Unit 4 Sharing
[写得准]
[用得活]
[积得多]
1.remote adj. 遥远的；偏僻的
2.otherwise conj. 否则；不然
adv. 用别的方法；其他方面
3.purchase vt.& n. 买；购买
4.fortnight n. 两星期
5.concept n. 观念；概念
6.anniversary n. 周年纪念(日)
7.click vi.&vt. (使)发出咔嗒声
n. 咔嗒声
8.relevant adj. 有关的；切题的
9.privilege n. 特权；特别优待
vt. 给予特权
10.adjust vi.&vt.调整；(使)适合→adjustable adj.可调整的→adjustment n．调整；调节；适应
11.participate vi.参与；参加→participation n．参加；参与→participant n．参与者
用所给词的适当形式填空
1.What he needs is the security (secure) of a happy home.
2.To our surprise, the operation (operate) on her heart lasted three hours.
3.We donate to the school fund every year. The donation is given to those who study best in exams.(donate)
4.The desks and chairs are adjustable and you can adjust them to the height of the students. The adjustment is not difficult to make.(adjust)
5.The volunteer said that he was willing to participate in the voluntary activity.(volunteer)
6.They encouraged the participants to participate in the singing performance after the
1.以ment为后缀的高频名词集锦
①adjustment 调整
②statement 陈述
③achievement 成就
④announcement 宣告
⑤advertisement 广告
⑥entertainment 娱乐
⑦arrangement 安排
⑧development 发展
2.与“经济生活”有关的高频单词小结
①distribute vt. 分发；分配；分布
②export vt.& vi. 出口；输出
③import vt. 进口；输入
④invest vt.& vi. 投资
⑤bid vt. 出价；投标
⑥compete vi. 竞争
3.以“ty”结尾的高频名词荟萃
①security 安全
②necessity 必需品；需要
③similarity 相似(性)
④possibility 可能(性)
⑤prosperity 兴旺；繁荣
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12.operate vi.工作；运转 vt.操作→operation n．手术；运转→operator n．操作人员
13.donate vt.捐赠→donation n．捐赠→donator n．捐赠者
14.voluntary adj.自愿的；志愿的；无偿的→volunteer n．自愿者；志愿者 vi.自愿做……
15.distribute vt.分配；分发→distribution n．分配；分发；分布状态
16.security n．安全；保护；保障→secure vt.使安全
contest and their participation gave the students much delight.(participate)
7.His property was distributed among his sons. But unexpectedly, they had a conflict about the distribution.(distribute)
[写得准]
[用得活]
[积得多]
1.hear_from 接到……的信
2.(be)_dying_to 极想；渴望
3.the_other_day 不久前的一天
4.come_across 偶然遇到
5.be_relevant_to_... 和……有关
6.participate_in 参与……；参加……
7.dry_out (使浸水等之物)完全
变干；干透
8.dry_up (指河流、井等)干涸
9.in_need 在困难中；在危急
选用左栏短语填空
1.With so many students participating_in the competition, it is difficult for you to defend your championship.
2.Global warming is an increasingly huge concern for the world, which has led to many rivers and lakes drying_up these years.
3.Those famous singers are performing and are collecting money for the persons in_need.
1.“v.＋from”短语一览
①hear from 收到……的来信
②date from 追溯到
③result from 由于
④escape from 从……逃脱
⑤benefit from 从……中获益
2.“与……有关”短语全接触
①be relevant to
②be related to
③have something to do with
④be concerned with
⑤be involved in
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中
10.get_through 完成；穿过；接通电话
4.On my way home yesterday, I came_across my former classmate and we had a very good time.
[背原句]
[记句式]
[会仿用]
1.To be honest, I doubt whether I’m making any difference to these boys’ lives at all.
说实在的，我真的不知道我教的课是否会让这些孩子的生活有所改变。
doubt whether ...“怀疑是否……”。doubt用于肯定句时，后面常用whether引导宾语从句或同位语从句。
诚实地说，我怀疑他们两天内能否完成这项艰巨的任务。
To be honest, I doubt whether_they_will_finish_the_hard_task in two days.
2.We walked for two and a half hours to get there — first up a mountain to a ridge from where we had fantastic views and then down a steep path to the valley below.
我们步行了两个半小时才到达那里——先是爬山，爬到山脊能看到奇妙的景色，然后走下一个陡坡，一直走到下边的山谷。
from where we had fantastic views是“介词＋where”引导的定语从句。
那个男孩爬到了那栋建筑物的三楼，从那个地方他可以看得更远。
The boy climbed into the third storey of the building, from_where_he_could_look_farther_into_the_distance.
