1
Unit 3 Under the sea
Ⅰ.单词—在语境中默写，在联想中积累
[写得准] [用得活] [积得多]
1.witness vt. 当场见到；目击
n. 目击者；证人；证据
2.opposite prep. 在……对面
adj. 相对的；相反的
3.pause vi.& n. 暂停；中止
4.drag vt. 拖；拉；扯
5.target n. 目标；靶；受批评
的对象
6.neat adj. 〈口〉好的；整齐
的；匀称的
7.shallow adj. 浅的；肤浅的；
浅显的
8.urge vt.催促；极力主张；驱
策→urgent adj.紧急的；急迫的
9.narrow adj.狭窄的；有限的；
狭隘的→narrowly adv.勉强地；
狭窄地；严密地
10.sharp adj.锐利的；锋利的；
敏捷的→sharpen vt.& vi.削尖；
磨快；尖锐；变锋利
11.abandon vt.放弃；遗弃；抛
弃→abandoned adj.被遗弃的；
放纵的
12.reflect v ． 思 考 ； 反 射
→reflection n．反射；反映
13.aware adj.意识到的；知道的
→awareness n．意识；觉悟
用所给词的适当形式填空
1.The final score of the
basketball match was 93∶94.
We were narrowly (narrow)
beaten.
2.We were all scared (scare)
to death when we found the
ground was shaking.
3.The meeting aimed at
strengthening safety
awareness (aware) of
employees.
4.Keep the children away from
the sharp (sharpen) knives.
They may cut themselves.
5.He described vividly what
he saw in London, giving us a
vivid picture about people’
s life there.(vivid)
6.Though the soup is
tasty,_I’ve lost my sense of
taste and it tastes just like
tasteless water.(tasty)
7.The lake is over 20 meters
in depth. So we were all moved
deeply by the man who dived
deep into the lake to save the
1.narrow 形似词一览
①arrow n． 箭头
②borrow v. 借
③sorrow n. 伤心
④sparrow n. 麻雀
2.聚焦以后缀th 结尾
的名词
①depth 深度
②width 宽度
③length 长度
④truth 真理
⑤growth 成长
⑥youth 青年
⑦warmth 温暖
⑧strength 力量
⑨wealth n. 财富
⑩health n. 健康
3. 含 词 根
“viv/vit(生命)”的
单词
①vivid adj. 生动的
②revive vt. 复活
③revival n. 复活
④survive v. 存活；
幸存
⑤survival n. 存活；
幸存2
14.scare vt.恐吓 vi.受惊吓
→scared adj.恐惧的；害怕的
→scary adj.恐怖的；可怕的
15.accommodation n．住所；住
宿→accommodate vt.提供住宿
16.tasty adj.好吃的；可口的
→taste n ． 味 道 v ． 品 尝
→tasteless adj.无味的；不可
口的
17.depth n．深(度)；深处→deep
adj. & adv.深的(地)→deeply
adv.深深地→deepen v．使加深；
使强烈；变深；变低沉
18.vivid adj.生动的；鲜明的
→vividly adv.清晰地
boy.(depth)
8.Some flowers are reflected
in the river and the
reflection is very
beautiful.(reflect)
9.If you can ’ t find any
accommodations elsewhere,
here is a room which can
accommodate up to five
people.(accommodation)
10.It is urged that we should
finish the job in such urgent
time.(urge)
⑥survivor n. 幸存
者
⑦vital adj. 有活力
的； 重要的
⑧vitamin n. 维生素
Ⅱ.短语—在应用中记牢，在归纳中记多
[写得准] [用得活] [积得多]
1.ahead_of 优
于；在……前面
2.aim_at 瞄准
3.in_the_meantime 在 此 期
间；与此同时
4.help_(...)_out 帮助(某
人)摆脱困境或危难
5.be/become_aware_of
对……知道、明白；意识到……
6.upside_down 上下翻转
7.(be)_scared_to_death 吓
死了
8.hold_up 举起；抬起；支撑；
阻挡；使延误
选用左栏短语填空
1.Not being_aware_of the
importance of protecting the
environment accounts for
their polluting the river.
