高考英语二轮名词性从句专题练习(有解析)
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名词性从句 ‎1【2014·北京卷】 The best moment for the football star was ________ he scored the winning goal.‎ A.where B.when C.how D.why ‎【答案】B 考查名词性从句(表语从句) 。根据题干前半部分中的moment一词推断,后面应该说的是“……的时候”,所以本题选B。‎ ‎2【2014·北京卷】 Some people believe ________has happened before or is happening now will repeat itself in the future.‎ A.whatever B.whenever C.wherever D.however ‎【答案】A 考查名词性从句(宾语从句)。句意:一些人相信过去发生或现在正发生的事情,将来仍然会重复。宾语从句中缺少主语,并且指的是事件,所以选A。‎ ‎3 【2014·全国大纲卷】 Exactly ________ the potato was introduced into Europe is uncertain, but it was probably around 1565.‎ A. whether B. why C. when D. how ‎【答案】C 考查主语从句的连接词。句意:准确地说,土豆是什么时候被引进欧洲的还不确定,但可能是在1565年左右。此处when引导主语从句并在从句中作状语。‎ ‎4【2014·福建卷】 Pick yourself up. Courage is doing ________ you're afraid to do.‎ A.that B.what C.how D.whether ‎【答案】B  考查名词性从句。句意:振作起来。勇气就是做你害怕去做的事。分析句子结构可知,此处doing后接宾语从句,而从句中do的后面缺少宾语,故选择B项。‎ ‎5 【2014·湖南卷】 As John Lennon once said,life is ________ happens to you while you are busy making other plans.‎ A. which B. that C. what D. where ‎【答案】 C 考查名词性从句。句意:正如约翰·列侬曾经说的那样,生活就是当你忙于制订其他计划时所发生在你身上的事情。引导词既要引导表语从句,又要在从句中作主语。故用what。‎ ‎6【2014·江苏卷】 —What a mess! You are always so lazy!‎ ‎—I'm not to blame, Mum. I am ________ you have made me.‎ 10‎ A.how B.what C.that D.who ‎【答案】B  考查表语从句引导词的用法。句意:“多么混乱啊!你总是这么懒!”“我不应当受到责备,妈妈,都是你让我变成这个样子的。”分析句子结构后可知,“________ you have made me”是表语从句,从句中make缺少间接宾语,故用what引导。‎ ‎7【2014·山东卷】 It is difficult for us to imagine________ life was like for slaves in the ancient world.‎ A.where B.what C.which D.why ‎【答案】B 考查名词性从句。句意:对我们来说很难想象在古代奴隶的生活是什么样子的。________ life was like for slaves in the ancient world是宾语从句,作imagine的宾语,在宾语从句中,like后缺少成分,故用what。‎ ‎8 【2014·陕西卷】 ________ the delayed flight will take off depends much on the weather.‎ A. Why B. When C. That D. What ‎【答案】B 考查名词性从句。句意:延误了的航班何时起飞主要取决于天气。所填词引导主语从句,在从句中作时间状语,用when,故选B。‎ ‎9【2014·四川卷】 Grandma pointed to the hospital and said, “That's ________ I was born.”‎ A.when B.how C.why D.where ‎【答案】D 考查名词性从句。此处考查的是名词性从句中的表语从句,根据语境可知选D项。句意:奶奶指着那个医院说:“那就是我出生的地方。”‎ ‎10【2014·天津卷】 I think ________ impresses me about his painting is the colours he uses.‎ A. what B. that C. which D. who ‎【答案】A 考查名词性从句。句意:我认为他的绘画给我留下深刻印象的是他使用的颜色。分析句子结构可知,I think后是宾语从句,从句中谓语动词是is,其前面是主语从句。从句中谓语动词impresses前又缺主语,需用what引导。‎ ‎11【2014·浙江卷】 “Every time you eat a sweet,drink green tea.” This is ________ my mother used to tell me.‎ A.what B.how C.that D.whether 10‎ ‎【答案】A 考查名词性从句。句意:母亲过去常常告诉我:“每次吃糖的时候,要喝点儿绿茶。”此处是由what引导的表语从句,因为表语从句中缺少tell的间接宾语,所以用what引导,选A 项。‎ ‎12 【2014·重庆卷】 —Is it true that Mike refused an offer from Yale University yesterday?