Unit 2 Working the land
[写得准]
[用得活]
[积得多]
1.struggle vi.& n． 斗争；拼搏；努力
2.therefore adv. 因此；所以；因而
3.regret vt. 遗憾；惋惜
n. 遗憾；懊悔
4.focus n. 焦点；中心点
vt. 集中；聚焦
5.reduce vt. 减少；减缩
6.comment n. 评论；议论
vi.& vt. 表达意见；作出评论
7.expand vt.& vi. 使变大；伸展
8.confuse vt.使迷惑；使为难→confusing adj.令人迷惑的→confused adj.感到迷惑的→confusion n．迷惑
9.freedom n．自由；自主→free adj.自由的
10.export vt.& vi.输出；出口→import (反义词) vt.& vi.输入；进口
11.discovery n．发现；发觉→discover vt.发现；发觉→discoverer n．发现者
12.disturbing adj.引起烦恼的；令人不安的→disturbed adj.扰乱的→disturb vt.扰乱；打扰
13.hunger n．饥饿；欲望 vt.& vi.(使)饥饿→hungry adj.饥饿的
14.circulate vt.& vi.循环；流传→circulation n．循环
15.equip vt.& vi
用所给词的适当形式填空
1.Women have gained the freedom (free) to decide whether or not to marry.
2.I began to take up the occupation (occupy) as a teacher in my twenties.
3.As a matter of fact, the children all have different personalities (personal)．
4.Disturbing news came that the virus spread quickly, which made us rather disturbed.(disturb)
5.Our school offers good equipment and you will be well equipped with knowledge and skills for your future job.(equip)
6.He was really confused by the confusing problem
1.“评论”名词知多少
①comment 评论；意见；批评
②remark 评论
③review 回顾；复习；评论
④criticism 批评；(尤指对书、电影等的)评论
2.“扩展”动词全接触
①expand 扩展；扩张；膨胀
②enlarge 扩大；放大
③spread 扩展；蔓延；传播
④extend 延伸；扩大
3.以dom为后缀的名词一览
①freedom 自由
②newspaperdom 新闻界
③kingdom 王国
④wisdom 智慧
4.加后缀ment构成的名词面面观
①equip→equipment 装备
②develop→development 发展
③argue→argument 争论
④establish→establishment 建立
⑤employ→employment 雇用
⑥improve→improvement 提高
⑦amuse→amusement 娱乐
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.配备；装备→equipment n．设备(不可数)
16.personality n．性格；个性；人格→personal adj.个人的→personally adv.亲自地；就自己而言
17.occupation n．工作；职业；占领→occupy vt.占领；占据
which also confused other people for a long time.(confuse)
7.Owing to the great hunger,_a great number of hungry children died.(hunger)
8.The discoverer of electricity was Franklin; like many discoveries,_it benefits us greatly.(discover)
⑧assess→assessment 评估
⑨agree→agreement 同意
⑩achieve→achievement 成就
[写得准]
[用得活]
[积得多]
1.thanks_to 幸亏；由于；因为
2.rid_...of 使……摆脱或除去
3.be_satisfied_with 对……感到满意
4.would_rather 宁愿；宁可
5.build_up 逐渐增强；建立；开发
6.lead_to 导致；造成(后果)
7.focus_on 集中(注意力、精力等)于
8.be_rich_in 盛产
9.keep_...free_from/of
使……免受(影响、伤害等)；使……不含(有害物)
10.in_addition 另外
选用左栏短语填空
1.When Lisa stoo d before the audience, she felt very uneasy with all eyes focused_on her.
2.Modern science has given clear evidence that smoking can lead_to many diseases.
3.We cannot really learn anything until we rid ourselves of being too proud.
4.Thanks_to these new treatments, people with high blood pressure can live a long and active life.
5.To be mentally healthy, you need to build_up good relationships with each other.
“be＋adj.＋with”高频短语集锦
①be satisfied with 对……满意
②be content with 对……满意
③be pleased with 对……满意
④be angry with 对……发怒
⑤be familiar with 对……熟悉
⑥be bored with 对……厌烦
⑦be busy with 忙于……
⑧be popular with 受……欢迎
⑨be patient with 对……耐心
⑩be strict with 对……严格要求
[背原句]
[记句式]
[会仿用]
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1.If so, what did you do to grow them？
如果是这样的话，你怎样来种植这些植物？
if so意为“如果是这样的话”，是if引导的条件状语从句的省略形式。
这个周日你有空吗？如果有，我们去野营吧。
Will you be free this Sunday? If_so,_let’s go camping.
2.He would much rather keep time for his hobbies.
他宁愿把时间花在自己的爱好上。
would rather (not) do sth.“宁愿(不)做……”。
他宁愿给学生上课也不愿被邀请参加乏味的会议。
He would rather give lectures to the students than be invited to boring conferences.
