Unit 1 Women of achievement
[写得准]
[用得活]
[积得多]
1.worthwhile adj. 值得的；值得做的
2.childhood n. 童年；幼年时代
3.respect vt.& n. 尊敬；尊重；敬意
4.support n．& vt. 支持；拥护
5.emergency n. 突发事件；紧急情况
6.specialist n. 专家；专业工作者
7.entertainment n．款待；娱乐；娱乐表演→entertain vt.& vi.娱乐；招待；款待
8.achievement n．成就；功绩→achieve vt.取得；实现
9.connection n．连接；关系→connect vt.联系→connected adj.有联系的
10.organization n．组织；机构；团体→organize vt.组织
11.behave vt.& vi.举动；表现→behaviour n．行为；举止；习性
12.observe vt.观察；遵守；观测→observation n．观察；观测
13.argue vt.& vi.讨论；辩论；争论→argument n．争论；争辩；争吵
14.crowd n．人群；观众 vt.挤满；使拥挤→crowded adj.拥挤的
用所给词的适当形式填空
1.Computers have replaced televisions as our most popular form of entertainment (entertain)．
2.Do you believe that there’s a(n) connection (connect) between smoking and heart disease？
3.It was considerate (consider) of you not to play the piano while I was asleep.
4.I hold the firm belief that you are bound to achieve your dream of being admitted to a key university, which will give you a wonderful sense of achievement.(achieve)
5.The rich man went abroad with the intention of trying his fortune, while the poor man intended to learn some skills of earning money.(intend)
6.There was a heated argument about whether he was suitable for the position, and most of
1.以hood为后缀的名词面面观
①childhood 童年
②boyhood 少年时代
③adulthood 成年
④brotherhood 手足之情
⑤manhood 男子气概
⑥likelihood 可能性
⑦parenthood 父母身份；亲子关系
⑧neighborhood 邻里；社区；街坊
2.以ency结尾的高频名词小结
①emergency 紧急情况
②efficiency 效率；功率
③tendency 趋向；趋势
④fluency 流利；流畅
⑤frequency 频率
3.以ist为后缀的高频名词全接触
①specialist 专家
②journalist 记者
③socialist 社会主义者
④economist 经济学家
⑤linguist 语言学家
⑥psychologist 心理学家
4.后缀ation高频名词集锦
①inspiration 灵感；鼓舞
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15.refer vi.谈到；查阅；参考→reference n．查阅；参考
16.inspire vt.鼓舞；激发；启示→inspiration n．灵感；鼓舞
17.intend vt.计划；打算→intention n．目的；
意图
18.considerate adj.考虑周到的→consider vt.考虑；体谅→consideration n．考虑；体谅
the people argued for him.(argue)
7.The crowd went directly to the accident scene, and the spot was crowded with people.(crowd)
8.The child behaved so well in class that the teacher praised his good behaviour in front of others.(behave)
②consideration 考虑
③celebration 庆祝；庆典
④congratulation 祝贺
⑤appreciation 欣赏；感激
⑥civilization 文明
⑦expectation 期望
⑧adaptation 适应；改编本
[写得准]
[用得活]
[积得多]
1.move_off 离开；起程；出发
2.lead/live_a_..._life 过着……的生活
3.crowd_in (想法、问题等)涌上心头；涌入脑海；大批涌入
4.look_down_upon/on 蔑视；瞧不起
5.refer_to 查阅；参考；谈到
6.by_chance 碰巧；凑巧
7.come_across (偶然)遇见；碰见
8.carry_on 继续；坚持；进行
9.devote_..._to_... 献身于……；专心于……
10.work_out 解决；锻炼身体；结果是
选用左栏短语填空
1.The road worker she came_across yesterday turned out to be her longlost brother.
2.Some of the students have already learned enough English to carry_on a conversation with a native speaker.
3.The minute the shopping mall opens, the customers came crowding_in.
