Unit 4 Body language
[写得准]
[用得活]
[积得多]
1.major adj. 主要的
2._cheek n. 面颊
3.approach vt.& vi. 接近；靠近；走近
n. 接近；方法；途径
4.represent vt. 代表；象征
5.function n. 作用；功能；职能
vi. 起作用；运转
6.ease n. 安逸；舒适
vt. 减轻(痛苦、忧虑)
7.facial adj.面部的→face n．脸；面容
8.statement n．陈述；说明→state vt.陈述；说明
9.association n．社团；联系；联想→associate vt.把……联系起来
10.curious adj.好奇的→curiously adv.好奇地→curiosity n．好奇心
11.defend vt.保护；保卫→defence n．防御；保卫
12.misunderstand vt.误解；误会→misunderstanding n．误解；误会
13.speak v．说话；演讲→spoken adj.口语的→unspoken adj.未说出口的；非口语的
14.truly adv.真实地；真诚地；真正地→true adj.真实的→truth n．真理
15.anger n．怒气；怒火→angry
用所给词的适当形式填空
1.One’s facial (face) expression may tell you some of his/her inner feelings.
2.The teacher often asks us to make use of every chance we get to improve our spoken (speak) English.
3.Hearing what her children said, the mother burst into anger (angry)．
4.He stated the other day that the statement was not made by him.(state)
5.If you misunderstand somebody, it’s likely to lead to a misunderstanding.(misunderstand)
6.In time of war, lots of money will be spent on defence and many measures will be taken to defend a country from being attacked.(defend)
7.The curious boy looked at the box curiously and then he opened it out of curiosity.(curious)
1.表示“主要的；首要的”的形容词一览
①major 主要的；重要的
②main 主要的
③primary 主要的；首要的
④principal 主要的；首要的
⑤chief 首要的
2.常见“人体部位及器官”名词荟萃
①cheek 脸颊
②forehead 额头
③chest 胸部
④shoulder 肩膀
⑤throat 喉咙
⑥tongue 舌头
⑦lung 肺
⑧liver 肝脏
3.“方法”种种
(1)做某事的方法
①the approach to doing sth.
②the way to do/of doing sth.
③the means of doing sth.
④the method of doing sth.
(2)用这种方法
①in this way
②by this means
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adj.生气的
16.greet vi.& vt.迎接；问候→greeting n．迎接；问候；招呼
8.To tell you the truth，I’m truly grateful for your helping me make my dream come true.(true)
③with this method
[写得准]
[用得活]
[积得多]
1.defend_..._against 防御；保卫……以免受
2.on_the_contrary 相反地
3.at_ease 舒适；快活；自由自在
4.turn_one’s_back_to 背对；背弃
5.as_well_as_ 和……一样好；而且；也；和
6.be_likely_to 很可能……；
有希望……
7.in_general 总的来说；通常
8.lose_face 丢脸
9.as_if 好像
10.put_up 举起；升起；搭建；留宿
选用左栏短语填空
1.Before the interview, the interviewer wore a bright smile on his face, putting us at_ease.
2.Turning_his_back_to_ one of his friends made him lose all his friends.
3.Thinking about the fact that I was not prepared well enough, and not wanting to lose_face,_I gave up the plan.
4.In_general,_the northerners are keen on dumplings while the southerners are fond of rice.
表示“通常；总之”的短语大全
(1)“通常；一般而言”
①in general 通常；一般而言
②as a rule 通常；一般说来
③generally (speaking) 一般说来
(2)“总之”
①in a word 总之
②all in all 总之
③in conclusion 总之
④in short/brief 总之；简言之
⑤on the whole 总之；总的来说
⑥to sum up 总之
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[背原句]
[记句式]
[会仿用]
1.The first person to arrive was Tony Garcia from Colombia, closely followed by Julia Smith from Britain.
第一个到达的是从哥伦比亚来的托尼·加西亚，随后紧跟着的是英国的朱莉娅·史密斯。
2.Not all cultures greet each other the same way, nor are they comfortable in the same way with touching or distance between people.
各种文化背景下的人互致问候的方式不尽相同，身体接触和相互间距的程度也不尽相同。
3.However, people from places like Spain, Italy or South American countries approach others closely and are more likely to touch them.
但是，来自像西班牙、意大利或南美等国家的人会站在离别人很近的地方，而且很可能(用身体)接触对方。
to arrive为不定式作后置定语。
not与all连用为部分否定。
be likely to do sth.“有可能做某事”。
据我所知，他是第一个通过驾考的人。
As far as I know, he was the first man to_pass_the_driving_test.
