备战2021年高考英语主题阅读系列主题05.人与自我之职业发展（第一辑）

备战 2021 年高考英语主题阅读系列（第一辑）05 人与自我·职业发展 【主题释义】职业发展是组织用来帮助员工获取目前及将来工作所需的技能、知识的一 种规划。职业发展是致力于个人职业道路的探索、建立、取得成功和成就的终身的职业活动。 是组织有效开发人力资源，确保组织需要的岗位有充足人选的方法。高中阶段，我们要在文 化知识的同时，也要尽可能多地了解有关职业发展的规范、方法以及他人的经验等，以为今 后的职业选择提供一定的知识与方法储备。 【热点趋势】职业规划的方法；个人的职业发展历程或经验；影响职业发展的因素分析 等。 1 The goings-on in the consulting room have become more transparent( 透 明 的 ） recently. Thank goodness. We know more than the lines supplied by the movies in which the therapist knows all and gives wisdom to those who, sitting on a couch, consult with them. Therapists are interested in how the individual, the couple or the family experiences and understands their difficulties. That has to be a starting place. We can be of value if our first port of call is to listen, to gradually feel ourselves into the shoes of the other, to absorb the feelings that are being conveyed and to think and then to say some words. The thinking and talking that I do inside the consulting room is at odds with many features of ordinary conversation. Not that it is mysterious, but it isn't concerned with traditional ways of sharing or identifying. The therapist makes patterns and theories, but they are also reflecting on the words that are spoken, how they are delivered and how the words, once spoken, affect the speaker and the therapist themselves. Words can give voice to previously unknown feelings and thoughts. That’s why it’s called the talking cure. But just as words reveal so, too, can they obscure, and this gets us to the listening and feeling part of the therapy. Whatever and however the words are delivered, they will have an impact on me as a therapist. I might feel hopeless, I might feel energized, I might feel pushed away, I might feel demanded of, I might feel pulled to find solutions. The influence of the other is what makes any relationship possible or impossible. A therapist is trained to reflect on how those who consult with them affect them. As I try to step into the shoes of the other and then out again, my effort is to hold both those experiences, plus an awareness of my ease or discomfort with what I encounter in the relationship. Feelings are the bread and butter of our work in the consulting room. They inform or modify our ideas and they enable us to find an emotional bridge to what can so hurt for the people we are working with. Along with the more commonly thought-about theories and ideas we have about the psyche, they are an essential part of the therapist's toolkit, certainly for me. The talking cure means talking, yes. It also means the therapist is listening, thinking and feeling. 1.In which way is the thinking and talking the writer does different from ordinary conversation? A.It may not be understood by patients. B.It is full of terms used by most therapists. C.It is a good reflection of traditional talking. D.It involves thinking about how people speak. 2.The word" obscure"(paragraph 3) is closest in meaning to________. A.cancel B.clarify C.confirm D.conceal 3.Which of the following is the writer most likely to agree with? A.Patients' influence has been neglected by therapists for too long a time. B.Therapists need to think from their own perspectives as well as patients'. C.It is no easy job for therapists to realize how uncomfortable their patients are. D.Therapists had better push away those negative emotions acquired from patients.4.Which of the following might be the best title of the passage? A.Awareness of feelings B.It’s good to talk—and listen C.Theories that help therapists D.What is the point of being a therapist 【答案】1.D 2.D 3.B 4.B 【解析】本文是一篇说明文。文章讲述的是谈话治疗师的工作方法和技巧。 1..推理判断题。根据第二段中 The thinking and talking that I do inside the consulting room is at odds with many features of ordinary conversation. ---The therapist makes patterns and theories, but they are also reflecting on the words that are spoken, how they are delivered and how the words, once spoken, affect the speaker and the therapist themselves.“我在咨询室里进行的思考 和交谈，与普通交谈的许多特点不一致。——治疗师创造模式和理论，但他们也在反思人们 所说的话，以及这些话是如何传达的，以及这些话一旦说出，会如何影响说话者和治疗师自 己。”