“四校”2015—2016学年度高三第一次联考
英 语 试 题
注意事项：
1. 本试卷分第I卷(选择题)和第II卷(非选择题)两部分。
2. 答题前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号等填写在答题卷相应的位置。
3. 全部答案在答题卡和答题卷上完成，答在本试卷上无效。
4. 本试卷卷面总分为120分，考生最终成绩按总分135分进行折算，折算公式：最终成绩=卷面成绩(总分120分)×1.125，四舍五入取整数计分。
第I卷
第一部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C、和D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
During the cold winter days, there are some interesting festivals in the world. Look at the following ones.
Harbin Ice and Snow Festival
Place: China
Time: January 5 to February 5
People build incredible things out of ice and snow, decorating them with lights.
The Carnival of Venice
Place: Italy
Time: between February and March
One of the most beautiful festivals in the world, people wear masks and elaborate costumes to hide differences among classes, and there are contests for the best costumes.
Holi Festival
Place: India
Time: late February/ March, on the last full moon day
Hindus and Sikhs, in India, Nepal, and Sri Lanka celebrate the main day of this incredibly fun 16-day festival by throwing colored powder and water at each other.
Sundance Film Festival
Place: Utah, the US
Time: end of February
The largest independent film festival in the US. Watch both feature films and shorts. You need to buy a ticket.
1. Which of the following festivals can’t be celebrated at the end of February?
A. Sundance Film Festival. B. Harbin Ice and Snow Festival.
C. Holi Festival. D. The Carnival of Venice.
2. If you want to watch wonderful films, you may go to _______.
A. India B. China C. America D. Italy
3. If you go to Europe, which festival can you celebrate?
A. Sundance Film Festival B. Holi Festival
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C. The Carnival of Venice D. Harbin Ice and Snow Festival.
B
Thomas James Hanson will remember for a long time the snowstorm that hit the state of New York on November 22. The 47-year-old man from Niagara Falls was stuck in his car on the highway for almost eight days after his vehicle was accidentally pushed to the side of the road and covered with snow by workers employed to remove the snow from the streets.
Driving on the Interstate Highway 190 during the worst of the snowstorm, Mr. Hanson decided to pull over his old 1993 Volkswagen Passat to the side of the road and wait for the weather conditions to improve. He remained motionless for approximately five hours before a snow plow arrived to clear the way. Unfortunately for the poor man, the driver of the gigantic snow removal vehicle did not see the small car, pushing it into the ditch and covering it with more than 2 meters of snow.
Fortunately for the father of two children, the snow that was stacked over his vehicle was not very dense and allowed for enough fresh air to get through to enable him to survive. He was able to drink water that he obtained by melting snow with his lighter in an aluminum coffee cup, and he ate the few items of groceries he had bought before going home.
“If I had known I would be stuck for eight days, I would have bought more than a jar of dill pickles(咸菜), a bottle of ketchup and two sticks of beef jerky(牛肉干),” said the survivor with a smile.
Thomas Hanson had almost lost all hope of being rescued when his car was hit once again this morning by another snow plow, which revealed the poor man’s location.
4. What caused Thomas James Hanson to fall into the ditch according to the passage?
A. His drunk driving. B. The strong wind.
C. The slippery road. D. A snow removal vehicle.
5. It can be learned from the passage that _______.
A. Mr. Hanson had bought some food before the accident.
B. Mr. Hanson got rescued on November 22 eventually
C. Mr. Hanson had enough bottled water to drink in the car
D. Mr. Hanson was stuck in the car with his children.
6. Which of the following can best describe Thomas James Hanson?
A. Quick-minded. B. Hard-working. C. Humorous D. Careless
7. Which of the following would be the best title of the passage?
A. Heavy Snowstorm Caused Disaster to New York
B. Man Found Alive after Being Stuck 8 Days under Snow
C. Thomas James Hanson – a Black Sheep in the Snow
D. Wonderful Eight Days of Experience in the Snow
C
The Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) is a private research university in Cambridge, Massachusetts, founded in 1861 in response to the increasing industrialization of the United States. The institute stressed laboratory instruction in applied science and engineering. MIT’s early emphasis on applied technology at the undergraduate and graduate levels led to close cooperation with industry.
