2019〜2020 学年第一学期高三期中调研试卷
注意事项:
1. 本试卷分为第 I 卷(选择题)和笫Ⅱ巻(非选择题)，满分 120 分.考试时间 120 分钟.
2. 请将第 I 巻的答案填涂在答题卡上，第 II 卷请直接在答题卡上规定的地方作签.答题前，
务必将自己的学校、姓名、考试号等相关信息写在答题卡上规定的地方.
第 I 卷(选择题，共 80 分)
第一部分:听力理解(共两节，满分 15 分)
做题时，请先将答案标在试卷上。听力部分结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的 答案转
涂到答题卡上。
第一节(共 5 小题；每小题 1 分，满分 5 分)
听下面 5 段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的 A、B、C 三个选项中选岀 最佳选项，
并标在试卷的相应位置.听完每段对话后，你都有 10 秒钟的时间来回答有关 小题和阅读下一
小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1.
What is the man planning to do?
A. Make some cheese. B. Go on a trip. C. Find a job in
Paris.
【答案】B
【解析】
【原文】W: Are you excited about your trip?
M: I can’t wait. There is so much to see and do and eat. Paris has some of the most
wonderful cheeses in the world.
2.
What's the reason for the headache according to the woman?
A. Lack of sleep. B. Too much aspirin. C. Too much
sunlight.
【答案】C
【解析】
【原文】M: My headache is killing me. Maybe I need more sleep.
W: Actually, you need less sun and some aspirin, plus a hat.3.
What does the man want to do?
A. Reserve a cheap hotel. B. Go to Mexico on business. C. Relax and enjoy
himself
【答案】C
【解析】
【原文】M: I need a vacation. I haven’t had a day off in eight months. It’s about
time I did something fun.
W: I agree. You’ve been working hard lately. Why don’t we go to Mexico? I can get
us a good deal on a hotel.
4.
What will the woman get?
A. Carpet cleaner. B. A paper towel. C. A glass of wine.
【答案】B
【解析】
【原文】W: Oh, dear! I just got some drops of red wine on the carpet. Do you have
any carpet cleaner?
M: No, I just ran out. Get a paper towel and try to get the stains out with water
and some salt. Hurry!
5.
Where is the Blue Ocean Restaurant?
A. Beside the Blue Sky Restaurant.
B. Opposite the Blue Sky Restaurant.
C. Opposite the Blue Bay Restaurant.
【答案】C
【解析】
【原文】W: Where are you going for your birthday tomorrow?
M: I have booked a room in the Blue Bay Restaurant.
W: You mean the Blue Sky Restaurant?
M: No, that’s the Blue Bay. Just across from the Blue Ocean Restaurant.第二节(共 10 小题；每小题 1 分，满分 10 分)
听下面 4 段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的 A、B、C 三 个选项中
选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有 5 秒钟阅 读各个小题；
听完后，每个小题将给出 5 秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
6. What is the probable relationship between the speakers?
A. Schoolmates. B. Colleagues. C. Roommates.
7. What does Frank plan to do right after graduation?
A. Work as a programmer.
B. Travel around the world.
C. Start his own business.
【答案】6. A 7. A
【解析】
【原文】M: Hi, Sue. How’s it going?
W: Oh, hi, Frank, just fine. How are your classes?
M: Pretty good. I’m glad this is my last term here, though.
W: Why is that? I thought you were enjoying school.
M: I was. But now I’m getting tired of it. I’m ready for the real world.
W: What are you planning to do when you graduate?
M: First, I want to get a job as a computer programmer, and then after five years
or so, I’d like to start my own business.
W: Sounds good. I still have three terms to go until I’m done.
M: You’ll make it for sure. Well, see you later.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
8. Why will the man go to Beijing?
A. To have a holiday. B. To attend a meeting. C. To visit a French
company.
9. When will the speakers have dinner together?A. On June 20th. B. On June 21st. C. On June 22nd.
【答案】8. B 9. C
【解析】
【原文】M: Hello, Lisa. This is Dick speaking.
W: Oh, Dick, where are you now?
M: I am in New York, but I am going to Beijing on business because I was invited to
give a speech at an international meeting this month. I’ll be there from June 20th
to 23rd.
W: It’s really good. We haven’t met for several years. Would you have time to meet
me?
M: Sure. That’s why I am calling you. I’ll be busy on the 20th and 21st. Will the
22nd be all right? I’ll be free the whole day.
W: OK. Let me see. There is a French restaurant near my office. Maybe we can have
dinner there.
M: Sounds great. I’ll call you again.
W: OK. Looking forward to seeing you.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
10. Where does the conversation take place?
A. In a car shop. B. In a car company. C. In a car race.
11. What kind of car is Schumacher driving?
A. Ferrari 248F1. B. Ferrari 284F1. C. Maserati 248F1.
12. What can we learn from the conversation?
A. The man is a boss of a big car company.
B. The man's company only sells Ferrari sports cars.
C. The man has chances to meet famous racing drivers.
【答案】10. C 11. A 12. C
【解析】
【原文】W: What kind of racing car is Schumacher driving? It is too far to see it
clearly!M: It is Ferrari 248F1, Miss.
W: Thank you! You must be an F1 fans, aren’t you?
M: More or less. I am in fact an employee in Ferrari and Maserati Motor International
Trade(Shanghai) Co.Ltd.
W: So you are working here. You said your company is the local agent of Ferrari just
now, didn’t you?
M: Yes our company often provides Ferrari sports cars. Apart from that, we also provide
all kinds of parts and accessories of Ferrari and Maserati, and some after-sale
services and technical support.
W: Oh, no wonder you know Ferrari so much! You often have chances to meet some famous
racing drivers, right?
M: Sometimes! Meeting them is really exciting! And I have been unconsciously
influenced by what I constantly hear or see.
听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。
13. When did the speaker forget the next day's math test because of a game?
A. In the 8th grade. B. In the 9th grade. C. In the 10th grade.
14. Who made the speaker more determined to change?
A. His parents. B. His brother. C. His tutor.
15. What probably happened to the speaker at the end of high school?
A. He got a computer programming job.
B. He became a private tutor
C. He got an acceptance letter to MIT.
【答案】13. A 14. B 15. C
【解析】
【原文】M: My father had always said it was because I was lazy. My brother said it
was because my head was too heavy. My mother blamed my bad performance in school on
my ancestors. As for me, I believed I was unlucky. In the eighth grade, for example,
I was good at math. That’s why I liked video games — technical ones that you have
,to think about. Well, I stayed up late one night to finish a game that had taken me
weeks to beat. In my enthusiasm, I had forgotten that there was a big math test the
next day. Well, I won the game but failed the test. In the ninth grade, I started
to become popular. Having so many friends meant less time for studying. But after
I almost failed the 10th grade completely, I finally decided I needed to change
something. I wanted the chance to go to college. That summer, I asked my parents to
hire a private tutor. My parents were surprised because they had gotten used to
disappointment. Of course, my brother just made fun of me as usual. He made me more
determined to change. During the 11th grade, I exchanged my interest in video games
for the enthusiasm for computer programming. The more I learned, the more I wanted
to know. Because of the dramatic change I went through, I was even accepted into MIT.
I changed my luck for good.
第二部分:英语知识运用(共两节，满分 35 分)
第一节单项填空(共 15 小题；每小题 1 分，满分 15 分)
请认真阅读下面各题，从题中所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上
将该项涂黑。
16.Lady Gaga was reported _____ an Oscar Award in 2019 for the Best Original Song
Shallow in the film A Star Is Born.
