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Section Ⅲ Learning about Language & Using Language
重点单词
写作词汇
1.escape vi.&vt. 逃脱；逃走；避开
2.beg vi. 请求；乞求
3.relative n. 亲戚；亲属
4.reward n. 报酬；奖金
vt. 酬劳；奖赏
5.sentence vt. 判决；宣判
6.president n. 总统；会长；校长；行长
7.opinion n. 意见；看法；主张
拓展词汇
8.educate vt.教育；训练→educated adj.受过教育的；有教养的→educator n．教师；教育学家→education n．教育；教育学；训练
9.terror n．恐怖；可怕的人；恐怖时期；恐怖活动→terrorism n．恐怖主义；恐怖统治→terrorist n．恐怖分子
10.cruelty n．残忍；残酷→cruel adj.残忍的；残酷的
11.beg vi.请求；乞求→beggar n．乞求者
阅读词汇
12.quote n． 引用语；语录
13.release vt. 释放；发行
14.blanket n. 毛毯；毯子
重点短语
1.lose heart 丧失勇气或信心
2.be in prison 蹲监狱
3.come to power 当权；上台
4.set up 设立；建立
5.be sentenced to 被判处……(徒刑)
6.in one’s opinion 依……之见
7.stop... from doing... 阻止……做……
8.the first time 第一次
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重点句型
1.should have done sth.本应该做某事(实际上未做)
He taught us during the lunch breaks and the evenings when we should have been asleep(我们本应该睡觉的时间).
2.did加强语气
They were not cleverer than me, but they did pass their exams(他们确实通过了考试).
3.the first time第一次，引导时间状语从句
I felt bad the first time(第一次) I talked to a group.
Read the passage and choose the best answer.
1．Elias’ story tells us that ________．
A．Mr Mandela was a great leader and was ready to help others
B．black people in South Africa lived a hard life before
C．Elias was a brave, clever black man and he suffered a lot in prison
D．all the above
2．Why did Mr Mandela allow the prison guards to study too?
A．Because he needed the guards’ help.
B．Because he thought the guards had their rights to study.
C．Because the guards were black people too.
D．Because the guards could pass their exams.
3．Why did Elias study on Robben Island?
A．To kill time.
B．To help Mandela.
C．To fight against the government.
D．To get a degree.
4．How does Elias feel now when he works on Robben Island?
A．Frightened. B．Proud.
C．Excited. D．Upset.
答案：1－4.DBDB
①imagine[I'mædʒIn]v.想象；设想
imagine后可跟名词、代词、v.ing形式或从句作宾语。
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②escape[I'skeIp]vi.& vt.逃脱；逃走；避开
③break[breɪk]n.间歇；休息
④should have done sth.本应该做某事(实际上没做)
⑤blanket['blæŋkIt]n.毛毯；毯子
⑥stop sb.from doing sth.阻止某人做某事(此处用了被动语态)
⑦degree[dɪ'ɡriː]n.学位；程度；度数
⑧did 为助动词，表示强调，意为“确实，的确”。
⑨feel good about oneself 自我感觉不错
⑩in prison表示“坐牢”，prison 前不加冠词。
⑪educated['edʒʊkeItId]adj. 受过教育的；有教养的
⑫find out 查明白；弄清楚
⑬ come to power 当权；上台
⑭beg[beɡ]vi.请求；乞求
⑮relative['relətIv]n.亲戚；亲属
⑯terror['terə]n.恐怖；可怕的人；恐怖时期；恐怖活动
⑰fear[fɪə(r)]n.恐惧
⑱beating['biːtɪŋ]n.狠打；揍
⑲cruelty['kruːəltI]n.残忍；残酷
⑳reward[rI'wɔːd]n.报酬；奖金vt.酬劳；奖赏
6be proud to do...因做……而自豪
【核心素养链接·文化采风】
罗本岛(Robben Island)位于南非西开普省桌湾中，是南大西洋上的一座小岛，面积13平方公里，距南非立法首都开普敦11公里。从17世纪开始，罗本岛成为殖民者关押土著反抗运动首领的地方。 罗本岛先后关押过3 000多名黑人运动领袖和积极分子。1964年6月，曼德拉被当时南非白人政府判处终身监禁，开始在罗本岛服刑，直至1982年才被转移到波尔斯摩尔监狱。
THE REST OF ELIAS’ STORY
You cannot imagine①how the name of Robben Island made us afraid. It was a prison from which no one escaped②. There I spent the hardest time of my life. But when I
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got there Nelson Mandela was also there and he helped me. Mr Mandela began a school for those of us who had little learning．He taught us during the lunch breaks③ and the evenings when we should have been④ asleep. We read books under our blankets⑤and used anything we could find to make candles to see the words. I became a good student. I wanted to study for my degree but I was not allowed to do that. Later，Mr Mandela allowed the prison guards to join us.He said they should not be stopped from⑥ studying for their degrees⑦. They were not cleverer than me, but they did⑧pass their exams. So I knew I could get a degree too.That made me feel good about myself⑨.