2.He was obviously in some
kind of trouble, but I didn’
t know how I could help him
out.
3.Computers should work for
humans, but too often the
relationship has been
upside_down.
4.—Why didn ’ t Mr. Smith
1.“v.＋at”动词短语荟
萃①aim at 瞄准
②point at 指向
③come at 袭击
④knock at 敲(门等)
⑤shout at 朝……大喊
2.hold 相关短语集合
①hold up 耽搁；举起
②hold on 坚持；稍等
③hold back 踌躇；阻止
④hold out 维持；坚持
⑤hold off 推迟3
9.be_about_to_do 即将；将
要
10.get_close_to 靠近
arrive on time for the
meeting？
—He must have been held_up
on his way here in the traffic
jam.
5.The conference will begin
in an hour;
in_the_meantime,_let’s have
a chat.
Ⅲ.句式—在解读中学懂，在仿写中学通
[背原句] [记句式] [会仿用]
1.It was a time when the killer
whales, or “killers” as they
were then called, helped the
whalers catch the baleen
whales that were on their
annual migration.
那个时期，虎鲸(当时被称为“杀
手”)帮助捕鲸人在每年须鲸迁
徙时捕捉须鲸。
It was a time
when ...“ 曾 经 一 度
(那时)”，when 引导的
是 定 语 从 句 ， 修 饰
time。
我曾一度迷恋网络游戏，现在真
是后悔。
It_was_a_time_when_I_was_ad
dicted_to_playing computer
games; how I regret now.
2.This was the call that
announced there was about to
be a whale hunt.
这是宣告捕鲸行动马上就要开始
的呼声。
be about to do sth.
意为“正要做某事”。
我正要做一件重要工作这时女
儿过来打断了我。
I was_about_to_do an
important piece of work when
my daughter came to interrupt
me.
3.The water was quite shallow
but where the reef ended,
there was a steep drop to the
sandy ocean floor.
水很浅，但到了珊瑚礁的尽头，
就有一个陡坡，一直下降到满是
where 引导地点状语从
句。
作为年轻人，我们应该学会在我
们跌倒的地方站起来。
As young men, we should learn
to stand up where_we_fall.4
沙子的海底。
第一板块核心单词归纳集释
1．witness vt.当场见到；目击 n.目击者；证人；证据
[教材原句] I thought, at the time, that this was just a story but then I
witnessed it with my own eyes many times.
当时我以为这只是个故事，但是后来我却多次亲眼目睹了这样的事情。
(1)a witness to sth. 某事的证人/证明
bear/give witness to sth. 为……作证；证明
(2)witness for 为……作证
witness to sth./doing sth. 作证证明某事/做某事
①His good health is a_witness_to the success of the treatment.
他的健康身体证明这种疗法是成功的。
②The driver witnessed to having_seen (see) the man enter the building.
司机作证说，他看到此人进入了那栋大楼。
[名师指津] 英语中常使用拟人修辞手法的句子，主语通常是表示时间、地点或心爱之
物，如车、船等的名词，谓语动词常为 witness, see, find 等。
③Our city witnesses (witness) four different seasons, plenty of sunshine and
good rainfall, but in winter you may feel a little cold.(2014·天津高考书面表达)
我们的城市四季分明，阳光和雨量充沛，但在冬天，你可能会觉得有点儿冷。
2．urge vt.催促；极力主张；驱策 n.强烈的欲望；冲动
[经典例句] The report urged that all children (should) be taught to swim.(牛
津 P2223)
这份报告呼吁给所有的儿童教授游泳。
(1)urge sth./sb.on 催促某物/某人前进
urge sb.to do sth. 催促某人做某事
urge that ...(should) do sth. 极力主张；强调……
It is urged that ...(should) do sth. 坚决要求……5
(2)urgent adj. 紧急的；迫切的
①It is strongly urged that the library (should)_be_kept (keep) open during the
vacation.