A. to award B. awarding C. to have been awardedD. being
awarded
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：据报道 Lady Gaga 因电影 A Star Is Born 中的歌曲
《shallow》被授予 2019 奥斯卡最佳原创歌曲。sb. be reported to do sth.“某人被报道去做
某事”。因为获奖发生在报道之前，所以应该用不定式的完成形式，award 和 Lady Gaga 是逻
辑上的动宾关系，应用不定式的被动形式。故选 C。
17.If violence is not kept in check by bringing the guilty to ____, matters will go
beyond what the public can tolerate.
A equality B. justice C. regulation D. .liberation
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：如果不能通过将罪犯绳之以法来制止暴力，事情将超出
公众所能忍受的范围。A. equality 平等；B. justice 正义；C. regulation 管理；D. liberation
解放。根据句意及选项可知，此处使用名词 justice。故选 B。
18.---Have you worked out your plan?
---We have got a general idea of what we want, but nothing _____ at the moment.
A. ambiguous B. permanent C. concrete D.
ambitious
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：—你已经制定出你的计划了吗？—我们已经得到了我
们所想要的重新思路，但是现在还没有具体的计划。A. ambiguous 模棱两可的；B. permanent
永久的；C. concrete 具体的；D. ambitious 野心勃勃的。根据句意及选项可知，此处使用形
容词 ambitious。故选 C。
19.(2018·北京) In today’s information age, the loss of data _________ cause serious
problems for a company.
A. need B. should
C. can D. must
【答案】C
【解析】
考查情态动词。句意：在今天的信息时代，数据的丢失有时会对一个公司造成严重的问题。
数据丢失造成严重问题是客观上会发生的情况，即“客观可能性”，故该空应用情态动词 can。
C 选项正确。其余情态动词均没有该用法。need 需要；should 应该，竟然；must 必须，肯定。
点睛：can 的基本用法：1. (表示能力、功能)能，会；2. (表示推测)可能，可能会；3.（表
示允许，请求）可以；4.（表示客观可能性）有时会。
20._____ the station in India, which has the most female commercial pilots around
the world, Chinese airlines are struggling with an acute female pilot shortage.
A. In contrast to B. On account of C. With regard to D. In response to
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】考查短语辨析。句意：全球范围内，印度有最多的女性商业飞行员，与之相反，中
国的航空公司正面临女性飞行员短缺的问题。A. In contrast to 与……相反；B. On account
of 由于；C. With regard to 至于；D. In response to 回应。根据句意可知，前后是对
比关系，应使用 in contrast to。故选 A。
21.Patients should fight a mental battle against their disease bravely rather
than_____ them.
A. subscribe to B. contribute to C. submit to D. apply to
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：病人应当与他们的疾病勇敢地做心理斗争而不是屈服于
他们。A. subscribe to 订阅、同意、捐款；B. contribute to 为……做贡献；C. submit to
提交、屈从；D. apply to 应用于。根据句意及选项可知，此处使用短语 submit to。故选 C。
22.As we know, it will still be some years before all the metro lines in Suzhou _____
into operation.
A. will be put B. are put C. will have been put D. are being
put
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查动词时态语态。句意：据我们所知，距离苏州所有的地铁线路投入使用还有好
几年。all the metro lines 与 putinto operation 是被动关系，应使用被动语态；在时间状
语从句中，主句是一般将来时，遵循“主将从现”的原则，所以从句用一般现在时。故选 B。
23._____ you receive my e-mail informing you of my absence, expect me on Friday at
about 6 p.m.
A. Unless B. Until C. While D. Although
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】考查状语从句。句意：除非你收到我的邮件，告知你我届时缺席，否则星期五下午六点左右等我。A. Unless 除非；B. Until 直到；C. While 在……期间；D. Although 尽管。
根据句意可知，A 项与语境相符。故选 A
24.The 70th anniversary military parade demonstrates the fact to the whole world _____
China has made great progress in the past few decades.
A. where B. which C. why D. that
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】考查同位语从句。句意：70 周年大阅兵向世界证明了这个事实，中国在过去的二十
年里取得了巨大的进步。分析句子成分可知，设空后的句子是对 the fact 的解释说明，是同
位语从句，从句成分齐全，应使用只起引导作用、无句意的关系词 that 引导。故选 D。
【点睛】1.同位语从句通常对前面的名词起补充解释作用，两者之间是同位关系；而定语从
句是用来说明先行词的性质或特征，起修饰或限制作用，两者之间是修饰与被修饰的关系。
例如：同位语从句——The fact that there no lives on the Mars is known to all of
us.众所周知，火星上没有生命。
定语从句——The news that you read is uncertain.你读到的那则新闻是不确定的。
2.在同位语从句中，that 是从属连词，在句中只起到引导作用，没有具体的意义，且不做任
何成分，但不能省略，也不可用 which 代替；而在定语从句中，that 是关系代词，它在从句
中不但起连接作用，还在句中做主语、宾语或表语。做宾语时可省略，指物时还可以用 which
代替，指人时常可以用 who 代替。例如：同位语从句——The requirement that we should obey
the school rules is known to us.遵守校规这个要求我们都清楚。
定语从句——Those school rules (that) the headmaster put forward is known to us.校长提
出的这些校规大家都清楚。
3.当 when/why/where/how 等引导同位语从句时，它们为连接副词，虽在句子中充当句子成分，
但前面没有与其意义相同的先行词；而在定语从句中 when/why/where/为关系副词，在其前面
分别有表示时间、原因、地点的名词作先行词。例如：同位语从句——They raised the question
where they would get the books.他提出了我们到哪里去拿书的问题。
定语从句——That's the reason why she failed this exam.那就是他考试失败的原因。
25.Yesterday, Jane walked away from the heated discussion. Otherwise, she _____
something arbitrary that she would regret forever.
A. must have said B. said C. might say D. might have said
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：昨天 Jane 离开了那场热烈的讨论，否则她可能会说一些让她
永 远 遗 憾 的 武 断 的 话 。 otherwise 在 此 相 当 于 if she had not walked away from the
discussion ， 即 暗 示 一 个 与 过 去 事 实 相 反 的 虚 拟 条 件 句 ， 所 以 主 句 要 用
should/would/could/might+have done。故选 D。
26.When asked about that horrible experience, Sue told me that so ______ in the
darkness at that time that she didn't dare to move an inch.
A. she was scared B. was she scared C. scared she was D. scared
was she
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】考查倒装句。句意：当被问起那可怕的经历，Sue 告诉我黑暗中她特别害怕，以至于
不敢移动。so+adj. / adv.位于句首时，其后的句子用部分倒装。故选 D。
27.As is often the case, there are always some barriers in the way, something _____
before we realize the real goal of our life.
A. to be got through B. got through C. getting through D. having
been got through
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：通常情况下，在我们实现生活真正的目标前，我们的道路
上会有一些必须要通过的障碍。本句是不定式作定语，修饰不定代词 something，表示即将发
生的事情，且形成被动关系，要用 to be done 结构。故选 A。
28.The sharpest earthquake and the suffering _____brought about have had a lasting
effect on the local people's life ever since.
A. it B. which C. what D. that
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】考查代词。句意：这剧烈的地震和它带来的苦难，对当地人民生活带来了前所未有的持续影响。分析句子结构可知，此处与 brought about 构成定语从句，修饰 The sharpest
earthquake and the suffering ， 关 系 词 在 从 句 中 做 宾 语 ， 已 被 省 略 ， 这 里 it 指 代
earthquake，在从句中做主语。故选 A。
29.Tom did not _____easily, but was willing to accept any helpful advice for a worthy
cause.
A. approach B. wrestle C. compromise D.
communicate
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查动词辨析。句意：Tom 不轻易妥协，但是为了一份有价值的事业他愿意接受有益
的意见。A. approach 接近；B. wrestle 搏斗；C. compromise 妥协；D. communicate 交流。
根据句意及选项可知，C 项符合语境。故选 C。
30.—I’m burnt out as I’ve been working on my essay all the time.
— ____________. You’ll surely make it.
