too.
Perhaps the difference which comes out during the teenage years has its roots in
much earlier experiences. From their first days in kindergarten, boys are encouraged to
work on their own and to complete tasks. Facts show that outstanding mathematicians
and scientists have not had teachers who supply answers.
Besides, there can be little doubt that teachers of mathematics and science expect
their boy students to do better at these subjects than their girl students. They even
appear to encourage the difference between boys and girls. They spend more time with
the boy students, giving them more time to answer questions and working harder to get
correct answers from them. They are more likely to call in boys for answers and to
allow them to take the lead in classroom discussion. They also praise boys more
frequently. All of this seems to encourage boys to work harder in science and
mathematics and to give them confidence that they are able to succeed.
Such a way of teaching is not likely to encourage girls to take many mathematics and
science courses, nor is it likely to support girls who do. When it comes to these subjects
it seems certain that school widens the difference between boys and girls.
9. Girls are likely to think that _____.
A. science courses are for both boys and girls B science courses make them
more popular
C science courses make them successful D science courses are difficult
for them
10. The text mainly discuss_____ reasons for the difference between boys and girls in
scientific achievements.
A. biological B. historical C. social D. personal
11. What are boys usually encouraged to do at school? _____
A. To get help with their homework. B To play the leading role in class.
C To work with girl students in class. D To learn to take care of others.
12. The author would probably agree that ______.
A. boys and girls learn in the same way B. boys and girls are equal
in general intelligence
C. girls are more confident in themselves than before D. girls should take fewer
science courses than boys
D
According to sociologists（社会学家）, every modern industrial society has some form of social stratification（阶层）. Class, power and status are important in deciding
people’s rank in society.
Class means a person’s economic position in society. A commonly used classification
is lower class, middle class and upper class. While sociologists disagree on how these
terms should be exactly defined, they do describe societies like the United States quite
well. One study shows that 53% of Americans belong to the lower class, 46% the
middle class, and 1% the upper class. Interestingly, a surgeon earning ＄500,000 a year
and a bus driver earning ＄50,000 a year both regard themselves as the middle class!
Power refers to the amount of control a person has over other people. Obviously,
people in positions of great power (such as governors) exercise（行使）big power, but
people who take orders from others have less power. Power and class do not always go
hand in hand, however. For example, the governor of a state has great power, but he or
she may not belong to a corresponding （ 相 应 的 ） economic class. Generally,
however, there is a relationship between power and class. To our knowledge, there
aren’t too many people who aren’t millionaires in the U.S. Senate!
Status is the honor or respect attached to a person’s position in society. It can also be
affected by power and class, but not necessarily so. For example, a university professor
may have a high status but not belong to a high social class or have a lot of power over
others.
13. What can we learn about “the middle class” from Paragraph 2?
A. People earning ＄50,000 a year belong to the middle class.
B. Nearly half Americans belong to the middle class.
C. People generally consider bus drivers as the middle class.
D. Sociologists have a clear definition of the middle class.
14. According to the text, we know that _____.
A. power and class do not always correspond with each other
B. status refers to a person’s economic position in society
C. people with high status have a lot of control over others
D. class is less important in deciding a person’s social rank
15. Which of the following shows the structure of the whole text.(p=paragraph)?
○P1 ○P1 ○P1 ○P1
○P2 ○P3 ○P2 ○P4 ○P2 ○P3
○P2 ○P3 ○P4 ○P4 ○P3 ○P4
A. B. C. D.
第二节(共 5 小题；每小题 2.5 分，满分 12.5 分)（注意：E 涂 AB F 涂 AC G
涂 AD）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有
两项为多余选项。
Everyone wants to achieve happiness and smile． 16 How do we find real
happiness and smile? By getting rich'? In case you are scratching your head，looking for some reasons or ideas to be happy．here are a few．
1．Throw an impromptu(即兴的) party． 17 An impromptu one increases the
joy to a new level．And of course making other people happy is bound to have the same
effect on you．
2．Treat yourself Sometimes all it takes to make one happy is a little indulgence(放
纵)．So，go ahead and grab a cup of coffee and sit inside a blanket with a good book!