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Curricular reforms under Karl Compton and Vannevar Bush in the 1930s emphasized basic science. MIT was elected to the Association of American Universities in 1934. Today, the institute comprises various academic departments with a strong emphasis on scientific, engineering, and technological education and research.
MIT is one of the most selective higher learning institutions, and received 18,357 undergraduate applicants for the class of 2018 — only admitting 1,419, an acceptance rate of 7.73%.
MIT’s 168-acre campus spans approximately a mile of the north side of the Charles River basin in the city of Cambridge. The campus is divided roughly in half by Massachusetts Avenue, with most dormitories and student life facilities to the west and most academic buildings to the east. MIT’s on-campus nuclear reactor is one of the most powerful university-based nuclear reactors in the United States. In 1999 Bill Gates donated $20 million to MIT for the construction of computer laboratory named the “William H. Gates Building”. While Microsoft had previously given financial support to the institution, this was the first personal donation received from Gates. Other notable campus facilities include a pressurized wind tunnel and a towing tank for testing ship and ocean structure designs.
8. From the passage, we know MIT _______.
A. is a public research university in Cambridge, Massachusetts.
B. became a member of the Association of American Universities in 1934
C. was founded to improve the development of agriculture of the United States
D. at present puts emphasis on applied technology
9. If there are 30,000 undergraduates applying for admission to MIT, only about ______ of them will succeed.
A. 1,319 B. 2,319 C. 3,319 D. 4,319
10. On MIT’s campus, you can’t find _______.
A. Massachusetts Avenue B. a nuclear reactor
C. a pressurized wind tunnel D. the Charles River
11. The passage is written mainly to _______.
A. present Bill Gate’s contributions to MIT
B. encourage more students to apply to MIT
C. give a brief introduction of MIT
D. attract more visitors to Massachusetts
D
See a cellphone cover that you like on Taobao? Forget about placing an order, paying the bill online and waiting for days for it to be delivered to you. In the near future, you'll be able to get it in minutes just by hitting “print” on your computer.
You might find it hard to believe that you could actually “print” an object like you would a picture. But it is not that hard to understand how it would work. Just as a traditional printer sprays (喷) ink onto paper line by line, modern 3D printers spread material onto a surface layer by layer, from the bottom to the top, gradually building up a shape.
Instead of ink, the materials the 3D printer uses are mainly plastic, resin(树脂) and certain metals. The thinner each layer is—from a millimetre to less than
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the width of a hair—the smoother and finer the object will be.
This may sound like a completely new technology, but the truth is that 3D printing has been around since the late 1980s. Back then, it was barely affordable for most people, so few knew about it.
Last year, though, saw a big change in the 3D printing industry—printers became much cheaper. For example, 10 years ago a desktop 3D printer might have cost ￡20，000, while now they cost only about ￡1，000, according to the BBC.
Taken out of the factory and introduced to more diverse and common uses, 3D printing can create just about anything you can think of—flutes (笛子), bikinis, jewelry, aircraft parts and even human organs. In fact, scientists from Cornell University in New York have just made an artificial ear using a 3D printer, according to Science Daily. The fake ear looks and acts exactly like a natural one.
However, as 3D printing becomes more common, it may bring about certain problems—such as piracy. “Once you can download a coffee maker, or print out a new set of kitchen utensils (餐具) on your personal 3D printer, who will visit a retail (零售的) store again？” an expert in 3D printing told Forbes News. Even more frightening, what if anyone in the world could use a 3D printer to print out a fully functioning gun?