A. Don’t put on airs B. Give me a break
C. Don’t get on my nerve D. Hang in there
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】考查情景对话。句意：——我一直在写论文，累坏了。——坚持下去。你一定会成
功的。A. Don’t put on airs 不要摆架子；B. Give me a break 让我休息一下；C. Don’t
get on my nerve 别惹我生气；D. Hang in there 坚持下去。根据 You’ll surely make it.可知
这里意思是坚持下去，故选 D。
第二节 完形填空(共 20 小题；每小题 1 分，满分 20 分)
请认真阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答
题卡上将该项涂黑.
It was our first Thanksgiving in the new house and I wanted everything to be perfect.
But my plan for everyone to contribute some preparation work had been ____31____ by
my husband's business trip. Even worse, a critical project for me that week
had____32____two days of planned vacation. By Wednesday, my vision of a table with
fresh flowers, ____33____drinking glasses and various homemade desserts had already____34____ away, I just hoped that I'd find a clean tablecloth and
eight____35____forks.
In my perfect Thanksgiving, there wouldn't be any orange in my salad because It
hadn't made the grocery list. There would be no perfect family photos to record that
day because I hadn't got the broken camera____36____. Someone had brought home the
wrong toilet paper, which was the last straw that made me____37____.
I don’t remember what my son asked me as he was vacuuming（吸尘）, ___38___I
do remember twisting into that mean-and-tight mom-face before barking out an ___39___.
This combination of noise and anger is a universal signal to kids everywhere that
they might as well _____40_____ me. But he didn’t.
Instead of disappearing from view, my second-grader turned _____41_____ the
vacuum and walked across the room to_____42_____me. He never said a word. He
just_____43_____ his arms around me, making me feel _____44_____of myself until
today.
It turned out a(n)_____45_____ Thanksgiving. The people I loved gathered around
my table and dined just one choice of the pie. My dad used a mismatched fork without
_____46_____. My daughter drew a picture of us where everyone smiled.
My son took a(n)_____47_____ to teach me that sometimes we need a hug most when
we are _____48_____huggable. This is the best gift you can give. One size_____49_____
all and no one ever minds if you _____50_____ .
31. A. damaged B. ruined C. destroyed D. robbed
32. A. claimed B. offered C. saved D. spared
33. A. useful B. rough C. delicate D. ordinary
34. A. melted B. turned C. given D. come
35. A. amazing B. amusing C. satisfying D. matching
36. A. developed B. fixed C. delivered D. hired
37. A. defend B. compromise C. sigh D. explode
38. A. but B. so C. for D. until
39. A. excuse B. apology C. order D. answer
40. A. criticize B. praise C. avoid D. comfort41. A. on B. up C. off D. away
42. A. challenge B. face C. question D. trick
43. A. crossed B. raised C. bent D. wrapped
44. A. proud B. ashamed C. confident D.
astonished
45. A. fashionable B. disappointing C. perfect D.
effective
46. A. hesitation B. doubt C. complaint D.
permission
47. A. risk B. break C. opportunity D. lead
48. A. most B. worst C. best D. least
49. A. fits B. goes C. agrees D. matches
50. A. receive B. return C. recover D. remind
【答案】31. B 32. A 33. C 34. A 35. D 36. B 37. D 38. A
39. D 40. C 41. C 42. B 43. D 44. B 45. C 46. C 47. A 48.
D 49. A 50. B
【解析】
【分析】
本文是一篇记叙文。作者想在新家过的第一个完美的感恩节，但是她的丈夫出差了、一个重
要的项目又占用了她两天的假期。她对完美感恩节的幻想逐渐消失，很多事情也变得不顺利，
她终于发飙了。面对生气的作者，她的儿子没有选择回避，而是给了她一个紧紧地拥抱。这
让她明白了有时候我们最不喜欢拥抱的时候，却最需要拥抱。
【31 题详解】
考查动词辨析。句意：但是，我让每个人都做一些准备工作的计划被我丈夫的出差给毁了。
A. damaged 损害；B. ruined 毁坏；C. destroyed 破坏；D. robbed 抢劫。由下句 even worse
推测可知，我为感恩节所做的准备工作被我老公的出差毁掉了。故选 B。
32 题详解】
考查动词辨析。句意：更糟糕的是，那一周我的一个重要项目占用了我两天的假期。A. claimed
夺去；B. offered 提供；C. saved 节约；D. spared 抽出。根据 even worse 可知，一个重要
的项目又占用了我两天的假期。故选 A。
【【33 题详解】
考查形容词辨析。句意：到星期三，我对摆满鲜花、精致的酒杯和各种自制甜点的幻想已经
消失了，我只希望能找到一块干净的桌布和 8 把配套的餐叉。A. useful 有用的；B. rough 粗
糙的；C. delicate 精致的；D. ordinary 普通的。根据上文 It was our first Thanksgiving
in the new house and 1 wanted everything to be perfect.可知，此处应指“精致的酒
杯”。故选 C。
【34 题详解】
考查动词（短语）辨析。句意：到星期三，我对摆满鲜花、精致的酒杯和各种自制甜点的幻
想已经消失了，我只希望能找到一块干净的桌布和 8 把配套的餐叉。A. melted away 消失；
B. turned away 走开；C. given away 泄露；D. come away 离开。根据下文 I just hoped that
I'd find a clean tablecloth 可知，我对完美感恩节的幻想已经消失了。故选 A。
【35 题详解】
考查形容词辨析。句意：到星期三，我对摆满鲜花、精致的酒杯和各种自制甜点的幻想已经
消失了，我只希望能找到一块干净的桌布和 8 把配套的餐叉。A. amazing 令人惊异的；B.