‎ ‎—Yeah, but I have no idea ________ he did it; that's one of his favourite universities.‎ A. when B. why C. that D. how ‎【答案】B 考查同位语从句的用法。此题易误选C,但后句对Mike拒绝耶鲁大学的录取意愿感到意外,因为耶鲁大学是Mike最喜欢的大学之一,因此回答者对Mike放弃耶鲁大学感到不可思议。若用that仅表示不知道此事,但事实上已经知道。故选B。‎ ‎ 主语从句 ‎1.【2013·天津】 ________I want to tell you is the deep love and respect I have for my parents.‎ A.That    B.Which C.Whether D.What ‎【解析】 句意为:我想告诉你的是我对父母深深的爱和尊重。本题考查主语从句。“________I want to tell you”为主语从句,该从句中缺少宾语,故选D项。‎ ‎【答案】 D ‎2.【2013·江西】________one of you breaks the window will have to pay for it.‎ A.Whoever B.Whatever C.Whichever D.Wherever ‎【解析】 句意为:你们之中不管是谁打破了窗户,都要赔偿。本题考查名词性从句。空格处的引导词引导的是主语从句,引导词修饰限制后面的one,且表示在限定范围(you)中的任何一个,故选C项。‎ ‎【答案】 C ‎3.【2013·陕西】It remains to be seen________the newly formed committee’s policy can be put into practice.‎ A.that B.which C.what D.whether ‎【解析】 句意为:新组成的委员会制定的政策是否能实施还有待观察。考查名词性从句。题干中it是形式主语,空格处引导主语从句,whether符合句意。‎ ‎【答案】 D 10‎ ‎ 表语从句 ‎4.【2013·安徽】From space,the earth looks blue.This is________about seventyone percent of its surface is covered by water.‎ A.why B.how C.because D.whether ‎【解析】 句意为:从太空看,地球是蓝色的。这是因为地球大约71%的表面都被水覆盖着。本题考查表语从句。A.为什么;B.怎么样;C.因为;D.是否。根据句意应选C。‎ ‎【答案】 C ‎5.【2011·山东】I’m afraid he’s more of a talker than a doer,which is________he never finishes anything.‎ A.that B.when C.where D.why ‎【解析】 考查表语从句。很显然,前文所说的(他是一个空谈家而不是一个实干家)是下文(他一事无成)的原因,由此可知应该选why。‎ ‎【答案】 D ‎ 宾语从句 ‎6.【2013·湖南】Do not let any failures discourage you,for you can never tell________close you may be to victory.‎ A.how B.that C.which D.where ‎【解析】 句意为:不要因失败而泄气,因为你永远也不会知道成功可能离你有多近。本题考查宾语从句。“________close you may be to victory”为宾语从句,设空处后close为形容词,故选how。‎ ‎【答案】 A ‎7.【2013·北京】Experts believe________people can waste less food by shopping only when it is necessary.‎ A.why B.where C.that D.what ‎【解析】 句意为:专家认为人们可以通过只有需要(食物)时才购物这一方法来减少食物的浪费。本题考查宾语从句。空格处引导的宾语从句的结构和意思都很完整,故选C项。‎ ‎【答案】 C ‎8.【2013·新课标卷Ⅰ)Police have found________appears to be the lost ancient statue.‎ 10‎ A.which B.where C.how D.what ‎【解析】 句意为:警方发现了看起来像那件丢失的古代雕像的东西。本题考查宾语从句。“________appears...”为宾语从句,该从句缺少主语且表示“物”,故用what引导。‎ ‎【答案】 D ‎ 同位语从句 ‎9.【2013·浙江】The only way to succeed at the highest level is to have total belief ________you are better than anyone else on the sports field.‎ A.how B.that C.which D.whether ‎【解析】 分析句子结构可以看出,主句主语为way,后面的不定式to succeed at the highest level为其定语,系动词是is,后面的不定式结构为表语。________you are better than...为belief的同位语从句,从句为“主+系+表”结构,成分完整,故用起连接作用的that。‎ ‎【答案】 B ‎10.【2012·重庆】Evidence has been found through years of study________children’s early sleeping problems are likely to continue when they grow up.‎ A.why B.how C.whether D.that ‎【解析】 考查同位语从句。