4.He knows so much about this problem. He must have referred_to a lot of books！
5.You should respect them; after all no one likes being
1.“v.＋off”短语速记
①move off 离开；出发
②show off 炫耀；卖弄
③pay off 还清；取得好结果
④take off 起飞；脱掉
⑤put off 推迟
⑥give off 发出(光、热、气味等)
⑦fall off 从……掉下来
⑧set off 出发；爆炸
2.“查字典”的多种表达
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looked_down_upon/on.
[背原句]
[记句式]
[会仿用]
1.Only after her mother came to help her for the first few months was she allowed to begin her project.
她母亲头几个月来帮她的忙，这才使她得以开始自己的计划。
only在句首修饰作状语的副词或介词短语时，句子要倒装。
只有当我离开父母去意大利之后我才意识到我是多么地爱他们。
Only when I left my parents for Italy did_I_realize how much I loved them.
2.Once I stop, it all comes crowding in and I remember the chimps in laboratories.
我一旦停下来，所有的一切都会涌上心头，我就会想起实验室里的黑猩猩。
once引导条件状语从句，意为“一旦……就……”。
一旦学会了利用失败，那么失败就能为你的生活作出积极的贡献。
Failure can make a positive contribution to your lifeonce_you_learn_to_
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make_us e_of_it.
3.Suddenly it hit me how difficult it was for a woman to get medical training at that time.
我突然想起在那个年代，一个女子去学医是多么难。
“It hits/hit sb.＋从句”表示“某人突然想起……”。
我突然想到我把护照落在厨房的桌子上了。
It_suddenly_hit_me_that I had left my passport on the table in the kitchen.
1．behave vt.& vi.举动；(举止或行为)表现
[高考佳句] I don’t think it a reasonable practice for them to behave that way in our society.(2014·重庆高考写作)
我认为在这个社会里他们用这种方式做事是不合情理的。
(1)behave well/badly to/towards sb. 对待某人好/差
behave oneself 守规矩；表现得体
(2)wellbehaved adj. 表现好的
badlybehaved adj. 表现差的
(3)behaviour n. 举止；行为；习性
mind one’s behaviour 注意某人的举止
①If parents do not teach their child how to behave_himself,_he will do anything at will.
如果父母不教给他们的孩子如何守规矩，他做任何事情会我行我素。
②Finally, she not only earned their respect but also helped them grow to be wellbehaved, confident and considerate.(2015·广东高考满分作文)
最后，她不但赢得了他们的尊敬而且帮助他们变得表现良好、自信和体贴。
③I think all of us should mind our behaviour (behave) in public places.
(2012·福建高考书面表达)
我认为我们大家都应该注意在公共场所的行为举止。
2．observe vt.观察；观测；注意到；遵守；庆祝
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[教材原句] She spent years observing and recording their daily activities.
她花了多年的时间来观察并记录它们的日常活动。
[一词多义] 写出下列句中observe的含义
①Though having lived abroad for years, many Chinese still observe the traditional customs.遵守
②It is a tradition for the people here to observe the Spring Festival.庆祝
③The scientist devoted most of his lifetime to observing the behaviour of the chimps.观察
④The thief was observed to open the window and run away.注意到
(1)observe sb. do sth. 观察某人做某事(全过程)
observe sb. doing sth. 观察某人正在做某事
observe that ... 观察……
(2)observe the traffic rules 遵守交通规则
observe Christmas 过圣诞节
⑤It is everybody’s duty to observe them keep (keep) our society in order and going on the right track.(2015·江苏高考书面表达)
监督他们维持社会秩序并靠右行驶是每一个人的责任。
3．argue vi.& vt.争论；争辩；主张；说服
[教材原句] She has argued that wild animals should be left in the wild and not used for entertainment or advertisements.
她主张应该让野生动物留在野外生活，而不能用于娱乐或广告。
(1)argue for ... 为……而争论；为……而辩护
argue against 争辩(反对……)
argue that ...(should) do sth. 主张……
argue with sb.on/about/over sth. 与某人争辩某事
argue sb.into/out of doing sth. 说服某人做/不做某事
(2)arg ument n. 争论；争辩；论点
①As far as I know, they argue for the right to vote.
据我所知，他们据理力争选举权。
②I argue that every one of us (should)_try (try) our best to help those in need.