amusing 有趣的；C. satisfying 满意的；D. matching 配套的。根据上文 I just hoped that
I'd find a clean tablecloth 及空后 forks 可知，此处指“8 把配套的餐叉”。故选 D。
【36 题详解】
考查动词辨析。句意：没有完美的全家福照片来记录那一天，因为我没有把坏了的相机修好。
A. developed 发展；B. fixed 修理；C. delivered 递送；D. hired 雇佣。根据上文 There would
be no perfect family photos to record that day 可知，我没有把坏了的相机修好。故选
B。
【37 题详解】
考查动词辨析。句意：有人把错误的卫生纸带回家了，这是让我无法忍受的最后一根稻草。
A. defend 防卫；B. compromise 妥协；C. sigh 叹气；D. explode 爆发。看到诸事不顺，我
爆发了。故选 D。
【38 题详解】
考查连词辨析。句意：我不记得我儿子在用吸尘器打扫房间时问了我什么，但我确实记得在
大声回答之前，我把脸扭到那个吝啬而又紧绷的妈妈脸上。A. but 但是；B. so 因此；C. for
因为；D. until 直到。根据句意可知，此处存在转折关系，应使用转折连词。故选 A。
【39 题详解】考查名词辨析。句意：我不记得我儿子在用吸尘器打扫房间时问了我什么，但我确实记得在
大声回答之前，我的脸扭曲到那个吝啬而又紧绷的妈妈脸上。A. excuse 理由；B. apology 道
歉；C. order 命令；D. answer 回答。我儿子问我问题，我很生气地给他一个大声的回答。故
选 D。
【40 题详解】
考查动词辨析。句意：这种噪音和愤怒的结合是一个普遍的信号，对任何地方的孩子来说，
他们可能也会避开我。A. criticize 批评；B. praise 表扬；C. avoid 避开；D. comfort 安
慰。我当时脸色如此难看，任何孩子都会对我退避三舍。故选 C。
【41 题详解】
考查动词（短语）辨析。句意：我的二年级的儿子没有从视线中消失，而是关掉了吸尘器，
穿过房间走向我。A. turn on 打开；B. turn up 调高；C. turn off 关闭；D. turn away 走
开。根据句意可知，儿子没有选择回避，他关掉了吸尘器，走向了我。故选 C。
【42 题详解】
考查动词辨析。句意：我的二年级的儿子没有从视线中消失，而是关掉了吸尘器，穿过房间
走向我。A. challenge 挑战；B. face 面对；C. question 询问；D. trick 欺骗。我儿子面对
我的生气还有发飙，没有选择回避，选择了勇敢面对。故选 B。
【43 题详解】
考查动词辨析。句意：只是把他的胳膊搂在我身上，直到今天我还为自己感到羞愧。A. crossed
穿过；B. raised 举起；C. bent 弯曲；D. wrapped 包，缠绕。根据下文 his arms around me
可知，儿子只是把他的胳膊搂在我身上。故选 D。
【44 题详解】
考查形容词辨析。句意：只是把他的胳膊搂在我身上，直到今天我还为自己感到羞愧。A. proud
自豪的；B.ashamed 羞愧的；C.confident 自信的；D.astonished 震惊的。我表现如此之差，
但是我的儿子如此包容，我对自己的易怒感到羞愧。故选 B。
【45 题详解】
考查形容词辨析。句意：这个感恩节结果是完美的。A. fashionable 时尚的；B. disappointing
令人失望的；C. perfect 完美的；D. effective 有效的。根据下文 The people I loved gathered
around my table and dined just one choice of the pie.可知，因为有我爱的人聚集在我
的身旁，所以这是个完美的感恩节。故选 C。
【46 题详解】考查名词辨析。句意：我父亲拿了一双不匹配的刀叉，但是没有任何抱怨。A. hesitation 犹
豫；B. doubt 怀疑；C. complaint 抱怨；D. permission 许可。根据下文 My daughter drew
a picture of us where everyone smiled.可知，尽管父亲拿了一双不匹配的刀叉，但是没有任
何抱怨，整个的气氛很快乐。故选 C。
【47 题详解】
考查名词辨析。句意：儿子冒着风险告诉我一个道理，有时候我们最不喜欢拥抱的时候，却
最需要拥抱。A. risk 冒险；B. break 休息；C. opportunity 机会；D. lead 榜样。因为我当
时生气，很有可能会揍我儿子一顿，所以我儿子临危不惧，冒着风险来抱了我。故选 A。
【48 题详解】
考查副词辨析。句意：儿子冒着风险告诉我一个道理，有时候我们最不喜欢拥抱的时候，却
最需要拥抱。A. most 最，非常；B. worst 最坏地；C. best 最好地；D. least 最少。我当时
生气，也不适合抱抱，应该是 least huggable“最不适合拥抱的”。故选 D。
【49 题详解】
考查动词辨析。句意：这是一颗万能药，没有介意你是否还礼。A. fits 适合；B. goes 走；
C. agrees 同意；D. matches 匹配。one size fits for all“放之四海而皆准的，万能药”。
故选 A。
【50 题详解】
考查动词辨析。句意：这是一颗万能药，没有介意你是否还礼。A. receive 收到；B. return
归还，以……相报；C. recover 恢复；D. remind 提醒。这里是同类相关词，你收了别人的礼
物，而且没有人在乎，你会不会还礼，这里其实是一种比喻的修辞，感恩节我儿子送了我一
个拥抱，其实他也不期待我还给他拥抱。故选 B。
【点睛】完形填空的解题技巧之一就是要根据上下文来学会“推理”出最佳选项。同学们要
遵循“上下求索”的原则来查找信息。例如，第 3 小题要求判断出什么样的酒杯。该题可根
据上文 It was our first Thanksgiving in the new house and 1 wanted everything to be
perfect.可知，作者想要在新家过一个完美的感恩节，所以此处应指“精致的酒杯”。
第三部分:阅读理解(共 15 小题；每小题 2 分，满分 30 分)
请认真阅读下列短文，从短文后各题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答
题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
Fallingwater is a house built over a waterfall in Southwestern Pennsylvania. Frank Lloyd Wright, America’s most famous architect, designed the house in 1935. It
instantly became famous, and today it is a National Historic Landmark.
In-Depth Tour
The tour is best if you desire a greater understanding of what Wright was seeking
to create with his masterwork. The number of visitors on each tour is limited and
photography is permitted for personal use only. Children nine years and older may
be accompanied by adults on this tour.
$65.00 per person (Available by advance ticket purchase only)
Daily from 10:00 a.m. to 4:00 p.m.
Guided House Tour
This tour features all the major rooms of the house and lasts about one hour.
Photography is not permitted during this tour. The Guided House Tour allows children
six-year-old and older to enjoy the house with their parents.
Adults —$20.00 with advance purchase
— $23.00 when purchased on site
Youth (aged 6-12) —$14.00 with advance purchase
—$17.00 when purchased on site
Brunch (早午餐)Tour
The guests join their guide for brunch before they leave. Children nine years
and older may be accompanied by adults on this tour. Please allow three hours in total
for this experience.
$115.00 per person (Available by advance ticket purchase only)
May through September- Saturdays & Sundays at 9:00 a.m.
51. What can we know about In-Depth Tour?
A. The ticket is available on site. B. It is not available at 9:30 a.m.
C. Visitors are forbidden to take photos. D. The number of visitors is not
limited.
52. How much will a couple with a girl aged 8 pay if they buy the Guided House Tour
tickets inadvance?
A. $34 B. $63.
C. $40. D. $54.
【答案】51. B 52. D
【解析】
【分析】
本文是说明文。文章介绍了一栋建在宾夕法尼亚州西南部瀑布上的房子——流水别墅
（Fallingwater）。
【51 题详解】
细节理解题。根据 In-Depth Tour 中的 Daily from 10:00 a.m. to 4:00 p.m.可知，In-Depth
Tour 在每日上午十时至下午四时之间开放。由此可知，早上 9:30 是不开放的。故选 B。
【52 题详解】
细节理解题。根据 Guided House Tour 中的 Adults —$20.00 with advance purchase（成人
- $20.00，预购）及 Youth (aged 6-12) —$14.00 with advance purchase（6-12 岁的青少
年- $14.00，预购），由此可知，一对夫妇带着一个 8 岁的女孩买导游房的门票需要花费
$20.00*2 +$14.00=$54.00。故选 D。
【点睛】做细节理解题时一定要找到文章中的原句，和题干进行比较，再做出正确选择。在
做推理判断题时不要以个人的主观想象代替文章的事实，要根据文章事实进行合乎逻辑的推
理判断。如第 1 小题，要求判断出 In-Depth Tour 的一些细节信息。根据 In-Depth Tour 中的
Daily from 10:00 a.m. to 4:00 p.m.可知，In-Depth Tour 在每日上午十时至下午四时之间
开放。由此可知，早上 9:30 是不开放的。故选 B。
B
For most of us, work is the central, dominating fact of life. We spend more than
half our conscious hours at work, preparing for work, traveling to and from work.
What we do there largely determines our standard of living and our status to a
considerable extent. It is sometimes said that because leisure has become more
important, the injustices of work can be pushed into a corner, and that because most
work is pretty intolerable, the people who do it should compensate for its boredom,
frustrations and humiliations by concentrating their hopes on the other parts of their
lives. For the foreseeable future, however, the material and psychological rewards which work can provide will continue to play a vital part in determining the
satisfaction that life can offer.
Yet only a small minority can control the pace at which they work or the conditions
where their work is done; only for a small minority does work offer scope for creativity,
imagination or initiative.
Inequality at work is still one of the most glaring (明显的) forms of inequality
in our society. We cannot hope to solve the more obvious problems of industrial life,
many of which arise from the frustrations created by inequality at work, unless we
handle it determinedly.
