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Section_ⅢLesson_2_&_Lesson_3_—_Prereading_
[原文呈现]
VENUS AND SERENA WILLIAMS are sisters. They are also both tennis champions① who often have to play each other②！ Venus is now eleventh in the world, and her younger sister Serena has moved up③ to third.
The two sisters were born in a poor and dangerous area of California. It was full of④ drugs and violence⑤. In a recent interview⑥， Venus spoke about⑦ the time when she and Serena were practising⑧ tennis and they had to run and hide as⑨ bullets⑩ started flying through⑪ the air⑫. Finally, in 1991, the sisters and their family moved to a safer area and since then they have never looked back⑬.
[读文清障]
①champion/'tʃæmpIən/n.冠军
championship n．冠军称号(地位)
②who引导定语从句修饰tennis champions。
③move up升级；提升
④be full of充满，相当于be filled with。
⑤violence/'vaIələns/n.暴力，暴行 ⑥interview n．访问
⑦speak about (＝speak of)说到，谈论
⑧practise v．练习，实践(后接动名词作宾语)
⑨as conj.当……时 ⑩bullet/'bʊlIt/n.子弹
⑪fly through穿梭
⑫该句是主从复合句，when引导定语从句，修饰先行词the time; as引导时间状语从句。
⑬look back回首往事；回顾
[第1～2段译文]
维纳斯·威廉姆斯和塞丽娜·威廉姆斯是姐妹。她们也是常常互为对手的网球冠军！维纳斯现在排名世界第十一位，而妹妹塞丽娜已经名列第三。
两姐妹出生于加利福尼亚一个贫穷、危险的地区——毒品、暴力随处可见。在最近一次采访中，维纳斯说，那时，她和塞丽娜进行网球训练时，子弹在空中穿梭，她们只好跑开藏起来。终于在1991年，两姐妹及其家人搬到一个较安全的地区，从此再也没有故地造访过。
The sisters’ father, Richard, started to train Venus and Serena when they were young
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children. He has always been very strict with⑭ his daughters, training them hard to compete⑮ against each other⑯. Brandi, the sisters’ mother, taught her daughters at home⑰ so that they completed their high school while developing their tennis careers⑱. Today, both sisters are studying design⑲ at college. They have already expressed a keen⑳ interest in working in design after their tennis careers come to an end.
⑭be strict with sb.对某人要求严格
be strict about/on sth.在某方面要求严格
⑮compete/kəm'piːt/vi.比赛，竞争
compete against/with sb. for sth.与某人竞争以得到某物
⑯现在分词短语作状语，表主动意义。
⑰so that引导结果状语从句；while developing ...为省略的状语从句。
⑱career/kə'rIə/n.职业，一生的事业
⑲design n．设计，策划
by design有意地 by accident偶然
⑳keen/kiːn/adj.强烈的；渴望的
come to an end结束
[第3段译文]
在维纳斯和塞丽娜很小的时候，父亲理查德就开始训练她们。他对女儿总是很严格，努力训练她们，并让她们相互竞争。妈妈布兰迪则在家中教两姐妹文化知识，这样才使她们既没有间断网球生涯，又能顺利地完成高中学业。两姐妹如今在大学学习设计。她们俩都对网球生涯结束后从事设计工作极感兴趣。
The sisters’ road to success has been amazing. The first time Venus played in a big event was in 1996. Since then, she has won Wimbledon and the US Open twice. Serena has continued to improve and make fantastic progress. In 1999 and 2002, she won the US Open, and in 2002 and 2003, she was the women’s singles champion at Wimbledon. Has tennis ever caused problems between the sisters? Fortunately， no. “We’ve played each other before and it hasn’t worried us yet！” says Venus. “If she wins，” Serena jokes, “Mama says she has to do the dishes！”
amazing/ə'meIzIŋ/adj.令人惊异的
amazed adj.(人)吃惊的(说明人的感觉或状态)
event/I'vent/n.竞赛；事件
accident n．意外事故 incident n．小事件
improve v．改进；改善 improvement n．改进
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fantastic adj.极好的
make progress取得进步 progress为不可数名词。
singles n．(尤指网球的)单打比赛
fortunately/'fɔːtʃntli/adv.幸运地
before adv.从前，曾经 do the dishes洗餐具
[第4段译文]
两姐妹的成功之路是令人惊叹的。维纳斯第一次参加大型联赛是在1996年。从那以后，她已经两次赢得温布尔登网球公开赛和美国网球公开赛冠军。塞丽娜不断提高，取得了惊人的进步。1999年及2002年，她两次赢得美国网球公开赛冠军。2002年及2003年，她是温布尔登网球公开赛女子单打冠军。网球是否影响过她们的姐妹关系呢？很幸运的是，没有影响。维纳斯说：“我们以前彼此较量过，但从未产生过不愉快的感觉！”塞丽娜开玩笑地说：“如果她赢了，妈妈会让她洗碗！”
Prereading
Please match the words with their proper meanings.