◆from which在此引导定语从句，修饰先行词a prison, from与从句的谓语动词escaped搭配。escape from表示“从……逃走”。
◆who在此引导定语从句，修饰先行词those of us。
◆when在此引导定语从句，修饰先行词the lunch breaks and the evenings。
◆we could find是省略了关系词that的定语从句，修饰先行词anything。因为此处先行词anything为不定代词，故关系词应用that。
◆made me feel good about myself为“make＋宾语＋宾补”结构。
When I finished the four years in prison⑩， I went to find a job. Since I was better educated⑪， I got a job working in an office. However, the police found out⑫and told my boss that I had been in prison for blowing up government buildings. So I lost my job. I did not work again for twenty years until Mr Mandela and the ANC came to power⑬in 1994. All that time my wife and children had to beg⑭for food and help from relatives⑮or friends.Luckily Mr Mandela remembered me and gave me a job taking tourists around my old prison on R obben Island. I felt bad the first time I talked to a group. All the terror⑯and fear⑰of that time came back to me. I remembered the beatings⑱and the cruelty⑲of the guards and my friends who had died. I felt I would not be able to do it, but my family encouraged me. They said that the job and the pay from the new South African government were my reward⑳after working all my life for equal rights for the Blacks. So now I am proud to6 show visitors over the prison, for I helped to make our people free in their own land.
◆Since I was better educated为since引导的原因状语从句，since意为“因为，既然，由于”。主句中的working in an office作job的同位语，解释说明job的内容。
◆本句包含not...until...引导的时间状语从句，not...until...意为“直到……才……”。
◆taking tourists around my old prison on Robben Island作job的同位语，解释说明job的内容。
◆此处the first time用作连词，引导时间状语从句，意为“第一次……”。
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◆said后为that引导的宾语从句，其中after working all my life for equal rights for the Blacks为介词短语作时间状语。
伊莱亚斯的故事(续篇)
你无法想象罗本岛这个名字听起来多么令我们恐惧。那是一座任何人都逃不出去的监狱。在那里我度过了我一生中最艰苦的岁月。但是我到那儿时，纳尔逊·曼德拉也在那儿，他帮助了我。曼德拉先生为我们当中那些几乎没有上过学的人开办了学校。他在午休以及晚上我们本来该睡觉的时间教我们。我们躲在毯子下面读书，用可以找到的任何东西制成蜡烛来看清书上的字。我成了一名好学生。我想为我的学位而学习，但不被允许那样做。之后，曼德拉先生让狱卒和我们一起学习。他说他们不该被阻止为学位而学习。他们并不比我聪明，但确实通过了考试。因此我知道我也能拿到学位。那让我感觉不错。
在监狱里服完四年的刑之后，我去找工作。因为我受过比较好的教育，我得到了一份坐办公室的工作。然而警察发现并告诉了我的老板我因炸毁政府大楼而坐过牢。于是我失业了。在曼德拉先生和非国大于1994年掌权之前，我有20年没有再工作。在那段时期，我的妻儿只得从亲戚朋友那儿讨饭吃，并乞求帮助。幸亏曼德拉先生还记得我，并给了我一份工作，让我带旅行团去参观罗本岛上(我待过的)那座旧监狱。第一次给旅行团讲解时，我感觉很糟。我想起了那时所有的恐怖和害怕。我记起了狱卒的殴打和暴行以及我那些死去的朋友。我觉得我做不了这份工作，但是我的家人鼓励我。他们说，从南非新政府得到的这份工作和薪水是我毕生为争取黑人的平等权利而斗争所得到的回报。所以现在我很骄傲地给参观者介绍有关监狱的情况，因为我曾为争取我们的人民在自己的土地上的自由而出过力。
lose heart 丧失勇气或信心
(教材P37)The scientist from whom we heard the good news never lost heart when he was in trouble.
