2017-2018学年高一下学期期末考试备考满分冲刺专题
专题一 必修3重点词汇 针对训练
一、辨析填空
1. 用award, reward, prize的适当形式填空
①He was __________ damages of 50,000 pounds.
他被判得损害赔偿金5万英镑。
②She__________ him with a smile just now.
③Martin Luther King Jr. was ____________ the Nobel Peace __________ of 1964 for advocating nonviolence policy in the movement for civil rights.
【答案】
①awarded
②rewarded
③awarded; Prize
2. 用view, scene, scenery或sight的适当形式填空
①Guilin is famous for its beautiful _____________.
②The movie opens with a _____________ in a New York apartment.
③You can get a wonderful _____________ at the top of the tower.
④Mount Qomolangma is an awe-inspiring _____________.
【答案】
①scenery ②scene
③view ④sight
3. 选用method, manner, way或means的适当形式填空
①They have learned to use modern ______________ of teaching.
②I’m not happy with this ______________ of working.
③The quickest ______________ of travel is by plane.
④He was walking in a rather unnatural ______________.
⑤My parents always let me have my own ______________ of life.
⑥It is bad ______________ to talk loudly in public in western countries.
【答案】
①methods ②way ③means
④manner ⑤way ⑥manners
二、单句语法填空
1. The day that he had looked forward to ___________ (come) at last.
2. We looked forward to ___________ (hear) from you.
3. When Alice came to, she didn’t know how long she ________ ________ ________(lie) there.
4. He found that the book still ________(lie) where he ________ ________(lay) it.
5. The boy ________(lie) that he ________(lie) in bed and ________(lay) a cock in a box and saw it ________(lay) an egg.
6. Students are not permitted _____________ (enter) the net bar.
7. You must ask for _____________ (permit) if you want to leave early.
8. We don’t permit _____________ (smoke) in the hospital, so we don’t permit you _____________ (smoke) here, either.
9. (2016·新课标全国卷I改编) If it weren’t for Rachel Carson, the environmental movement might not ___________ today. (exist)
10. (2016·新课标全国卷III改编) To people who are used to the limited choice of apples such as Golden Delicious and Royal Gala in supermarkets, it can be quite an eye opener to see the range of classical apples still in _____________, such as Decio which was grown by the Romans. (exist)
11. (2017·天津改编) Was it too much to ask her to move so I could take just one picture of the landscape? Sure, I could have asked her, but something prevented me from ____________(do) so.
12. (2017·北京改编) Machines with specific purposes are associated with living things partly because they might be able to prevent themselves from ______________(destroy).
13. You should take effective ____________ (measure) to improve your working conditions.
14. (2014·北京改编)This is a well-specified action-based goal for which you can your success easily. (measure)
15. (2016•北京改编)＂Although these ____________ are not effective forever, they are vital for now,＂he says.＂They are truly good birds that are worth every effort we put into recovering them.＂(measure)
16. (2015·天津改编)Having worked for two days, Steve to finish his report on schedule. (manage)
17. (2016·江苏改编)Her time were not exactly ____________, but even so, he seemed there was something trying to get out, something the other coaches had overlooked when they had assessed her and found her lacking. (impress)
18. (2015·北京改编)When Grylls heard about Nicholas’ amazing deeds, he was super ____________that Nicholas had made it since he knew better than anyone how hard Nicholas had to work to stay alive. (impress)
19. (2015·福建改编)It is said that body language accounts for 55 percent of a first ____________ (impress) while what you say just 7 percent.
20. (2014·广东改编) The audience was ____________his amazing performance. (impress)
【答案】
1. came 2. hearing
3. had been lying 4. lay; had laid
5. lied; lay; laid; laying 6. to enter
7. permission 8. smoking; to smoke
9. exist 10. existence
11. doing 12. being destroyed
13. measures 14. measure
15. measures 16. managed
17. impressive 18. impressed
19. impression 20. impressed by
三、完成句子
1. (2017·江苏改编) In the north of India, the population is booming due to high birth rates, but in the south, where most economic development is ___________(发生), birth rate is falling rapidly.
