Unit 2 Section Ⅳ
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
American and British people both speak English of course. But sometimes it does not seem like the same language. In fact, there are some important differences between British English and American English.
First of all, they sound very different. Often, Americans don't say each word separately. They say several words together. Americans may say “I dunno” instead of “I don't know”. However, the British are more careful on their speech. They usually say all the words and keep them separate.
Also, some letters have different sounds. For example, the Americans say the “a” in half like the “a” in cat. But the British say the “a” in half like the “o” in soft.
Sound is not the only difference between British English and American English. Words sometimes have different meanings too. Some American words are never used in England. The same thing is true of some British words in America. For example, the vocabulary for cars and driving is very different. Americans drive trucks, but in England they drive lorries.
Many expressions are also different in the two countries. In England, if you are going to telephone friends, you “ring them up”. In America you “give them a call”．
There are also sometimes differences in grammar. For example, Americans usually use the helping verb “do” when they ask a question. They say “Do you have class today？”But the British often leave out the helping verb. They say “Have you class today？”
All these differences can be confusing if you are learning English. But most languages are like this. Languages change over time. When people live in separate places, the languages change in different ways. This is what happened to English. It can also happen to other languages, such as French. Many people in Canada speak French but their French is very different from the French of France.
文章大意：本文介绍了美式英语与英式英语的不同点。
1．Compared to the British, Americans are usually________.
A．more careful about saying words
B．less careful about saying words
C．easier to understand
D．slower speakers
答案：B 细节判断题。由文章第二段的第二句“Often, Americans don't say each word separately.”可以直接得出答案为B项。
2．Some letters in English________.
A．always sound the same
B．have different sounds in the US and England
C．don't change
D．have an unusual sound
答案：B 细节判断题。由第三段首句可得出正确答案为B项。
3．The vocabulary for cars and driving is________.
A．an example of British English
B．different in the US and England
C．an example of modern technology
D．the same in the US and England
答案：B 细节判断题。由文章第四段的最后两句可知。
B
(2014·邯郸市高一期末)
Sometimes it is difficult to talk to taxi drivers. They must give all their attention to the road as they work out the shortest way to the place where you are going. However, passengers from Wangfujing were in surprise when they took a taxi. The driver just would not stop talking—in English.
Organized by the Cultural and Education Section of the British Embassy, “Dare to Speak” examines if Chinese people will speak English in “reallife” situations.
Matthew Knowles, an acting student from South Carolina at Beijing Film Academy, acted the part as the “driver”. He collected six passengers on Saturday morning, most of whom were female whitecollar (白领)workers.
“Of course they were surprised at first, wondering why I'm driving a taxi, and wondering whether this is a real taxi, but then most of them were pretty willing to speak，” he said. Knowles said he was also surprised by his “passengers”. “Apart from my first ‘passenger’， who could speak very little English, all the rest spoke English very well, and it was fun to communicate with them，” he said, adding that some “passengers” were quite talkative.
The “foreign taxi driver” project was just one of the “Dare to Speak” activities, which have been going on since the end of October. Other projects included a foreign store owner near a high school in Beijing, a cook in a Shanghai university canteen. They were testing the willingness of Chinese people, especially students and whitecollar workers, to speak to foreigners in English.
Rong Xin, senior manager of IELTS (雅思) with the British Embassy, said they hoped to let IELTS takers in China know that communication is the ultimate goal of IELTS.
“We hope that more and more IELTS takers in China can realize the importance of communicating in English in real life, instead of just getting high test scores，” she said.
文章大意：本文是一篇小品文，主要介绍了英国驻华大使馆所举行的一个活动：敢于说英语。
4．Why did Matthew Knowles drive a taxi?
A．He took part in the project “Dare to speak”．
B．He played the role of a taxi driver in a film.
C．He enjoyed chatting with people in English.
D．He wanted to improve his Chinese while driving.
答案：A 推理判断题。根据第二段和第三段的整体理解，可推知Matthew Knowles开出租是因为他参与了这项“敢开口说英语”的活动，故答案A符合文意。
5. The Chinese may meet and talk to ________ in “Dare to speak” projects.
A．a whitecollar worker B．a foreign store owner
C．a restaurant manager D．a high school student
答案：B 推理判断题。根据第二段：“Dare to Speak” examines if Chinese people will speak English in “reallife” situations.可推知，在这项活动中中国人会遇到外国人，从而有机会说英语，故答案B符合文意。
6. The underlined word “ultimate” is closest in meaning to ________.
A．most difficult B．most common
C．most famous D．most important
答案：D 词义猜测题。根据最后一段的整体理解并结合生活常识可知，学习语言的最终目的是为了交流，无论是书面的还是口头，而不是所谓的考试，考试只是一种检验语言掌握水平的方式而已，由此可推知答案D符合文意。
7. The purpose of the project “Dare to Speak” is to ________.
A．attract more foreigners to start business in China
B．draw Chinese people's attention to IELT
C．remind language learners of the goal of learning
D．give more chances for English learners in China
答案：C 目的意图题。根据第二段：“Dare to Speak” examines if Chinese people will speak English in “reallife” situations.这个活动的主旨和最后一段的呼应，可推知答案C符合文意。
Ⅱ.完形填空
(2014·福州八县市一中期中联考)
A year ago, I paid no attention to English idioms, though my teacher emphasized (强调) the importance again and again. But soon, the importance of English idioms was shown __1__ an amusing experience.
