2014高考英语阅读理解巩固精品题练习(7)及答案.doc

‎2014高考英语阅读理解巩固精品题练习（7）及答案 阅读理解 There has been an outpouring of love for a 23yearold disabled woman whose dog was killed in front of her while a groomer(美容师)tried to trim(修剪)its claws.‎ Calls and emails came from as far away as the Upper Peninsula and Arizona as well as Oakland and Macomb counties，offering Laurie Crouch，who uses a wheelchair because of multiple sclerosis(硬化症)，everything from dogs to money，such as that from Jason Daly of Roseville who said，“I would like to buy her a new dog.”‎ A story about the death of Crouch's pet，Gooch，was printed on the front page of Macomb Daily.Crouch said a groomer tied Gooch up with a collar，and then she and a man sat on the dog to trim its nails.Gooch died after one claw was trimmed.‎ Crouch yelled at the groomer to stop when she saw Gooch was struggling to breathe，but she said she was ignored.“If I could have walked，I would have put my hands on her and pulled her off my dog and physically stopped her，but I can't do that.” Gooch was not a trained service animal，but naturally helped Crouch by picking up things for her.‎ ‎“This case is absolute animal abuse(虐待)，” Larry Obrecht，division manager of the Oakland County Animal Shelter in Auburn Hills，said.‎ People who read the story contacted Oakland Press to offer help.A message，from Rebecca Amett of Giggles N Wiggles PuppyRescue，in Roseville，said，“We have puppies to donate and want to help the young woman who lost her service dog.”‎ ‎“When Gooch was with me，I was happy，” Crouch said.“I think I can be happy again but no animal can replace Gooch.There's never going to be another Gooch out there but I think I will find a dog that can bring me joy again.”‎ ‎1．What does the passage mainly tell us?‎ A．A disabled woman's service dog.‎ B．A cruel groomer killed a disabled woman's dog.‎ C．People's love for a disabled woman who lost her dog.‎ D．A disabled woman loves to have the dog as company.‎ ‎2．People called and emailed to ______.‎ A．give their angry voice to the groomer B．offer help and care to Laurie Crouch C．tell Crouch how to punish the groomer D．offer a cure for Crouch's disease ‎3．Gooch died mainly because ______.‎ A．the groomer was careless B．the groomer didn't know how to trim the dog's nails C．the groomer sat on the dog with another man D．the dog was wearing a collar ‎4．What do we know about Crouch's dog?‎ A．It was a specially trained service dog.‎ B．It was trained to do many things for people.‎ C．It was Crouch's only friend.‎ D．It could offer some help to Crouch.‎ ‎5．We can infer from the passage that ______.‎ A．Crouch must be sad after losing her dog ‎ B．Crouch refused to take another dog C．Crouch has accepted another dog from a stranger D．Crouch can live well without a dog's company ‎4‎ ‎1．C　主旨大意题。综合文章内容可知，文章主要叙述了人们对这位失去爱狗的残疾女士的关爱。‎ ‎2．B　细节理解题。根据第二段“...everything from dogs to money，such as that from Jason Daly of Roseville who said，‘I would like to buy her a new dog.’”和倒数第二段可知B项正确。‎ ‎3．C　细节理解题。根据文章第三段可知，宠物美容师和另外一个人坐在狗身上最终导致狗窒息而死。‎ ‎4．D　细节理解题。根据文章第四段可知，Gooch没有经过特殊训练，但能够为Crouch捡东西，给她提供一些帮助。‎ ‎5．A　推理判断题。从文章最后一段可知，Crouch认为没有狗会替代她原来的狗，因此推断狗死了以后，她很伤心。‎ ‎ (2012·湖南南雅中学模拟，C篇)‎ When top engineers in Germany wanted to build a more energyefficient car，they headed to the natural history museum to study dolphins and sharks.But it was the boxfish (盒子鱼)that interested them.‎ ‎“We were surprised when this clumsylooking fish became our model for designing an aerodynamic (空气动力学的)car”，says Thomas Weber.He is the research and development chief for the car company Daimler.An aerodynamic design reduces wind drag and increases fuel ‎ efficiency.‎ The boxfish may look clumsy，but it can start，stop，back up and zigzag (曲折前进)through the water with ease.And it does all this using surprisingly little energy.Daimler's bionic (仿生学的)car is modeled on the fish's boxy skeletal(骨骼的)system.Like the fish，the car is fast and drives easily.It's efficient too.‎ The science behind natureinspired inventions is called biomimicry (生物仿生)．Biologist Janine Benyus came up with the term.As cofounder of the Biomimicry Guild，she has worked with cereal companies，sneaker designers and others to develop products based on Nature's best ideas.‎ This month，the Nature's 100 Best List will be revealed at the World Conservation Congress (代表大会)in Barcelona，Spain.Benyus coauthored the list of natureinspired designs with economist Gunter Pauli.‎ In Zimbabwe，a country in southern Africa，engineers designed energyefficient buildings modeled on termite (白蚁)mounds (土堆)．The buildings use vents (孔) to keep the air flowing and the temperature cool.