可知，作者的思维和说话方式与普通谈话不同的是它包括思考人们如何说话。故选 D。 2.词义猜测题。根据第三段中 Whatever and however the words are delivered, they will have an impact on me as a therapist.“无论这些话是怎么说的，它们都会对我这个治疗师产生影响。”可 知，But just as words reveal so, too, can they obscure, and this gets us to the listening and feeling part of the therapy.“但是，正如文字所揭示的那样，它们也会变得模糊，这就把我们带到治疗 的倾听和感受部分。”由此推知划线词的意思是“隐藏”。故选 D。 3.推理判断题。根据第四段中 A therapist is trained to reflect on how those who consult with them affect them. As I try to step into the shoes of the other and then out again, my effort is to hold both those experiences, plus an awareness of my ease or discomfort with what I encounter in the relationship.“治疗师被训练去反思那些咨询他们的人是如何影响他们的。当我试着设身处 地为对方着想，然后再走出困境时，我的努力就是同时拥有这两种体验，并意识到自己在这 段关系中遇到的轻松或不适。”可知作者认为“治疗师不仅要从病人的角度思考问题，也要从 他们自己的角度思考问题。”故选 B。 4.主旨大意题。根据最后一段中 The talking cure means talking, yes. It also means the therapist is listening, thinking and feeling.“谈话疗法意味着谈话，这也意味着治疗师在倾听、思考和感受。”由此可知文章讲述的是“说话和倾听都是好的治疗方法”。故选 B。 【词汇积累】absorb vt. 吸收；吸引 convey vt. 传达；运输 mysterious adj. 神秘的；不 可思议的 be concerned with 关心；涉及 reflect on 思考；反省；回想 awareness n. 意识，认识；明白，知道 encounter v. 遭遇；邂逅；遇到 【亮点句式】We know more than the lines supplied by the movies in which the therapist knows all and gives wisdom to those who, sitting on a couch, consult with them. （第一段第三句） 译文：我们知道的比电影里的台词要多，在那些台词里，治疗师无所不知，并将智慧传授给 那些坐在沙发上咨询他们的人。 2 What should you think about in trying to find your career? You are probably better at some school subjects than others. These may show strengths that you can use in your work. A boy who is good at mathematics can use that in an engineering career. A girl who spells well and likes English may be good at office work. So it is important to do well at school. On the other hand, you may not have any specially strong or weak subjects but your records show a general satisfactory standard. Although not all subjects can be used directly in a job, they may have indirect value. Knowledge of history is not required for most jobs but if history is one of your good subjects you must have learned to remember facts and details. This is an ability that can be useful in many jobs. Your school may have taught you skills, such as typing or technical drawing, which you can use in your work. You may be good at metal work or cookery (烹饪术) and look for a job where you can improve these skills. If you have had a part-time job on weekends or in the summer, think what you gained from it. If nothing else, you may have learned how to get to work on time, to follow instructions and to get on with older workers. You may have learned to give correct change in a shop, for example. Just as important, you may become interested in a particular industry or career you see from the inside of a part-time job. Facing your weak points is also part of knowing yourself. You may be all thumbs when you handle tools; perhaps you are a poor speller or cannot add up a column of figures. It is better to face any weaknesses than to pretend they do not exist. Your school record, for instance, may not be too good, yet it is an important part of your background. You should not be ashamed of it but instead recognize that you will have a chance of a fresh start at work. 5.According to the passage, what does the author encourage us to do? A.Have a specially strong subject. B.Use school performance to help to choose a career. C.Make efforts to be good at all subjects. D.Take up part-time jobs as much as possible. 6.We can learn from the third paragraph that as a student, having a part-time job __________. A.may be useful for the future work B.is helpless to find out the weak points C.is a good way to earn extra money D.is a must to experience various jobs 7.If a student’s school record is not good, he __________. A.must regret not having worked harder at school B.will be a failure in his future work sooner or later C.may do well in his future work if he chooses the right career D.should receive further education after graduation 【答案】5.B 6.A 7.C 【解析】这是一篇议论文。文章主要讲述了在校的学习表现，技能以及兼职工作与将来工作 的关系。在校学的好对求职择业大有益处，找工作也要根据自己的技能强项去找合适的工作，兼职工作则可以帮你确定你是否对某一职业感兴趣。 