The most glaring inequality is that between managers and the rest. For most
managers, work is an opportunity and a challenge. Their jobs engage their interest
and allow them to develop their abilities. They are constantly learning. They are
able to exercise responsibility. They have a considerable degree of control over their
own and others’ working lives. Most important of all, they have opportunities to
initiate. By contrast, for most manual workers, work is a boring, dull, even painful
experience. They spend all their working lives in intolerable conditions. The majority
have little control over their work. It provides them with no opportunity for personal
development. Many jobs are so routine that workers feel themselves to be mere cogs
(齿轮) in the bureaucratic machine. As a direct consequence of their work
experience, many workers feel alienated (疏远) from their work and their firm.
53. In the writer’s opinion, people judge others mainly by ________.
A. the type of work they do B. the place where they work
C. the time they spend at work D. the amount of money they earn
54. According to the writer, to solve problems in an industrial society, we ________.
A. should create more working opportunities for the poor
B. have to get rid of the unequal aspects in work
C. had better cancel all managing positions in a company
D should encourage the manual workers to promote efficiency
55. What advantage does the writer say managers have over workers?
.A. They won’t be out of work.
B. They get time off to learn constantly.
C. They can work at what interests them.
D. They have complete control over themselves.
【答案】53. A 54. B 55. C
【解析】
本文是议论文。工作的人们生活的中心和主导，工作也给人们带来很多的问题。文章论述了
这些问题。
【53 题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段的第二句话 What we do there largely determines our standard of
living and our status to a considerable extent.（我们在那里的所作所为在很大程度上
决定了我们的生活水平和地位）可推知，别人会根据我们的工作来评判我们。故选 A。
【54 题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段中的 We cannot hope to solve the more obvious problems of
industrial life, many of which arise from the frustrations created by inequality at
work, unless we handle it determinedly.（我们不能指望解决工业生活中更明显的问题，
其中许多问题是由工作中的不平等造成的挫折引起的，除非我们坚决地处理它）可知，我们
的工作存在很多不公平的现象，除非我们坚决抵制。这里 inequality 与 unequal 同义替换，
handle it determinedly 与 get rid of 同义替换。故选 B。
【55 题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段 Their jobs engage their interest and allow them to develop
theirabilities.（他们的工作激发了他们的兴趣，使他们得以发展自己的能力）可知，他们
可以从事自己感兴趣的工作。A 选项无中生有，B 选项没有说 they will get time off, D 选
项原文是 to a large extent 而非 complete control.故选 C。
C
It started during a yoga class. She felt a strange pull on her neck, a feeling
completely foreign to her. Her friend suggested she rush to the emergency room. It
turned out that she was having a heart attack.
She didn’t share similar symptoms with someone who was likely to have a heart
attack. She exercised, watched her plate and did not smoke. But on reviewing her medical history, I found that her cholesterol (胆固醇) level was sky-high. She had
been prescribed a cholesterol-lowering statin (他汀) medication, but she never picked
up the prescription because of the scary things she had read about statins on the
Internet. She was the victim of fake medical news.
While misinformation has been the object of great attention in politics, medical
misinformation might lead to an increase in deaths. As is true with fake news in general,
medical lies tend to spread further than truths on the Internet—and they have very
real bad consequences.
False medical information can also lead to patients experiencing greater side
effects through the “nocebo effect (反安慰剂效应) ”. Sometimes patients benefit
from an intervention (干预) simply because they believe they will—that’s the placebo
effect (安慰剂效应) . The nocebo effect is the opposite. Patients can experience
harmful effects because they anticipate them. This is very true of statins. In blinded
trials, patients who get statins are no more likely to report feeling muscle aches
than patients who get a placebo. Yet, in clinical practice, according to one study,
almost a fifth of patients taking statins report side effects, leading many to
discontinue the drugs.
What else is on the fake news hit list? As always, vaccines (疫苗) . False concerns
that the vaccine may cause side effects have greatly reduced coverage rates.
Cancer is another big target for pushers of medical misinformation—many of whom
refuse alternative therapies. “Though most people think cancer tumors are bad,
they’re actually the way your body attempts to contain the harmful cells,” one fake
news story reads. It warns that prescription medications lead to the uncontrolled
cell mutations (变异) .
Silicon Valley needs to face this problem. I am not a free-speech lawyer, but
when human health is at risk, perhaps search engines, social media platforms and
websites should be held responsible for promoting or hosting fake information.
Meanwhile, journalists should do a better job of spreading accurate information.
56. We can learn from Paragraph 2 that ________.
A. the woman paid little attention to her daily dietsB. the unhealthy lifestyle might lead to the woman’s heart attack
C. the symptom of the heart attack was familiar to the woman
D. the woman didn’t take the prescription due to fake medical news
57. According to the passage, the placebo effect functions because patients ________.
A. neglect necessary treatment B. discontinue the harmful drugs
C. believe the benefits of an intervention D. suffer more side effects
58. What does the author mean by claiming that “he is not a free-speech lawyer”
in the last paragraph?
A. He is a lawyer very easy to speak to.
B. He is good at speaking because of his job.
C. He is available to give a speech on the law.
D. He is very cautious when speaking something
59. The main purpose of the passage is to ________.
A. remind us to take medication as prescribed
B. warn us against fake medical news on the Internet
C. encourage journalists to report more positive news events
D. teach us how to distinguish fake medical news on the Internet
【答案】56. D 57. C 58. D 59. B
【解析】
本文是议论文。文章通过举例来论证了网络谣言，尤其是关于药物的网络谣言有巨大的杀伤
力。
【56 题详解】
细节理解题。首先我们找到第二段，A 选项说她不注意她的日常饮食，根据第二段第二行中 She
exercised, watched her plate and did no smoke.可知该选项错误。BC 选项无中生有。D 选项
在文中第二段倒数第一行和第二行。she never picked up the prescription because of the
scary things she had read about stains on the Internet.（她从来没有拿过这个处方，
因为她在网上看到关于他汀的可怕事情）可知，由于虚假的医疗信息，这名女子没有服用那
个处方药。故选 D。
【57 题详解】
细节理解题。首先找到定位词“placebo effect”然后定位到文中第四段 Sometimes patients benefit from an intervention simply because they believe they will— that’s the
placebo effect.（有时患者从干预中获益仅仅是因为他们相信他们会——这就是安慰剂效应）
由此可知，安慰剂效应的作用是因为患者相信干预的好处。故选 C。
【58 题详解】
词义猜测题。定位到最后一段中的 I am not a free-speech lawyer, but when human health
is at risk,perhaps search engines, social media platforms and websites should be held
responsible for promoting or hosting fake information.（我不是一个言论自由的律师，
但当人类健康受到威胁时，或许搜索引擎、社交媒体平台和网站应该为推广或提供虚假信息
负责），句中的 perhaps 可知，他不赞成随口造谣、传谣的，同时他说话很谨慎。故选 D。
【59 题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段中的 As is true with fake news in general, medical lies tend
to spread further than truths on the Internet—and they have very real bad consequences.
（就像假新闻一样，医络上传播得比真相还远，而且后果非常严重）及文章中的例子可知，
全文的主要目的是通过举例来论证了网络谣言，尤其是关于药物的网络谣言有巨大的杀伤力，
来教我们如何辨别网上的假医疗新闻。A 选项不是主题，只是第二段中提到的分支。C 选项只
有最后一段提到。D 选项错误，并没有教我们区分假消息。故选 B。
D
A story posted by The New York Post Monday tells the tale of Katrina Holte, a
Hillsboro woman who quit her job to cosplay a 1950s housewife.
Let me start by expressing admiration to Holte for using her 2019 freedoms to
follow her 1950s dreams. Everyone should be so lucky as to get to decide what they
wear and how they spend their time. That’s the future our foremothers fought for.
But as much fun as I am sure she is having living a vintage (复古的) life, which
literally includes watching shows like “I Love Lucy” and listening to vinyl
recordings (刻录碟片) , I think it’s important to remember that being a 1950s
housewife was actually totally awful, and something our grandmothers and mothers
fought against.