3.In 1973, he became the first agricultural pioneer in the world to grow rice that has a high output.
1973年，他成了世界上第一位种植高产水稻的农业先锋。
the first/last/best/right/only/
very ... ＋n.＋to do sth.“第一个/最后一个/最好的一个/合适的/唯一的/恰好的……做某事的人/物”。
1969年7月，尼尔·阿姆斯特朗成为第一个登上月球的人。
Neil Armstrong was the first man to land on_the_moon in July, 1969.
1．struggle vt.& vi.& n．斗争；拼搏；努力；挣扎
[教材原句] ... for whom he has struggled for the past five decades.
……过去50年来，他一直在努力帮助他们。
(1)struggle for 为……而斗争
struggle with/against sb./sth. 与……作斗争
struggle to do sth. 努力做某事
struggle to one’s feet 挣扎着站起来
(2)with a struggle 费 劲地
①Helen Keller became deaf and blind when she was 19 months old, but she never gave up and struggled to_lead (lead) an active life.
海伦·凯勒19个月大时就变得又聋又瞎了，但她从不放弃并努力过积极的生活。
②We have to struggle against/with all kinds of difficulties from home and abroad.
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我们必须和来自国内外的各种各样的困难作斗争。
③Bravely, Mary struggled_to_her_feet,_and fought against the wind and rain beating against her.
玛丽勇敢地挣扎着站起来，同扑向她的暴风雨搏斗着。
2．equip vt.& vi.装备；配备
[教材原句] He therefore gives millions of yuan to equip others for their research in agriculture.
因此，他资助几百万元供其他人进行农业研究。
(1)equip ...with ... 用……装备……
be equipped with 装备着……
equip ...for sth./to do sth. 为了……而装备
be well/poorly equipped 设备精良的/较差的
(2)equipment n．[U] 装备；设备
a piece of equipment 一件设备
①Having_equipped (equip) himself with necessary knowledge and skills, the young man went to the job market with much confidence.
具备了必要的知识和技能后，这个年轻人满怀信心地去了就业市场。
②It is often said that human beings are naturally equipped to_speak (speak)．
人们常说，人天生具有说话的能力。
③As far as I know, he is_equipped (equip) with much experience in teaching.
据我所知，他具有丰富的教学经验。
3．regret v．可惜；后悔；遗憾；惋惜 n．遗憾；抱歉
[高考佳句] If we don’t act now to protect the environment, we’ll live to regret it. (2013·新课标全国卷Ⅰ单选)
如果我们现在不采取行动保护环境的话，我们将抱憾终身。
(1)regret 后悔做了某事
regret to say/tell/inform ...that ...
遗憾地说/告知……
(2)with great regret 非常遗憾
to one’s regret 令某人抱歉/遗憾的是
(3)regrettable adj. 令人遗憾的；令人懊悔的
①After he considered the problem more carefully, he regretted making/having_made (make) such a hasty decision.
仔细地考虑了这个问题后，他后悔做出了这么匆忙的决定。
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②I regret to_tell (tell) you that I can’t travel to Beijing together with you at the appointed time.
我很遗憾地告诉你我不能在约定的时间和你去北京了。
③Much_to_our_regret,_we will not be able to visit you next year.
让我们深感遗憾的是，我们明年不能去拜访你了。
4．focus vt.集中注意力；聚焦n.焦点；关注点
[教材原句] They focus on keeping their soil rich and free of disease.
他们关心的是保持土壤肥沃并免受病害。
(1)focus on 集中于……
focus one’s attention/eyes/energy on ...
集中注意力/目光/精力于……
(2)the focus of ... ……的焦点
①The meeting focused on whether we should build a new teaching building.
这次会议的主要议题是我们是否应该建一栋新的教学楼。
②If we find those materials interesting, we’ll focus our attention on them for long.(2013·四川高考书面表达)
如果我们发现那些材料有趣，我们的注意力就会长时间集中在它们身上。
③It shows a common phenomenon nowadays that children are the_focus_of families, shouldering the hope of their parents.(2013·福建高考书面表达)
这表明当今社会的一个普遍现象：孩子是家庭的中心，承载着父母的希望。
[联想发散] 想一想表示“集中注意力/精力于……”的短语还有哪些？试完成下列短语。
①pay attention to sth.
②put one’s heart into sth.
③fix one’s attention on sth.
④concentrate one’s attention on sth.
Ⅰ.基础点全练
单句语法填空
1．Though the price of the house has been reduced by 10%, we can’t afford it either.
2．I’d appreciate it if you can make helpful comments on my work.