(2014·重庆高考写作)
我主张我们人人都应该尽力帮助需要帮助的人。
③We tried many ways to_argue_him_into_following_our_advice,_but in vain.
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我们想尽各种办法劝说他接受我们的建议，但都是徒劳。
[联想发散] 表示“说服……做 ……”的其他表达：
①persuade sb. to do sth. ②persuade sb. into doing sth.
③convince sb. to do sth. ④talk sb. into doing sth.
4．intend vt.计划；打算
[教材原句] I looked carefully at the text and realized that it was intended for women in the countryside.
我细细地看了这篇文章，了解到那是专门为农村妇女写的。
(1)intend doing/to do sth. 打算做某事
intend sb. to do sth. 打算让某人做某事
本来打算做某事
(2)be intended to do sth./for sth. 专门为……；专门给……
(3)with an/the intention of 抱有……的目的；
打算……
①I’m writing to tell you my exciting plan for the summer holiday. I intend to_join/joining (join) a Dragon Boat Training Camp.(2015·北京高考书面表达)
我写信告诉你我暑假令人兴奋的计划，我打算参加龙舟训练营。
②The agreement, intended (intend) to help homeless people, was signed in Paris last week.
这个旨在帮助无家可归者的协议于上周在巴黎签署。
③This program was set up with an intention (intend) of providing help to homeless people.
设立这个项目是为了帮助无家可归者。
5．support n．& vt.支持；拥护
[高考佳句] From dawn to dusk, he works countless hours to support our family.
(2013·天津高考)
从早到晚，为了养活我们一家人，他没日没夜地工作。
(1)support sb./a family 支持某人/赡养家庭
support sb.in (doing) sth. 在(做)某事方面支持某人
support oneself 自力更生
(2)in support of sb./sth. 支持或支援某人/某物
(3)supporter n. 支持者
①He had to do an extra job after work, for he had a big family to_support
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(support)．
他下班后得从事另外的工作，因为他有一大家人要养活。
②We’ll support you heart and soul in your new experiment.
我们将会全心全意地支持您进行新的实验。
③Only a few people spoke in_support_of_his_plan,_which made him very disappointed.
只有少数人支持他的计划，这使他很失望。
Ⅰ.基础点全练
用所给词的适当形式填空
1．The teacher inspires his students to_give (give) their opinions actively even if they are different from his own.
2．Last night Bruce was observed to_leave (leave) the building with two young men and take a taxi away.
3．The little boy’s bad behaviour (behave) at the party made his parents upset.
4．These children are considerate (consider) towards their parents.
5．With our teacher supporting (support) us, we feel quite encouraged.
6．I deeply appreciate your kindness (kind) in coming so far to meet me.
Ⅱ.重难点多练
1．intend面面观
(1)单句语法填空
①The school being built at present is said to be intended for the disabled children.
②The programme intended to_offer/offering (offer) children regular opportunities to develop confidence and independence turned out to be successful.
(2)句型转换
③Peter had intended to take a job in business, but abandoned that plan after the unpleasant experience in Canada in 2010.
→Peter intended to_have_taken a job in business, but abandoned the plan after the unpleasant experience in Canada in 2010.
2．argue点点练
(1)单句语法填空
①After a long time of discussion they accepted the agreement without argument
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(argue)．
②Some experts argue that more strict measures (should)_be_taken (take) to make the road safer.
③The students argued with each other on/about/over the correctness of the answer.
(2)一句多译
说服农民相信科学种田是我们的任务。
④It is our task to_argue_the_peasants_into_believing scientific farming.(argue)
⑤To_persuade_the_peasants_into_believing/to_believe scientific farming is our task.(persuade)
⑥Our task is to_talk_the_peasants_into_believing scientific farming.(talk)
Ⅲ.阅读词汇专练
1．根据语境选出动词deliver的词义
(A)分娩 (B)送货；递送 (C)发表 (D)接生
①(2015·重庆高考满分作文)I can deliver my books to some specific person, which means I can know where my books go and who likes reading the same books as me.__B__
②Ten students will deliver their speeches on the given topic “Man and Nature”．__C__
③It was lucky that she was delivered of a healthy baby.__A__
④The baby was delivered by a famous doctor last Saturday.__D__
2．根据语境选出respect的词性和词义
(A)n.问候 (B)n.尊敬 (C)n.方面 (D)vt.尊敬
①(2014·江西高考书面表达)In addition, you should respect all the teachers who unselfishly help you to gain much knowledge.__D__
②We should show respect for the workers who devote themselves to beautifying our city.__B__
③In this respect, new technologies have shaped our culture.__C__
④Please give my respects to your parents.__A__
1．look down upon/on 蔑视；轻视；瞧不起
[教材原句] Many people look down upon poor people.
