Unit 5 Wild animals
Task
I. Teaching aims and learning objectives
By the end of the lesson, students will be able to:
1. know the importance of writing an outline before writing;
2. master the steps of writing an outline;
3. know how to write a good introduction and conclusion;
4. know how to write a good paragraph in the main body.
II. Teaching contents
1. New words and phrases: report, move, slowly, daytime
2. New structure: They are good at climbing and swimming.
They seldom hurt people.
Sadly, many hunters catch bears for their fur and paws.
We should take action to stop this.
III. Focus of the lesson and predicted area of difficulty
Master the steps of writing an outline.
Know how to write a good introduction and conclusion.
IV. Teaching procedures
Step 1 Lead-in
Brainstorm
Talk about in what aspects you would like to write about wild animals.
T: Hello, everyone! Today, we will learn to write a report on an animal in danger. I hope that you will know how to write a perfect report and use it to call on people to protect wild animals. First, I want to ask in what aspects you would like to write about wild animals. Let’s have a brainstorm.
You may write about wild animals from the following aspects, such as looks, food, abilities, qualities, danger and so on. In this lesson, we will learn a report on bears. Let’s find out how the writer describes the bears.
【设计意图】利用思维导图，探讨可以从哪几个方面写野生动物，为下一步分析文章结构做铺垫。利用图片直观分析范文从哪几个方面入手写关于熊的这份报告，培养学生的段落大意的意识。
Step 2 Presentation
1. Try to describe the bears
(1) What are the bears like?
T: Please look at the picture. What are the bears like? Obviously, they have a big and heavy body. They have short and strong legs, sharp paws and a short tail.
(2) What do they live on?
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T: What do they live on? Of course, most of them like eating meat and fish. But some of them also eat plants and insects.
(3) What are they good at?
T: Do you know what they are good at? From these pictures, we can see that they are good at running, climbing and swimming.
(4) What qualities do they have?
T: In fact, they are very friendly, you see, the bear is saying “Hello” to us. They like moving around slowly in the daytime and they sleep through the winter.
(5) What problems are the bears facing?
T: People usually like to buy expensive clothes made of animals’ fur. Some people like to eat the bears’ paws and they think it is a very delicious meal.
2. Make a comparison
(1) Summarize the passage about bears
T: Until now, we have a general idea of what a bear is like. Can you use one word to summarize the main idea of each paragraph?
(2) Compare the passages
T: Here, I have a question for you. Is it a perfect report? In the period Reading, we have learned a report on giant pandas. Let’s make a comparison between them.
T: We can see that the report on giant pandas includes three parts. The main body covers weight, food, problems and action. It also has short and impressive introduction and conclusion. But this report on bears seems to only have a main body. I think it also needs the important introduction and conclusion. Also, some paragraphs need rewriting.
【设计意图】利用“阅读”部分关于大熊猫的报告与“任务”部分关于熊的报告的比较。帮助学生分析完整的报告结构是什么。
Step 3 Preparation
1. Make an outline
T: Before rewriting, let’s talk about how to write a good article. It is a common idea that we need to make an outline before we write something on the paper. Why is the outline so important? There are two reasons. First, an outline will help make your article more organized. A careful plan will help your body paragraphs stay focused on the ideas in your thesis statement. Second, an outline saves time for writers. Preparing an outline can take time, but when you are finished, you will be able to write the rough draft of your essay more quickly than if you didn’t have an outline.
T: Here is an example of an outline. Please take a close look at it. An article usually has three parts, introduction, main body and conclusion. Each paragraph of the main body usually has a topic sentence and supporting details that explains the topic sentence.
2. Write an introduction
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T: First, let’s see how an introduction works. The introduction must give a clear idea of what the main body of your article is about. That means what you are going to write and what you are going to solve. There are three requirements for a good introduction. What is article about? Why do we write the article? How do we solve the problem?
T: Since the report on bears is in lack of a good introduction, can you add an introduction to the report according the three requirements? Here is an example.
3. Write a good paragraph
T: Here comes the main body. How can we write a good paragraph? A good paragraph consists of a topic sentence, the supporting details and the important connecting words. We can say that a good paragraph is a good topic sentence plus the connecting words and the strong supporting details.
4. Write a good conclusion
T: The last part, conclusion. How does a conclusion work? From the chart, we can see that a good conclusion should give a short and strong summary of the main body and express your intention of writing this article.
T: There are also three requirements for a good conclusion. A good conclusion should give a short summary of the article, show that the article is important and can call on people to do what you recommended.
【设计意图】分四步为学生讲解作文技巧。首先培养学生在下笔之前需要先写一份提纲的意识，告知学生写提纲的重要性。给出提纲的样例，培养学生正确写提纲的习惯。然后分析文章开头的作用。列出好的文章开头三要素。接着分析段落的基本组成部分及相关写作要求。最后分析文章结尾的作用，列出好的文章结尾三要素。
Step 3 Rewriting.
1. Rewrite
T: After learning how to write a paragraph and a conclusion, let’s have a try. We can rewrite the paragraph about danger into three paragraphs. This paragraph includes three key words― problems, action and results. Also we can use the key word “results” as a conclusion. Here is an example.
T: So far, we have formed a complete report. Let’s have a look.
2. Write a report on elephants in danger
T: It is time for us to write a report on elephants using the skills that we have learnt in this
lesson.
(1) Complete the outline.
T: Before writing, I want you to write an outline first. This will help you organize your report better.
(2) Complete the report one paragraph by one paragraph according to the standards of each one.
3. Assessment
T: After completing your report, you can ask yourself the following questions to assess your report. Did I have a clear introduction, main body and conclusion? Did I use the topic sentence for some important paragraphs? Did I include enough
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supporting details? Did I use the connecting words properly? Did I follow the rules for capitalization, punctuation, spelling and grammar? Did I show interest and excitement?
【设计意图】根据前文所提的段落及结尾写作要求，改写范文最后一个段落，操练写作技能。利用本节课所学写作技巧进行仿写，根据评价要求进行自我或小组评价。
V. Homework
Exchange your reports among your classmates and give your assessment according to the
standards.
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