12. According to the article, in the future, the 3D printing technology will _______.
A. enable people to make better purchases online
B. change the way we make many products
C. be applied as widely in our daily life as computers
D. shorten the time it takes for people to get what they buy online
13. What happened in the 3D printing industry last year?
A. The 3D printing technology was taken out of the factory.
B. The 3D printing technology began to be used in various fields.
C. The 3D printer was used for medical treatment for the first time.
D. The 3D printer became more affordable for consumers.
14. How is the last paragraph developed?
A. By giving examples. B. By making comparisons.
C. By analyzing the cause and effect. D. By presenting research findings.
15. What is the best title of the passage?
A. Great Demand for 3D Printers B. Technology in the Future
C. Online Shopping Disappearing D. Printing out Everything
第二节 （共5小题，每小题2分，满分10分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。(注意：选E涂AB，选F涂CD，选G涂AC)
What do the world’s most successful people all have in common?
By examining the work habits of over 150 greatest writers and artists and scientists, the researchers including Standford Professor Jeffrey Pfeffer found that high achievers like Robert Moses turn out to be all alike:
Busy ! Busy!
16 In a study of general managers in industry, John Kotter reported that many of them worked 60 to 65 hours per week—which translates into at least six 10-hour
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days. The ability and willingness to work difficult and tiring hours has characterized many powerful figures. Energy and strength provide many advantages to those seeking to build power.
Just Say No!
The difference between successful people and very successful people is that very successful people say “no” to almost everything. And that’s what gives them the time to accomplish so much. 17 And focus means saying “no” to a lot of distractions(分神).
Know What You Are!
Ignore your weakness and keep improving your strengths. Don’t waste time exploring skill areas where you have little competence. Instead, focus on—and build on—your strengths. 18 .
Create Good Luck!
Luck is not magical—there is a science to it. Richard Wiseman studied lucky people for his book Luck Factor, and broke down what they do right. 19 By being more outgoing, open to new ideas, following the feeling that something is true, being optimistic, lucky people create possibilities.
Does applying these principles to your life actually work? Wiseman created a “luck school” to test the ideas—and it was a success. In total, 80 percent of people who attended Luck School said that their luck had increased. 20 .
A. Spend enough time to improve your weakness.
B. Achievement requires focus.
C. On average, these people reported that their luck had increased by more than 40 percent.
D. They never stop working and they never lose a minute.
E. Busy people are more likely to be lucky.
F. This means knowing who you are, what you are and what you are good at.
G. Certain personality types are luckier because they behave in a way that offer the chance for good opportunities.
第二部分 英语知识运用 （共两节，满分45分）
第一节 完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
The London Underground has been known as The Tube since 1890, when the first deep-level electric railway line was opened. It is the world’s oldest underground railway and the 21 of the system means there are regular weekend engineering repair work.
__22 in most people’s eyes, it is more than just a transport system. It is not __23 to see people reading thick books on the tube, 24 at the door during rush hour. But there is another way Londoners enjoy 25 on the underground, as poems are scattered around 26 , without a targeted group or a fixed topic.
The project of the poems has been running 27 since 1986 and achieved great success. Poems appear three times a year, six at a time, two of which are always written by living poets. American writer Judith Chernaik, editor and 28__ of Poems on the
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Underground, said the most of them are chosen randomly, either from great poets or from 29 enthusiasts of English poetry. These poems aim to bring poetry to 30 , and show a wide range of styles. They are classical or contemporary, domestic(国内的) or 31 , realistic or 32 .
Love or 33 poetry, this project “has proved to be an excellent way of __34__ poetry, with passengers often wanting to 35 more,” according to the government organization Transport for London. “This has led to the 36 of a series of Poems on the Underground books, which is now in its 11th edition.”
This new 37 contains poems that have been displayed in 38 over the years. The poems are 39 into sections such as love, music, nature, war, and loss. The Tube system has become quite the bastion (堡垒) of British 40 .