许多人瞧不起穷人。
look up to 尊敬；仰视
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look forward to 盼望；期待
look into 调查；观察；窥视
look up 抬头看；查阅
look through 浏览；仔细查看
①Therefore, there is no reason for us to look_down_upon/on ordinary jobs.
(2013·广东高考写作)
因此，我们没有理由轻视普通的工作。
②I often look_up the words I don’t know in the dictionary or on the Internet.
(2011·四川高考单选)
我经常在字典里或网上查阅不认识的单词。
③Meanwhile, I am looking forward to hearing (hear) from you as soon as possible.(2013·重庆高考写作)
同时，我期待着尽快收到您的回信。
2．refer to 提及；谈到；参考；查阅；提交；把……称作……
[高考佳句] When I am faced with a difficulty, I usually choose to refer to relevant learning materials or web pages.(2011·安徽高考书面表达)
当我面对困难时，我常常选择参考相关学习资料或网页。
[一词多义] 写出下列句中refer to的含义
①If you don’t know the exact meaning of the word, you may refer to the dictionary.查阅
②Your notes are excellent materials to refer to when you are studying for a test.参考
③We have reached an agreement that we will not refer to the matter again.提及
(1)refer to ... as ... 把……称作……
refer ... to ... 把……提交给……(以求获得帮助)
(2)reference n. 言及；提及；参考；查阅
④The scientist referred to the discovery as the most exciting new development in this field.
这位科学家把这一发现称作是这个领域中最令人兴奋的新发展。
⑤The textbooks and dictionaries can be used as reference (refer) books while the magazines serve as reading materials.(2015·天津高考书面表达)
课本和字典可以用作参考书而杂志可作为阅读材料。
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3．Suddenly it_hit_me_how difficult it was for a woman to get medical training at that time.
我突然想起在那个年代，一个女子去学医是多么难。
句中使用了“It hit(s) me＋从句”结构，意思是“我突然想到……”，it在句中作形式主语。类似的结构还有：
It occurs/occurred to sb.that ... (某人)突然想到……
It strikes/struck sb.that ... (某人)突然想到……
It happens/happened that ... 碰巧……
It hit me that I had been paying attention to what was going wrong with my life rather than what was right.
→It struck me that I had been paying attention to what was going wrong with my life rather than what was right.
→It occurred to me that I had been paying attention to what was going wrong with my life rather than what was right.
我突然意识到我一直都在关注生活中错误的而不是正确的事情。
4．Once I stop, it all comes crowding in and I remember the chimps in laboratories.
我一旦停下来，所有的一切都会涌上心头，我就会想起实验室里的黑猩猩。
once在本句中引导条件状语从句，意为“一旦……就……”。如果once引导的从句的主语与主句的主语一致，且从句中的谓语动词含有be动词的某种形式时，或从句为“it be ...”形式时，从句中的“主语＋be”或“it be”可以省略。
①Once we have a common interest, a friendship can begin.(2015·安徽高考)
一旦我们有共同的兴趣，友谊便开始形成了。
②You will be successful in the interview once_you_have_confidence.
在面试时你一旦有了自信心，就一定会成功。
③Once broadcast (broadcast), the TV play will be very popular with young people.
一旦开播，这部电视剧就会很受年轻人的欢迎。
Ⅰ.基础点全练
1．单句语法填空
①Once students decide which college to go to, they should research the admission procedures.
②Why not form (form) the habit of exercising to keep fit?
