2020年普通高等学校招生伯乐马押题考试 （一）英语.docx

绝密★启用前 ‎2020年普通高等学校招生伯乐马押题考试（一）‎ 英 语 注意事项：‎ ‎1.答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。‎ ‎2.作答时，务必将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷及草稿纸上无效。‎ ‎3.考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。‎ 第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分）‎ 做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案 转涂到答题卡上。‎ 第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7. 5分）‎ 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选 项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读 一遍。‎ 例： How much is the shirt?‎ A. £19. 15. B. £9. 18. C. £9. 15.‎ 答案是C。‎ ‎1.What is the woman doing?‎ A. Doing homework. B. Working out. C. Reading a magazine.‎ ‎2.Why does the woman talk to the man?‎ A. To ask about his plan. B. To ask for a favor. C. To send for a doctor.‎ ‎3.What's the man's favorite channel?‎ A. History. B. Nature. C. Science.‎ ‎4.Where does the conversation take place?‎ A. In a shopping centre. B. At home. C. In a candy store.‎ ‎5.What's the woman's plan for tomorrow?‎ A. To take an exam. B. To review lessons. C. To go to the cinema.‎ 第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22. 5分）‎ 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项 中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后, 各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。‎ 听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。‎ ‎6. Why does Ann hate her current apartment?‎ A. The neighborhood is noisy. B. It's far from the college. C. It's too expensive.‎ ‎7. How is Roger going to help Ann?‎ A. Calling his friend.‎ B. Looking online for rental.‎ C. Checking out an apartment.‎ 听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。‎ ‎8. What is the woman doing?‎ A. Conducting an interview. B. Promoting books. C. Borrowing books.‎ ‎9. What kind of books does the man like best?‎ A. Crime books. B. Westerns. C. Sci-fi books.‎ ‎10. How much does the man spend on fiction books every month?‎ A. $ 150. B. $ 100. C. $50.‎ 听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。‎ ‎11. How does the man feel about the woman?‎ A. She has a big appetite.‎ B. She has to go on a diet.‎ C. She is too dependent on him.‎ ‎12. What does the woman have for breakfast?‎ A. Pancakes and milk. B. Eggs and bacon. C. Bananas and bread.‎ ‎13. What's the relationship between the speakers?‎ A. Friends. B. Father and daughter. C. Waiter and customer.‎ 听第9段材料，回答第14至16题。‎ ‎14. What are the speakers talking about?‎ A. A tourist destination. B. Tomorrow's program. C. The woman's new job.‎ ‎15. Who is Mark?‎ A. A hotel manager. B. Diana's colleague. C. A worker at the park.‎ ‎16. What does the woman think of her job?‎ A. Satisfying. B. Unfair. C. Boring.‎ 听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。‎ ‎17. What do we know about James Watson?‎ A. He has been promoted.‎ B. He is doing a new project.‎ C. He will leave office.‎ ‎18. When will the staff parking lot be closed?‎ A. This week. B. This month. C. Next month.‎ ‎19. Where will a clerk park if he arrives after 8:30 a. m. ?‎ A. In the church car park.‎ B. In the company car park.‎ C. On Brown Street.‎ ‎20. What will the staff use to pay for their meals in the canteen?‎ A. The cash. B. The company ID card. C. The credit card.‎ 第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）‎ ‎ 第一节（共15小题；每小题2分,满分30分）‎ 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。‎ A Best Science Books For Kids of All Ages Diary of a Time Traveler by David Long When young Augustus falls asleep in history class, Professor Tempo decides to show him that history isn't boring at all. She hands him a magic diary; all he needs to do is write the time and place to travel there. Each double page spread introduces a different time and place and in the back you can find short biographies of all the historical characters covered.‎ Price： US$22. 99‎ Equal Shmequal by Virginia Kroll Mouse and her friends want to play tug-of-war but they can't figure out how to make teams that are equal. Nothing works until they measure and equalize their teams based on size, weight, and strength. A perfect addition to any science collection that shows readers how math can be used in everyday problem-solving.‎ Price： US$11. 16‎ Galapagos George by Jean Craighead George Famous naturalist and bestselling author of the Newbery Medal, winning Julie of the Wolves and the highly praised Everglades, Jean Craighead George once again introduces children to the wonders of the natural world in this incredible evolution story set in the Galapagos Islands. This is the story of the famous Lonesome George, a giant tortoise who was the last of his species.‎ Price： US$9. 90‎ Little Changes by Tiffany Taylor Natural disaster strikes and splits a group of fun beings into two. They evolve separately through many adventures. Teach your children about the wonders of evolution with this fun story. Get them asking questions about the world they live in and show kids how things are the way they are.‎ Price： US$7. 50‎ ‎21. Why does the professor give Augustus a magic diary?‎ A. To punish him severely. B. To write short biographies.