3．He returned from Paris and found his office was under someone else’s occupation (occupy)．
4. (2013·湖南高考书面表达)Only by focusing more on correcting our mistakes can
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we better ourselves in the future.
5．Confused (confuse) by the question, the boy turned to his teacher for further explanation.
6．(湖南高考单选)Dina, having_struggled (struggle) for months to find a job as a waitress, finally took a position at a local advertising agency.
7．I regret to_tell (tell) you that your problems are beyond my power.You’ll have to turn to some other one, I’m afraid.
8．—Robert is indeed a wise man.
—Oh, yes. How I regretted not taking/having_taken (take) his advice.
Ⅱ.重难点多练
equip面面观
(1)用所给词的适当形式填空
①His work experience equipped him to_deal (deal) with all kinds of people.
②Our laboratory is well equipped and most of its equipment is from America.(equip)
③To find a good job, I need to continue my education, equipping (equip) myself with rich knowledge.
(2)一句多译
因为掌握了科学的农耕新方法，现在，他们可以使用更少的农田进行耕种。
④They are_equipped_with new scientific farming methods, so they have been able to use less farmland than in the past.
⑤Equipped_with_new_scientific_farming_methods,_they have been able to use less farmland than in the past.(过去分词作状语)
Ⅲ.阅读词汇专练
根据语境选出hunger的词性和词义
(A)n.饥饿 (B)n.渴望 (C)vi.渴望
1．The child was weak from hunger and almost fell.__A__
2．As is known to us, the whole world hungers for peace.__C__
3．Nothing seems to satisfy his hunger for knowledge.__B__
1．build up 逐渐增强；增强……的体质；建立；创办；开发；聚集；积累
[经典例句] The museum has built up a fine art collection.(朗文P267)
这家博物馆已经积累了一批精美的艺术藏品。
[一词多义] 写出下列句中build up 的含义
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①Bears build up fat stores throughout the summer and fall to have energy enough to last them through their winter sleep.(2013·浙江高考单选)积累
②His confidence built up gradually as he gained more and more experience in teaching.逐渐增强
③We should take part in sports and outdoor activities, which are really helpful to build up our body and enrich our school life.(2014·江西高考书面表达)增强……的体质
④It’s said that she’s built up a very successful business.建立；创办
pick up 捡起；(无意中)学会；接收；搭载
take up 拿起；开始从事
hang up 挂起来；挂断电话
make up 虚构；弥补；组成
show up 出现；露面
bring up 抚养；教养
break up 分裂；打碎
⑤It didn’t take me long to pick_up the basic knowledge of the language.
我没花多长时间就学会了这门语言的基础知识。
2．lead to导致；造成(后果)；通向……
[经典例句] As we all know, all roads lead to Rome.(牛津P992)
众所周知，条条大路通罗马。
lead sb. to do sth. 使某人做某事
lead/live a ...life 过……样的生活
lead the way 引路；带路
①The discovery of new evidence led to the thief’s being_caught (catch)．
新证据的发现使得小偷被抓住。
②In class I will divide the students into small groups and lead them to_practice (practice) speaking English in an interesting way.(天津高考书面表达)
在课堂上我会把学生分成小组，用有趣的方法让他们练习说英语。
③He decided to lead/live_a_new_life after the unusual experience.
这次不平常的经历过后，他决定过一种新的生活。
[名师指津] lead to中的to为介词，后接名词、代词或v.ing 形式。
3．If_so,_what did you do to grow them?
如果是这样的话，你怎样来种植这些植物？
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if so“如果这样的话”，是if引导的条件状语从句的省略形式，表示肯定意义；如果表示否定意义，则用if not。
①Do you agree that I will put our visit to Yunnan off? If_so,_write back to tell me about it as soon as possible.(2014·北京高考满分作文)
你赞同我推迟我们去云南的旅行吗？如果赞同，请尽快写信告诉我。
②I think there’s a train at midday.If_not,_ you’ll have to wait till 12：30.
我想正午会有一班火车。要是没有，你只好等到12点半了。
if ever 如果有过/发生过的话
if any 如果有的话
if possible 如果有可能
if necessary 如果有必要
③If_possible,_try and go to bed and wake up at the same time every day.
如果可能的话，尝试每天都在同一时间睡觉和起床。
4．He would much rather keep time for his hobbies.
他宁愿把时间花在自己的爱好上。
句中would rather (not) do sth. 意为“宁愿(不)做……”。
①Would you rather stay (stay) at home or go out to have a picnic with us?