5.推理判断题。根据文章第一段内容“You are probably better at some school subjects than others. These may show strengths that you can use in your work.(你在学校的某些科目可能比别 人好。这些可能会显示出你可以在工作中使用的优势。)”以及“Although not all subjects can be used directly in a job, they may have indirect value.(虽然不是所有的科目都可以直接用于工作， 但它们可能有间接的价值。)”可知，在作者看来，在学校里的学习对于未来职业是有帮助的， 因此可推知，作者应会建议利用在学校里的学习表现来帮助选择职业。故选 B 项。 6.推理判断题。根据文章第三段末尾内容“Just as important, you may become interested in a particular industry or career you see from the inside of a part-time job.”可知，同样重要的是，你 可能会对你从兼职工作中看到的某个特定行业或职业感兴趣，因此可推知兼职对于未来职业 的选择也是有帮助的。故选 A 项。 7.细节理解题。根据文章末段内容“Your school record, for instance, may not be too good, yet it is an important part of your background. You should not be ashamed of it but instead recognize that you will have a chance of a fresh start at work.”可知，你的学习成绩也许不太好，但它却是背 景中重要的一部分。你不应该为此感到羞耻，而应该意识到在工作中你会有一个全新的开始， 由此可知，假如学生的学习成绩不好，未来的工作会是一个全新的开始，是可以做好的。故 选 C 项。 【词汇积累】satisfactory adj. 满意的；符合要求的 add up v. 合计 weaknesses n. 劣势， 弱点 be ashamed of 为……感到羞耻 【亮点句式】Your school may have taught you skills, such as typing or technical drawing, which you can use in your work.（第二段第一句） 译文：你的学校可能会教你一些技能，比如打字或技术制图，这些技能你可以在工作中用到。 3 Those who work on the “996” model (where employees work from 9am to 9pm, 6 days a week) must envy their counterparts (对应的人)in an American company, because they have a shorter work week. Basecamp, a Chicago-based web application company gives all his employees a short work week: just four days—a total of 32 hours, between May and September every year. Also, they usually work five days a week for the rest of the year. “That’s plenty of time to get great work done. This is all we expect and all we want from people,” says Jason Fried, a co-founder. “Working 60-plus, or 70-plus hours is unnecessary. In fact, if you have to work 60-plus or 70-plus hours a week, there’s a management problem.” The company’s summer workload must fit reduced hours, Mr. Fried insists, otherwise the benefits of a shorter week --- to recover from work, enjoy time with family and develop outside interests ---would be undone. His new research finds that it is not just long hours that are harmful to employees’ physical and mental health. It is also the intensity (强度)of work. Moreover, it suggests that intensity work harms career prospects (前景).That is because unbearable hours and intensity are in the opposite direction, reducing the quality of the work. The research concludes that the level of intensity we apply to the work we do is generally “a stronger predictor of unfavorable outcomes than overtime work”. The research compared people of similar jobs and education levels, and found they were more likely to suffer poorer happiness and worse career prospects, including satisfaction, security and promotion, when they worked at an intense level for long periods. 8.What do we know about Basecamp’s four — day work week? A.It lasts nearly half a year. B.The work pressure is too high. C.There are some management problems. D.Employees work more than 8 hours a day. 9.What does Mr. Fried intend to say in paragraph 2? A.Given plenty of time, people can do more. B.To get work done well needs plenty of time. C.People can do a job very well in a short work week.D.A long work week is appropriate for reduced workload. 10.What does the research mentioned in the text want to tell us? A.Getting much more rest. B.Improving work quality. C.Refusing a five-day work week. D.Avoiding working too intensely. 11.What can be the best title for this passage? A.More Work, More Profits B.Shorter Week, Better Reward C.Less Work, Less Benefits D.Longer Hours, Higher Intensity 【答案】8.A 9.C 10.D 11.B 【解析】这是一篇新闻报道。文章讲述了工作时间越长以及工作强度越大对工作质量的提升 起到了反作用，不仅不利于员工的身心健康，同时也损害了员工的职业前景。实际上缩短每 周的工作时间，对于工作质量的提升和员工的身心健康都有好处。 8.细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Basecamp, a Chicago-based web application company gives all his employees a short work week: just four days—a total of 32 hours, between May and September every year. ”可知，总部位于芝加哥的网络应用程序公司 Basecamp 为它的所有员 工提供了短暂的工作时间：每年五月至九月期间，每周只工作四天，总共 32 个小时。