2021 年全国卷高中英语《经济学人》外刊新高考培优讲义[12-07]
作文素材阅读理解语法词汇拓展积累
(含词汇讲解、长难句解析、翻译技巧、背景知识、写作积累:均由阿满编写)
原文[续 12-06]
Whatever the WTO’s problems, it would be a tragedy to undermine it. If
America pursues a mercantilist trade policy in defiance of the global trading system,
other countries are bound to follow. That might not lead to an immediate collapse
of the WTO, but it would gradually erode one of the foundations of the globalised
economy.
无论世贸组织有怎样的问题,破坏它都将酿成一场悲剧。如果美国无视全球贸
易体系,奉行重商主义的贸易政策,其他国家肯定会效仿。这可能不会导致世贸组
织立即崩溃,但会逐渐侵蚀全球化经济的一大根基。
表达积累
.pursue
当我们想要描述“推行”、“实行”或者“贯彻”某一项政策 (to continue
doing an activity or trying to achieve something over a long period of time) 的时
候,就可以使用 pursue,比如表达候选人在“竞选时承诺推行帮助穷人的政策”就
可以是“a campaign promise to pursue policies that will help the poor”。
.in defiance of
同义于“in spite of”或者“contrary to”。
o seemingly in defiance of the laws of physics 似乎违背了物理定律
o went on strike in defiance of union policy. 不顾工会政策举行罢工
o act indefiance of orders 违抗命令的行动
o She wanted him to stay, but he left in defiance of her wishes. 她要
他留下来, 但他并不理会, 还是走了.
.be bound to (be or do something)
该习语表示“必然”或者“一定要” (to be very likely to do or feel a particular
thing)。
o A: "Do you think it will rain today?" B: "It hasn't rained for weeks, so
it's bound to."
o Don't lie to her. She's bound to find out about it.
.erode
“... gradually erode one of the foundations of ...”这里和前文中 undermine 的
用词是前后呼应的。
o erode 本义描述“风”、“雨”、“酸”的侵蚀作用,也可以做比
喻义引申表示“像腐蚀一样的逐渐减少、减弱或者消失”。比如表达“个人
的权利正逐渐受到侵犯”就可以是“The rights of the individual are being
steadily eroded.”。o undermine 本义指“从根基处损害”,也可以做比喻义引申表示
“逐渐削弱”。
语法讲解:长难句分析
Whatever the WTO’s problems, / it would be a tragedy / to undermine it.
•提取主干:It would be a tragedy / to undermine it.
其中,第一个 It 作形式主语,真正的主语是不定式结构 to undermine it;第二
个 it 指代的是 WTO。
•其他成分:
Whatever the WTO’s problems 是让步状语从句,其中省略了系动词,可还原
为 Whatever the WTO’s problems are 或 Whatever the WTO’s problems might
be。
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2021 年全国卷高中英语《经济学人》外刊新高考培优讲义[XX-XX]
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2021 年全国卷高中英语《经济学人》外刊新高考培优讲义[11-11]
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