③Poor and lazy, he doesn’t like being_looked (look) down upon by others.
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④If you carry on working like that, you’ll break down sooner or later.
⑤He devoted all his life to studying (study) maths and won great fame for our country.
⑥Happy scenes of the past crowded in on him while he was reading her letter.
2．同义句替换(每空一词)
①She met an old friend of hers yesterday by chance while she was shopping at the department store.
→She came across an old friend of hers yesterday while she was shopping at the department store.
②Please look up the word in the dictionary if you don’t know how to pronounce it.
→Please refer to the dictionary if you don’t know how to pronounce the word.
③The meal over, the managers went back to the meeting room to go on with their discussion.
→The meal over, the managers went back to the meeting room to carry on with their discussion.
3．运用所学短语完成下列语段
The other day I ①came_across (偶然遇到) an old friend of mine when I was going to the library to ②refer_to (查阅) some books. He told me he had read a book ③by_chance (偶然) whose hero ④looked_down_upon/on (瞧不起) women. In fact, many women have made great contributions to our society. As far as I’m concerned, women can hold up half the sky; therefore, we should ⑤show_respect_for (尊敬) them in our daily life.
Ⅱ.重难点多练
It hits/strikes/occurs to sb./happens ...多棱镜
(1)一句多译
在回家的路上，我突然想起我把她的生日给忘了。
①On the way home, it_hit_me_that I had forgotten her birthday.
②On the way home, it_struck_me_that I had forgotten her birthday.
③On the way home, it_occurred_to_me_that I had forgotten her birthday.
(2)补全句子
④碰巧他们俩住在同一家旅馆。
It_happened_that they were both staying at the same hotel.
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Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．On the National Day, the streets were crowded (crowd) with a large number of people.
2．No worker and no engineer knows (know) who it is that is to blame for the explosion of the chemical factory.
3．The children will not be allowed to go to the supermarket if they don’t behave themselves (they)．
4．Do you want to get this book delivered (deliver) to your house or would you prefer to come to the shop for it yourself?
5．He has decided to get a look at the house and see if it might be worthwhile buying/to_buy (buy) it.
6．I had_intended (intend) to take a holiday last year, but I wasn’t able to get away.
7．What inspiring (inspire) news it is that my father will take me to the Wuhan Happy Valley this weekend!
8．I hope airlines can show more respect for passengers and improve service.
9．—Is there any news for the missing boy?
—Yes, he was observed playing (play) computer games at 8 o’clock yesterday.
10．It is no use arguing (argue) with her over the matter. She is quite stubborn and will never change her mind.
Ⅱ.单句改错
1．A crowd of children was passing my house, singing and laughing.was→were
2．How did it come across that humans speak so many different languages？across→about
3．He supported of the government in its plan to build more railway lines.去掉of
4．I intended to catch the early train, but I didn’t get up in time.intended前加had
5．It didn’t occur him that she would refuse his invitation.occur后加to
6．The man was observed enter the bank by the police.enter前加to
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Ⅲ.用本单元所学知识完成下列写作训练
(一)依据提示补全短文
One day, I came_across (偶然碰到) a book in the bookshop which is_intended_for (为……而准备) parents. There are some tips in the book, such as to teach children how to behave_themselves (如何守规矩) and respect_others (尊敬他人). The book also mentions some parents and their children who have_made_great_achievements (取得了很大成就). ①In my opinion, it is worth reading. The author often tells us not to look down_upon/on (瞧不起) ordinary jobs. Once_you_begin_to_do_something (一旦你开始做某事), you must continue with it, otherwise (however/instead/otherwise) you will achieve nothing. ②You will be content with your life only when you are old looking back and saying that you have tried your best.
(二)按要求将词汇句式升级
1．用本单元高级词汇替换加黑单词或短语
(1)mentions→refers_to
(2)continue with→carry_on_with
2．按要求改写句式
(1)用worthwhile改写句①
As far as I’m concerned, it_is_worthwhile_reading/to_read_it.
(2)用倒装句改写句②
Only when you are old looking back and saying that you have tried your best will_you_be_content_with_your_life.
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