经过 简单计算可知，Basecamp 公司的每周四天工作制会持续将近半年。故选 A。 9.细节理解题。根据第二段中的““That’s plenty of time to get great work done. This is all we expect and all we want from people,” says Jason Fried, a co-founder. “Working 60-plus, or 70-plus hours is unnecessary. In fact, if you have to work 60-plus or 70-plus hours a week, there’s a management problem.””可知，公司的联合创始人 Jason Fried 说到，“有足够的时间可以将工 作完成得很出色。这是我们期望的，也是我们希望员工做到的。他们无需工作 60 或 70 多个 小时。实际上，如果你每周必须工作 60 个小时或 70 个小时以上，那么你的时间管理是存在 问题的”。即从 Mr. Fried 说的话中可知，人们在短暂的工作周内可以很好地完成工作。故选 C。 10.推理判断题。根据第四段中的“His new research finds that it is not just long hours that are harmful to employees’ physical and mental health. It is also the intensity (强度)of work. Moreover, it suggests that intensity work harms career prospects (前景).That is because unbearable hours and intensity are in the opposite direction, reducing the quality of the work.”可知，他的新研究发现， 不只是长时间的工作对员工的身心健康有害，工作强度太大对身心健康也是有害的。此外， 研究表明工作强度会损害职业前景。这是因为无法忍受的工作时间和强度对工作质量的提升 起到了反作用，从而降低了工作质量。由此可知，文章中提到的研究想告诉人们要避免工作 强度过大。故选 D。 11.标题判断题。通读全文尤其是最后一段“The research concludes that the level of intensity we apply to the work we do is generally “a stronger predictor of unfavorable outcomes than overtime work”. The research compared people of similar jobs and education levels, and found they were more likely to suffer poorer happiness and worse career prospects, including satisfaction, security and promotion, when they worked at an intense level for long periods.”可知，该研究得出的结论 是，工作强度通常比超时工作更能带来不良后果。这项研究比较了具有相似工作和教育水平 的人，结果发现，如果长时间紧张地工作，他们更有可能体验到较差的幸福感和较差的职业 前景，包括工作满意度，安全感和晋升。再结合第 2 题的分析“在短暂的一周内员工就可以 很好地完成工作”。因此，缩短每周的工作时间，对于工作质量的提升和员工的身心健康都 有好处。因此 B 项（较短的一周，更好的回报。）可以作为文章的最佳标题。故选 B。 【词汇积累】counterpart n. 副本；配对物；极相似的人或物 application n. 应用；申请 intensity n. 强度；强烈 unbearable adj. 难以忍受的 unfavorable adj. 不宜的；令人不快 的 promotion n. 提升，晋升 【 亮 点 句 式 】 The company’s summer workload must fit reduced hours, Mr. Fried insists, otherwise the benefits of a shorter week --- to recover from work, enjoy time with family and develop outside interests ---would be undone.（第三段） 译文：弗雷德坚持认为，公司的夏季工作量必须与减少的工作时间相适应，否则，缩短一周 工作时间的好处——可以从工作中恢复过来、与家人共度时光、发展业余兴趣——就会被抵 消。 4Recent data released from the Department of Labor in the US show that for the first time in 10 years, women make up more than half (50.04%)of the workforce. Many have celebrated this milestone as proof that women are inching toward equality in the workplace. After all, a symbol of women's equality in America has always been increased via labor force participation. For women in today's economy, however, increased employment also carries an increased burden. Women earn less, have less flexibility in terms of their work schedules to meet caretaking demands, and are more likely to experience discrimination based on gender or sexual harassment than their male counterparts in the workforce. Women earn less than men in nearly every occupation for which there is available data. If we do nothing, women will not reach economic equality with men until 2059.For women of color, it will take more than a century:2130 for black women and 2224 for Hispanic women(those from Latin America).This means women will have to work longer or hold multiple jobs to make ends meet and to care for their families. Increased employment among women has not translated into less work at home. Many women in the workforce are still primarily responsible for the lion's share of housework and caretaking responsibilities compared with men. A new study by Oxfam America-Institute for Women's Policy Research finds that women in the United States spend 37%more time on household and care work than their male counterparts, limiting career choices and economic mobility, and affecting their overall health and well-being. Black and Hispanic women spend nearly twice as much time on unpaid housework and caretaking demands as their male counterparts. Much has been made about our strong economy as measured by how well the stock market performs and low unemployment. There's no doubt the increase in workforce participation among women will help boost this narrative. However, it does not mean that women are more economically secure. In today's economy, working and middle-class families continue to struggle with rising housing and health care costs, stagnant wages and a shift to a technology-driven economy fueled by automation and the loss of manufacturing jobs. These trends have an extreme impact on women. 