你愿意待在家里还是和我们一起出去野餐？
(2)would rather＋从句
(3)would rather have done 本来想做……而未实现
②We would rather our daughter stayed (stay) at home with us, but it is her choice, and she is not a child any longer.(2014·陕西高考单选)
我们宁愿女儿和我们一起待在家里，但是这是她的选择，她已不再是小孩了。
③We would rather make (make) delicious dumplings with our own hands than buy (buy) some for them.(2015·新课标全国卷Ⅱ满分作文)
我们宁愿自己亲手包可口的饺子，也不愿给他们买。
Ⅰ.基础点全练
1．单句语法填空
①This kind of discussion will lead to still greater differences between the two parties.
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②A deep breath and a balanced mind will help rid you of the anxiety and nervousness.
③Balanced diet and proper exercise can keep you free from/of disease.
④Therefore, let’s take the responsibility to_build (build) up a lowcarbon city by riding bicycles.
⑤The last man to_leave (leave) was the captain.
2．句型转换(每空一词)
①The new product quickly became popular because of a national advertising campaign.
→Thanks/Owing/Due to a national advertising campaign, the new product quickly became popular.
②Some of you may have finished Unit One. If you have done so, you can go on to Unit Two.
→Some of you may have finished Unit One. If so，you can go on to Unit Two.
③Wash it in water and pick out the small particles, if there are any.
→Wash it in water and pick out the small particles, if any.
3．运用所学短语完成下列语段
In order to ①rid_local_people_of (让当地人摆脱) poverty, he made up his mind to ②build_up (创办) his business. More and more people have good jobs and earn a great deal of money at present. However, they ③are_not_satisfied_with (对……不满意) the life because of the haze. As is known to us, it is our activity that ④leads_to (导致) air pollution. ⑤Thanks_to (多亏了) the government’s effort, the air pollution has been greatly reduced.
Ⅱ.重难点多练
would rather全扫描
(1)用所给词的适当形式填空
①What a pity! We would rather have_followed (follow) our teacher’s advice yesterday.
②I would rather you had_finished (finish) your homework yesterday.
③She would rather you came (come) tomorrow than today.
④—What about going camping again this weekend?
—I’d rather not.I’d rather stay (stay) at home and read my novel.
(2)补全句子
⑤To live a lowcarbon life, some people would rather
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take_the_bus_than_drive_a_car (坐公交车也不愿开车) to work.
⑥I would rather you began_to_do (开始做) the work at once by yourself.
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．My mother doesn’t want to find a job and would rather stay (stay) at home and be a housewife.
2．In the future, we can send robots equipped (equip) with cameras and other tools to do observation for us.
3．She gave us too much information, so that everyone got confused (confuse)．
4．In the last decade, Chicago public schools have_expanded (expand) the teaching of Chinese to serve 12,000 students.
5．Now that the mistake has been made, it’s no use complaining (complain) about it.
6．—Have you regretted giving/having_given (give) up your wellpaid job?
—No. I now have more time to stay with my family.
7．She was so hungry (hunger) for success that she’d do anything to achieve it.
8．The children talked so loudly at dinner table that I had to struggle to_be_heard (hear)．
9．With all his attention focused (focus) on his experiment, he has no time to spend with his family.
10．I can’t comment on the statement before I have got further information.
Ⅱ.单句改错
1．We should take measures to improve that is called the quality of living.that→what
2．I would rather you told him the news that day.told前加had
3．Some farmers have to leave their hometown and go to work in cities, struggle to increase their income.struggle→struggling
4．They equipped with a pair of sharp axes and set off for the forest.They后加were或with前加themselves
5．Having retired from business, he now occupies him with the welfare of the disabled.him→himself
6．He made some comments to the recent development of computer science.to→on
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7．Why couldn’t he ever rid himself out of those thoughts and worries？去掉out
8．It is reported that the terrible accident was thanks to his careless driving.thanks→due
Ⅲ.用本单元所学知识完成下列写作训练
(一)依据提示补全短文
I would like to comment_on/make_comments_on (对……作出评论) the situation of old China. Most people fought against all kinds of natural disasters, such as drought and flood.Much_to_our_regret (令我们非常遗憾的是), we lacked advanced_equipment (先进设备); as_a_result (in addition/as a result), the crop output was_greatly_reduced (大量减少). ①Luckily, the new government has taken great measures to focus on learning advanced technology (关注学习先进技术) from developed countries. ②It contributes to much progress in people’s life. Because of the good policies, people’s living standard has greatly improved. ③Therefore (however/besides/therefore), all of us prefer living in the new society to going back to the old days.
(二)按要求将词汇句式升级
1．用本单元高级词汇替换加黑短语
(1)fought against→struggled_against
(2)Because of→Thanks_to
2．按要求改写句式
(1)用现在分词作状语把①②句合为一句
Luckily, the new government has taken great measures to focus on learning advanced technology from developed countries, contributing_to_much_progress_in_people’s_life.
(2)用would rather ... than ... 改写句③
Therefore, all of us would_rather_live_in_the_new_society_than_go back to the old days.
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