我们从其口中获得好消息的科学家遇到困难时从不灰心。
lose one’s heart to... 爱上……
put one’s heart into... 专心于……
heart and soul 全心全意；完全地
①Please don’t lose heart; you still have chances.
请不要灰心，你还有机会。
②Put your heart into your work and you will succeed in time.
专心于工作，总有一天你会成功的。
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[链接写作]——完成句子
①面对困难，他从不灰心丧气，总是尽力克服困难。
Faced with difficulty, he never loses heart and always tries his best to overcome it.
②我决心全心全意为人民服务。
I’m determined to serve the people heart and soul．
escape vi.& vt.逃脱；逃走；避开
(教材P38)It was a prison from which no one escaped.
那是一座任何人都逃不出去的监狱。
(1)escape from... 从……中逃脱
escape doing sth. 逃避做某事
(2)escape one’s attention/notice 逃过某人的注意
①During the earthquake some miners were trapped in the mine, and they couldn’t escape without rescue.
地震时一些矿工被困在矿井中，没有救援他们不能逃脱。
②His telephone number escaped me.
我忘记了他的电话号码。
[即学即练]——单句语法填空
①Luckily，he was able to escape from the burning building.
②No one can escape punishment/being punished(punish) if he breaks law.
come to power 当权；上台
(教材P38)I did not work again for twenty years until Mr Mandela and the ANC came to power in 1994.
在曼德拉先生和非国大于1994年掌权之前，我有20年没有再工作。
(1)
(2)
①After he came to power, the man devoted most of his time to society work.
这个人当权后把他的大部分时间用于社会工作。
②Every time I get into trouble and turn to him, he will do everything in his power to help me out.
每次我处境困难向他求助时，他都竭尽所能地帮我摆脱困境。
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[链接写作]——一句多译
政府已执政三年。
①The government came to power three years ago.
②The government has been in power for three years.
beg vt.& vi.请求；乞求(begged, begged)
(教材P38)All that time my wife and children had to beg for food and help from relatives or friends.
在那段时期，我的妻儿只得从亲戚朋友那儿讨饭吃，并乞求帮助。
(1)beg for 乞求得到；请求得到
beg (sb.) to do sth. 乞求(某人)做某事
beg one’s pardon 对不起；没有听清，请求别人再重复一次
beg that sb.(should) do 请求……
(2)beggar n. 乞丐
①She ran to the nearest house and begged for help.
她跑到最近的人家请求帮助。
②The children begged that they(should) join in the activity to make our city more beautiful.
孩子们请求加入使我们城市更美的活动。
[即学即练]——单句语法填空
①The little girl begged to be given(give) another chance.
②He begged me to persuade(persuade) his father to give up smoking.
reward n．报酬；奖金 vt.酬劳；奖赏
(教材P38)They said that the job and the pay from the new South African government were my reward after working all my life for equal rights for the Blacks.
他们说，从南非新政府得到的这份工作和薪水是我毕生为争取黑人的平等权利而斗争所得到的回报。
(1)as a reward for 作为(对某事的)报酬/奖赏
in reward for 为酬谢……；作为奖励
(2)reward sb.for sth. 因某事而奖赏某人
reward sb.with sth. 用某物回报某人
①In reward, I lent him a hand when he was in trouble.
作为报答，当他陷入困境时，我帮了他一把。
②She wanted to reward the cleaners with ￡1，000 for their efforts.
她想对清洁工所做出的努力奖赏1 000英镑。
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[即学即练]——单句语法填空
①The students have been working hard on their lessons and their efforts will be rewarded(reward) with success in the end.
②She got nothing in reward for her kindness.
[链接写作]——一句多译
我送给他一本从上海买的书来答谢他的帮助。
③I gave him a book bought from Shanghai in reward for his help.(reward n．)
④As a reward for his help, I gave him a book which was bought from Shanghai.(reward n．)
⑤I rewarded him with a book which I bought from Shanghai for his help.(reward v．)
set up 建立；设立；竖立；搭起(相当于put up)
(经典例句)For all these years I have been working for others.I’m hoping I’ll set up my own business some day.