12.Why have people celebrated women's taking up more than half of the workforce? A.Because women are likely to replace men in some fields. B.Because that is the symbol of labor force participation. C.Because it indicates more equality for women at workplace. D.Because the data was released from the Department of Labor. 13.The numbers in Para.3 are used to emphasize that A.women's inequality is a hard nut to crack. B.women have to bear an increased burden. C.women earn less than men in every occupation.D.women of color see no hope to reach equality. 14.Why doesn't women's employment mean women are more economically secure? A.Manufacturing jobs are increased by high-tech automation. B.The trends in today's economy are unfavourable to women. C.Economy is measured by the performance of the stock market. D.Women are responsible for rising housing and health care costs. 15.Which would be the best title for this passage? A.Women's Participation and Economic growth. B.Over Half of Women Have Entered the Workforce. C.Women Spend More Time on Household Than Men. D.Women's Increased Employment Carries Increased Burden. 【答案】12.C 13.A 14.B 15.D【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章说明了美国劳工部最近公布的数据显示，10 年来女性首次 占到劳动力的一半以上（50.04%）。许多人庆祝这一里程碑，认为这证明了女性正在向职 场平等迈进。但是，对于当今经济中的女性而言，就业增加也带来了更大的负担。文章就女 性就业的增加是如何对女性产生更大负担的这个问题进行了具体的分析。 12.细节理解题。根据第一段中 Recent data released from the Department of Labor in the US show that for the first time in 10 years, women make up more than half (50.04%)of the workforce. Many have celebrated this milestone as proof that women are inching toward equality in the workplace.可知美国劳工部最近公布的数据显示，10 年来女性首次占到劳动力的一半以上 （50.04%）。许多人庆祝这一里程碑，认为这证明了女性正在向职场平等迈进。由此可知， 人们庆祝女性占据了一半以上的劳动力，因为这表明女性在工作场所更加平等。故选 C。 13.推理判断题。根据第三段 Women earn less than men in nearly every occupation for which there is available data. If we do nothing, women will not reach economic equality with men until 2059.For women of color, it will take more than a century:2130 for black women and 2224 for Hispanic women(those from Latin America).This means women will have to work longer or hold multiple jobs to make ends meet and to care for their families.可知几乎在所有有数据可查的职 业中，女性的收入都低于男性。如果我们什么都不做，女性要到 2059 年才能实现与男性的 经济平等。对于有色人种女性来说，这需要一个多世纪的时间：黑人女性要到 2130 年，西 班牙裔女性要到 2224 年。这意味着女性将不得不工作更长时间或从事多份工作来维持生计 和照顾家庭。由此可推知，第三段的数字是用来强调妇女的不平等是一个很难解决的问题。 故选 A。 14.细节理解题。根据最后一段 In today's economy, working and middle-class families continue to struggle with rising housing and health care costs, stagnant wages and a shift to a technology-driven economy fueled by automation and the loss of manufacturing jobs. These trends have an extreme impact on women.可知在今天的经济中，工薪阶层和中产阶级家庭继续 挣扎于不断上涨的住房和医疗费用、停滞不前的工资、向由自动化推动的技术驱动型经济的 转变以及制造业工作岗位的流失。这些趋势对女性产生了极端的影响。由此可知，女性的就 业并不意味着她们在经济上更有保障，因为当今的经济趋势对妇女不利。故选 B。 15.主旨大意题。根据第二段中 For women in today's economy, however, increased employment also carries an increased burden.可知然而，对于当今经济中的妇女来说，就业增加也带来了更 大的负担。结合文章说明了美国劳工部最近公布的数据显示，10 年来女性首次占到劳动力 的一半以上（50.04%）。许多人庆祝这一里程碑，认为这证明了女性正在向职场平等迈进。 但是，对于当今经济中的女性而言，增加就业也带来了更大的负担。文章就女性就业的增加 是如何对女性产生更大负担的这个问题进行了具体的分析。由此可知，D 选项“妇女就业增 加，负担加重”最符合文章标题。故选 D。 【词汇积累】flexibility n. 灵活性；弹性 discrimination n. 歧视；区别 harassment n. 骚扰；烦恼 multiple adj. 多重的；多样的 be compared with 与……相比较 stagnant adj. 停滞的；不景气的 【亮点句式】Women earn less than men in nearly every occupation for which there is available data.（第三段第一句） 译文：几乎在所有有数据可查的职业中，女性的收入都低于男性。 