分析句子结构可知,空格后面的部分是解释说明 evidence 的内容,是evidence 的同位语从句,引导词在从句中不作任何成分,故选连词that。‎ ‎【答案】 D ‎11.【2011·辽宁】When the news came________the war broke out,he decided to serve in the army.‎ A.since B.which C.that D.because ‎【解析】 考查同位语从句。句意为:当战争爆发的消息传来时,他决定去部队服役。此处的“the war broke out”解释说明the news的具体内容,且从句中不缺少成分,故为同位语从句,用that连接。‎ ‎【答案】 C 10‎ ‎1.名词性从句中引导词的判断与选择是考生的易错点,要掌握每个引导词的基本用法及其在从句中的作用。‎ ‎2.同位语从句和定语从句的区别要从以下两个方面来备考:‎ ‎(1)抓住同位语从句的特征:用于同位语从句的名词通常有hope,fact,truth,belief,news,idea等抽象名词。‎ ‎(2)that在同位语从句中不作任何语法成分;在定语从句中作主语或宾语。‎ 一、主语从句 主语从句在复合句中作主句的主语,引导主语从句的词有that,whether,who,what,which,whoever,whatever,whichever,when,where,why,how等。‎ ‎【2012·山东高考】It doesn’t matter whether you pay by cash or credit card in this store.‎ 在这个商店中用现金或信用卡支付都可以。‎ ‎【2012·江西高考】It suddenly occurred to him that he had left his keys in the office.他忽然想起把钥匙忘在办公室了。‎ ‎【2013·重庆高考】What struck me most in the movie was the father’s deep love for his son.‎ 影片中最打动我的是父亲对他儿子深厚的爱。‎ That Putin visited China led to the closer relationship between the two countries.(that不作任何成分)‎ 普京访问中国让两国之间的关系更加密切。‎ 二、同位语从句 ‎1.同位语从句常放在fact,news,idea,truth,hope,problem,information,belief,thought,doubt等名词的后面,是对前面的名词作进一步的解释,说明前面名词的具体的含义。‎ ‎【2012·浙江】I made a promise to myself that this year,my first year in high school,would be different.(that引导promise的同位语从句)‎ 我给自己做出承诺:今年,是我上高中的第一年,将会与以往不同。‎ ‎2.同位语从句与定语从句的区别 10‎ 同位语从句是对前面名词的内容作进一步的解释、说明,引导词that只起引导作用,不在句中作任何成分,一般不可省略。定语从句是对前面名词进行修饰、限制,引导词在句中作一定的句子成分。‎ The news that they had won the game soon spread over the whole school.‎ 他们赢得比赛的消息很快就传遍了整个学校。(此句为同位语从句,进一步解释“the news”的内容)‎ The news you told me yesterday was really disappointing.‎ 你昨天告诉我的消息真的很令人失望。(此句是定语从句,它指的是“你昨天告诉我的那个消息”)‎ ‎3.名词性从句的引导词that与what的区别 引导词 句法功能 省略情况 that 不作任何句子成分 引导宾语从句有时可以省略 what 主语、宾语、表语、定语 不能省略 ‎【2012·全国卷Ⅰ)It is by no means clear what the president can do to end the strike.‎ 总统会采取什么措施来结束这次罢工还不清楚。‎ ‎【2013·山东】It’s good to know that the dogs will be well cared for while we’re away.‎ 得知在我们离开期间这些狗会得到很好的照顾,这太好了。‎ ‎【2013·北京】What makes the book so extraordinary is the creative imagination of the writer.‎ 让这本书不同寻常的是作者创造性的想象力。‎ 三、whether与if的区别 只能用whether,不能用if的情况:‎ ‎(1)在主语从句、表语从句、介词之后的宾语从句及同位语从句中;‎ ‎(2)后面直接跟动词不定式;‎ ‎(3)与or not连用;‎ ‎(4)引导让步状语从句时。‎ ‎【2012·湖南】Everyone in the village is very friendly.It doesn’t matter whether you have lived there for a short or a long time.(此句为主语从句,故只能使用whether)‎ 这个村子里的每个人都很友好。不管你在那里住的时间长或短都没关系。‎ 10‎ 四、“疑问词+ever”引导的名词性从句与“no matter+疑问词”引导的状语从句的区别 ‎1.“疑问词+ever”可引导名词性从句,在主从句中要充当一定的成分。‎ ‎2.“疑问词+ever”还可以引导让步状语从句。‎ ‎3.“no matter+疑问词”只能引导让步状语从句。‎ ‎【2012·陕西】As many as five courses are provided,and you are free to choose whichever suits you best.