3.The gift you give is not something your loved one keeps but a voluntary contribution towards the lives of people who really need it.
你送的礼物不是给你所爱的人留念的，而是给那些确实有生活需要的人的一项志愿性捐助。
not ...but ...“不是……而是……”，连接两个并列成分。
衡量成功的水平不是以多少人阅读为标准，而是看多少人通过这一过程丰富了他们的知识。The level of success is not_measured by how many people read a book, but by how many people are enriched by the process.
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1．adjust vi.& vt.调整；(使)适合
[教材原句] The hut was dark inside so it took time for our eyes to adjust.
小屋内很黑，因此眼睛要过好一阵才能适应过来。
(1)adjust sth.to sth. 调整……以适应……
adjust to sth./doing sth. 适应于(做)……
adjust oneself to 使自己适应于……
(2)adjustment n. 调整；调节；适应
make an adjustment to 对……作出调整
①I really hope you can adjust_your_emotion and can be happy every day.(2014·安徽高考书面表达)
我确实希望你能调整情绪并每天开心快乐。
②However, I think that you will quickly adjust_to them although the weather and the food are different from yours.(2014·天津高考书面表达)
然而，虽然天气、食物与你以往有所不同，我相信你会很快适应的。
③Some schools will have to make adjustments (adjust) in agreement with the national soccer reform.(2015·江苏高考单选)
一些学校将不得不作出调整，以便和国家足球改革保持一致。
2．participate vi.参与；参加
[经典例句] More than 400 children participated in a cleanup of the park.(朗文P1489)
400多个孩子参加了公园的清扫活动。
(1)participate with sb.in sth. 与某人分担……；同某人一起参与某事
participate in sth./doing sth. 参加(做)某事
(2)participant n. 参加者；共享者
participation n. 参与；分担；共享
①For example, how Americans celebrate Christmas and Thanksgiving Day, what food they eat, and what activities they_participate_in_during_these_festivals.(2015·新课标全国卷Ⅰ书面表达)
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例如，美国人如何庆祝圣诞节和感恩节，在这些节日期间，他们吃什么、参加什么样的活动。
②You should participate with your friend in his sufferings.
你应当分担朋友的苦恼。
③As far as I know, he has been an active participant (participate) in the discussion.
据我所知，他一直积极参与这个讨论。
3．privilege n．特权；特别优待
[教材原句] It was such a privilege to have spent a day with Tombe’s family.
能与汤比一家度过一天的时间真是莫大的荣幸。
(1)It is a privilege to do sth. 有幸做某事。
have the privilege to do/of doing sth.
＝have the right to do sth. 有做某事的特权
(2)privileged adj. 享有特权的；荣幸的；幸运的
be privileged to do sth. 做某事是荣幸的
①Ladies and gentlemen, I have_the_great_privilege/honor_of introducing our speaker for tonight.
女士们、先生们，我很荣幸地向大家介绍今晚的发言人。
②We consider ourselves privileged (privilege) to have been invited to give a speech here.
我们认为被邀请到这里作演讲深感荣幸。
4．operate vi.工作；运转；给……动手术；起作用 vt.操作；经营
[经典例句] The car parks operate a payasyouleave system.(朗文P1604)
这些停车场按“离开时付费”的收费方式运作。
[一词多义] 写出下列句中operate的含义
①People were trapped between floors because the lift didn’t operate properly.运转
②No matter which machine he operates, he will deal with it carefully.操作
③If the doctor had operated on him earlier, he wouldn’t have died.动手术
④The medicine will operate in ten minutes.起作用
⑤The people operating these factories are deeply concerned about the environment.经营
(1)operate on/upon sb. 给某人动手术
(2)operation n. 运转；手术
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come/go into operation 开始工作/运转；生效
put sth. into operation 实施/施行……
⑥It’s reported that the local government will put the new law into operation (operate) next month.
据报道当地政府将于下个月实施这部新法律。
Ⅰ.基础点全练
1．单句语法填空
①I had a bad cold, otherwise I would_have_visited (visit) more experts who are famous in the financial industry last week.
②The teacher was_distributing (distribute) the sweets among the children when a boy burst out crying.
③—I’d like to apply for the position of assistant manager, sir.
—What experience do you have that is relevant to this position?
④(2014·广东高考写作)Given the chance, I would make donations (donate) to those who still live under the bottom line of the modern living condition.
⑤I am afraid your leg will have to be operated on;_there is no other way to stop the pain.
⑥It is a privilege for me to have been chosen as a representative of our class.