1．opinion A．灵巧的，熟练的
2．struggle B．比赛，竞争
3．protest C．建立，创立
4．brilliant D．不平常的
5．event E．就自己而言
6．found F．抗议
7．personally G．竞赛；事件
8．equal H．暴力，暴行
9．compete I．斗争，拼搏
10．skil(l)ful J．意见，看法，主张
11．amazing K．幸运地
12．unusual L．令人惊异的
13．violence M．平等的
14．fortunately N．卓越的，辉煌的
1～5 ________ 6～10 ________ 11～14 ________
答案：1～5 JIFNG 6～10 CEMBA 11～14 LDHK
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Leadin
Match the characters with the related events.
1．Sun Yatsen A．won the Nobel Peace Prize in 1979
2．Thomas Edison B．fought for the rights of black South Africans
3．Mother Teresa C．founded the first Republic of China
4．Gandhi D．helped India separate from Britain
5．Elizabeth Blackwell E．has studied animals in the national park of Gombe
in Tanzania for nearly forty years
6．Nelson Mandela F．opened a hospital for poor people in New York City
7．Jane Goodall G．invented lights and many other useful things
1～5 __________ 6～7 __________
答案： 1～5 CGADF 6～7 BE
Whilereading
Fastreading
Scan the text and choose the best answer.
What’s the main idea of the passage?
A．How to be a tennis champion.
B．The introduction of two tennis star players.
C．The family of Venus and Serena Williams.
D．The Wimbledon Championships.
答案：B
Carefulreading
1．Read the text carefully and choose the best answer.
(1)According to the passage, which of the following is NOT true?
A．Venus has to do all the cooking at home.
B．Their mother is very kind to the sisters.
C．Their father has always been very strict with the sisters.
D．The sisters have played each other several times.
(2)What can you read between the lines when Serena said “If she wins, Mama says she has to do the dishes！”？
A．Serena felt jealous of her sister because of her win.
B．Serena felt that her mother favored her sister.
C．Serena didn’t care at all because she didn’t take it seriously.
D．Serena still felt happy when her sister won the game.
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(3)In which column can you find this article in a newspaper?
A．Business. B．Entertainment.
C．Sports. D．Culture.
(4)According to the passage we can know that the Williams sisters show great interest in ________ besides tennis.
A．music and movies B．fashion
C．cooking D．reading
答案：(1)～(4) ADCB
2．Fill in the chart with the information in the text.
Introduction
Venus and Serena Williams are sisters, who are famous because they are both tennis champions, ①________ eleventh and third in the world.
Family
Background
The two sisters once lived in a poor and dangerous area of California, which was full of drugs and ②________.They sometimes had to stop ③________ tennis while bullets were flying through the air.
Training and
④________
★Their father was very ⑤________ with the sisters and trained them to compete against each other since their ⑥________.
★Their mother taught the sisters at home so that they could ⑦________ their high school while developing their tennis careers.