并不是所有人都愿意做这样的工作，因为它对于有些人来说太难了。
Not_all_are_willing_to_do_such_work,_for it is quite hard for some of them.
活泼好动的孩子更有可能成长为积极健康的成年人。
Physically active children are_more_likely_to become active and healthy adults.
1．represent vt.代表；象征；表现；描写；描绘；声称
[教材原句] Yesterday, another student and I, representing our university’s student association, went to the Capital International Airport to meet this year’s international students.
昨天，我和另一个同学代表我们大学的学生会，到首都国际机场迎接今年的国际学生。
(1)represent ...as/to be ... 宣称……为……；把……描绘成……
represent sth.to sb. 向某人说明某事；向某人传达某事
represent oneself as/to be ... 自称是……
(2)representative n. 代表
adj. 典型的；有代表性的
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a representative of ……的典型代表
①Representing (represent) our school, I’m glad to tell you something about these activities.(2014·陕西高考书面表达)
我非常高兴代表我们学校告诉你们有关这些活动的一些事情。
②She represents_her_mother_as/to_be the kindest mother in the world.
她把她的妈妈描绘成世界上最好的母亲。
③As a representative (represent) of resettled people, I support the construction of the project.
作为移民代表，我支持该项目的建设。
2. curious adj.好奇的curiously adv.好奇地
[教材原句] After half an hour of waiting for their flight to arrive, I saw several young people enter the waiting area looking around curiously.
等待了半个小时之后，他们的航班到达了，我看到几个年轻人进入了等候区好奇地四处张望。
(1)be curious about 对……感到好奇
be curious to do sth. 渴望做……
(2)curiosity n. 好奇；好奇心
out of curiosity 出于好奇
meet/satisfy one’s curiosity 满足某人的好奇心
with curiosity 好奇地
①Besides, the life of American high school students is a good choice because Chinese students are_curious_about_the_school_life of American students.(2015·新课标全国卷Ⅰ满分作文)
此外，美国高中生的生活是一个不错的选择，因为中国学生对美国学生的学校生活感到好奇。
②They help us understand science subjects better and arouse our curiosity (curious) about scientific discoveries.
它们能帮助我们更好地理解科学话题，并激发我们对科学发现的好奇心。
③Suddenly the girl calmed down and curiously (curious) began looking all around.
小女孩突然静了下来，用好奇的眼光开始观察四周。
3．approach vt.& vi.接近；靠近；走近 n．接近；方法；途径；通道
[教材原句] Tony approached Julia, touched her shoulder and kissed her on the cheek!
托尼走近朱莉娅，摸了摸她的肩，并亲了她的脸！
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(1)approach sb./sth. 靠近/接近某人/某物
(2)(an) approach to 接近；近似；(做某事)的方法/途径
with sth. approaching 在……快到的时候
①Absorbed in painting, John didn’t notice evening approaching (approach)．(2015·天津高考单选)
由于专心绘画，约翰没有注意到夜幕正在降临。
②As Teachers’ Day was_approaching (approach), our class decided to hold a party to celebrate the important day for a change this year.(2012·陕西高考书面表达)
随着教师节的临近，今年我们班决定举行一场晚会来以另一种方式庆祝这个重要的节日。
③I appreciate the professor’s new approach to teaching(teach) languages.
我欣赏这位教授教语言的新方法。
[联想发散] 表示“……来临”的表达有：
①be approaching ②be drawing near
③be around the corner
4．defend vt.保护；保卫；辩护
[经典例句] All our officers are trained to defend themselves against knife attacks.(牛津P523)
我们所有的警察都受过自卫训练，能够对付持刀袭击。
(1)defend ...from/against ... 保护……免受伤害
defend oneself 为自己辩护；自卫
(2)defence n. 防御；保卫
in defence of 为了保卫……
(3)defender n. 防御者
①It is said that the murderer has employed a famous lawyer to_defend_him.
据说那个杀人犯聘请了一位著名的律师为他辩护。
②All the people, men and women, young and old, were fighting against the flood in defence (defend) of their own homes.
所有的人，无论男女老少，都在与洪水作斗争，保卫自己的家园。
Ⅰ.基础点全练
单句语法填空
1．Much to his delight, the top student will represent his school to_make (make) a speech at the meeting.
2．During World War Ⅱ， when London was bombed, many underground stations
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functioned as shelters.
3．It is good to be curious about the world around you because I think curiosity is the best teacher.
4．The moment she saw her mother, she gave her a_big hug.
5．Parents, of course, will do everything they could to defend their children from/against harm.
6．Shandong Province produced 50 million pounds of apples this year, ranking (rank) second in China.