这些年来我一直为他人工作。我希望有一天可以开创自己的事业。
set down 记下，写下
set about 开始做
set aside 把……放在一边；留出
set off 出发，动身；使爆炸
set out 出发；开始做，着手做
①We set up tents for those whose houses were destroyed or seriously damaged.
我们为房屋被毁或房屋严重受损的那些人搭了帐篷。
②Nowadays，some film stars want to set up their own workshops.
现在，一些电影明星想创办自己的工作室。
[即学即练]——单句语法填空
①At five in the morning he sets out to do(do) his work.
②You had better set down what your teacher said.
③The moment he arrived home, he set about reading(read) the book.
④The moment they arrived there, they began to set up their tents.
sentence vt.判决；宣判
(教材P39)Nelson Mandela was sentenced to five years’ hard labour for encouraging violence against antiblack laws. 纳尔逊·曼德拉因鼓励使用暴力对抗反黑人的法律而被判处五年劳教。
(1)be sentenced to 被判处……(徒刑)
(2)sentence sb.to death 判某人死刑
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sentence sb.to five years’ imprisonment 判某人五年监禁
①The prisoner has been sentenced to death for his bad behavior.
由于他的恶劣行为，囚犯被判处死刑。
②The prisoner was sentenced to pay a fine of $ 5，000.
这名犯人被判处5 000美元的罚款。
[链接写作]——完成句子
记者因虚假消息被判处两年监禁。
The reporter was sentenced to two years in prison for giving false news.
should have done sth.本来应该做某事(实际上没做)
(教材P38)He taught us during the lunch breaks and the evenings when we should have been asleep.
他在午休以及晚上我们本来该睡觉的时间教我们。
(1)should have done sth.意为“本应该做某事而未做某事”，表示站在现在的角度上评说过去的事情。
(2)shouldn’t have done sth.意为“本不应该做某事而做了”。
①In my opinion, she should have come earlier.
在我看来，她应当更早一点儿来。
②He shouldn’t have said that to his brother.
他不该对他弟弟说那些话。
[链接写作]——完成句子
他把本来应该用在学习上的时间花在了玩电脑游戏上，所以他没通过考试。
He spent the time he should have spent in studying in playing computer games, so he didn’t pass the exam.
(教材P38)They were not cleverer than me, but they did pass their exams.
他们并不比我聪明，但确实通过了考试。
(1)句中did起强调作用，强调谓语动词pass，意为“的确；确实”。
(2)do的强调用法常用于一般现在时或一般过去时的肯定陈述句及祈使句中。do表示强调时，时态与句子的时态一致。
①He did give the boy a toy car as a reward for his help.
他确实给了那个男孩一辆玩具汽车作为对他提供的帮助的奖赏。
②She does go to school every day.
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她确实是每天都去上学。
[链接写作]——完成句子
我的确希望你能给我一些如何与我同班同学相处的建议。
I do hope you can give me some tips on how to get along with my classmates.
the first time引导时间状语从句
(教材P38)I felt bad the first time I talked to a group.
第一次给旅行团讲解时，我感觉很糟。
(1)the first time用作连词，意为“第一次”，引导时间状语从句。
(2)类似用法还有“every/each time每次……就……；每当；next time ...下次……”等。
①I thought her kind and honest the first time I saw her.
我第一次见她时就觉得她诚实、善良。
②Next time you come, do remember to bring your son here.
下次你来的时候，一定记着把你的儿子带来。
[链接写作]——完成句子
①每次约翰上学迟到，他都会编个新借口。
Every time John is late for school, he will make up a new excuse.
②这是她第一次在电影中扮演角色。
It is the first time that she has played a part in a film.
品句填词
1．Michael’s parents sat in his dormitory and cried sadly, begging him not to drop out of school.
2．I remember crying for her as I thought about the cruelty(残酷) and coldness that had led to her death.
3．Lots of things, including clothes and blankets,have been sent to the town hit by the earthquake.
4．Tony is a(n) educated child and always polite to others.
5．When she suddenly heard someone crying outside, she turned white in terror．
6．The police offered a(n) reward(奖金) for any information about the robbery.
7．He was released(释放) from prison after serving his sentence.