⑧________
★Since a big event in 1996, Venus has won Wimbledon and the US Open twice. Serena won the US Open in 1999 and 2002 and she was the women’s ⑨________ champion at Wimbledon in 2002 and 2003.
★The sisters are also ⑩________ in design and they hope that will be their future work when their tennis careers come to an end.
答案：①ranking ②violence ③practising ④Education
⑤strict ⑥childhood ⑦complete/finish
⑧Achievements/Successes ⑨singles ⑩interested
Studyreading
Analyze the following difficult sentences in the text.
1．In a recent interview, Venus spoke about the time when she and Serena were practising tennis and they had to run and hide as bullets started flying through the air.
[句式分析]
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[尝试翻译] 在最近一次采访中，维纳斯说，那时，她和塞丽娜进行网球训练时，子弹在空中飞梭，她们只好跑开藏起来。
2．Brandi, the sisters’mother, taught her daughters at home so that they completed their high school while developing their tennis careers.
[句式分析] the sisters’ mother是Brandi的同位语， so that 引导结果状语从句。while developing ...是省略的状语从句，补充完整应为“while they were developing ...”。
[尝试翻译] 妈妈布兰迪则在家中教两姐妹文化知识，这样才使她们既没有间断网球生涯，又能顺利地完成高中学业。
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
Known as “Mahatma” (great soul), Gandhi was the leader of the Indian nationalist movement against British rule, and was widely considered the father of his country. His belief of nonviolent (非暴力的) protest to achieve political and social progress has been very influential.
He was born on October 2,1869 in India. After university, he went to London to train as a lawyer. He returned to India in 1891 and in 1893 accepted a job at an Indian law firm in Durban, South Africa. Gandhi was appalled at the treatment of Indian immigrants there, and joined the struggle to get basic rights for them. During his 20 years in South Africa he was sent to prison many times. Influenced mainly by Hinduism, but also by writers including Tolstoy and Thoreau, Gandhi developed the “satyagraha” (devotion to truth), a new nonviolent way to correct wrongs. In 1914, the South African government accepted many of Gandhi’s demands.
Gandhi returned to India shortly afterwards. By 1920, Gandhi was an important figure in Indian politics. He changed the Indian National Congress Agenda, and his program of peaceful noncooperation with the British which included boycotts (抵制) of British goods, led to the arrests of thousands of people.
In 1922, Gandhi himself was sentenced to six years’ imprisonment. He was set free after two years and withdrew from politics and devoted himself to trying to improve HindMuslim relations, which had worsened.
In 1931, Gandhi attended the Round Table Conference in London, as the only representative of the Indian National Congress, but he resigned from the party in 1934 to protest its use of violence as a political tool. He was replaced as leader by Jawaharlal Nehru.
On January 30, 1948, he was murdered.
语篇解读：
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本文介绍了甘地的人生经历。甘地是印度民族解放运动著名的领导人、非暴力不合作运动的倡导者。
1．What’s the first paragraph mainly about?
A．Gandhi’s political beliefs.
B．Gandhi’s childhood.
C．Gandhi’s college education.
D．Gandhi’s great influence.
解析：选D 段落大意题。第一段主要介绍了甘地对印度的深远影响，因此选D项。
2．The underlined word “appalled” in Paragraph 2 can be replaced by “________”．
A．shocked B．excited
C．tired D．amazed
解析：选A 词义猜测题。由“ ... joined the struggle to get basic rights for them.”可推出该词意为“震惊的”。
3．Gandhi did all of the following things EXCEPT ________.
A．training as a lawyer
B．struggling to get basic rights in South Africa
C．helping to make India independent
D．changing the Indian National Congress Agenda
解析：选C 细节理解题。A、B两项可以在第二段找到相应的句子，D项可以在第三段找到依据，C项文中没有提及。
4．The “satyagraha” in Paragraph 2 may be ________.