5 For high school leavers starting out in the working world, it is very important to learn particular skills and practice how to behave in an interview or how to find all internship(实习). In some countries, schools have programs to help students onto the path to work. In the United States, however, such programs are still few and far between. Research shows that if high schools provide career-related courses, students are likely to get higher earnings in later years. In Germany, students as young as 13 and 14 are expected to do internships. German companies work with schools to make sure that young people get the education they need for future employment. But in America, education reform (改革) programs focus on how well students do in exams instead of bringing them into contact with the working world. Harvard Education school professor Robert Schwartz has criticized education reformers for trying to place all graduates directly on the four-year college track. Schwartz argued that this approach leaves the country’s most vulnerable(易受影响的) kids with no jobs and no skills. Schwartz believed that the best career programs encourage kids to go for higher education while also teaching them valuable practical skills at high school. James Madison High School in New York, for example, encourages students to choose classes on career-based courses. The school then helps them gain on-the-job experience in those fields while they’re still at high school. However, even for teens whose schools encourage them to connect with work, the job market is daunting. In the US, unemployment rates for 16-to 19-year-olds are above 20 percent for the third summer in a row. “The risk is that if teenagers miss out on the summer job experience, they become part of this generation of teens who had trouble in landing a job,” said Michael, a researcher in the US. 16.What’s the main idea of the text? A.Arguments about recent US education reform. B.Tips on finding jobs for high school leavers. C.The lack of career-based courses in US high schools. D.Advice for American high school leavers. 17.According to Robert Schwartz, _________. A.there is no need for kids to go for higher education in the US B.teenagers in the US can’t miss out on the summer job experience C.education reform should focus on students’ performance in exams D.students should get contact with the working world at high school 18.The underlined word “daunting” in Paragraph 5 most probably means __________. A.discouraging B.interesting C.creative D.unbearable 319.What can be inferred from the text? A.High school leavers with no practical skills can’t find a job at all.B.Unemployment rates for US teenagers remain high at the moment. C.Students with career-based courses never have problems finding a job. D.US companies work with schools to prepare young people for future employment. 【答案】16.C 17.D 18.A 19.B 【解析】本文是一篇说明文。本文主要通过介绍和比较美国、德国的高中对毕业生就业选择 上的引导和建议，说明了高中教育在就业方面对于学生未来职业发展的重要性。 16.主旨大意题。由第一段第二句 In some countries, schools have programs to help students onto the path to work. In the United States, however, such programs are still few and far between.就可 看出美国高中缺乏就业课程，全文主要围绕这一现象及其影响进行阐述，故选 C。 17.细节理解题。根据第四段第一句 Schwartz believed that the best career programs encourage kids to go for higher education while also teaching them valuable practical skills at high school. 可知，Schwart 认为，最好的职业规划鼓励孩子接受高等教育，同时在高中教授他们宝贵的 实用技能。由此可知，Schwartz 认为学生在高中阶段应该接触到一些社会工作，故选 D。 18.词义猜测题。A. discouraging 令人沮丧的；B. interesting 有趣；C. creative 具有创造力的； D. unbearable 无法忍受的。从下文的“In the US，unemployment rates for 16-to 19-year-olds are above 20 percent for the third summer in a row.”可知在美国，16 至 19 岁的失业率连续第三个 夏季超过 20％，20%的失业率是很高的，说明就业市场的情况不乐观；由此可知， “daunting”的意思是令人沮丧的。故选 A。 19.推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“In the US，unemployment rates for 16-to 19-year-olds are above 20 percent for the third summer in a row.”可知在美国，16 至 19 岁的失业率连续第三个 夏季超过 20％，由此可以推断目前青少年的失业率很高，故选 B。 【词汇积累】reform n. 改革，改良 criticize vt. 批评；评论 vulnerable adj. 易受攻击 的，易受伤害的 unemployment n. 失业 【亮点句式】 1.Research shows that if high schools provide career-related courses, students are likely to get higher earnings in later years.（第二段第一句）译文：研究表明，如果高中提供与职业相关的课程，学生很可能在未来几年获得更高的收入。 2.Schwartz believed that the best career programs encourage kids to go for higher education while also teaching them valuable practical skills at high school. （第四段第一句） 译文：施瓦茨认为，最好的职业规划鼓励孩子们接受高等教育，同时在高中阶段教会他们宝 贵的实用技能。