8．His brother was sentenced(判) to five years in prison for attacking others.
9．When the earthquake happened, the teacher chose to protect her students instead
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of escaping(逃跑) first.
10．When Hitler came to power(权力), Einstein had to leave his motherland.
11．Some students are not willing to share their opinions(看法) with others.
12．One of my relatives(亲戚) works in an insurance company and she has persuaded me to buy fire insurance for my apartment.
选词填空
as a matter of fact; be sentenced to; in trouble; turn to; out of work; lose heart; blow up; come to power
1．James failed to start a business, but he didn’t lose heart and tried a second time.
2．People have lived a peaceful life since the new political party came to power．
3．The thief was sentenced to two years in prison because he stole the things in a shop when he was out of work.
4．When in trouble, they had to beg for food from their relatives or friends.
5．He refused my request without a second thought when I turned to him for help.
6．Mr Green became out of work because his factory was closed down several days ago.
7．The soldiers blew up the bridge just as the train was about to come.
8．Many people think it good to buy a gift.As a matter of fact, your gift will be more meaningful if you make it yourself.
完成句子
1．面对学校暴力问题，我不会以暴制暴，反而会从老师和家长那里寻求帮助。
In the face of violence at school, I will not answer violence with violence．Instead, I will turn to my teachers and parents for help.
2．到那时埃里克才懂得生活没那么容易。
Only then did Eric understand that life was not so easy.
3．亨利大学一毕业就在伦敦成立了自己的公司。
As soon as Henry graduated from university, he set up his own company in London.
4．过去十年我们国家已经在很多领域发生了巨大的变化。
The last ten years have seen great changes in many fields in our country.
5．既然咱家离电影院只有一英里路，我们可以走着去那。
Since our home is only one mile away from the cinema, we can walk there.
6．他本来应该早上九点到达火车站。
He should have arrived at the railway station at 9 in the morning.
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单句语法填空
1．Now many people move into cities in order to have their children receive better education (educate)．
2．There is no way to escape doing(do) the work.
3．She immediately started ringing round her friends and relatives(relative)．
4．People still have different opinions(opinion) on whether students can bring cell phones to school.
5．His father was sentenced(sentence) to five years in prison for stealing.
6．The first time I visited(visit) that land, I decided to settle there.
7．It is the fifth time that the students in Trinity College have visited(visit) our school.
8．Though he has met with many difficulties over the past two years, he is still hopeful(hope)．
9．When a person is in trouble, talking with others often helps him feel better.
10．The baby has reached the stage where he can stand up.
阅读理解
In the state of Maryland, a girl was born into slavery in 1820.Her parents named her Araminta Harriet Ross.She was to become Harriet Tubman.She was one of about one million Africans in slavery in the United States.
From the age of five, Harriet Tubman’s owners made her work very hard.First, she cared for the child of the farm owner.Then, she did hard work on large farms.
Although she could not read or write, Tubman learned from her parents to do what was right.Through her whole life, Tubman put herself in danger to help other people.
One such act changed her life when she was 13 years old.Because she helped another slave, her owner threw a piece of metal at her and it hit her on the head.She was badly hurt.For the rest of her life, Tubman’s head wound caused problems for her.
When she was about 25 years old, Harriet married a free black man named John Tubman.But she was still a slave.Her life was so difficult that she decided to escape.She travelled for 145 kilometres, and finally crossed into the North.Tubman became a free woman.
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But Tubman could not leave her family enslaved in the South.So she travelled back to help them escape as well.Then, she made many trips and guided about 300 slaves to freedom.Tubman also fought bravely in the American Civil War and in 1865 slavery was not allowed in the U．S.
Harriet Tubman died in 1913.Her memory brings hope to many people—especially to those who fight for justice (正义)．She encouraged people to never give up.
“If you want a taste of freedom, keep going.”
【解题导语】 本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要介绍了美国杰出的黑人废奴主义运动家哈莉特·塔布曼。
1．What do we know about Harriet Tubman?
A．She was born a slave.
B．She was born in Africa.
C．She was taken to the U．S. by a slave trader.
D．She was sold to a farm owner when she was born.