A．a violence tool
B．a political leader
C．a great belief
D．a way to deal with wrong things
解析：选D 推理判断题。根据第二段的“... Gandhi developed the ’satyagraha’ (devotion to truth), a new nonviolent way to correct wrongs.”可知D项正确。
B
In the summer of 1936, Jesse Owens joined the best athletes from fifty nations to compete in the Berlin Olympic Games. Until then, very few black athletes had competed in the Olympics for the United States. Owens was proud to be on the team. He was very sure of his ability.
Owens spent one week competing in four different Olympic track and field events (田径项目). And he won four gold medals in all four of the competitions. In the 100meter run, he equaled the fastest time ever run in that Olympic event. In the long jump and the 200meter run, he set new Olympic records. And as part of a fourman team, he helped set a new world record for the 400meter relay race. He was the first American in the history of Olympic track and field events to
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win four gold medals in single Olympics.
Owens’s Olympic triumphs made him a hero. He returned home to parade (游行) in New York and Columbus. Businessmen paid him for the right to use his name in their stores. No one, however, offered him a permanent (固定的) job. He worked at small jobs. He and his family saw good times and bad times.
Poverty was not new to Owens. He was born into a poor family, but he was lucky that he entered a school where one white teacher, Charles Riley, took a special interest in him. He often brought the boy food and invited him to eat with his family. And every day before school, he taught Owens how to run like an athlete. Owens always remembered the teacher who helped change his life.
In 1976, Gerald Ford awarded Jesse Owens the Presidential Medal of Freedom. This is the highest honor an American civilian (平民) can receive. Jesse Owens died of cancer in 1980, at the age of 67.
语篇解读：本文主要介绍了著名运动员欧文斯在奥运比赛中所取得的成绩以及他之前之后的生活状况。
5．Owens set new records in the following events EXCEPT ________.
A．the 400meter relay race B．the 100meter run
C．the 200meter run D．the long jump
解析：选B 细节理解题。文章第二段说明了他在100米比赛中平了在那个奥运赛事中的最快时间，说明他没有创造新的纪录，只是平了纪录。
6．The underlined word “triumphs” in Paragraph 3 probably means ________.
A．challenges B．events
C．styles D．victories
解析：选D 词义猜测题。第二段重点介绍了杰西·欧文斯在奥运比赛中所取得的成绩，该段说明他被当作一位英雄，其原因自然是他所取得的成绩，由此推断triumphs应该表示“胜利，成功”之意。
7．Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?
A．Owens was the only black person competing in the Olympics for the US until 1936.
B．Owens entered three competitions in the Berlin Olympic Games.
C．Owens lived a rich life after the Berlin Olympic Games.
D．Charles Riley had a great effect on Owens’s success and life.
解析：选D 细节理解题。根据第四段内容可知杰西·欧文斯的一位白人老师查尔斯·莱利对他产生了很大的影响，给他物质上的帮助，并教会他像运动员一样跑步，因而改变了他的一生。
8．Which of the following CANNOT be used to describe Owens?
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A．Fortunate. B．Confident.
C．Generous. D．Competitive.
解析：选C 细节理解题。通过阅读文章不难看出杰西·欧文斯是幸运的，遇到了一位很好的老师，并且他很自信并具有竞争性，但文章中没有谈到他很慷慨。
C
Amelia Earhart’s (1897—1937) childhood was not the typical girl’s. She liked nothing better than to explore the banks of the Missouri River, where she climbed trees and hunted rats with her rifle (步枪). She also built her own roller coaster.
The exciting life of the American aviation (航空) pioneer is dramatized in the movie Amelia, which is coming out on October 23.
After Earhart paid a pilot $1 to take her up for a short fly in his plane, aviation became her love and career.
As she later explained, “Never do things others can do and will do, if there are things others cannot do or will not do.”
Earhart found herself a flying teacher and started to learn to fly. She took all sorts of jobs to pay for the lessons and to buy a secondhand plane on her 24th birthday.
In 1932, Earhart flew solo (单独的) across the Atlantic. She became the first woman to make the solo crossing. She also made a flying suit for women and went on to design other clothes for women who led active lives. “Now and then women should do for themselves what men have already done — occasionally what men have not done — thereby establishing themselves as persons, and perhaps encouraging other women toward greater independence of thought and action，” she said.