Ⅱ.重难点多练
approach多棱镜
(1)用所给词的适当形式填空
①At the meeting they discussed three different approaches_(approach) to the study of mathematics.
②(上海高考单选)Approaching (approach) the city centre, we saw a stone statue of about 10 meters in height.
③The job market has changed and our approaches to finding (find) work must change as well.
(2)一句多译(每空一词)
随着高考的来临，有些学生感到越来越焦虑。
④With the College Entrance Examination approaching,_some students are getting more and more anxious.
⑤With the College Entrance Examination around the corner,_some students are getting more and more anxious.
⑥With the College Entrance Examination drawing near,_some students are getting more and more anxious.
⑦As the College Entrance Examination is approaching,_some students are getting more and more anxious.
Ⅲ.阅读词汇专练
根据语境选出rank的词性和词义
(A)n.地位 (B)n.军衔 (C)vt.分等级；排名
1．Tsinghua University is ranked number one in China for engineering.__C__
2．She was not used to mixing with people of high social rank.__A__
3．He was soon promoted to the rank of captain.__B__
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1．in general 总的来说；通常
[教材原句] In general, though, studying international customs can certainly help avoid difficulties in today’s world of cultural crossroads!
但总的来说，在当今文化交融的世界，学习不同国家的习俗肯定能够帮助我们避免交往中的困难！
(1)general knowledge 常识
as a general rule 一般而言；通常
(2)generally (speaking) 总体而言；一般而言
①Peter can be really difficult at times even though he’s a nice person in general.
彼得有时可能确实难以相处，尽管总体来讲他是一个很好的人。
②Generally (general) speaking, the number of the people who drive after drinking is smaller and smaller.
总体来说，酒后开车的人的数量越来越少。
③As a general rule, the more expensive the computer is, the better it is.
一般来说，电脑越贵越好。
2．lose face 丢脸；失面子
[教材原句] There are unhappy smiles, such as when someone “loses face” and smiles to hide it.
还有不愉快的微笑，比如说当某人丢脸时，他们用微笑来掩盖。
(1)save one’s face 挽回面子
make a face 做个鬼脸
(2)be faced with 面对
(3)face to face 面对面(作状语)
facetoface 面对面的
in the face of 面对(问题、困难、危险等)
①You’d better make great efforts to achieve it, otherwise you will lose_face.
你最好全力以赴去实现它，否则你会颜面尽失的。
②Rather than admit failure, Frank_made_a_face in order to save_his_face.
弗兰克为了保全面子，没有承认失败，而是做了个鬼脸。
③Faced (face) with difficulties, they never give up but try their best to find a way out.
面对困难时，他们从不放弃而是努力寻找出路。
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3．at ease 舒适；快活；自由自在
[教材原句] The most universal facial expression is, of course, the smile — its function is to show happiness and put people at ease.
微笑当属最普遍使用的面部表情，它的作用是表达快乐和安人心境。
(1)with ease 轻易地；毫不费力地
feel/look at ease 感到/看上去心情放松
put sb. at ease 使某人放松
take one’s ease 休息；轻松一下
(2)ease one’s mind 使某人安心
①He didn’t feel completely at ease in the strange surroundings.
他在陌生的环境中感到不那么自在。
②We live in an age when more information is available with greater ease than ever before. (2012·浙江高考单选)
我们生活在这样一个时代，更多的信息比以往更容易获取。
③The news that her son was safe eased_her_mind.
她儿子安全的消息使她安心了。
4．The first person to_arrive was Tony Garcia from Colombia, closely followed by Julia Smith from Britain.
第一个到达的是从哥伦比亚来的托尼·加西亚，随后紧跟着的是英国的朱莉娅·史密斯。
to arrive是不定式作后置定语。
(1)当中心词是序数词或被序数词、形容词最高级、the next， the only， the last等修饰时，常用不定式作后置定语。
(2)动词不定式作定语用来修饰的词是抽象名词，常见的有：ability， chance， ambition， offer， anxiety， answer， reply， attempt， belief等。
①She was the first athlete to_win (win) the gold medal in the 29th Olympic Games.
她是在第29届奥运会上第一位获得金牌的运动员。
②He is always the first to_bear (bear) hardships and the last to_enjoy (enjoy) comforts.
他是一个总是吃苦在前、享乐在后的人。
③The_ability_to_express an idea is as important as the idea itself.(2011·湖南高考单选)
表达思想的能力和思想本身一样重要。
5．However, people from places like Spain, Italy or South American countries approach others closely and are more likely_to touch them.