21. A. reputation B. age C. convenience D. application
22. A. Or B. And C. Yet D. So
23. A. normal B. common C. unusual D. ordinary
24. A. crowded B. difficult C. occupied D. regular
25. A. leisure B. books C. life D. literature
26. A. accordingly B. regularly C. randomly D. occasionally
27. A. rapidly B. smoothly C. simply D. faithfully
28. A. founder B. writer C. reader D. learner
29. A. unknown B. talented C. normal D. inspired
30. A. passers-by B. enthusiasts C. audiences D. passengers
31. A. modern B. homemade C. international D. significant
32. A. idealistic B. magical C. optimistic D. pessimistic
33. A. hate B. learn C. enjoy D. write
34. A. writing B. reciting C. learning D. introducing
35. A. compose B. recall C. play D. read
36. A. announcement B. statement C. publication D. organization
37. A. edition B. album C. product D. magazine
38. A. schools B. carriages C. streets D. communities
39 A. translated B. changed C. reserved D. classified
40. A. finance B. culture C. language D. communication
第II卷
第二部分 英语知识运用（共两节；满分55分）
第二节 (共10分；每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（不多于3个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。
A CCTV journalist succeeded in arousing a heated discussion among netizens by asking people whether they were happy. The responses to the question were various, even some quite funny ones 41 (include). Although people played jokes __42 the answers, it did not take long 43 they began to figure out the true meanings of happiness.
It is certain that people’s views on happiness 44 (affect) greatly by their own life experience. Unfortunately, too many people refer to being rich as happiness and there is no sign of 45 decrease in the number of those who are voluntarily
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at the mercy of wealth. Some people whose 46 (intend) is to make big money appreciate being given any chance to multiply their income, believing that is __47__ their happiness lies. Some are eager to inherit their parents’ property, especially those who 48 (be) known as silver-spoon kids. Even worse, some would rather break the law to satisfy their financial desire or seek their fortune __49__(legal).
In my opinion, happiness is not about pursuing wealth merely but about admiring the 50 (beauty) things in life. Therefore, live your life to the fullest and be happy.
第三部分 写作（共两节；满分35分）
第一节 短文改错 (共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分)
假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(Λ)，并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线(＼)划掉。
修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：
1．每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2．只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。
Bob is very sorry to have missed the first two lesson this morning. He got up early as usually in the morning, but when he was ready to leave he find his bicycle's front tyre (轮胎) flat. He wanted to take bus or taxi to school, and he didn't have any money with him. He had to look for a place along the street to get his bicycle repairing. Unluckily, there were not any bicycle repair shops was open in the early morning. So he had to walk to school, carrying his bicycle all the way. That was how he was late for school. He told Mr. White not to worry with his lessons, for he would make up for it and turn to teachers for help if necessary.
第二节 书面表达(满分25分)
假定你是李明，你的英国朋友Dave打算在他们学校英文报“Chinese Culture”栏目拟刊登介绍中国节日风俗的短文。请给英国朋友Dave写信，介绍中国传统节日：The MidAutumn Festival，要点如下：
1. 什么时候过中秋节?
2. 为什么过中秋节?
3. 如何过中秋节？
注意：
1. 词数100左右；
2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；
3. 开头语已为你写好。
参考词汇 农历：lunar calendar
Dear Dave,
I am so glad to introduce one of our important festivals to you. _____________
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____________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Ming “四校”2015—2016学年度高三第一次联考英语参考答案
第一部分 第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）
1-3 BCC 4-7 DACB 8-11 BBDC 12-15 BDAD
第一部分 第二节 （共5小题，每小题2分，满分10分）
16-20 DBFGC
第二部分 第一节 完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）
21-25 BCCAD 26-30 CBAAD 31-35 CAADD 36-40 CABDB
第二部分 第二节 (共10分；每小题1.5分，满分15分)
41. included 42. on 43. before 44. are affected 45. a
46. intention 47. where 48. are 49. illegally 50. beautiful
第三部分 第一节 短文改错 (共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分)
Bob is very sorry to have missed the first two lesson this morning. He got up early as
lessons
usually in the morning, but when he was ready to leave he find his bicycle's front tyre (轮胎)
usual found
flat. He wanted to take∧bus or taxi to school, and he didn't have any money with him. He had to
a but
look for a place along the street to get his bicycle repairing. Unluckily, there were not any
＼
repaired
bicycle repair shops was open in the early morning. So he had to walk to school, carrying his
bicycle all the way. That was how he was late for school. He told Mr. White not to worry with
why about
his lessons, for he would make up for it and turn to teachers for help if necessary.