‎ A company in Atlanta，US，developed a selfcleaning paint modeled on the lotus (荷花)leaf.When the paint dries，it becomes bumpy (不平的)，just like the lotus leaf.Rain drops form on the bumps and roll off，carrying dirt along with them.‎ Nature has done billions of years of research.Only the bestdesigned products have survived.Companies owe Mother Nature a debt for all that hard work，says Benyus.‎ For scientists and inventors，the possibilities for copying nature are limitless.Technology may never be as efficient as nature，or as colorful.But that doesn't mean we should stop trying to learn from the world around us.Take a walk outside.Watch a squirrel climb up a tree.Look closely at the veins(纹理)of a leaf.Hear the birds chirping in the trees.Such small details may help solve big problems in the future.‎ ‎1．Which is TRUE according to the passage?‎ A．In America a selfcleaning paint was modeled on the lotus flower.‎ B．Zimbabwe engineers learned from termites to create highly advanced heating systems.‎ C．After the boxfish，many other ideas of new products are borrowed from nature.‎ D．Nature is a good source to turn to for improving technology.‎ ‎2．The clumsylooking boxfish interested the scientists because of the following reasons EXCEPT that ______.‎ A．it swims using little energy ‎ B．being boxy，it looks quite like a car C．some engineers had researched on how to swim easily in the water D．it is a speedy swimmer ‎3．Why did top engineers in Germany go to the natural history museum?‎ A．They wanted to pay a visit to the animals there because they were so lovely.‎ B．They wanted to carry out a research of boxfish and dolphins.‎ C．They wanted to search for a model to base on for building a moreefficient car.‎ D．They wanted to study the science of survival.‎ ‎4．We can infer from the passage EXCEPT ______.‎ A．it is believed that the creation of the airplane might have originated from the bird flying in the sky B．the atmosphere on the earth cannot be transferred into the original idea C．dolphins and sharks may become the source of scientists' inventions or creations D．if you observe and explore nature，you may make great discoveries or become great inventors ‎5．What's the main idea of the passage?‎ A．How Daimler's bionic car came into being.‎ B．Nature has inspired a lot of inventions and will continue to.‎ C．Scientists and inventors' contribution to modern industry comes from nature.‎ D．The Nature's 100 best list.‎ ‎5‎ ‎1．D　推理判断题。文章通过举例表明：大自然是我们提高技术的根源。‎ ‎2．C　细节理解题。根据第三段内容可知C项没有提到。‎ ‎3．C　细节理解题。根据第一段中“When top engineers in Germany wanted to build a more energyefficient car，they headed to the natural history museum to study dolphins and sharks.”可知C项正确。‎ ‎4．B　细节理解题。根据文章内容可知，B项没有被涉及。‎ ‎5．B　推理判断题。根据最后一段“For scientists and inventors，the possibilities for copying nature are limitless.Technology may never be as efficient as nature，or as colorful.But that doesn't mean we should stop trying to learn from the world around us.”可知B项正确。‎ C7 [2013·陕西卷] C According to sociologists(社会学家), every modern industrial society has some form of social stratification(阶层)．Class, power and status are important in deciding people's rank in society.‎ Class means a person's economic position in society.A commonly used classification is lower ‎ class, middle class and upper class.While sociologists disagree on how these terms should be exactly defined, they do describe societies like the United States quite well.One study shows that 53% of Americans belong to the lower class, 46% the middle class, and 1% the upper class.Interestingly, a surgeon earning $ 500，000 a year and a bus driver earning $ 50，000 a year both regard themselves as the middle class!‎ Power refers to the amount of control a person has over other people.Obviously, people in positions of great power(such as governors) exercise(行使) big power, but people who take orders from others have less power.Power and class do not always go hand in hand, however.For example, the governor of a state has great power, but he or she may not belong to a corresponding(相应的) economic class.Generally, however, there is a relationship between power and class. To our knowledge, there aren't too many people who aren't millionaires in the U．S.Senate!‎ Status is the honor or respect attached to a person's position in society.It can also be affected by power and class, but not necessarily so.For example, a university professor may have a high status but not belong to a high social class or have a lot of power over others.‎ ‎54．What can we learn about “the middle class” from Paragraph 2?