‎ C. To excite his interest in history. D. To remember the time and place in it.‎ ‎22. Who is the winner of the Newbery Medal?‎ A. Tiffany Taylor. B. Jean Craighead George.‎ C. David Long. D. Virginia Kroll.‎ ‎23. What do Galapagos George and Little Changes tell about?‎ A. Natural disaster. B. Animal protection.‎ C. Creature evolution. D. Wilderness Survival.‎ B I still remember my first gemology lecture in college. In the classroom, half of the stations had microscopes and other instruments for closely examining small stones. The other stations only had a magnifying（放大）glass. Once we were all settled, the professor told us that we would be having a competition that day. He was going to give each group some precious stones to evaluate. He wrote the average price of each type of stone on the chalkboard. Our job was to evaluate the size, weight, cut and clarity of each gemstone（宝石） and then make an educated guess as to the value it held. The team that came closest would be the winner.‎ This almost seemed too easy! There was no way that the other team would be able to pick up on the imperfections in the stones with only a magnifying glass. I got excited about our chances of winning victory.‎ Twenty minutes later, we submitted our assessed prices for each of the stones. To our shock and horror, the gemstones were worth a lot more than we had assessed. Not only that, across the board the other team was within 3% of the actual cost. We had not only lost, and we had been ashamed.‎ After the chatter and cheering died down, the professor explained, "It is true that a gemstone with fewer imperfections tends to shine better, but looking from another angle, you will always find an imperfection. A gemstone's value is more in the way it shines and not so much in its imperfections. "‎ Not until then did I realize what the professor really meant. I was reminded that day that we all have imperfections. But often we look too close at our imperfections or the imperfections of others. It is the way that we "shine" that determines our value, not the size or amount of our imperfections.‎ ‎24 . What did the professor ask his students to do?‎ A. Learn to use the given tools.‎ B. Classify the stones into groups.‎ C. Evaluate the value of each gemstone.‎ D. Pick out the most imperfect gemstones.‎ ‎25. How did the author feel before the announcement of the results?‎ A. Confident. B. Nervous. C. Uncertain. D. Proud.‎ ‎26. Where did the professor think the students went wrong?‎ A. They deal with the task carelessly.‎ B. They didn't make full use of the tools.‎ C. They focused too much on the imperfections.‎ D. They assessed the stones only from one angle.‎ ‎27. What was the professor's main purpose of this lecture?‎ A. To inspire students' love for this subject.‎ B. To assess students' academic performance.‎ C. To tell students how to use experimental tools.‎ D. To teach students how to judge a person's value.‎ C During this period of social distancing and sheltering at home due to the COVID-19 pandemic, many scenic spots are closed. But you can still take virtual trips to national parks in different ways.‎ In one of the newest options, The Hidden Worlds of the National Parks by Google Arts Culture, viewers can explore the unique scenes in five parks. At each park, the Hidden Worlds tour opens with a video that introduces us to the park and to a ranger who will serve as our guide. That's followed by a series of interactive（(交互的）360-degree videos, in which we can look around the scene while our ranger provides backgrounds about what we're seeing. This may not compare with physically being there, but these videos still create a nice and surprisingly realistic experience.‎ Google Earth has simpler virtual tours for 31 U.S. national parks, complete w让h high- quality photos, 360-degree views and information about each path. While they are worth seeing, too, they aren't as immersive（(浸入式的）as the new Hidden Worlds project, which takes a deeper dive into the parks. You generally can't get as close to the scene as you do in The Hidden Worlds, but you can zoom in to see different aspects of the places you pick.‎ You can also take online tours from the U. S. National Park Service （ NPS） itself, typically on the official websites of certain parks. These tend to be much simpler than many virtual tours, often providing a collection of photos, videos, maps and educational materials rather than interactive experiences.‎ None of these may not satisfy our desire for freedom and wilderness, but as long as we're stuck at home, it's at least nice to briefly lose ourselves in these virtual replicas. They can help calm and entertain us during anxious times, but they also serve as valuable reminders that natural wonders are still out there waiting for us.‎ ‎28. What does a ranger do in The Hidden Worlds?‎ A. Preserve the parks. B. Introduce the scenic spots.‎ C. Give instructions on safety. D. Make a video of the tourists.‎ ‎29. What is special about Google Earth?‎ A. It provides more realistic experience.‎ B. It allows users to set foot in the depths.‎ C. It can be used to expand the chosen places.‎ D. It can present clear pictures about the path.