them
第三部分 第二节 书面表达(满分25分)
Dear Dave,
I am so glad to introduce one of our important festivals to you.
The MidAutumn Festival falls on the 15th of the eighth month of our Chinese lunar calendar. As one of the traditional Chinese festivals, it has been enjoying great popularity in our country. Traditionally, no matter how far away or how busy we are, we will try to come home for the celebration. The moon on the night looks the brightest in the whole lunar month. What we love most is the time when we enjoy the full moon together. With the beautiful moon up in the sky, we sit together and eat moon cakes and fruit, singing, dancing and sharing our stories．
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In addition to these traditional activities, now we have a wider range of choices, such as traveling and visiting our relatives or friends.
If you want to understand more about our culture, welcome to my hometown.
Yours,
Li Ming
第三部分 第二节 书面表达评分标准
一、评分原则
1. 本题总分为25分，按5个档次给分。
2. 评分时，先根据文章的内容和语言初步确定其所属档次，然后以该档次的要求来衡量，确定或调整档次，最后给分。
3. 词数少于 80和多于 120的，从总分中减去2分。
4. 评分时应注意的主要内容为：内容要点、应用词汇和语法结构的丰富性和准确性及上下文的连贯性。
5. 拼写与标点符号是语言准确性的一个方面，评分时，应视其对交际的影响程度予以考虑。英、美拼写及词汇用法均可接受。
6. 如书写较差以至影响交际，将其分数降低一个档次。
二、内容要点
1. 什么时候过中秋节?
2. 为什么过中秋节?
3. 如何过中秋节？
三、各档次的给分范围和要求
第五档 (21-25分)
完全完成了试题规定的任务。
― 覆盖所有内容要点。
― 应用了较多的语法结构和词汇。
― 语法结构或词汇方面有些许错误，但为尽力使用较复杂结构或较高级词汇所致。
― 有效地使用了语句间的连接成分，使全文结构紧凑。
完全达到了预期的写作目的。
第四档 (16-20分)
完成了试题规定的任务。
― 虽漏掉个两个次重点，但覆盖所有主要内容。
― 应用的语法结构和词汇能满足任务的要求。
― 语法结构或词汇方面应用基本准确，些许错误主要是因尝试较复杂语法结构或词汇所致。
― 应用简单的语句间连接成分，使全文结构紧凑。
达到了预期的写作目的。
第三档 (11-15分)
基本完成了试题规定的任务。
― 虽漏掉一些内容，但覆盖所有主要内容 。
― 应用的语法结构和词汇能满足任务的要求。
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― 有一些语法结构或词汇方面的错误，但不影响理解。
― 应用简单的语句间的连接成分，使全文内容连贯。
整体而言，基本达到了预期的写作目的。
第二档(6-10分)
未恰当完成试题规定的任务。
― 漏掉或未描述清楚一些主要内容，写了一些无关内容。
― 语法结构单调，词汇知识有限。
― 有一些语法结构或词汇方面的错误，影响了对写作内容的理解。
― 较少使用语句间连接成分，内容缺少连贯性。
信息未能清楚地传达给读者。
第一档(1-5分)
未完成试题规定的任务。
― 明显遗漏主要内容，写了一些无关内容，原因可能是未理解试题要求。
― 语法结构单调，词汇知识有限。
― 较多语法结构或词汇方面的错误，影响对写作内容的理解。
― 缺乏语句间的连接成分，内容不连贯。
信息未能传达给读者。
0分
未能传达给读者任何信息：内容太少，无法评判；所写内容均与所要求内容无关或所写内容无法看清。
部分解析
第一部分 阅读理解
A
本文是应用文，介绍了冬季的一些有趣的节日。
1. B【命题意图】：考查细节理解
【解题思路】：由文章Harbin Ice and Snow Festival 部分可知哈尔滨冰雪节的庆祝时间是“January 5 to February 5”, 不能在二月底庆祝。