‎ A．People earning $50，000 a year belong to the middle class.‎ B．Nearly half Americans belong to the middle class.‎ C．People generally consider bus drivers as the middle class.‎ D．Sociologists have a clear definition of the middle class.‎ ‎55．According to the text, we know that ________．‎ A．power and class do not always correspond with each other B．status refers to a person's economic position in society C．people with high status have a lot of control over others D．class is less important in deciding a person's social rank ‎56．Which of the following shows the structure of the whole text?‎ ‎　A．　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　B.‎ ‎　C．　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　D.‎ ‎【要点综述】 本文说明了一个社会现象：每个现代工业社会都有其社会阶层。阶级﹑权力和社会地位是判断一个人的社会阶层的重要标准。‎ ‎54．B　推理判断题。由第二段倒数第二句中的“…46% the middle class”一句可知在美国，有差不多一半的人属于中产阶级，选B。‎ ‎55．A　细节理解题。由第三段中的“Power and class do not always go hand in hand, however.”可知，权力和阶级并不总是保持一致。选A。‎ ‎56．A　篇章结构题。本文第一段是主题段，“Class, power and status are important in deciding people's rank in society.”是本文的主题句，后三段分别从这三个方面来论述，故本篇文章是总分的结构。选A。‎ C7 [2013·四川卷] D Home to me means a sense of familiarity and nostalgia(怀旧)．It's fun to come home. It looks the same. It smells the same. You'll realize what's changed is you. Home is where we can remember pain，love，and some other experiences：We parted here; My parents met here; I won three championships here.‎ If I close my eyes, I can still have a clear picture in mind of my first home. I walk in the door and see a brown sofa surrounding a low glass－top wooden table. To the right of the living room is my first bedroom. It's empty，but it's where my earliest memories are.‎ There is the dining room table where I celebrated birthdays, and where I cried on Halloween—when I didn't want to wear the skirt my mother made for me.I always liked standing on that table because it made me feel tall and strong. If I sit at this table, I can see my favorite room in the house，my parents' room. It is simple: a brown wooden dresser lines the right side of the wall next to a television and a couple of photos of my grandparents on each side. Their bed is my safe zone. I can jump on it anytime—waking up my parents if I am scared or if I have an important ‎ announcement that cannot wait until the morning.‎ I'm lucky because I know my first home still exists. It exists in my mind and heart, on a physical property(住宅)on West 64th street on the western edge of Los Angeles. It is proof I lived, I grew, and I learned.‎ Sometimes when I feel lost，I lie down and shut my eyes, and I go home. I know it's where I'll find my family，my dogs, and my belongings.I purposely leave the window open at night because I know I'll be blamed by Mom. But I don't mind, because I want to hear her say my name，which reminds me I'm home.‎ ‎43．Why does the author call her parents' bed her “safe zone”(Paragraph 3)?‎ A．It is her favorite place to play.‎ B. Her needs can be satisfied there.‎ C. Her grandparents' photos are lined on each side.‎ D. Her parents always play together with her there.‎ ‎44．What can be learned from the passage?‎ A. The old furniture is still in the author's first bedroom.‎ B. The author can still visit her first physical home in Los Angeles.‎ C. The author's favorite room in her first home is the dining room.‎ D. Many people of the author's age can still find their first physical homes.‎ ‎45．Sometimes when she feels lost，the author will ________．‎ A. open the window at night B. lie down in bed to have a dream C. try to bring back a sense of home D. go to Los Angeles to visit her mom ‎46．What is the author's purpose of writing this passage?‎ A. To express how much she is attached to her home.‎ B. To declare how much she loves her first house.‎ C. To describe the state of her family.‎ D. To look back on her childhood.‎ ‎【要点综述】 这是一篇记叙文。作者采用回忆的手法，描写了对家的记忆和感怀。‎ ‎43．B　推理判断题。根据第三段“Their bed is my safe zone.I can jump on it anytime—waking ‎ up my parents if I am scared or if I have an important announcement that cannot wait until the morning.”可知，他们的床是作者的安全地带，如果作者害怕的话，随时可以跳上床——叫醒父母；如果作者有重要的事要宣告，不必等到早上(作者可以随时叫醒父母)。故可以判断选B。‎ ‎44．B　推理判断题。根据第四段“I'm lucky because I know my first home still exists.It exists in my mind and heart, on a physical property(住宅)on West 64th street on the western edge of Los Angeles.It is proof I lived, I grew, and I learned.”可知，作者很幸运，因为作者知道她的第一个家仍然存在，它存在于她的头脑和心里。故可以判断选B。‎ ‎45．C　细节理解题。根据最后一段“Sometimes when I feel lost, I lie down and shut my eyes, and I go home.I know it's where I'll find my family, my dogs, and my belongings.”