(宾语从句)‎ 提供了多达五门的课程,你可以任意选择最适合你的一门。‎ However/No matter how interesting the film is,I won’t waste any time on it.无论这部电影多么有趣,我都不会在这方面浪费时间。‎ ‎1.【2014·日照模拟】—What has made John look like lacking sleep?‎ ‎—________he had to prepare for the coming exam and stayed up last night.‎ A.For B.Because C.That D.What ‎【解析】C考查名词性从句。分析句子结构可知,答语是回答上面句子中的主语“What”的,故此句是一个主语从句,缺少引导词,而引导词在从句中不充当成分,故用“That”。‎ ‎2.【2014·日照模拟】The government should consider________ people and the environment will be affected before they make decisions.‎ A.whether   B.which C.where    D.what ‎【解析】A考查名词性从句。句意为:政府应该在作决定前考虑是否会对人和环境造成影响。根据句意,此处应该用whether,表示“是否”。‎ ‎3.【2014·四川省都江堰市第二次诊断】—Jack failed the driving test again.‎ ‎—The question is________we can help him avoid making the same mistake.‎ A.why B.how C.what D.that ‎【解析】B考查表语从句。句意为:——杰克又没通过驾驶考试。——问题是我们如何能够帮助他避免犯同样的错误。根据语境并分析句子成分可知,空处引导表语从句,并在从句中作方式状语,故应选B。‎ ‎4.【2014·石家庄市高三模拟】After a day’s exhausting climb we arrived at ________we had been told was “Garden in the Air”.‎ A.what    B.which C.that D.where 10‎ ‎【解析】 A 考查宾语从句。句意为:经过一天筋疲力尽的攀登,我们到达了被告知是“空中花园”的那个地方。此处为what引导宾语从句,作arrived at的宾语。‎ ‎5.【2014·大连双基测试】—When choosing furniture,you only focus on function while I think more about the design.‎ ‎—That’s________we differ.‎ A.how B.what C.which D.where ‎【解析】 D考查表语从句。句意为:——选家具的时候,你只关注功能而我却更多地考虑它的设计。——那就是我们不同的地方。根据句意可知应选D,where在表语从句中作地点状语。‎ ‎6.【2014·河南豫北三校高三下学期联合考试】________is well known to everyone,I should say,is that a man becomes learned by asking questions.‎ A.Who B.It C.As D.What ‎【解析】 D考查名词性从句。句意为:我应该说,众所周知要长学问,就得多问。句中的I should say是插入语,因此空处应填引导主语从句的连词What。‎ ‎7.【2014·江西南昌二模】It hasn’t been made clear________the new underground line is to be open to traffic.‎ A.when   B.that C.what    D.where ‎【解析】  A考查名词性从句。句意为:新的地铁线路何时开放还不清楚。句中it是形式主语,空处引导的是主语从句。根据句意可知选when。‎ ‎8.【2014·河南豫西五校教学质量检测】The notice came around two o’clock in the afternoon________the meeting would be put off.‎ A.when B.that C.whether   D.how ‎【解析】 考查同位语从句。句意为:下午两点左右传来会议将会被推迟的通知。that引导同位语从句,解释说明The notice的具体内容。‎ ‎【答案】 B ‎9.【2013·厦门三校联考】It is not important ________ other people think about you but ________you can stick to your own way.‎ A.that;whether B.what;what C.what;whether D.how;that 10‎ ‎【解析】C 考查名词性从句。句意为:他人对你的看法是不重要的,你是否能坚持自己的道路才是重要的。结合句意和句子结构可知,It是形式主语,第一空用what,第二空用whether引导主语从句。‎ ‎10.【2014·福建省普通高中质量检查】—I wonder________so many people are crazy about Gangnam Style.‎ ‎—It’s good for bodybuilding,and it brings people a lot of fun,you know.‎ A.how    B.where C.why    D.that ‎【解析】C考查宾语从句。句意为:——我想知道为什么这么多人热衷于《江南Style》。——你知道,它有利于健身,而且给人们带来了很多乐趣。根据句意可知,应用why引导宾语从句。‎ 10‎

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