Unit 6 Food and lifestyle
Grammar
I. Teaching aims and learning objectives
By the end of the lesson, students should be able to:
1. tell the difference between countable and uncountable nouns;
2. form the plural of countable nouns, including regular and irregular forms;
3. use nouns before uncountable nouns to show their amounts.
II. Teaching contents
1. New words and phrases: piece, glass, salt, cup, kilo, bottle, plate, carton, a piece of, a glass of, a packet of, two bags of, three cups of, four kilos of, six bottles of
2. New structures: What do we need to buy?
III. Focus of the lesson and predicted area of difficulty
1. Know how to form the plural of countable nouns;
2. Use nouns before uncountable nouns to show their amounts.
IV. Teaching procedures
Step 1 Lead-in
1. Odd One Out
Play a game called “Odd One Out”. Let Ss choose one picture which is different from the other three. They should tell the reasons.
(1) apple pear lemon bread
Reason 1: Apple, pear and lemon are fruits. Bread is not fruit.
Reason 2: Apple, pear and lemon are countable nouns. A countable noun refers to something we can count. For example, an apple, two pears and ten lemons. But bread is an uncountable noun. An uncountable noun refers to something we cannot count. For example, we cannot say a bread.
Explain Reason 2 slowly to make students understand what a countable noun and an uncountable noun are.
(2) milk juice cola carrot
Reason 1: Milk, juice and cola are drinks. Carrot is a kind of vegetable.
Reason 2: Milk, juice and cola are uncountable nouns. Carrot is a countable noun.
(3) photo potato tomato mango
Reason 1: Potato, tomato and mango are something that we can eat. But we can’t eat photo.
Reason 2: We should add es to potato, tomato and mango to form their plural forms. But we just add s to photo to form its plural form.
(4) man policewoman child toy
Reason 1: Man, policewoman and child refer to people.
Reason 2: The plural forms of man, policewoman and child are irregular. The plural form of toy is regular, just plus s.
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【设计意图：把本单元第一课时中出现的食物名词融合在游戏中，让学生通过已有知识来学习新知识，降低难度。在陈述理由时，依次呈现可数名词、不可数名词的概念，以及可数名词单复数变化的一些规则，为下面的环节做一些铺垫。】
Step 2 Presentation
1. “A” or “an”
T: Do you know when to use “a” and when to use “an”?
TIP If the countable noun begins with a vowel sound, we use “an”. If the countable noun begins with a consonant sound, we use “a”.
2. The plural of countable nouns
T: Do you know how to form the plural of countable nouns?
(1) an orange → two oranges; a cake → two cakes
Rule 1: We add “s” to most nouns.
(2) a story → some stories
Rule 2: If the noun ends in a consonant + y, we should change “y” into “ies”.
(3) a bus → two buses; a brush → three brushes; a match → some matches; a box → four boxes
Rule 3: We should add “es” after the nouns ending in “s”, “sh”, “ch” or “x”.
(4) a photo → two photos; a potato → three potatoes; a tomato → some tomatoes
Rule 4: We should add “s” or “es” after the nouns ending in “o”.
(5) a knife → two knives; a scarf → three scarves
Rule 5: We should change “f”/“fe” into “ves” if the noun ends in “f” or “fe”.
(6) some other nouns
a man → two men; a policewoman → three policewomen;
a child → some children; a sheep → some sheep
3. Have a try!
Fill in the blanks with the correct forms of the given words.
(1) My grandfather likes to tell _______ (story).
(2) Let’s go and buy some ______ (carrot) and ________ (potato).
(3) All the ______ (child) enjoy talking to him.
(4) We must brush our _____ (tooth) twice a day.
(5) Here are two _____ (photo) of my family.
(6) People usually cut ________ (tomato) with _______ (knife).
(7) How many ______ (people) are there in the hall?
(8) In the last two ________ (month), he scored five goals in six ________ (match).
4. A shopping list
T: My birthday is coming. So my mother is going to do some shopping. Here is her shopping list. Look at the screen and tell me if there are any mistakes in it.
T: We can see some uncountable nouns. We can’t count their amounts, but we can use nouns before uncountable nouns to show their amounts.
5. Complete the conversation on page 74
6. Your shopping list
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T: Suppose you will invite some friends to your birthday party. Now you are making a shopping list. Work in pairs and write down the things you need.
V. Homework
Review how to form the plural of countable nouns.
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