You will be surprised at how happy it makes you．
3． 18 Happiness is can be transformed! When we feel happy and excited，it can
lift the spirits of others．Your simple gesture can transform a person’s day and get him
or her prepared to take on any challenge．
4．Have a conversation with a parent．If you are like most kids，you possibly spend
more time texting or surfing the Internet than talking to．your family． 19 You will
be surprised at the feeling of joy that it brings to you．
5 ． Finally ， don’t forget to be happy every day! While International Day of
Happiness may come about only once a year，happiness is around you all day and night
20
A．You just have to seek it out and grab it．
B．Most of your family members show no interest in texting or the Internet．
C．But life is hard，so it is very difficult to find real happiness and smile．
D．Be friendly to others and smile at a stranger．
E．Set aside your mobile phone for a few minutes and have a chat with a family
member．
F．You should try to celebrate the Day of Happiness every day and everywhere．
G．Nothing makes people happier than being invited to a party.
第二部分：完型填空 （共 20 小题，每小题 1.5 分，满分 30 分）
To celebrate the end of our exams, my friends and I went to a fast food restaurant.
We 21 hamburgers and Coca Colar at the counter. When our 22 came, I
started walking towards an empty table. By bad luck, my purse strap(带子) got 23 on
a chair and the tray(托盘) that I was holding slipped 24 my hands and went flying in
the air. The tray, and its contents, 25 on a man who was just about to 26 a
bite of his sandwich. I stared, greatly 27 , as the drinks soaked(浸湿) his white shirt.
Then I 28 my eyes and prepared myself for his burst of 29 . Instead, he
said “It’s OK” to 30 me before he disappeared into washroom.
Still shaky and unsure 31 to do next, my friends and I went to a table and sat
there, trying our best to look 32 . A moment later, the man came out of the washroom
and 33 our table. My heart almost stopped 34 . I though he was going to ask for my father’ s 35 and call him.
To my surprise, he merely smiled at us, handed us some cash and said, “ 36
yourself new hamburgers.” He then walked 37 without even finishing his food.
He could have made what was already an uncomfortable situation worse, 38
he chose a different way and gave us a reason to believe that there is still 39 in this
world. I’ll never
40 his actions.
21. A. ordered B. made C. arranged D. demanded
22. A. food B. turn C. bill D. menu
23. A. fixed B. caught C. cut D. tied
24. A. by B. in C. from D. out
25. A. knocked B. fell C. stood D. hung
26. A. take B. taste C. swallow D. chew
27. A. discouraged B. disappointed C. shocked D. annoyed
28. A. rolled B. rubbed C. narrowed D. closed
29. A. bitterness B. anxiety C. anger D. sorrow
30. A. satisfy B. comfort C. encourage D. praise
31. A. how B. who C. what D. which
32. A. mild B. honest C. calm D. modest
33. A. pushed B. approached C. drew D. laid
34. A. beating B. breaking C. sinking D. trembling
35. A. help B. position C. number D. job
36. A. Prepare B. Buy C. Find D. Cook
37. A. on B. around C. up D. away
38. A. so B. since C. although D. but
39. A. kindness B. happiness C. politeness D. brightness
40. A. forget B. refuse C. oppose D. ignore
第二卷 （非选择题 共 20 分）
第一节：语法填空 （共 10 小题，每小题 2 分，满分 20 分）
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（不多于 3 个单词）或括号内单词的正
确形式。
The way we cook is important. In many countries, the two choices are 41
(nature) gas or electric-powered stoves.
The World Health Organization warns that millions of people 42 (suffer) from
indoor air pollution at present time, which results from the use of 43 (danger) fuels
and cook-stoves in the home.