2. C【命题意图】：考查细节理解
【解题思路】：由Sundance Film Festival部分的“The largest independent film festival in the US. Watch both feature films and shorts. You need to buy a ticket.”可知答案为C。
3. C 【命题意图】：考查细节理解
【解题思路】：The Carnival of Venice 是意大利的节日，故去欧洲可
以参加威尼斯狂欢节。
B
本文为记叙文。Thomas James Hanson 在一个大雪天把车停到路边，却被铲雪车推到了沟里，险些丧命，几天后他才得救。
4. D 【命题意图】：考查细节理解
【解题思路】：由第一段中的“after his vehicle was accidentally pushed to the side of the road and covered with snow by workers employed to remove the snow from the streets” 及第二段中的“the driver of…the ditch” 可知答案。
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5. A【命题意图】：考查细节理解
【解题思路】：由文章第三段最后一句的“and he ate the few items of groceries he had bought before going home”可以得出答案。
6. C 【命题意图】：考查推理判断
【解题思路】：由文章倒数第二段中的“If I had known I would be stuck for eight days, I would have bought more than a jar of dill pickles(咸菜), a bottle of ketchup and two sticks of beef jerky(牛肉干)”可知答案。
7. B 【命题意图】：考查标题判断
【解题思路】：结合全文尤其是第一段的第二句可知D选项最能概括全文意思。
C
本文主要是对麻省理工学院的概述，简单介绍了其发展及校园概貌。
8. B 【命题意图】：考查细节理解
【解题思路】：由第一段中的“ MIT was elected to the Association of American Universities in 1934” 可知答案。
9. B 【命题意图】：考查推理判断
【解题思路】：由第二段中的“ an acceptance rate of 7.73%”可知答案，故列式为30000×7.73%＝2319。
10. A 【命题意图】：考查细节理解
【解题思路】：由最后一段第一句“MIT’s 168-acre campus spans approximately a mile of the north side of the Charles River basin in the city of Cambridge”可知这条河不在麻省理工学院内。
11. C 【命题意图】：考查写作意图
【解题思路】：全文都在客观介绍麻省理工学院，故作者写此文的目的就是介绍该学校。
D
本文介绍了3D打印机的使用材料和工作原理等，它在未来的广泛使用能够改变人们的生活，同时也会产生盗版行为等问题。
12．B 【命题意图】：考查细节理解
【解题思路】：根据文章第二段中“Just as a traditional printer sprays (喷) ink onto paper line by line, modern 3D printers spread material onto a surface layer by layer, from the bottom to the top, gradually building up a shape.”可知，未来的3D打印机会改变我们生产很多产品的方式。
13．D 【命题意图】：考查细节理解
【解题思路】：根据文章第五段“Last year, though, saw a big change in the 3D printing industry—printers became much cheaper.For example, 10 years ago a desktop 3D printer might have cost ￡20，000, while now they cost only about ￡ 1，000, according to the BBC.”可知，去年3D打印机变得很便宜了。
14．A 【命题意图】：考查篇章结构
【解题思路】：根据最后一段中such as piracy和专家所说的话可知，本段使用了举例说明的方法。
15．D 【命题意图】：考查主旨大意
【解题思路】：本文主要讲述了3D打印机在未来的广泛使用能够改变人们的生活。
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