One day, I __2__ to meet an Englishman on the road, and soon we began to talk. As I __3__ about how I was studying English, the foreigner seemed to be surprised. Gently __4__ his head, and shrugging (耸肩) his shoulders, he said, “You don't say！” “You don't say！” I was puzzled. I thought, perhaps this is not an appropriate topic(适当的话题). “Well, I'd __5__ change the topic. ”So I said to him. “Well，__6__ we talk about the Great Wall? __7__ the way,
have you ever __8__ there？” “Certainly, everyone back home will laugh at me if I leave China without seeing __9__. It was magnificent. ”He was __10__ in thought when I began to talk __11__ a tourist guide. “The Great Wall is one of the wonders in the world. We are very __12__ of it.”Soon I was interrupted again by his words: “You don't say！” I couldn't help asking, “Why do you ask me __13__ about it？” “Well, I didn't request you to do __14__，” he answered, greatly __15__. I said, “Didn't you say‘you don't say’？” __16__ this , the Englishman laughed to tears. He began to __17__， ‘You don't say’ actually means ‘really？’ It is an __18__ of surprise. Perhaps you don't pay attention to English idioms.”__19__ then did I know I had made a fool of __20__. Since then I have been more careful with idiomatic expressions. Remember: what the English teachers said is always right to us students.
文章大意：本文向我们讲述了作者因为不明白 “you don't say”英语习语的确切含义而发生的一场笑话。
1．A．in B．for
C．by D．to
答案：A 在一次有趣的经历中，用in。
2．A．came B．happened
C．seemed D．wanted
答案：B happen to do sth.“碰巧……”。
3．A．would talk B．had talked
C．was to talk D．was talking
答案：D 强调过去正在谈论如何学英语，所以用过去进行时。
4．A．nodding B．packing
C．shaking D．attacking
答案：C 这名英国人很吃惊，所以应该是“摇头耸肩”。shake one's head“摇头”。
5．A．to B．better
C．not D．like
答案：B I'd better do sth. 最好做某事。
6．A．shall B．will
C．must D．do
答案：A shall用于征求对方意见。
7．A．On B．In
C．All D．By
答案：D by the way“顺便问一下”。
8.A．gone B．visited
C．seen D．been
答案：D have been表示已去过了，而A选项表示还未回来。B、C两项均为及物动词，不能接副词there。
9．A．it B．Them
C．anything D．something
答案：A it指代the Great Wall。
10．A．high B．highly
C．deep D．deeply
答案：C be deep in thought“陷入沉思”。
11．A．as B．to
C．with D．like
答案：D 作“如，像”讲时，A选项中的as是连词，应接从句；like是介词，后接名词。
12．A．willing B．satisfied
C．proud D．familiar
答案：C be proud of“因……而自豪”。
13．A．not talk B．to not talk
C．not to talk D．not talking
答案：C ask sb. not to do sth.“请某人不做某事”。
14．A．this B．so
C．anything D．me a favor
答案：B so指代上文谈论长城那件事。
15．A．encouraged B．frightened
C．pleased D．surprised
答案：D 根据上文，此英国人对我说的话感到很“吃惊”。
16.A．Heard B．To hear
C．Hearing D．Listening
答案：C hearing为非谓语动词，在此作伴随状语。
17．A．explain B．shout
C．prove D．say
答案：A 从后面的话语可知，此英国人开始“解释”“you don't say”英语习语的确切含义。
18．A．experience B．expression
C．explanation D．example
答案：B “you don't say”是“吃惊”的表达。expression“表达”；experience“经历，经验”；explanation“解释”；example“例子”。
19．A．From B．Since
C．By D．Only
答案：D since then“自从那时”；by then“直到那时”；它们所引导的句子均为陈述语序。而only放在句首时，后面的句子则采用部分倒装，因此答案选D。
20．A．me B．myself
C．mine D．somebody
答案：B make a fool of sb.“愚弄某人”。
Ⅲ. 语法填空
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
There are various reasons __1__ people write poetry. Some poems tell __2__ story or describe something in a way __3__ will give the reader a strong impression. __4__ try to convey certain emotions. Poets use many different forms of poems __5__(express) themselves. In this text, however, we will look at a few __6__ the simpler forms.
Some of the first poetry a young child __7__(learn) in English is nursery rhymes. These rhymes like the one on the right are still a common type of children's poetry. The language is concrete(实在的) but imaginative, and they delight small children __8__ they rhyme, have strong rhythm and a lot of __9__(repeat). The poems may not make sense and even seem contradictory, but they are easy to learn and recite. By __10__(play)with the words in nursery rhymes, children learn about language.
1．______ 2.______ 3.______ 4.______ 5.______
6．______ 7.______ 8.______ 9.______ 10.______
答案：1.why 2.a 3.that 4.Others 5.to express 6.of
7．learns 8.because 9.repetition 10.playing
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