WHO officials say nearly three billion people are 44 (able) to use clean fuels and technologies for cooking ，heating and lighting. As a result, more than seven million
people die from exposure to indoor or outdoor air pollution each year. Most of the
deaths are in 45 （develop） countries, such as lndia, China and Latin American
countries.
WHO officials say opening a window or door 46 （let）out the harmful air will
not correct the situation 47 will only pollute the outdoors.
Nigel Bruce, 48 is a professor of Public Health at the University of
Liverpool, says researchers are developing good cook-stoves and other equipment to
burn fuels 49 a more efficient way.
But, this is just a start. It is urging developing countries to use 50 (clean)
fuels and increase access to cleaner and more modern cooking and heating appliances
（用具）.阅读理解答案：1-4 CBDA 5---8 BADB 9---12DCBB 答案：13---15BAA
答案：16---20CGDEA
【要点综述】本文为记叙文。文章记叙了作者和他的朋友为了庆祝考试结束，去
一家快餐厅吃饭所发生的事情。当他们点的食物端上来后，他们准备去一空桌子
旁坐下，作者在走的时候由于手提袋的带子挂在了椅子上，作者手中的食物泼洒
在了旁边一位客人身上，作者内心感到害怕。不过这位客人不但没有要求他道歉
也没有向他的父亲打电话，而是从卫生间出来后面带微笑的给作者钱叫作者为自
己买一份食物，说完后离开了餐馆。作者从这个事情中了解到了世界上还是有善
良的人。
21.【答案】A
【解析】根据首句地点环境是 restaurant，排除 arranged 和 demanded。此句动作发
出者是 we，承受者是汉堡包和可乐，故作为顾客只能是点餐了。顾客不是制作汉
堡盒可乐的人，故排除 made。
22.【答案】A【解析】由首句的铺垫就知道点餐吃饭的话题，根据上一句点餐之
后，自然是指我们所点的食物来了，故选 A。
23.【答案】B【解析】本句句意为：钱包上的带子被卡在了椅子上，故选 B，捉住、
卡住、困住。
24.【答案】C【解析】下一句说 in the air，说明此时盘子已经脱手了，from my hand
表示托盘从我手中飞了出去，故选 C。
25.【答案】B【解析】托盘从手中滑落，盘子里的东西洒在了一位客人身上，故用
fell，选 B。
26.【答案】A【解析】take 此处表示吃的意思，客人进餐馆是吃饭的，故选 A。
27.【答案】C【解析】作者将食物泼洒在客人身上后感到很是震惊。
28.【答案】D【解析】作者很害怕地闭上了眼睛，用 closed。
29.【答案】C【解析】作者闭眼的同时准备接受那位客人的怒火。
30.【答案】B【解析】结合主干 Instead, he said “It’s OK”，说明是为了安慰作者，
故选 B。
31.【答案】C【解析】作者不知道接下来做什么，故用 what。
32.【答案】C【解析】我和朋友们尽力镇定下来。
33.【答案】B【解析】那个男的从洗手间出来直接朝我走过来。
34.【答案】A【解析】当那个男人朝我们走来时我的心几乎都停止跳动了，心跳
用 beat。
35.【答案】C【解析】作者以为那个男的会要求要自己父亲的电话并给父亲打电话，
故选 C。
36.【答案】B【解析】结果那个男人给他一些钱叫他买一份汉堡。
37.【答案】D【解析】本句句意为：那个男士随后离开了，故选 D。
38.【答案】D【解析】前后为转折关系，故选 but。
39.【答案】A【解析】对那位善良大度的男士的正确评价，根据故事描述，他是
一位和蔼大度的人物，故选 A。40.【答案】A【解析】本句是文章的结尾句一般用于简单概括总结，结合本文是
一篇回忆性的文章，故最后表达的是永远不会忘记这位男士的举止行为，故选 A。
语法填空：41.natural 42.are suffering 43.dangerous 44.unable /not able 45.
developing
46.to let 47.but 48.who 49.in 50.cleaner
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