2．高考小作文
今年我要参加7月份举行的高中生英语演讲比赛。
(2011·山东高考写作)
I_am_going_to_participate_in_an_English_speech_contest for senior high school students to be held in July.
Ⅱ.重难点多练
adjust多棱镜
(1)单句语法填空
①This kind of camera can be_adjusted (adjust) to the height you need. Besides, it’s not expensive at all.
②We have made an adjustment (adjust) to our price and give you a special discount of 3 percent.
③When a child is studying abroad, he must learn to adjust to living (live) on his own.
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(2)高考小作文
在高中时迈克的妈妈为他做了几乎所有的事情，这让他难以适应大学第一年的生活。(广东高考写作)
④Mike’s mother did almost everything for him when he was in high school, which_made_it_difficult_for_him_to_adjust_to the firstyear college life.(使用定语从句)
⑤Mike’s mother did almost everything for him when he was in high school, making_it_difficult_for_him_to_adjust_to the firstyear college life.(使用现在分词作结果状语)
Ⅲ.阅读词汇专练
根据语境选出形容词remote的词义
(A)偏僻的；遥远的 (B)远亲的
(C)相差很大的 (D)微小的
1．As far as I know, he has a remote cousin.__B__
2．His theories are kind of remote from reality.__C__
3．There is still a remote chance that they will find her alive.__D__
4．He lives in a remote village, which is 200 miles away from the city.__A__
1．(be) dying to do sth.渴望做某事
[教材原句] I know you’re dying to hear all about my life here, so I’ve included some photos which will help you picture the places I talk about.
我知道你急于了解我在这儿的生活情况，我在信中附有几张照片，能够帮助你想象出我所谈到的地方。
渴望得到某物
想要……；渴望……
①Firstly, as a student who is dying to_learn (learn) knowledge, it is necessary to build an effective method in your study.(2014·江西高考书面表达)
首先，作为一名渴望学习知识的学生，你在学习中有必要形成一种有效的学习方法。
②You said you would help me with my English in your last letter, which is exactly what_I_am_dying_for.(2015·四川高考满分作文)
你在上一封信中说会帮助我学习英语，这正是我所渴望的。
2．in need在困难中；在危急中
[高考佳句] In a word, we should offer our help and love to the persons in
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need.(2011·湖南高考书面表达)
总之，我们应该向处于困难中的人们提供帮助和关爱。
in need of 需要
satisfy/meet one’s needs 满足某人的需要
There is no need for sb.to do sth. 某人没有必要做某事。
①Suffering from war, poverty and illness, many African children are in_need_of food, love and care.
受战争、贫穷和疾病的折磨，许多非洲的孩子需要食物、爱和关心。
②There’s_no_need for you to be concerned about his future.
你没有必要担心他的未来。
3．We walked for two and a half hours to get there — first up a mountain to a ridge from_where we had fantastic views and then down a steep path to the valley below.
我们步行了两个半小时才到达那里——先是爬山，爬到山脊能看到奇妙的景色，然后走下一个陡坡，一直走到下边的山谷。
from where引导的定语从句修饰a ridge，在“介词＋关系词”型定语从句中，关系词常为which和whom，关系副词where和when之前一般不加介词，比较特殊的有from where和since when。
①China is the birthplace of kites, from_where kiteflying spread to Japan, Korea and India.
中国是风筝的故乡，从那里放风筝传到了日本、朝鲜和印度。
②I have bought that house, from_where_I_can_enjoy the beautiful scene of Yangpu Bridge.
我买下了那所房屋，从那里我可以欣赏到杨浦大桥的美丽风光。
③I made the acquaintance of Mr. Stephen, since_when we have kept in touch and shared a lot concerning cloning technology.
我和斯蒂芬先生结识了，从那以后我们一直保持联系并且分享了许多有关克隆技术的知识。
4．The gift you give is not something your loved one keeps but a voluntary contribution towards the lives of people who really need it.
你送的礼物不是给你所爱的人留念的，而是给那些确实有生活需要的人的一项志愿性捐助。
not ...but ...“不是……；而是……”，在句中连接两个表语。not ...but ...连接两个平行成分，当连接两个主语时，谓语动词的数按“就近一致”原则确定。
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①It is not how much we do but how much love we put into what we do that benefits our work most.
(2011·陕西高考单选)
能给我们工作带来最大益处的不是我们做了多少，而是我们对于自己所做的事情付出了多少爱。
②I realize the secret to success is not when or where you were born, but what you are doing and how you do it in your life.(湖南高考书面表达)
我意识到成功的秘诀不是由你什么时间、在哪里出生决定的，而是由你在生活中所做的事情以及你怎样做这些事情所决定。
③It is not the tools a scientist uses
but_how_he_uses_these_tools_that_makes_him_a_scientist.