A 解析：细节理解题。根据第一段中的a girl was born into slavery可知，Harriet Tubman出生于奴隶家庭，也就意味着她一出生就是奴隶。
2．When she was 13 years old, Tubman ________．
A．planned to run away
B．helped a slave escape
C．fought bravely against her owner
D．was seriously wounded in her head
D 解析：细节理解题。根据第四段中的when she was 13 years old和her owner threw a piece of metal at her and it hit her on the head.She was badly hurt.可知，Tubman在13岁的时候，头部受到重创。
3．We can infer from the text that Tubman was ________．
A．honest and friendly
B．strong and helpful
C．lucky and careful
D．clever and polite
B 解析：推理判断题。根据文中对Tubman事迹的描述可知，作为奴隶的她受到非人的折磨，但她却凭借自己顽强的意志成功摆脱奴隶的身份，并且多次帮助其他奴隶获取自由。由此可知，B项准确概括了Tubman的品质。
4．What would be the best title for the text?
A．Africans’ Fight for Freedom
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B．Harriet Tubman：From Slave to Hero
C．The History of Slavery in the United States
D．The American Civil War：The North Against the South
B 解析：标题归纳题。Harriet Tubman出身奴隶，但她渴望自由，最终逃到美国北方，获取新生。不仅如此，她还帮助无数黑奴奔向自由，成为了一名英雄。故B项作标题贴切。
七选五
Wilma is a woman from Texas, the USA.She can’t give a good reason why she started smoking cigarettes.Her sister Mary smoked, and when Wilma was young, she stole cigarettes from her sister.1.________In her midforties, Wilma decided to stop smoking.
“2.________It was terrible! I realized I had to quit smoking as soon as possible，” she says.In 2017, she got advice from her doctor and used some medicine to help.She also got support from an online organization. She threw out her lighters and started exercising more.
Today, at the age of 49, she enjoys many healthy activities in her life. It’s a lifestyle she never dreamed of as a smoker. 3.________ She also eats healthier foods than she did when she smoked.
“Once you quit, it opens up so many possibilities that you don’t see when you are caught up in the addiction，” Wilma says. “I’ll also admit that as a woman, hoping to look beautiful was part of my reasons to quit, too. 4.________ Of course，smoking just wasn’t going to help me.”
Wilma hopes her story can encourage others to quit smoking.“I want to be an inspiration for others to quit smoking, even if it’s just one person，” she says.“5.________”
A．It’s your health that matters.
B．She practises yoga every day.
C．She felt she had no choice but to quit her job.
D．I want to look as young, healthy, and pretty as I can.
E．I was suffering from some serious health problems.
F．Everyone deserves to work in a smokefree workplace.
G．This developed into an addiction that lasted 30 years.
【解题导语】 本文是一篇记叙文。文章介绍了一位美国妇女戒烟的故事。
1．G 解析：此空设于段中，与上文存在逻辑上的指代关系。This指的是上文中提到的she stole cigarettes from her sister。
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2．E 解析：此空设于段首，引出下文。开头提出她的身体状况出现问题了，很严重，所以她才意识到要尽快戒烟。在此过程中，她得到了医生的建议和一个线上组织的支持，扔掉了打火机，开始更多地锻炼。
3．B 解析：此空设于段中，与前一句存在逻辑上的解释关系。前一句说她过上了她之前从来没有想过的生活，此句和后一句都是对前一句提到的那种生活的具体陈述。
4．D 解析：此空设于段中，是一个过渡句。前一句提到作为一位女性，希望能看起来漂亮是她戒烟的一部分原因，此空接着说她想要尽可能地看起来年轻、健康、漂亮，后一句指出，吸烟是不可能帮助她做到这些的。
5．A 解析：此空设于段尾，对本段进行总结。前面提到她希望她的故事可以鼓励其他人戒烟，最后一句总结，毕竟健康是最重要的。
完形填空
Surfing is a stressful and exciting sport.It seems easy to learn at first sight, __1__ it’s a lot harder to actually learn it and __2__ . Not only does the art of surfing require __3__， but it also requires strength.
From my __4__ , I found that surfing was kind of like __5__ a bike. When I was young, I was such a(n) __6__ kid that my parents wanted to reduce my energy by this sport. After countless failures, which __7__ falling flat on my face many times, and weeks of __8__ , I finally became a bike master.