‎ ‎30. What does the underlined word "replicas" in the last paragraph refer to"‎ A. Purchases. B. Reproductions. C. Solids. D. Documents.‎ ‎31. What can be a suitable title for the text?‎ A. The Rise and Fall of Tourism B. The Social Distance and Tours C. Reducing your Boredom at Home D. Explore National Parks with Virtual Tours D A solar tower, also known as a solar power tower, is a system that transforms sunlight into electricity. The technology is mainly made up of the tower, mirrors, the receiver, cold and hot storage tanks, steam generator and turbine（涡轮）generator.‎ This solar tower is placed in the center of a large collection of mirrors. As these mirrors track the Sun, they catch the incident sunlight and reflect it back to a receiver at the top of the solar tower. In this receiver, a fluid（流体）is heated and used to generate steam. This steam then powers a conventional turbine generator to generate electricity.‎ A variety of fluids were tested to transport the sun's heat, including water, air, oil, and sodium, before a salt mixture called molten salt was picked out. Present solar towers use molten salts because of their increased heat transfer and energy storage abilities. In a molten- salt solar power tower, liquid salt at 290°C is pumped from a cold tank through the receiver where it is heated to 565°C and then on to a hot tank for storage. When power is needed from the plant, hot salt is pumped to a steam generator that produces superheated steam to drive a turbine. At sunset, the liquid salt is returned from the steam generator to the cold tank where it is stored for tomorrow's use.‎ Like all solar technologies, solar power towers are fueled by sunshine and do not give off greenhouse gases. They are unique in their ability to effectively store solar energy and distribute electricity somewhere when needed, even at night or during cloudy weather.‎ However, the water demand of these plants can be seen as a problem, as solar towers require large amounts of water to operate. Hopefully, alternative cooling technologies are being studied to reduce the ‎ amount of water being used. The most challenging problem is the harmful effect these towers have on birds. Birds that fly in the way of the focused rays of Sun can be burnt to ashes. •‎ ‎32. What is Paragraph 2 mainly about?‎ A. How a solar tower works. B. What a solar power tower is.‎ C. Why mirrors reflect sunlight. D. How electricity is distributed.‎ ‎33. Why is the molten salt chosen as a fluid nowadays?‎ A. It can be used repeatedly.‎ B. It is easy to pump from the tank.‎ C. It can well protect the equipment.‎ D. It transports and stores heat effectively.‎ ‎34. Where is a cold fluid heated up when it is used?‎ A. In the hot tank. B. In the receiver.‎ C. In the cold tank. D. In the steam generator.‎ ‎35. What is the author's major concern about the effect of the solar tower?‎ A. Power failure. B. Bird safety.‎ C. Environmental pollution. D. Water supply.‎ 第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）‎ 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余 选项。‎ Studying at home seems convenient and comfortable. 36 Fortunately, there are a few tricks you can use to help you achieve your goal of studying or accomplishing what you need to get done.‎ Create a good learning environment. Make yourself a specific space just for studying. It could be at a desk in your room or a table in any part of the house. 37 Reduce distractions （分心）by studying in a quiet place or use headphones to minimize outside noises. Don't forget to turn off background entertainment, such as phones, radio and television.‎ ‎38 Set reasonable limits for how much time you spend studying each day, and break your study session up into manageable periods of time. Creating a timetable helps organize your time. It is especially useful when you have multiple subjects to study. Sticking to the routine will help you complete and turn in work on time.‎ Ask for help if necessary. Reach out to teachers if you are in trouble. Just remember, if you are emailing them outside of normal school hours, it may take longer for them to get back to you. 39 They will also help you with your difficulties. Turning to the internet is also a good choice if you are doing a project or wish to find additional information. But make sure your online resources are reliable.‎ Look after your wellbeing. Take regular breaks and get plenty of sleep. And if you are anxious, reach out and connect with parents, teachers and friends. Don't forget to eat properly! 40 ‎ A. Manage your time scientifically.‎ B. Be careful to schedule your breaks.‎ C. However, it can be hard to stay focused and productive.‎ D. Your body and your brain need fuel to help stay in top form.‎ E. There are many obvious benefits to studying effectively from home.‎ F. Participate in online discussion with your classmates or group members.‎ G. This will give you the feeling of "going to class" and help sharpen your focus.‎ 第三部分 语言知识运用（共两节，满分45分）‎ 第一节（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）‎ 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的 最佳选项。