For example, once I called my grandma and asked her for her recipe for Cloud
Biscuits, these delicious biscuits she used to make that we would cover with butter
and homemade raspberry jam on Thanksgiving.“Why would you want that?” she said. “Go to the store. Go to the freezer section.
Buy some pre-made biscuits and put them in the oven.”
She straight-up refused to give me the recipe, because it was hard and took a
long time to make. In her mind, it was a waste of time.
Getting off the phone, it occurred to me that spending every day of your life
serving a husband and five children wasn’t fun at all. And then there are the
grandchildren who eventually come along demanding Cloud Biscuits, a whole new expanded
set of people to feed.
She was basically a slave to those hungry mouths, cooking scratch meals three
times a day
When she wasn’t trapped in the kitchen, she had to keep the house clean, make
sure she looked good enough to be socially acceptable, and make sure her kids and
husband looked good enough to be socially acceptable. And she had no days off.
I know my grandma loves her kids and her grandkids, her husband and the life she
led, but man, it must have been a lot of thankless, mindless labor.
No wonder everyone went all-in on processed foods when they came around. Imagine
the nice break something like a microwave dinner would give a woman working, unpaid,
for her family every single day?
I also had another grandma. She was a scholar who helped found the Center for
the Study of Women in Society at University of Oregon. She was a pioneering second-wave
feminist who wrote books, gave lectures and traveled the world.
But, she did all of that after divorcing my grandpa, when most of her kids were
out of the house. Back then, in the 1950s and the 1960s, there was no illusion about
women “having it all”. How could that even possibly happen? If you were taking care
of a family, waiting on your husband, you had no time to follow your dreams, unless
you made that your dream
A lot of women took that approach. We call it Stockholm Syndrome now.
And of course, these women I am talking about are upper-middle-class white women.
Romanticizing the 1950s is especially disgusting when you think about how women of
color and poor women were treated back then, and the lack of education and choices available to them.
Because the women in this country demanded something approaching equality, Holte
has the chance to live out her fantasy. Not every woman in America is so lucky.
We still don’t have pay equality and in many states, we still don’t have autonomy
over our own bodies. Poor women and women of color still lack the opportunities of
their wealthy and white peers.
And while it’s getting better, women are still expected to be responsible for
the emotional labor of running a household and raising the children.
But at least we can get jobs. At least we don’t have to sew our own clothes,
wear a full face of makeup every day and spend hours making Cloud Biscuits some
ungrateful kid will wolf down, barely remembering to say thank you.
60. According to the author, what is the future our foremothers fought for?
A. Watching shows like “I Love Lucy” and listening to vinyl recordings.
B. Having the freedom to make choices in their daily life.
C. Making Cloud Biscuits for their kids and husbands.
D. Making sure their kids and husbands socially acceptable.
61. What does the underlined word “that” in paragraph 13 refer to?
A. Writing books, giving lectures and traveling the world.
B. Divorcing husband when kids were out of house.
C. Taking care of a family and waiting on husband.
D. Women’s illusion about “having it all”.
62. What does the “Stockholm Syndrome” in paragraph 14 really mean in the passage?
A. Women have been used to the unfair treatment at home
B. Women nowadays like the way of life in the 1950s.
C. Victims end up sympathizing with the abusers.
D. Women have the chance to live out their dreams.
63. The author thinks of the life of a 1950s housewife as ________.
A. fantastic B. admirable
C. awful D. unforgettable
64. What can we learn from the passage?A. It was a waste of time to give grandchildren the recipe.
B. All women are not lucky to follow their own dreams in America now.
C. Housewives received recognition for their efforts from family members.
D. The upper-middle-class white women did a better job in running the household.
65. What is the author’s main purpose in writing this passage?
A. To show great appreciation to her grandmas.
B. To call on housewives to claim the pay for the housework they undertake.
C. To draw readers’ attention to the situations women face, especially those poor
and of color.
D. To arouse women’s awareness of equal pay at work.
【答案】60. B 61. C 62. A 63. C 64. B 65. C
【解析】
本文是记叙文。作者认为在日常生活中拥有选择的自由是我们的祖先为之奋斗的未来，同时
想让读者注意到女性所面临的处境，尤其是那些贫穷的有色人种。
【60 题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中的 Everyone should be so lucky as to get to decide what they
wear and how they spend their time. That’s the future our foremothers fought for.（每个
人都应该很幸运，能够决定自己穿什么，如何度过时间。这就是我们的祖先为之奋斗的未来）
由此可知，作者认为在日常生活中拥有选择的自由是我们的祖先为之奋斗的未来。A 选项只是
Katrina Holte 的个人选择，错误。CD 选项是 1950 的女性的日常生活，也不符合题意。故选
B。
【61 题详解】
词义猜测题。找到划线词所在句 If you were taking care of a family, waiting on your
husband, you had no time to follow your dreams, unless you made that your dream.（如果你
要照顾一个家庭，服侍你的丈夫，你就没有时间去追求你的梦想，除非你把它当成你的梦想）
可知，that 指代的其实是前面的内容，也就是 taking care of a family, waiting on your
husband。故选 C。
【62 题详解】
词义猜测题。根据划线词所在句及前面的 A lot of women took that approach. We call it
Stockholm Syndrome now. （ 很 多 女 性 采 取 了 这 种 方 式 。 我 们 现 在 称 之 为 Stockholm Syndrome ）可知，我们现在把 1950s 很多女性接受了这个方式生活下去的这个现象称作
Stockholm Syndrome。根据上文可知，1950s 很多女性的生活方式则是——照顾家庭、服侍丈
夫、没有时间去追求自己的梦想，这对女性来讲是不公平的。因此 A 选项正确，be used to
和 take that approach 形成替换。B 选项错误，说的是 1950s 而不是现代。C 选项没有具体的
时代背景，错误。D 选项不是 1950s 的现象，错误。故选 A。
【63 题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段中的 I think it’s important to remember that being a 1950s
housewife was actually totally awful, and something our grandmothers and mothers
foughtagainst.（我认为重要的是要记住，作为一个 50 年代的家庭主妇实际上是非常糟糕的，
这是我们的祖母和母亲所反对的）可知，作者认为 20 世纪 50 年代家庭主妇的生活很糟糕。
故选 C。
【64 题详解】
推理判断题。根据倒数第四段中的 Holte has the chance to live out her fantasy. Not every
woman in America is so lucky.（霍尔特有机会实现她的梦想。不是每个美国女人都这么幸
运）可推知，在美国，并不是所有的女性都有机会追逐自己的梦想。故选 B。
【65 题详解】
推理判断题。作者写文章的目的必然与其主旨有关。目的在文章中最集中指出问题的一段，
也就是倒数第三段 We still don’t have pay equality and in many states, we still
don’t have autonomy over our own bodies. Poor women and women of color still lack
the opportunities of their wealthy and white peers.（我们仍然没有薪酬平等，在许多
州，我们仍然没有对自己身体的自主权。贫困妇女和有色人种妇女仍然缺乏与富裕和白人妇
女同等的机会）。由此可知，作者写这篇文章的主要目的是让读者注意到女性所面临的情况，
尤其是那些贫穷和有色人种的情况。A 选项很容易排除，B 选项说呼吁家庭主妇为他们承担的
家庭劳作要求报酬也与主旨无关。D 选项涵盖的太小了，不仅仅是 equal pay。故选 C。
第 II 卷(非选择题，共 40 分)
第四部分:词汇检测(共 5 小题；每小题 1 分，满分 5 为)
请认真阅读下列各个小题，并根据上下文语境和所给首字母的提示，写出下列各句空格中的
单词，注意保持语义和形式的一致。请将答案的完整形式写在答题卡上相应题号的横线上。
66. — Why have you been so restless these days?