The first time I __9__ how to surf, a thin British worked as my __10__. The Brit, I called him, brought me out into the sea with my __11__ and taught me how to force myself onto a moving plastic board. Then he told me to __12__ the perfect wave to ride into shore. Facing shore, I could only prepare for what is to __13__ . This moment was the most __14__ part of surfing because it seemed that everything was unknown. Then I felt the wave passing under my feet until it came to __15__ me and my board so delicately(优美地) to shore. The Brit still had to guide me, however.“Are you __16__ ？” he shouted to me when the wave was coming.“ Now up! Up！”
Sometimes, I misplaced my feet, lost the balance and would __17__ straight into the rushing wave. __18__， that moment of standing on the plastic board and enjoying the __19__ sea wind is the best memory. After a few days, the scare and __20__ disappear. I can surf at last.
【解题导语】 本文是一篇记叙文。作者讲述了自己学习冲浪的经历。
1．A.or B．but
C．and D．because
B 解析：根据上文的It seems easy to learn at first sight及后文的it’s a lot harder
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to actually learn it可知，作者是说，乍一看，冲浪很容易学，“但”实际上它很难。前后是转折关系。
2．A.play B．review
C．check D．succeed
D 解析：根据语境可知，这里是说学习冲浪并且“成功”是很难的。
3．A.balance B．advice
C．equipment D．permission
A 解析：根据语境可知，冲浪是一门艺术，它不仅需要“平衡”，而且需要力气。
4．A.experiment B．achievement
C．experience D．guidance
C 解析：根据后文内容可知，作者是根据自己的 “经历”做出的判断。
5．A.pushing B．repairing
C．advertising D．riding
D 解析：根据后文的I finally became a bike master可知，作者觉得冲浪有点像“骑”自行车。
6．A.outgoing B．energetic
C．excellent D．confident
B 解析：根据后文的my parents wanted to reduce my energy可知，作者小时候是个“精力旺盛的”孩子。
7．A.resulted in B．aimed at
C．escaped from D．dealt with
A 解析：根据上文的After countless failures可知，作者学骑自行车时经历了无数次失败，“导致”很多次都摔趴在地上。
8.A.break B．practice
C．examination D．preparation
B 解析：根据后文的I finally became a bike master可知，作者应该是经过好几周的“练习”，终于熟练掌握了骑自行车的技术。
9.A.watched B．taught
C．learned D．remembered
C 解析：根据语境可知，这里是指作者“学习”冲浪的时候。
10.A.guide B．leader
C．assistant D．teacher
D 解析：根据后文的taught me可知，作者学习冲浪时有“老师”教他。
11.A.board B．boat
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C．shoes D．feet
A 解析：根据语境可知，冲浪需要带上“冲浪板”。
12．A.look for B．get to
C．wait for D．depend on
C 解析：根据语境可知，作者的老师让他“等待”浪潮出现。
13．A.come B．stop
C．leave D．disappear
A 解析：根据语境可知，作者只能为即将“到来”的浪潮做好准备。
14．A.familiar B．exciting
C．comfortable D．important
B 解析：根据后文的it seemed that everything was unknown可知，等浪的时候，似乎一切都是未知的，所以这是冲浪过程中最“刺激的”一部分。
15．A.pull B．press
C．attract D．carry
D 解析：根据上文的I felt the wave passing under my feet可知，作者感觉到浪潮从他脚下穿过，“承载着”他和他的冲浪板冲向海岸。
16．A.happy B．ready
C．afraid D．calm
B 解析：根据后文的“Now up！Up！”可知，作者的老师是在问作者“准备”好了吗，要上升了。
17．A.walk B．climb
C．fall D．swim
C 解析：根据上文的I misplaced my feet, lost the balance可知，有时作者脚放错了位置，失去平衡，就会“跌进”海浪中。
18．A.Therefore B．Instead
C．Anyhow D．Otherwise
C 解析：根据后文的that moment of standing on the plastic board...is the best memory可知，“不管怎样”，站在冲浪板上那一瞬间是最美好的记忆。
19．A.fresh B．salty
C．freezing D．strange
A 解析：根据the best memory可知，作者是说享受着“清爽的”海风。
20. A．pain B．joy
C．interest D．worry
D 解析：根据scare及后文的I can surf at last.可知，作者几天之后终于学会了冲浪，
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害怕与“忧虑”一扫而光。
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