可知，有时，当作者感到失落，就躺下，闭上她的眼睛，回家。作者知道在那里她会找到她的家人、她的狗、她的财物及回家的感觉。故选C。‎ ‎46．A　归纳概括题。文章通篇描绘对家的思念，落脚点在对家的无限牵挂上。故选A。‎ 阅读理解 SHANGHAI —Health experts in Shanghai are calling for more protection for young children as the latest research shows about half of the youngsters are suffering from secondhand smoke.‎ About 45 percent of children suffer passive smoking in families,50 percent in public places，and almost 6 percent on public transportation，shows a research released by the Shanghai Children's Medical Center on Tuesday.‎ ‎“Not only adults but also children and newborn babies are at risk for the adverse effects of passive smoking，” said Tang Jingyan，a doctor at the Shanghai Children's Medical Center.‎ ‎“Actually，those young children whose bodies are still growing and developing are more sensitive to the effects of secondhand smoke.”‎ Research has shown that children who are exposed to secondhand smoke will suffer from more colds，coughs and sore throats，and they are more likely to suffer from bronchitis，pneumonia and will have a higher risk of developing cancer.‎ Doctors even suggested that children suffering passive smoking are more likely to have behavioral problems and may not develop mentally as quickly as their peers.‎ Other research by the Shanghai Children's Medical Center has found that more than 80 percent of child patients in the center live in a smokefilled household，where one or both parents smoke.‎ ‎“Though doctors have stressed the harm of passive smoking over and over，it is still hard to reach a totally smokefree home，” said a pediatrician named Zhang Yiwen，noting that parents are often tempted to smoke even though they have learned the harmful effects of secondhand smoke.‎ China has 540 million people suffering from passive smoke,180 million of them younger than 15.The age of smokers is also getting lower，earlier reports said.‎ ‎“There are more young smokers than before.You can see young people wearing a school uniform and carrying a schoolbag light a cigarette on the street.Some of them are even female students，” said Jing Xingming，a professor of children's developmental behavior at the center.‎ ‎“Children like to imitate adults，especially their parents.If parents often smoke at home，it is very likely children will develop a smoking habit，which can cause a vicious circle，” Jin said.‎ Reports from the Ministry of Health said China has about 350 million smokers，of whom 15 million are underage smokers.Also，around 40 million of the country's 130 million children aged between 13 and 18 had tried smoking，and 15 million had become addicted to tobacco.‎ ‎1．What is the main idea of the passage?‎ A．About half of the youngsters are suffering from secondhand smoke.‎ B．Experts are calling for more protection for youngsters from smoking.‎ C．More and more youngsters are picking up the habit of smoking.‎ D．Smoking does great harm to the health of the youngsters.‎ ‎2．Which youngsters most possibly develop a habit of smoking?‎ A．Children of nonsmoking mothers.‎ B．Children of nonsmoking fathers.‎ C．Children of heavy smokers.‎ D．Children from some smoking centers.‎ ‎3．Which of the following disease may not be connected with secondhand smoking?‎ A．Cancer.　　　　　　　 B．Behavioral problems.‎ C．Sore throats. D．Coughs.‎ ‎4．The underlined word “vicious” in the eleventh paragraph most probably means ______.‎ A．complete B．simple C．great D．bad ‎ ‎5．What can be inferred from the passage?‎ A．About 80 percent of the children in the Shanghai Children's Medical Center smoke heavily.‎ B．About 45 percent of children suffer passive smoking in the Shanghai Children's Medical Center.‎ C．About 540 million people are heavy smokers in China.‎ D．Children aged between 13 to 18 are more likely addicted to smoking.‎ ‎6‎ ‎1．B　主旨大意题。本文为新闻，根据第一段的导语可知，专家们呼吁要保护孩子们，防止他们受二手烟的危害，所以答案为B项。‎ ‎2．C　细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“If parents often smoke at home，it is very likely children will develop a smoking habit，which can cause a vicious circle...”可知答案为C项。‎ ‎3．B　细节理解题。根据第五段“Research has shown that children who are exposed to secondhand smoke will suffer from more colds，coughs and sore throats，and they are more likely to suffer from bronchitis，pneumonia and will have a higher risk of developing cancer.”可知，感冒、咳嗽、嗓子沙哑、支气管炎、肺炎、癌症都与二手烟有关，但是没有提到行为问题也与二手烟有关，所以应选B项。‎ ‎4．D　词义猜测题。由文中可知孩子喜欢模仿大人，尤其是他们的父母。一旦孩子养成吸烟的习惯，就有可能会继续影响下一代，这样自然会导致恶性循环了。故可判断答案为D项。‎ ‎5．D　逻辑推理题。根据最后一段“Also，around 40 million of the country's 130 million children aged between 13 and 18 had tried smoking，and 15 million had become addicted to tobacco.”可判断答案为D项。‎