2. (2017·江苏改编) When this ___________(发生), especially when a new-born company
has no revenue to speak of, the regulators should raise red flags.
3. (2014·四川改编) We arrived in the summer, just ______________ (及时) to enjoy the midnight sun.
4. 好几个老朋友出现在聚会上。
Several old friends _____________________________.
5. 文件迟早会找到的。
The papers _____________________________.
6. 请把电视机的音量开大些好吗？
Could you please _____________________________?
7. 我总是让孩子们铭记努力工作就会成功。
I always the children that if they worked hard they would succeed. (impress)
8. 在非洲旅行期间，给我印象最深刻的是那里的野生动物。
most was the wildlife there while I was visiting Africa. (impress)
9. 他们面对灾难的乐观态度给我留下了深刻的印象。
I was their optimistic attitude towards the disaster.(impress)
10. 这位新老师给学生留下了深刻的印象。
The new teacher the students.(impression)
【答案】
1. taking place
2. takes place
3. in time
4. turned up at the party
5. will turn up sooner or later
6. turn the TV up
7. impressed upon/on
8. What impressed me
9. deeply impressed by/with
10. made/left a deep impression on
四、单句改错
1. Great changes have been taken place in our hometown during the past ten years.
________________________________________________________________________________________
2. Some people think that robots will take the place human beings.
________________________________________________________________________________________
3. As far as I know, Tom will take place of John to receive the award.
________________________________________________________________________________________
4. I managed to persuade him to go with us, but in vain.
_________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】
1. 删除been
2. 在place后加of
3. 在take后加the
4. managed→tried
五、单项填空
1. (2013·新课标全国卷I) It was a real race time to get the project done. Luckily, we made it.
A. over B. by C. for D. against
【答案】D
2. (2015·湖北) The team are working hard to the problem so that they can find the best solution.
A. face B. prevent C. raise D. analyze
【答案】D
【解析】句意：团队正在努力分析这一问题以便找到解决问题的方法。A项＂面对＂；B项＂阻止＂；C项＂提出，举起＂；D项＂分析＂。故选D项。
3. (2017·天津) I sent letters to everyone I knew, telling them about my project. It worked perfectly. Donations began in from hundreds of people.
A. breaking B. flooding C. jumping D. stepping
【答案】B
【解析】根据上文It worked perfectly可知，捐款从几百人那里涌入。break in 闯入；flood in 大量涌入；jump in 跳进；step in 步入。故选B。
4. Scientists hope to ____________ soon in their fight against heart disease.
A. break up B. break out C. break through D. break in
【答案】C
【解析】句意：科学家们希望能尽快在应对心脏病方面有所突破。break up分解，打断；break out爆发，发生；break through突破；break in闯入，打断。
5. A big fire ____________ last night. Luckily, no one was killed or injured.
A. broke out B. broke away
C. broke off D. broke through
【答案】A
【解析】考查短语辨析。句意：昨晚发生了一场火灾。幸运的是，没有人员伤亡。A. 爆发；B. 放弃，逃跑；C. 折断，突然停止；D. 突破。故选A。
6. (2017·北京)She couldn’t understand why some people had to live their lives without shelter or enough food. Hannah started to think about how she could , but, of course, there is not a lot one five-year-old can do to solve(解决)the problem of homelessness.
A. behave B. manage C. help D. work
【答案】C
【解析】考查动词。A. behave表现，行为举止；B. manage成功做；C. help帮助；D. work工作。Hannah开始思考她如何能帮到他们，根据句意选C。
7. (2014·湖北)What was so __________about Jasmine Westland’s victory was that she came first in the marathon bare-footed.
A. awful B. essential C. impressive D. obvious
【答案】C
8. (2014·湖南)Also, I would be meeting new people, and properly ironed clothes would help me make a good .