人们极力主张图书馆假期也开放。
②The people in the earthquakestricken area are in urgent (urge) need of food,
medicine and shelters.
地震灾区的人们急需食品、药品和住的地方。
3. abandon vt.抛弃；放弃；中止；(与 oneself 连用)使放纵；使听任 n.放任；放纵
[教材原句] From James’s face, I could see he was terrified of being abandoned
by us.
从詹姆斯的脸上我能看出他非常恐慌，生怕被我们遗弃。
(1)abandon one’s hope/plan/idea
放弃某人的希望/计划/主意
abandon oneself to ... 沉湎于……；纵情于……
abandon doing sth. 放弃做某事
(2)with abandon 放纵地；放任地
(3)abandoned adj. 无约束的；无度的；放荡的
be abandoned to 沉湎于……
①They abandoned carrying (carry) out the plan for lack of money.
因为缺少资金，他们放弃了执行这项计划。
② Feeling frustrated, I found myself abandoning myself to playing (play)
computer games.(2014·湖北高考满分作文)
感到沮丧，我发现自己沉湎于玩电脑游戏。
4．reflect vt.映射；反射；思考 vi.思考
[教材原句] I’m sitting in the warm night air with a cold drink in my hand and
reflecting on the day — a day of pure magic!
我坐在温暖的夜空下，手里拿着一瓶冷饮，回忆着当天的事情——这是神奇的一天！
(1)reflect sb./sth. in sth. (指镜子等)映出某人/物的影像
reflect on/upon sth. 思考某事；回忆某事
(2)reflection n. 反射；反照；反映；映像
be lost in reflection 陷入深思中
①It reflects_a_trend that nowadays teenagers care more about their phones
instead of friends.(2014·重庆高考满分作文)
这反映了当今青少年更关心手机而不是朋友的趋势。6
②You should set aside some time to reflect on/upon your successes and failures.
你应该留出时间反思你的成功和失败。
③When the sun’s rays hit the earth, a lot of heat is_reflected_ (reflect) back
into space.
太阳光线照射到地球时，大量的热量被反射到太空。
[单词集成训练]
Ⅰ.基础点全练
1．单句语法填空
① At the graduation ceremony, our headmaster required us to raise our
competitive awareness (aware) in modern society.
②He spent six months in prison before fleeing (flee) the country.
③You’d never know they’re sisters — they’re completely opposite to each
other in every way.
④The past ten years has_witnessed (witness) a boom in economy in my hometown,
as a result of which people here are enjoying a far better life than before.
⑤She sat reflecting (reflect) on how much had changed since she had bought the
farm.
2．一句多译
他抽烟成瘾，从而得了肺癌。
①As he abandoned_himself_to_smoking,_he suffered from lung cancer.
②Abandoning_himself_to_smoking,_he suffered from lung cancer.(使用现在分词
短语作状语)
③Abandoned_to_smoking,_he suffered from lung cancer.(使用过去分词短语作状语)
Ⅱ.重难点多练
urge 多棱镜
(1)单句语法填空
①Our teacher urges us to_study (study) hard with the exam drawing near.
②The government urged that every effort (should)_be_made (make) to bring down
house prices.
③The teacher urged the importance of the activity on her students.
(2)高考小作文
④为了提高学习效率，我主张大家应该养成独立思考和及时复习的习惯。(2014·江西
高考书面表达)
In order to improve learning efficiency, I7
urge_that_all_of_us_(should)_form_the_habit_of thinking independently and
reviewing lessons in time.