‎ TJ Kim is a second — year high school student. He was 41 when school and sports activities were 42 to slow the spread of the Coronavirus（冠状病毒）.Kim wanted to find a way to keep active and 43 the hospital at the same time. 44 , he settled on Operation SOS — Supplies Over Skies. ‎ Each week, he 45 medical supplies to small hospitals. When he made his first delivery to a hospital in Luray, he was shocked by their 46 . Kim said, "They kind of conveyed to me that they were really 47 Everyone was wanting to send donations to 48 city hospitals, but every hospital is badly in need of supplies. "‎ Kim's 49 for flying began when his father bought him a flying 50 for his 15th birthday. Since then, he's been taking flying lessons and is currently doing "cross country flights, ” 51 known as flights over 50 miles, which worked out perfectly for his volunteer 52 On his most recent flight, Kim 53 3,000 gloves, 1,000 head covers, 500 shoe covers, 50 non-surgical masks and 50 pairs of protective eyewear to help 54 a hospital in Woodstock. His 55 is to make deliveries to all seven most remote hospitals in Virginia.‎ According to Kim, the hardest part of the operation is actually 56 the supplies in the charge of his ‎ father, as the country has been 57 of personal protective equipment due to the outbreak. Kim's father, Thomas, said he was glad to see his son 58 his initial disappointment at 59 his sports season into something 60 —something that combines helping the hospital and his love of flying.‎ ‎41. A. hopeful B. curious C. grateful D. blue ‎42. A. shut down B. put off C. cut down D. opened up ‎43. A. treat B. serve C. preserve D. explore ‎44. A. Luckily B. Surely C. Finally D. Gradually ‎45. A. flies B. drives C. drags D. posts ‎46. A. reception B. defense C. guilt D. sympathy ‎47. A. preferred B. forgotten C. blamed D. respected ‎48. A. small B. affordable C. big D. costly ‎49. A. admiration B. responsibility C. excuse D. enthusiasm ‎50. A. license B. course C. video D. report ‎51. A. therefore B. otherwise C. however D. besides ‎52. A. education B. experiment C. operation D. movement ‎53. A. introduced B. returned C. promoted D. carried ‎54. A. supply B. discover C. build D. develop ‎55. A. business B. choice C. goal D. adventure ‎56. A. distributing B. storing C. gathering D. producing ‎57. A. aware B. nervous C. full D. short ‎58. A. change B. divide C. introduce D. insert ‎59. A. enjoying B. losing C. saving D. missing ‎60. A. busy B. convenient C. familiar D. positive 第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）‎ 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。‎ When all other Belgians left Wuhan due to the outbreak in the city, Jerry Van Oudenhove, a teacher with the foreign language school of Wuhan University of Bioengineering, chose to stay, 61 （become） the only Belgian left in the city. He continued teaching his students through online platforms. And he 62 （encourage） them when they got tense or nervous about the virus.‎ Van Oudenhove said, "I motivate them 63 （study） English because this will not only help relieve their anxiety but also benefit their future." He relied on such optimistic and positive language materials 64 Chime of the Dawn Bells, a piece of music composed by Belgian pianist Jean-Francois Maljean 65 （especial） for Wuhan.‎ He has been working in Wuhan for about two years. "I feel at home in Wuhan and at our university. I believe that Wuhan will rise again and become much 66 （strong）," said Van Oudenhove, 67 believes the Chinese government is doing a great job with its strict measures.‎ He reflected on his choice to work in China, and Wuhan in particular. "It was only by chance 68 I came to Wuhan," he said. "But now I believe it was a very good 69 （decide） . I love the people in the city. I feel I am one of the 10 million 70 （citizen） living here. I am a foreigner, but not an outsider."‎ 第四部分写作（共两节，满分35分）‎ 第一节 短文改错（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）‎ 假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共 有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。‎ 增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧）,并在其下面写出该加的词。‎ 删除：把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉。‎ 修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。‎ 注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；‎ ‎2.只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。‎ Last month, my comm unity start a garbage classification activity. To help people sort the waste base on different aims, I designed some posters and decided to put it up on the notice board. When I was about to print the posters, my printer wouldn't start. The situation was really worried.‎ Then idea came to mind. I just typed the problem into the computer but there came some answers. I picked the first one and followed all the direction as instructed. It worked out just like that, what saved me a trip to a printer expert and paying for him. It is always good to be bravely to try out things.‎ 第二节 书面表达（满分25分）‎ 假定你是李华，你校健身俱乐部将利用课余时间教学生学习太极（Tai Chi）。请给在你 校学习的交换生Jonah发一电子邮件。内容包括：‎ ‎1.学太极的好处；‎ ‎2.活动时间和地点；‎ ‎3.邀请他参加。‎ ‎.注意：1.词数100左右；‎ ‎2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。‎ ‎. .‎ ‎. . .‎ ‎ .‎ ‎. .‎ ‎. .‎