A. conclusion B. suggestion C. impression D. observation
【答案】C
【解析】A. conclusion结论；B. suggestion建议；C. impression印象；D. observation观察。这里考查短语make a good impression留下好印象。这里指烫好的衣服将会帮助＂我＂留下好的印象。故选C。
六、阅读理解
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
Christmas Day is for eating, drinking, watching bad TV — and trying to cover up your embarrassment as you realize your husband’s aunt Maud has spent her pension on your present while you bought her a set of Christmas cards.
Presentbuying can be a minefield: from how much to spend, to whether to risk surprising receivers with a gift they don’t want, to knowing if you should buy your neighbor you only say hello to a little something.
Here, FEMAIL has asked experts for their top tips on how to select present to ensure the only thing that’s red this Christmas is Santa Claus’ nose.
＂If you’ve just started seeing someone you don’t need to spend a fortune,＂ says dating advisor James Preece.
＂It’s much better to impress them with your imagination by choosing a gift that’s a little bit different. £20 is about the right amount, with a maximum of £50 if you can afford it.＂
＂Or you don’t even need to go that far＂, says relationship expert and founder of BeLoveCurious.com, Helen Rice. ＂Plan to spend a romantic evening together or have a fun day out. Feel free to give the person you’re dating something thoughtful, just don’t spend a lot of money.＂
＂If you’re in a longterm relationship then your budget really reflects on your personal situation,＂ adds James. ＂You don’t need to go crazy, but it’s a great opportunity to show you love and appreciate them.＂
＂It’s also best to buy a few cheaper presents rather than big one. Part of the fun is the mystery and unwrapping, so it will last longer if you give them several to enjoy.＂
1. What is the purpose of the first paragraph in this article?
A. To arrest the attention of readers.
B. To criticize greed of mean couples.
C. To describe traditional customs of Christmas Day.
D. To express sympathies for embarrassed senior citizens.
2. What does the underlined sentence in Paragraph 3 imply?
A. To accumulate red symbols for Christmas atmosphere.
B. To calculate how much paint they need to decorate the house.
C. To surprise their friends with their delicate intention.
D. To avoid unnecessary embarrassment when sending gifts.
3. Which statement does James Preece agree?
A. Only rare treasures can move a stone heart.
B. Diamonds are girls’ best friends.
C. Curiosity to gifts adds to fun.
D. True friends need nothing but trust.
4. Who are the target readers of this article?
A. Those who cannot afford expensive eating.
B. Those who want to fix their broken friendship.
C. Those who have trouble in picking proper gifts.
D. Those who have once quarreled with their neighbors.
【答案】
【语篇解读】本文是一篇应用文。圣诞节是西方一个盛大的节日，此刻给亲朋好友送去圣诞祝福也是非常重要的一种庆祝方式。那么如何避免圣诞节送礼不当所产生的尴尬呢？一起来看看文章给我们的建议吧。
2. D 【解析】推理判断题。联系上文可知，买圣诞节礼物需要考虑很多因素。FEMAIL就如何选择礼物征求了专家的建议，就是为了避免大家在送圣诞节礼物时产生不必要的尴尬。故D项正确。
3. C 【解析】细节理解题。根据最后一段最后一句James Preece说的话可知，James Preece认为对礼物的好奇心会增加乐趣。故C项正确。
4. C 【解析】推理判断题。根据文章前三段可知，本文是向那些不知道如何挑选恰当的圣诞节礼物的读者提供了一些建议。故C项正确。
B
Reuel Tolkien (1892—1973), the British linguist, writer. He created a fantasy novel ＂The Lord of the Rings＂ the wellknown trilogy (三部曲).
Tolkien was born in Bloemfontein, South Africa. When he was 4 years old, his father died and his family moved back to England. Tolkien graduated from Oxford University when he was 23 years old, and participated in the First World War. During the war, Tolkien suffered from ＂trench fever＂ and stayed in the hospital until the end of World War Ⅰ. It was the days in the hospital that he began his writing career first.
After the war, Tolkien became a linguist. He was an editor of the ＂New English Dictionary＂ of 1918—1920. However, he was more researching into AngloSaxon language which makes his extensive contacts in Britain and the Nordic spread all over the folklore and mythology.