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但是，来自像西班牙、意大利或南美等国家的人会站在离别人很近的地方，而且很可能(用身体)接触对方。
Sb./Sth.be likely to do sth.＝ It’s likely that ...“……做某事是可能的”。
①You are likely to_suffer (suffer) from bad health if you keep smoking.
＝It_is_likely_that you will suffer from bad health if you keep smoking.
如果继续吸烟，你的身体健康可能会受到损害。
②Students will help and learn from each other, and a friendship is likely to_be_formed (form)．
同学们将会相互帮助，相互学习，友谊有可能建立起来。
Ⅰ.基础点全练
1．单句语法填空/补全句子
①(陕西高考单选)Studies show that people are more likely to_suffer (suffer) from back problems if they always sit before computer screens for long hours.
②In general, traffic accidents may happen at a crossroads.
③It was quite wrong of him to turn his back to his friends when they were in trouble.
④It’s too late. Can I put up at your home for a night?
⑤They were afraid of risking failure because they didn’t_want_to_lose_face (不想丢脸)．
⑥His mind was at_ease (放松) and he felt confident in the future.
2．一句多译
如果你在一个大家庭中长大，你更有可能培养与他人融洽相处的能力。
①If you grow up in a large family, you are_more_likely_to_develop the ability to get on well with others.
②If you grow up in a large family, it_is_more_likely_that you develop the ability to get on well with others.
3．运用所学短语完成下列语段
Body language is a way of communication. ①In_general (总的来说), people from different cultures have different ways to greet each other. For example, when we nod at somebody we mean we ②agree_with (同意) his or her opinion. But in some countries, ③on_the_contrary (相反地), nodding one’s head means disagreement. As a result, they ④are_likely_to (可能) have misunderstanding when communicating. So when abroad, we should know we ⑤represent_our_country (代表着我们的祖国) and try
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not to ⑥lose_face (丢脸); while at home, we should try to put foreigners ⑦at_ease (放松；自在)．
Ⅱ.重难点多练
不定式作后置定语面面观
(1)用所给词的适当形式填空
①—The last one to_arrive (arrive) pays the meal.
—Agreed!
②There was no signal in that faraway village and all my attempts to_contact (contact) you failed.
③He studied hard and at last he had a chance to_go (go) abroad.
(2)补全句子
④大多数人都知道居里夫人是获得诺贝尔奖的第一位女士，同时也是第一个两次获此殊荣的人。
Most people know that Marie Curie is the_first_woman_to_win the Nobel Prize, and the_first_person_to_win_it_twice.
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．Being_misunderstood (misunderstand) by others when you do nothing wrong at all is quite a bad experience.
2．All the approaches to the airport were blocked by the police.
3．The doctor will give you some medicine to_ease (ease) your pain.
4．My sister is in Shandong University, majoring (major) in English literature.
5．The kitchen is often the busiest room in a household; it’s important to_function (function) properly.
6．If I have any further news, you will be the first person to_know (know)．
7．When you are playing, watch your tone of voice and facial (face) expression.
8．Soon afterwards he made his first public statement (state) about the affair.
9．She is not an outgoing person and she doesn’t let anyone know what she truly (true) felt.
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10．Faced (face) with such a difficult task, he turned to his parents for help.
Ⅱ.单句改错
1．A moment later, the man came out of the washroom and approached to our table.去掉to_
2．We’re trying to raise awareness about the environment in generally and air pollution in particular.generally→general_
3．Nurses do all they can to make patients feel with ease.with→at
4．Wang Yaping has become the second Chinese woman astronaut work in space.work前加to_
5．People gathered round, curiously to know what was happening.curiously→curious
6．He didn’t participate in the oral competition，because he didn’t want to lose a face.去掉a
Ⅲ.用本单元所学知识完成下列写作训练
(一)依据提示补全短文
Some believe that money is the only approach_to (……的途径) being happy, and they are_curious_about (对……好奇) how the billionaires earn so much money. ①And some think that if health is gone, they are_likely_to_lose_everything (可能会失去一切). Some think feeling comfortable is the most important.Still others believe that money is dignity.They think if they don’t have a lot of money, they will lose_face (丢脸). ②They think the first thing that they should consider is to earn enough money.In my opinion, money can’t represent_happiness (代表幸福), while being at ease will take away your ambition.In a word, I think health is of great importance.
(二)按要求将词汇句式升级
1．用本单元高级词汇替换加黑单词或短语
(1)comfortable→at_ease
(2)In a word→In_general
2．按要求改写句式
(1)用it作形式主语改写句①
And some think that if health is gone, it’s_likely_that they will lose everything.
(2)用不定式作后置定语改写句②
They think the first thing to_consider is to earn enough money.
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