— Air tickets are in shortage. We are struggling to get seats on a plane b____for Mexico.
67. — Susan, do you know the meaning of “Brexit”?
— Yes. It refers to Britain exiting from the EU, namely, the s ____ from EU.
68. — Have you heard of the famous translator Xu Yuanchong, who is still devoted
to his work at the age of 98?
— Absolutely! C____ his age, he leads a very active life.
69. — To fit in the new working environment and master professional skills, Jason
attended a night school.
— The new job gave him passion and added a new d____ to his life.
70. — With the rise of online stores, numerous physical stores have been closed down
in Suzhou. — It is the law of the j ____ . You have to be strong enough to succeed.
【答案】66. bound
67. separation
68. Considering
69. dimension
70. jungle
【解析】
【66 题详解】
考查形容词。句意：—你这些天怎么这么坐立不安?—机票短缺。我们正在努力争取飞往墨西
哥的飞机座位。根据所给句子，结合首字母提示，可推出是形容词 bound“准备去的”，a plane
bound for Mexico “一架飞往墨西哥的飞机”。故填 bound。
【67 题详解】
考查名词。句意：—苏珊，你知道“英国退欧”是什么意思吗?—是的。它指的是英国退出欧
盟，即脱离欧盟。根据所给句子，结合首字母提示，由空前 the 及空后 from 可推出是名词
separation“分离”。故填 separation。
【68 题详解】
考查介词。句意：—你听说过著名翻译家徐渊冲吗？他 98 岁了还在孜孜不倦地工作。—绝对！
考虑到他的年龄，他过着非常活跃的生活。根据所给句子，结合首字母提示，可推出是介词
considering “考虑到，鉴于”。故填 Considering。
【69 题详解】考查名词。句意：—为了适应新的工作环境并掌握专业技能，贾森上了夜校。—新工作给了
他激情，给他的生活增添了新的内容。根据所给句子，结合首字母提示，可推出是名词
dimension“维(构成空间的因素)”，由空前 a 可知，此处使用名词单数。故填 dimension。
【70 题详解】
考查名词。句意：—随着网上商店的兴起，苏州有很多实体店被关闭。—这是弱肉强食的法
则。你必须足够强大才能成功。根据所给句子，结合首字母提示，可推出是名词 jungle“丛
林”。故填 jungle。
第五部分:任务型阅读(共 10 小题；每小题 1 分，满分 10 分)
请认真阅读下面的短文，并根据所读内容在文章后表格中的空格里填入一个最恰当的单词。
注意：请将答案写在答题卷上相应题号的横线上，每个空格只填一个单词。
When times are tough, how should governments in poor countries ensure their
citizens remain fed? In the past, most of them used subsidies (现金补助) to keep food
prices low for all their citizens. But these policies have become ineffective: the
cost of maintaining Egypt’s food subsidies, for instance, nearly doubled between
2009 and 2013. And much of the money goes to the wrong people. In Egypt and the
Philippines less than 20% of spending on food subsidies goes to poor households. In
the Middle East and North Africa only 35% of subsidies reach 40% of the poorest, the
IMF notes.
Motivated by a desire to control growing budget deficits (赤字) , many countries
are replacing broad subsidies with policies aimed more directly at the needy. But
what form should the targeted aid take? Earlier this month Iran introduced free
handouts of food to replace its subsidy method. Other countries, such as Indonesia
and Malaysia, have chosen instead to provide extra cash benefits to the poor. So far,
food vouchers (代金券) have been the least popular option. Proposals to introduce
food vouchers in such countries as Malaysia have been rejected on the basis that they
were too American and un-Asian.
However, the researchers at the International Food Policy Research Institute
(IFPRI) thought that might have been a mistake and analyzed the results of an
experiment conducted by the World Food Programme in Ecuador, a South American country,
in 2011, which compared handouts of food, cash and vouchers in the experiment. The study found that direct handouts— Iran’s new policy—were the least effective option.
They cost three times as much as vouchers to promote calorie intake by 15%, and were
four times as costly as a way of increasing dietary diversity and quality. Distribution
costs were high, and wastage was also a problem. Only 63% of the food given away was
actually eaten, while 83% of the cash was spent on food and 99% of the vouchers were
exchanged as intended. Food handouts have also been the costliest option in similar
projects in some African countries, according to John Hoddinott at IFPRI.
In Ecuador there was little difference in cost between handing out cash and food
vouchers, the other two options. But food vouchers were better at encouraging people
to buy healthier foods because of restrictions on what items could be exchanged for
them. It was 25% cheaper to promote the quality of household nutrition using food
vouchers than it was by handing out cash.
A switch from universal subsidies to vouchers could be the most efficient way
of promoting health as well as relieving poverty. This is very necessary in many
developing countries, according to Lynn Brown, a consultant for the World Bank.
Topic
Feeding expectations: Why food vouchers are a policy ___71___
consideration in developing countries?
Aim of
universal
subsidies
To ___72___ for the citizens in poor countries.
Cash
●It keeps food prices low for all citizens.
●It is not ___73___ in the long term:
＊The cost keeps increasing.
＊Much of the money doesn’t reach those really in ___74___ .
Analyses
of three
policies
Handouts of food
●The food can reach the needy ___75___ .●They cost twice more than vouchers to promote calorie intake.
●A lot of the food handed out is wasted, thus ___76___ a matter
of wastage.
Food vouchers
●They work better when it ___77___ to encouraging people to buy
healthier foods.
●___78___ with handing out cash, using food vouchers costs much
less.
●They are too American and un-Asian.