In 1937, Tolkien completed his first work ＂The Hobbit＂. Although this was a fairy tale, it was also suitable for adults to read. Because of good sales, the publisher Allen & Unwin convinced Tolkien to write its sequel. This encouraged Tolkien to complete his most famous works the epic (史诗) trilogy ＂The Lord of the Rings＂. The works of writing went on for almost a year with the support from his good friend Lewis.
At the beginning ＂The Lord of the Rings＂ was similar works for children, but after that writing style quickly became serious and dark. ＂The Lord of the Rings＂ was one of the most popular literary works in the 20th century in terms of sales and readers’ evaluation. Tolkien’s influence is important, for the success of ＂The Lord of the Rings＂ makes the fantasy novels of this literature genre (体裁) develop rapidly.
5. When did Tolkien take part in World War Ⅰ?
A. 1896. B. 1915. C. 1916. D. 1937.
6. Which of the following statements is TRUE?
A. Tolkien’s father died of ＂trench fever＂.
B. Tolkien wrote the ＂New English Dictionary＂ himself.
C. ＂The Lord of the Rings＂ was finished about half a year.
D. Tolkien began his writing career in the hospital.
7. What is Tolkien’s ＂The Lord of the Rings＂ considered to be?
A. The first works of Tolkien.
B. Always serious and dark.
C. Beneficial to the development of the fantasy novels.
D. The most popular literary works in the 20th century.
8. The word ＂evaluation＂ in the last paragraph is close to the meaning of ＂___________＂.
A. opinion B. value C. interest D. hobby
【答案】
【语篇解读】本文是一篇人物传记，介绍了《指环王》的作者瑞尔•托尔金的生平。他早年丧父，后来参加了第一次世界大战。战时患上＂战壕热＂，在医院期间他开始了他的写作生涯。
5. B 【解析】推理判断题。根据第一段第一句中的＂Reuel Tolkien(1892—1973)＂以及第二段第三句＂Tolkien graduated from Oxford University when he was 23 years old, and participated in the First World War.＂可知，瑞尔•托尔金生于1892年，他23岁时参加了第一次世界大战，据此可以判断，他是在1915年参加第一次世界大战的，故B项正确。
6. D 【解析】细节理解题。根据第二段的最后一句＂It was the days in the hospital that he began his writing career first.＂可知，瑞尔·托尔金是在医院开始他的写作生涯的，故D项正确。
8. A 【解析】词义猜测题。根据本文倒数第二句中的＂‘The Lord of the Rings’ was one of the most popular literary works in the 20th century in terms of sales and readers’...＂可知，＂The Lord of the Rings＂是二十世纪最受欢迎的文学作品之一，这是读者和书商的评价；据此可以判断，画线词意为＂评价＂，故A项＂观点，看法＂正确。
七、七选五
根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
We all know the importance of curiosity, and here are some tips on how to develop it.
Keep an open mind. This is essential if you are to have a curious mind. Be open to learning, unlearning, and relearning things. 1 Therefore, you should be prepared to accept this possibility and change your mind.
2 Most people just accept the world as it is. This way, they will certainly lose the＂holy curiosity＂. Try to dig deeper beneath the surface of what is around
you. A sure way to dig deeper beneath the surface is asking questions. What, why, when, who, where, and how are the questions curious people always ask.
Don’t label anything as boring. Whenever you label something as boring, you close one more door of possibilities. Curious people are unlikely to consider things boring. 3 Even if they don’t yet have time to explore them, they will leave the door open to be visited another time.
Take learning as something fun. If you see learning as a burden, there’s no way you will want to dig deeper into anything. That will just make the burden heavier. However, if you think of learning as something fun, you will naturally want to dig deeper. 4
Read diverse materials. It will introduce you to the possibilities and excitement of other worlds which may attract your interest in exploring further. One easy way to do this is through reading diverse materials. ____5____It’ll feed your mind with the excitement of a new world.