Ⅲ.阅读词汇专练
根据语境选出形容词 sharp 的词义
(A)急转弯的 (B)急剧的 (C)灵敏的；机智的
(D)锋利的 (E)尖刻的
1．Nowadays, there is a sharp increase in children’s creativity, for they are
greatly encouraged to develop their talents.__B__
2．I dislike the man; he has such a sharp tongue.__E__
3．I cut my foot on a sharp knife.__D__
4．You make a sharp right turn at the crossroads.__A__
5．As far as I know, he has a sharp mind.__C__
第二板块短语句型归纳集释
1．help ( ...) out 帮助(某人)摆脱困境；协助；使(某人)脱离困境
[教材原句] What evidence was there that Old Tom was helping the whalers out?
有什么证据能说明老汤姆帮助捕鲸者摆脱险境？
(1)help sb.with/(to) do sth. 帮助某人某事/做某事
can’t help doing sth. 忍不住做某事
can’t help but do sth. 只得做某事；不得不做某事
help yourself (to sth.) 随便自己动手(夹菜吃、用……等)
(2)with the help of sb.＝with one’s help
在某人的帮助下
①As he is my best friend, when I am in trouble he will certainly help_me_out.
因为他是我最好的朋友，当我遇到麻烦时他肯定会帮我。
②The magician picked several persons at random from the audience and asked them
to help him with the performance.
魔术师随机选取了几名观众来协助他完成表演。
③I can’t help wondering (wonder) what happened to that little girl.
我忍不住想知道那个小女孩出了什么事。
④With so much work to do, he can’t help but ask (ask) his friends for help.
由于有如此多的工作要做，他不得不向朋友求助。
2．be/become aware of 对……知道、明白；意识到……8
[教材原句] The first thing I became aware of was all the vivid colours
surrounding me — purples, reds, oranges, yellows, blues and greens.
我首先注意到的是我周围那些鲜艳的色彩——紫色、红色、橘黄、明黄、蓝色和绿色等。
(1)be aware that ... 知道；体会到……
make sb. aware of/that ... 使某人注意到……；
提醒某人注意……
as far as I’m aware 据我所知
(2)awareness n. 意识；认识
develop an awareness of ... 培养……的意识
raise awareness 提高认识
①As a member of society, I’m_aware_that being responsible is what it takes
to make a better society.(2014·湖北高考短文写作)
作为社会的一员，我意识到有责任感是建设更好社会所需要的。
②In conclusion, people around the world should_be_aware_of the real situation
of water shortage.
总之，全世界的人们应该意识到水资源短缺的真实情况。
③It is important that students develop an awareness (aware) of valuing parents’
love.
重要的是学生们要逐渐懂得珍惜父母的爱。
3．The water was quite shallow but where the reef ended, there_was a steep drop
to the sandy ocean floor.
水很浅，但到了珊瑚礁的尽头，就有一个陡坡，一直下降到满是沙子的海底。
1 where ...， there be ...意为“在……的地方，有……”， where 引导地点状
语从句，有时可用 where 引导的定语从句互换。
2 除 where 外，wherever 也经常引导地点状语从句。
①As the saying goes, where_there_is_a_smoke,_there is a fire.
常言道，无风不起浪。
②The little girl who got lost decided to remain where she was and wait for her
mother.
＝The little girl who got lost decided to remain in the place where she was and
wait for her mother.
那个迷路的小女孩决定待在原地等她母亲。
③As far as I’m concerned, you are free to go wherever_you_like.9
就我个人而言，你愿意去哪里就去哪里。
[短语句型集成训练]
Ⅰ.基础点全练
1．单句语法填空
①We are now enjoying the cool air in the room. In the meantime, the farmers
are harvesting crops in the hot sun.
②Whenever she heard that someone had trouble, she would go to help out.
③Ordinary woman though she is, she tries every means to make people aware of
the importance of the environment protection.
④After I heard the terrifying news, nothing could have stopped me from feeling
scared (scare) to death.
⑤Being_aware (aware) of your own weakness is probably the key to success.