Conclusio
n
It’s a ___79___ to use vouchers in many developing countries
because it not only helps to___80___ poverty but also promotes
health most efficiently
【答案】71. worth/deserving
72. provide
73. effective
74. need 75. directly
76. causing
77. comes 78. Compared
79. necessity/must
80. relieve
【解析】
本文是议论文。当时局艰难时，贫穷国家的政府应如何确保其公民有饭吃？文章论述了什么
食品券是发展中国家值得考虑的政策。
【71 题详解】
本题最后一道做，是标题题。根据最后一段中的 A switch from universal subsidies to
vouchers could be the most efficient way of promoting health as well as relieving
.poverty. This is very necessary in many developing countries, according to Lynn Brown,
a consultant for the World Bank.（从普遍补贴转向代金券可能是促进健康和消除贫困的最
有效方式。世界银行顾问林恩•布朗表示，这在许多发展中国家非常必要）及全文的内容可
知 ， food vouchers 是 最 合 理 最 划 算 的 政 策 ， 因 此 它 值 得 发 展 中 国 家 去 考 虑 。 故 填
worth/deserving。
【72 题详解】
根据第一段中的 When times are tough, how should governments in poor countries ensure
their citizens remain fed?（当时局艰难时，贫穷国家的政府应如何确保其公民有饭吃）可
知，universal subsidies（补贴）的目的是 ensure their citizens remain fed（确保其公
民有饭吃）。由空后 for 可知，此处替换成 provide for the citizen in poor countries。故填
provide。
【73 题详解】
根据第一段中的 But these policies have become ineffective（但这些政策已经失效）可知，
此处把 ineffective 替换成 not effective。故填 effective。
【74 题详解】
根据第一段中的 And much of the money goes to the wrong people.（大部分钱都花在了错
误的人身上）和第二段中的另一个提示 aimed more directly at the needy（更直接地针对有
需要的人）。Needy 与此处 in need 形成同义替换。故填 need。
【75 题详解】
原词重现，根据第二段中的 Motivated by a desire to control growing budget deficits (赤
字) , many countries are replacing broad subsidies with policies aimed more directly
at the needy.（出于控制不断增长的预算赤字的愿望，许多国家正在用更直接针对贫困人口
的政策取代广泛的补贴）可知，此处填写 directly。故填 directly。
【76 题详解】
根据第三段中的 Distribution costs were high, and wastage was also a problem.（配送
成本高，浪费也是一个问题）可知，一大部分食物被浪费导致了巨大的浪费问题。因此需要
一个链接前后句的承接词，由题意我们选择 causing“造成”。故填 causing。
【77 题详解】
根据倒数第二段中的 But food vouchers were better at encouraging people to buy
healthier foods because of restrictions on what items could be exchanged for them（但食品券在鼓励人们购买更健康的食品方面做得更好，因为可以兑换的食品种类受到了限制）可
知，当鼓励人们去买健康食物的时候 food vouchers 效果很好。When it comes to…“当……
的时候”。故填 comes。。
【78 题详解】
根据倒数第二段中的 It was 25% cheaper to promote the quality of household nutrition
using food vouchers than it was by handing out cash.（用食品券来提高家庭营养质量比用现
金要便宜 25%）可知，handing out cash 和 food voucher 相比更加贵，两者是对比关系，应
使用 compare“比较”的过去分词。故填 Compared。
【79 题详解】
原词重现，根据最后一段中的 A switch from universal subsidies to vouchers could be the
most efficient way of promoting health as well as relieving poverty. This is very
necessary in many developing countries, according to Lynn Brown, a consultant for
the World Bank.（从普遍补贴转向代金券可能是促进健康和消除贫困的最有效方式。世界银
行顾问林恩•布朗表示，这在许多发展中国家非常必要）可知，此处使用 necessity/must“必
要性/必须”，由空前 a 可知，此处使用名词单数。故填 necessity/must。
【80 题详解】
原词重现，根据最后一段中的 A switch from universal subsidies to vouchers could be the
most efficient way of promoting health as well as relieving poverty. This is very
necessary in many developing countries, according to Lynn Brown, a consultant for
the World Bank.（从普遍补贴转向代金券可能是促进健康和消除贫困的最有效方式。世界银
行顾问林恩•布朗表示，这在许多发展中国家非常必要）可知，此处使用 relieve“解除，减
轻”。故填 relieve。
第六部分:书面表达(共 1 小题；满分 25 分)
81.请阅读下面这段文字，并按照要求用英语写一篇 150 词左右的文章。
How much money should I spend each month? This is asked by college students at
the start of every term, and it’s become a hot topic of discussion following a
controversial online post. The post was about a college student who demanded 4,500
yuan for monthly living expenses from her mom, reported China Daily
In the post, this new college student explained that her school is in a top-tier
city and that her expenses included skin-care products and new clothes. Her mother did not agree and “only” gave her 2,000 yuan.
The post started a heated debate. Some people came to her defense. Girls invest
a lot in skin-care products and new clothes while boys invest much in shoes, latest
electronic devices and equipment for games.
However, someone thinks 4,500 yuan is too much. According to a 2019 report,
students in 15 cities spent more than 1,500 yuan a month on average. Beijing topped
the list at 2,400 yuan, and Shanghai followed close behind at 2,300 yuan. In some
cities, a parent may only earn a monthly salary of 4,000 or 5,000 yuan. Nevertheless,
some students insist on buying Dyson vacuum cleaners (吸尘器) for their dormitories
instead of common brooms. Others demand Apple laptops to study at Starbucks, instead
of going to the library.
【写作内容】
1．用约 30 个词概括上文内容；
2．用约 120 个词谈谈你对这一现象的看法，包括如下要点：
（1）分析哪些原因造成了大学生生活开销的上涨（不少于两点）；
（2）你觉得文中该大学生的要求是否合理？请阐述你的理由或建议（不少于两点）。
【写作要求】 不能直接引用原文句子。
【答案】A college student demanded for higher living expenses that are far beyond
the average, which was turned down by her mother. Opinions on this issue vary from
person to person.
The reasons behind higher living expenses deserve thorough reflection. First of
all, it goes without saying that soaring prices for commodities along with constant
increasing investment in self-image and self-improvement, to some extent, give rise
to such demands. In addition to basic needs, a large sum of money is wasted on
unnecessary or luxurious things, which partly reflects college students’ irrational
attitudes towards consumption.
From my perspective, by no means can asking for excessive living expenses be taken
for granted. Despite the rising price, college students, especially those from poor
areas, are expected to reduce parents’ financial burden by doing part-time jobs and
making budgets instead of blind consumption. Meanwhile, compared with appearance, more investment is encouraged to enhance inner quality. (150 words)
【解析】
【分析】
这篇作文再次选择了高考中热门的正反观点对比，大学生到底需不需要这么高的生活费？
【详解】作为准大学生，高三的孩子们应该是有话可写的，尤其是生活在苏州这种富庶的地
方，价比天高，对于外面花花世界的诱惑，孩子们的观点应该会很有意思。
作为社会现象类文章，首先我们需要抓准首段的社会现象。
第一段：网络上流传着一个有争论的帖子，一个女孩因为在一线城市上大学，找妈妈要 4500
元每个月的生活费，理由是要护肤，买衣服，买电子产品。
第二段：女孩的妈妈义正言辞地拒绝了她的请求。
第三段和第四段：网友有人支持，有人反对。支持的原因是确实开销大，反对的原因是大学
生对于物质的追求其实已经超出了父母的承受能力。
值得注意的是，反对和支持的理由由于字数的限制，可以不用写出来。第一段的结构为事件
和反响即可。
于是，我们第一段的内容就出炉了。
A freshman, maintaining that the expense in first-tier city was much higher, demanded
4,500 yuan per month from her mom,who rejected the daughter’s request resolutely.
Interestingly, netizens are divided on this incident. (32 words)
第二段分析生活费上涨原因，可以向内看，和向外看。
向内看：如今，大学生对于物质的需求不比往届学长学姐，学爷学奶，往届的娃娃们生活清
贫，艰苦朴素，不知星巴克，劳力士为何物？而如今大学生左口一个星巴克，右口一个耐克
阿迪。不穿名牌都不好意思去上课。
向外看：我们的物质生活水平确实提高了很多，对美好生活的向往心态也是与日俱增。而且，
物价水平也在飙升，猪肉都 40 元一斤了，食堂的饭菜自然要涨价。车厘子都 80 元一斤了，
水果再贵也得吃。考虑到大学生的吃喝拉撒费用都在上升，生活费自然也得跟上去。
所以我们的第二段内容就有了。
Behind the soar of college students’ living expense lie two major drivers, the first
of which goes to the rocketing commodity price. Gone are the days when students could
enjoy a square meal at four to five yuan in the school canteen. Instead, it is not
uncommon that asimple dish with pork or beef would cost them an arm and a leg, which is almost six times what it used to be. Another factor at play is that vanity and
materialism prevail among university students, who might blindly chase after famous
brands like iPhone or Starbucks. Inevitably, these luxury goods will add to their
already too high expense. (108 words)
作为一个正气浩然的高中生，肯定要反对这种恬不知耻，依赖心，攀比心，物质心超强的无
耻做法。理由是爸爸妈妈赚钱不易，而且自己已经成年，可以通过做一些力所能及的兼职（当
然在不影响自己学业的情况下）来增加自己的收入。同时，也要抵制物质主义和攀比心来腐
蚀自己，注重内在修养，多多看书，运动，广泛交友，正能量。衣服和使用物品只要干净整
洁就好了。
I definitely turn my nose up at these college students’ unjustifiable and selfish
request. Firstly, in no way should our parents’ hard-earned money be squandered on
luxury goods, only to feed our vanity or materialism. Secondly, being an independent
and self-reliant adult, Ican take up some odd jobs to alleviate my parents’ financial
burden. Lastly, skincare and cosmetic are unnecessary since a neat and tidy appearance
will do for an economically dependent student. (75 words)
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