A. Never take things as granted.
B. Don’t spend too much time on just one world.
C. Try to pick a book or magazine on a new subject.
D. Some things you know and believe might be wrong.
E. It doesn’t matter that you don’t agree to others’ opinions.
F. So look at life through the glasses of fun and enjoy the learning process.
G. Instead, they always see these things as a door to an exciting new world.
【答案】
【语篇解读】本文讲述了如何提高好奇心的五种建议。
1. D 【解析】根据语境可知选D。前后句子连在一起意思为＂你所知道的和了解的可能是错误的。因此你要准备接受这种可能性，改变你的想法＂，故答案为D。
4. F 【解析】根据语境可知选F。前后句子连在一起意思为＂然而，如果你把学习看成是有趣的事情，你自然就会想去挖掘它，因此，通过快乐的视野来看待生活，享受学习的乐趣。＂故答案为F。
5. C 【解析】根据语境可知选C。前后句子连在一起意思为＂一个简单的方法就是通过阅读各种各样的内容，试着看一些有新鲜主题的书或杂志＂。故答案为C。
八、语法填空
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
A British teenager, Danny Bowman aged 19 years old, once 1 (spend) 10 hours a day taking selfies (自拍). Now, he is receiving regular treatment to help him deal with his addiction.
His addiction started at age 15 and quickly out of control, leading him to attempt to kill himself due to ___2___ (anxious) that he couldn’t take the perfect selfie. 3 his worst, he would cut a class three times an hour to take a selfie, eventually 4 (drop) out of school at age 16, at 5 point his health started to fall apart, because he would limit 6 to an apple and a bowl of rice a day in a bid to be thinner and improve his skin. He also didn’t leave his houses for six months due to being unsatisfied with how he looked. 7 (worry), his mother had to seek help, which eventually led to him being treated. He is believed 8 (be) Britain’s first case.
Selfie addiction is a phenomenon that increasing numbers of mental health experts are recognizing, ___9___ Danny’s case is particularly extreme. A doctor said it was a mental health problem, 10 which can lead to a serious consequence.
【答案】
【语篇解读】本文主要讲述了Danny Bowman自拍上瘾的故事。
1. spent 考查动词的时态。在此处，spent是该句的谓语动词，根据once(曾经)，用一般过去时。
2. anxiety 考查名词。句意：由于担心自己拍不出完美的自拍，他试图自杀。
3. At 考查短语。at one’s worst 意为＂在某人最糟糕的时候＂。句意：在他最糟糕的时候，他一小时三次逃课，去自拍。最终，在16岁时辍学。
7. Worried 考查形容词作状语。句意：他的母亲很担心他，不得不寻求帮助。
8. to be 考查词组。sb.be believed to be…意为＂某人被认为是……＂。
9. but 考查连词。句意：自拍上瘾这种现象正得到越来越多的心理专家的认可，不过丹尼是一个极其严重的病例。
10. one 考查代词作同位语。句意：这是一种心理健康问题，一种会引起严重后果的问题。
九、书面表达
假设你是李华，你在报上看到北京电视台今年二月将举办外国人“学中文，唱中文歌”才艺大赛。你的美国朋友Peter正在北京一所大学学中文，你觉得他应去试一试。请按以下要点给他写信告知此事，并表示可以提供帮助。
比赛时间：7月18日
报名时间：截止到6月30日
报名地点：北京电视台
注意：
1. 词数：100左右；
2. 可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；
3. 参考词汇：才艺表演 talent show
Dear Peter,
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
【参考范文】
Dear Peter,
How are you getting on? I write to tell you that there will be a talent show for foreigners who are learning Chinese in China. It is called Learning Chinese, Singing Chinese Songs and I’m sure it will give you a good chance to show your talent in Chinese. As far as I know, your Chinese is good enough. And please let me know if you need my help.
The contest will be held on July 18th, 2018 and there will be a live show on TV. The deadline of the entry time is June 30th, and the entry place is the Beijing Broadcast Station.
Good luck!
Yours,
Li Hua
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