When she was nearly 40, Earhart was ready for a final challenge — to be the first woman to fly around the world. However, in midflight, she and her navigator (导航员) disappeared in bad weather.
Earhart will be forever remembered as a brave pioneer for both aviation and women.
语篇解读：女飞行员Amelia Earhart有着短暂但传奇的一生，她独特的性格和对人生的挑战精神给人们留下了深刻的印象。
9．According to the passage, which of the following statements is TRUE?
A．A movie about Earhart’s exciting life has come out.
B．Earhart never did things others could and would do.
C．Earhart’s love for aviation came after she flew a plane for a short time.
D．In Earhart’s opinion, women should think and act more independently.
解析：选D 细节理解题。根据文章第六段Earhart的话可知D
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项正确。由第二段可知电影还未上映，故A项不正确；B项的说法过于绝对；由第三段可知，Earhart并未亲自驾驶飞机，故C项不正确。
10．The underlined word “dramatized” in Paragraph 2 means ________.
A．presented B．adopted
C．published D．created
解析：选A 词义猜测题。根据第二段第一句可理解为“电影《Amelia》表现了这位美国航空先驱者精彩的人生”，故A项正确。
11．From the passage we can know that ________.
A．Earhart showed most interest in adventure trips to the Missouri River during her childhood
B．Earhart’s ambition was to fly across the Atlantic
C．Earhart challenged herself constantly
D．besides flying, Earhart also designed planes and clothes
解析：选C 细节理解题。根据第七段可知，Earhart最后的挑战是成为第一个飞越全球的女性，故C项正确，B项不正确；A项说法不准确；由第六段可知Earhart并没有设计过飞机，故D项不正确。
12．You can probably find this article in ________.
A．a booklet B．a newspaper
C．a guide book D．an advertisement
解析：选B 推理判断题。本文通篇介绍了Amelia的故事，小册子、旅游手册和广告都不符合实际情况，故应选择B项(报纸)。
Ⅱ.阅读七选五
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Hobbies are an important part of life. A great hobby will allow you to learn more about yourself, and will help you to develop life skills. __1__ If you’re choosing a new hobby, the following tips can help you：
__2__ When looking for a new hobby, you can think about the subjects you like to learn about, or the things you enjoy doing. For example, if you’re a woman, you can take up hobbies such as cooking and gardening. If you’re a man, you can consider hobbies like hunting and fishing.
Know your skills. __3__ Think hard about it by going over this question. This will guide you to choose a hobby that suits you. For example, if you have a good hand at drawing, then painting could be a great hobby for you.
Decide the time you can give. If you don’t have much free time, pick one that doesn’t take much time. If you have more free time, then you can take up hobbies to which more time can be
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given. So look at your schedule and how much time you might have for your chosen hobby. __4__
Pay attention to your talks. What do you enjoy talking about? __5__ Your conversations can show a lot about your likes which can be developed into a hobby. Now, think hard and determine what you enjoy and how it can be turned into a hobby.
A．Focus on what interests you.
B．There are an endless number of hobbies you can choose from.
C．Decide what you want — time alone or social interaction?
D．You may ask others about the topics you talk about the most.
E．Figure out how much time you have to work on your hobby.
F．This will help you take things not suitable for you off the list.
G．Are you a good writer, speaker, painter, or an expert in something else?
语篇解读：本文为说明文，主要介绍了选择业余爱好的方法。
1．选B 业余爱好很多，如果你想从中选择一个的话，下列建议可以帮你。由此逻辑可判断选B项。
2．选A 由本空后的like和enjoy可判断选A项，考虑你的兴趣所在。
3．选G 由“Think hard about it by going over this question”中的this question可知，C、G项可选。而G项的“a good writer, speaker, painter”等与首句的skills呼应，故选G。
4．选F 此处应是讲述考虑你时间的好处，故选F项。
5．选D D项中的talk about在本段多次出现。
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