2．运用所学短语完成下列语段
Yesterday, I ①was_about_to_leave ( 正 要 离 开 ) when I
②witnessed_a_terrible_accident (目睹了一起可怕的事故) at the crossing, which
almost ③scared_me_to_death (吓死我). Worse still, the car ④fled_from_the_scene
(逃离了现场). I ⑤got_close_to (靠近) the injured and ⑥became_aware_of (意识到)
the importance of giving first aid. Fortunately, the injured were ⑦helped_out (使
脱离困境) of danger with the help of doctors and nurses.
Ⅱ.重难点多练
where 从句面面观
(1)单句语法填空
①After the war, a new school building was put up where there had once been a
theatre.
②(2014·重庆高考单选)Half an hour later, Lucy still couldn’t get a taxi where
the bus had dropped her.
③Where unemployment and crime are high, it can be assumed that the latter is
due to the former.
(2)一句多译(每空一词)
很多高楼在一年前还是废墟的地方拔地而起。
④A number of high buildings have arisen where there was nothing a year ago but
ruins.
⑤A number of high buildings have arisen in the place where there was nothing
a year ago but ruins.10
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．I was about to do my homework when the lights went out.
2．Abandoned (abandon) to chatting online, Wang Ping has fallen behind the other
students in his studies.
3．We felt at home with her and were impressed with the depth (deep) of her
knowledge.
4．With economy developing at great speed, our city has_witnessed (witness) quite
a few changes in recent years.
5．A lack of awareness (aware) of cultural difference to local customs can cause
problems.
6．—Where do you plan to work?
—I’ve made up my mind to go where I’m most needed.
7．Do you need anyone to help out in the shop? I’m looking for a parttime job.
8．There is no surprise that Linda became a writer. Even when she was a child,
she could retell a story vividly (vivid)．
9．Urged (urge) by his parents, he decided to participate in the Math Olympic
Competition.
10．Being_educated (educate) in a famous university is what most students wish
for.
Ⅱ.单句改错
1．They abandon themselves to drink although they are drivers, which is very
dangerous both to them and the passengers.drink→drinking
2．I often miss my childhood. It was a time that I spent almost each day without
worries.that→when
3．Not having promoted the new digital camera successfully, the company should
reflect its original marketing methods.reflect 后加 on
4．A truck came in an opposite direction of the car, so the car driver made a11
sharply turn.sharply→sharp
5．It was several minutes before I was aware what was happening.aware 后加 of
6．Jane stopped there a small crowd of men had gathered.there→where
Ⅲ.用本单元所学知识完成下列写作训练
(一)依据提示补全短文
As we all know, there are varieties of resources under_the_sea (在海底).
However (meanwhile/however), the past ten years has_witnessed (目睹了) that some
creatures have died out. Therefore, marine pollution
has_been_greatly_concerned_by_the_whole_world (全世界非常关注).
On one hand, we must make people realize the importance of protecting the ocean.
As a matter of fact, to protect the ocean is to_protect_human_beings (保护人类).
①On the other hand, we started a campaign to urge the government to
take_immediate_measures_to_keep_the_balance_of_nature (立刻采取措施保持生态平
衡). In no way should we give up protecting the environment. ②I’m sure that we
can solve the problem only by raising_awareness_of_protecting_the_environment
(提高环保意识) and making great efforts to stop pollution.
(二)按要求将词汇句式升级
1．用本单元高级词汇替换加黑单词或短语
(1)realize→aware_of
(2)give up→abandon
2．按要求改写句式
(1)用复合句改写句①
On the other hand, we started a campaign to urge that the government
(should)_take_immediate_measures_to_keep_the_balance_of_nature.
(2)用倒装句式改写句②
I ’ m sure that
only_by_raising_awareness_of_protecting_the_environment_and_making_great_effort
s_to_stop_pollution_can_we_solve_the_problem.
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