高考英语之短文改错全攻略
通过认真研读2016-2018年全国新课标卷的短文改错部分，笔者总结了关于此题型的9个考点，分别为动词、名词、形容词/副词、介词、关系词、连词、冠词、代词、词性误用，在下面的篇幅中，笔者会针对这9个考点逐一进行深入分析，帮助广大考生更好地理解和掌握此类题型。
（一） 动词
1. 时态混用
I find a big change there.（2018全国卷一）
I didn’t realize how right my parents are until I entered high school. （2018全国卷二）
When summer came, they will invite their students to pick the vegetables.（2017全国卷一）
解题策略：如果各位考生发现动词时态用错了，那么下一步就是有哪些方法可以帮助我们把动词的时态改对。1. 如果所改的动词出现在复合句中，那么我们可以根据该句的主句或从句里的动词时态，把相应的用错时态的动词改成正确的时态。2. 如果所改的动词出现在并列句中，那么可以根据并列句中的另一动词做出相应改动。3. 考生有时候也可以根据具体语境判断动词该用何种时态，从而做出相应改动。
2.主谓不一致
At that moment, I remembered that my father once said, "The classroom is a place for learning and that include leaning from textbooks, and mistake as well." （2018全国卷三）
解题策略：考生要关注的是句子的主语和句子的谓语在形式或意义上是否保持了一致，即复-复，单-单，通过大量训练，考生对此类错误的分辨率会大幅度提高。
小试身手：1. Then I saw a yellow car drive up Third Street and made a right turn into Park Road．
2. At first it is low but gradually it become louder and louder.
（一） 名词
Last winter when I went here again, they had a big separate house to raise dozens of chicken. （2018全国卷一）
After supper, we would play card games of all sort in the
sitting room. （2018全国卷二）
At that moment, I remembered that my father once said, "The classroom is a place for learning and that include learning from textbooks, and mistake as well." （2018全国卷三）
The teenage year from 13 to 19 were the most difficult time
for me. （2016全国卷三）
解题策略：解答此类题关键在于广大考生能够准确快速地找出所改句子中存在单复数问题的名词，这就需要广大考生在平时的英语学习中多注意积累名词的单复数变形，特别是一些不规则的变形。
小试身手：She also thinks it is bad for my eye.
（三）形容词/副词
1. 副词代替正确形容词
I felt happily that their life had improved. （2018全国卷一）
It was a relief and I came to a suddenly stop just in the middle of the road. （2017全国卷一）
2．形容词代替正确副词
Immediate, I raised my hand.（2018全国卷三）
解题策略：解答此类题关键在于正确判断所改形容词或副词在句中所做何种成分，从而选择正确的形式。
小试身手：She holds the view that senior three students have to make fully use of every minute to work hard at their lessons.
（四）介词
1. 介词错用
Still I unwilling to play the games for them sometimes. （2018全国卷二）
It was a relief and I came to a sudden stop just in the middle on the road.
（2017全国卷一）
2. 介词遗漏
Some of us were confident and eager take part in the class activity, others were nervous and anxious. （2018全国卷三）
When summer comes, they will invite their students pick the vegetables. （2017全国卷三）
3.介词多余
At the end of our trip, I told my father that I planned to return for every two years, but he agreed. （2018全国卷一）
As the kid, I loved to watch cartoons, but no matter how many times I asked to watching them, my parents would not to let me. （2018全国卷二）
When I look at this picture of myself, I realize of how fast time flies. （2017全国卷三）
解题策略：考生们平时要牢记介词与一些动词，名词短语的固定搭配，当面对这种类型的错误时，可以练成火眼金睛，所以要靠考生们平时的积累。
小试身手：1. It was 7:15 in the morning of February 8, 2007．
2. Li Ming came see me every day.
3. Day by day I learned from many useful words and expressions.
（五）关系词
They also had a small pond which they raised fish.（2018全国卷一）
The games my parents taught me where I was a child turned out to be very useful later in my life. （2018全国卷二）
My uncle is the owner of a restaurant close to that I live. （2016全
国卷一）
解题策略：解答此类题，首先要求考生能够正确分析句子成分，
从而判断所改句子属于哪类从句，其次，根据从句所缺失的成分选择正确的关系词，另外，也要注意一些关系词的特殊用法。通过以上步骤，考生可以从容解答此类错题。
小试身手：Some day I happened to find a chatting room in my QQ,
there people were chatting in English
（六）连词
At the end of our trip, I told my father that I planned to return for every two years, but he agreed. （2018全国卷一）
Everyone was silent, wait to see who would be called upon to read his and her paragraph aloud. （2018全国卷三）
解题策略：考生要能够准确判断连词所连接的前后两个句子语义上是转折，并列，还是因果等，这是解答此类错题的关键所在。
小试身手：Last year I was ill but had to stay in hospital for a week.
（七）冠词
1. 冠词遗漏
During my last winter holiday, I went to countryside with my father to visit my grandparents. （2018全国卷一）
I still remember how hard first day was.（2017全国卷一）
2. 冠词多余
At the first, I thought I knew everything and could make decisions by myself.（2016全国卷三）
3. 冠词错用
As the kid, I loved to watch cartoons, but no matter how many times I asked to watching them, my parents would not to let me. （2018全国卷二）
解题策略：解答此类题关键在于广大考生平时要多注意积累和冠词有关的固定搭配，只有这样才能从容面对此类题目。
小试身手：1. I noticed the driver was young woman wearing a
pair of glasses and the plate number was AC864．
2. In a fact, I think chemistry has always been one of the subjects that I enjoy most.
3. I am an university student.
（八）代词
The first time I went there, they were living in a small house with dogs,
ducks, and another animals. （2018全国卷一）
They would say to us that playing card games would help my brain. （2018全国卷二）
I had done myself homework, but I was shy. （2018全国卷三）
解题策略：解答此类题，关键在于广大考生要牢固掌握代词的相关用法，如主宾格的相互转换，形容词性和名词性物主代词的相互转换等等。
小试身手：Finally, I should be able to tell visitors about our history and culture and show them their great achievements.
（九）词性误用
My uncle tells me that the key to his success is honest.（2016全国卷一）
解题策略：解答此类错题，要求考生能够分析所改单词在句子中做何种成分，然后再将此单词改成正确的形式。
小试身手：To my surprised, I found the oral English of some junior students was better than mine.
小试身手标准答案：
（一）1. made-make 2. become-becomes
（二）eye-eyes
（三）fully-full
（四）1. in-on 2. came后加to 3. 省略from
（五）there-where
（六）but-and
（七）1. was后加a 2. 省略a 3. an-a
（八）their-our
（九）surprised-surprise
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