能使一个人成为科学家的不是这些工具，而是他使用这些工具的方法。
[联想发散] 想一想，符合“就近原则”的结构还有哪些？not_only_...but_also_...;_either_...or_...;_neither_...nor_...等。
Ⅰ.基础点全练
1．单句语法填空
①He missed his mother so much that he was dying (die) to meet her at the airport.
②Being abroad for so many years, I always look forward to hearing from my family.
③After his third novel, Mr. King’s imagination seemed to dry up,_so he decided to travel around the world to broaden his horizons.
④(2013·江苏高考书面表达) Instead of shouting empty slogans, it is more meaningful to donate books and sports goods to children in need.
⑤It is not who you are but what you have done for the society that matters.
2．高考小作文
无论何时你的朋友遇到困难，你应该主动帮助他们。正如谚语所说，“患难见真情。”(2014·山东高考写作)
Whenever your friends meet with trouble, you are supposed to offer to help them. Just as_the_saying_goes,_“A_friend_in_need_is_a_friend_indeed.”
3．运用所学短语完成下列语段
Many children in remote areas ①are_dying_to_get (渴望获得) more knowledge or something ②relevant_to (与……相关) the outside world, so your help to them can make a difference. As a result, a great many people ③participated_in (参加) this activity to help the people ④in_need (在困难中), some donating money, some serving
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as volunteers. It was their kindness that made the children not feel lonely.
Ⅱ.重难点多练
from where/since when 引导的定语从句面面观
(1)单句语法填空
①The little girl was finally found hidden behind the door, from where she could hear what her parents said.
②My brother graduated from Beijing Normal University in 2004, since when he has worked as a teacher.
(2)句型转换(每空一词)
③Alice stood near the window, and from there she could watch her classmates playing football.
→Alice stood near the window, from where she could watch her classmates playing football.
④The book was written in 1946, and since then the education system has witnessed great changes.
→The book was written in 1946, since when the education system has witnessed great changes.
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．They set off for the destination too late; otherwise they wouldn’t have_been_stuck (stick) in the storm.
2．People who approved of the reform urged that education resources (should)_be_distributed (distribute) among the members of society equally.
3．The small river nearly dried up because it hadn’t rained for months.
4．After supper, he usually stood near the window, from where he could see the tower, the tallest building in this city.
5．During the last three decades, the number of people participating (participate) in physical fitness programmes has increased sharply.
6．The deed that she has donated twice to the Hope Project inspires all the people
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in her neighbourhood.
7．In the west of China, the hot sun in summer and cold winds in winter can soon dry out your skin.
8．There is a common sense among teachers about the need for greater security (secure) in schools.
9．The species that fail to adjust to the changing conditions of existence will gradually become extinct.
10．Would you please make arrangements (arrange) for a dinner party of ten persons?
Ⅱ.单句改错
1．They used to donate a large sum of money for the Red Cross every year.for→to
2．I’ll arrange a car to meet you at the airport.arrange后加for
3．Deeds are better than words when people are in need help.need后加of
4．Helen has borrowed my book the other day, saying that she would return it soon.去掉has
5．The girl stands under the tree comes from Canada.stands→standing
6．Yesterday there was a sports meeting in our school with hundreds of students participating.participating后加in
Ⅲ.用本单元所学知识完成下列写作训练
(一)依据提示补全短文
Dear cousin，
I’m glad to have_heard_from_you (已收到你的来信). In the letter, you showed your concern about my sister. Now I tell you something about her. ①My sister went to a remote village and she could take part in the voluntary activity there. Otherwise (therefore/otherwise), she would do some paperwork in a company. Mother was worried about whether she could adjust to living (live) in the mountainous village alone. As far as she is concerned, it is an honour to do voluntary work. She donated_all_she_had_to_help_those_in_need (捐出她所有的东西去帮助那些需要帮助的人)．②The volunteers’ work makes the villagers live a better life. I am_dying_to_visit (渴望拜访) my aunt and chat with you face to face soon.
Your love，
Li Qiang
(二)按要求将词汇句式升级
1．用本单元高级词汇替换加黑短语
(1)take part in→participate_in
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(2)an honour→a_privilege
2．按要求改写句式
(1)用定语从句改写句①
My sister went to a remote village, where_she_could_participate_in the voluntary activity.
(2)用强调句改写句②
It_is_the_volunteers’_work_that makes the villagers live a better life.
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