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绝密★启用前
2015-2016学年度重庆育才高一（下）4月考卷
英语试卷
考试范围：xxx；考试时间：100分钟；命题人：xxx
学校：___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________
注意事项：
1. 答题前填写好自己的姓名、班级、考号等信息
2. 请将答案正确填写在答题卡上
分卷I
分卷I 注释
一、 选择题（注释）
1.Cultural exchange ________ better understanding.
A．makes forB．looks forC．takes forD．sends for
2.There are many famous cultural relics in our country, many _______ thousands of years ago.
A．dating back to B．date back to
C．dated back to D．were dated back to
3.This raises questions of cultural relics protection which _____________ to be debated publicly.
A．deserve B．intend C．devote D．fancy
4.When we sleep is _________cultural as biological-and practices differ greatly round the globe.
A．that much B．so much C．too much D．as much
5. ---Does China have cultural relics
--- Yes, it is admitted that many cultural relics in the world, such as the Great Wall, the Potala Palace, the Magao Caves and so on, ______ China.
A．belongs to B．are belonging to C．belonged to D．belong to
6.The number of college graduates in a country _____ its cultural standard nowadays.
A．reflects B．reflect C．are reflecting D．have reflected
7. As birthplace of Huaxia civilization，Xi’ an is city with a long history and abundant cultural relics.
A．the；a B．a；a C．/;a D．the；／
8. Her work was______by her boss.
A．high thought B．thought of
C．good thought D．well thought of
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9.Cultural exchange ______ better understanding between people in different countries.
A．allows forB．calls forC．makes forD．goes for
10.Cultural exchange __________ better understanding.
A．make use ofB．make forC．make upD．make into
11. John couldn’t take part in the activity held at the cultural center yesterday for _____ reasons.
A．series ofB．all kindsC．the number ofD．a variety of
12. Zhusuan． Chinese traditional calculating method，has been listed as UNESCO World Intangible Cultural Heritage.
A．a：a B．the；the C．the；a D．a：the
13. There are many famous cultural relics in our country, many _______ thousands of years ago.
A．dating back to
B．date back to
C．dated back to
D．were dated back to
14.Mothers love children, which is a(n) _______fact in spite of cultural differences.
A．artificial B．foolishC．universalD．amazing
15. As ________ birthplace of Huaxia civilization, Xi’an is ________ city with a long history and abundant cultural relics.
A．the; a B．a; aC．/; a D．the; /
分卷II
分卷II 注释
二、 注释（完形填空）
16. Cultural differences occur wherever you go. When visiting another country, you should be aware of those differences and _______ them. Here are some _______ on how to fit in.
Every traveler to a foreign country feels _______ at some point. What you do can make locals laugh. Your best defense is a sense of _______. If you can laugh off eating with the wrong hand in India, locals will warm to you as “that crazy foreigner.”
Wearing proper cloths is important too, _______ locals will judge by what you wear. In some Middle Eastern countries, exposing your flesh is _______, especially if you are a woman. So leave your torn jeans at home.
Also be cautious about expressing _______. Getting angry in Southeast Asia just makes you look silly. In some countries it is _______ to kiss in public.
【小题1】A．rejectB．reciteC．respectD．remove 【小题2】A．plansB．tipsC．argumentsD．choices 【小题3】A．unsafeB．excitedC．satisfiedD．awkward 【小题4】A．reliefB．belongingC．humorD．direction 【小题5】A．butB．forC．soD．or 【小题6】A．forbiddenB．allowedC．expectedD．tolerated 【小题7】A．emotionsB．concernC．interestD．views 【小题8】A．naturalB．advisableC．unwiseD．unnecessary
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三、 注释（阅读理解）
17. 阅读下列应用文及相关信息，并按照要求匹配信息。
A. Beijing Highlights
Luxury : 4 Days $269 Up
Standard : 4 Days $249 Up
Super Deluxe : 4 Days $519 Up
Budget : 5 Days $189 Up
Beijing boasting a history of over a thousand years is rich in cultural relics. Our four-day itinerary will take you to the most popular sites around the city. You will see the magnificent Great Wall; sacred Tiananmmen Square; majestic Forbidden City as well as the verdant gardens of the Summer Palace.
B. Beijing Hutong Tour
Luxury & Standard : 5 Days $299 Up
Super Deluxe : 5 Days $669 Up
Budget : 6 Days $239 Up
Beijing, one of the six ancient capital cities of China still has a rich history, and a diverse and colorful culture. Take a special rickshaw ride through an old Hutong neighborhood to experience the different life styles of Beijing residents. A visit to the Lama Temple will expose you to the local people’s religious beliefs.
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C. Short Beijing Travel
Luxury & Standard : 3 Days $159 Up
Are you annoyed by your tight time schedule but interested in visiting Beijing Here we provide an elaborately designed 3-day Beijing tour itinerary taking you to explore the highlights of Beijing. Hence, you can make full use of your time to visit the most aspects of Beijing.
D. Beijing Group Tour
Luxury : 5 Days $279 Up
Explore the highlights of Beijing on a tight budget, why not join our Beijing group tour with only 6-18 people to each group, you will not only make new friends from different countries but also experience all of the comfort and flexibility at a lower price.
E. Beijing Essence Tour
Luxury : 2 Days $75 Up
To guide you to catch all the highlight sites of Beijing in short time schedule, we carefully design these two 2-day refined Beijing tours. Take the tour and make full use of your precious time to see as much as possible of Beijing.
F. Beijing One-Day Tours - 17 options here for you!
Luxury : 1 Day $29 Up
Beijing is such a large city with numerous places of interest to visit.
One-day package tours offered here are all made up of the essence of Beijing. You can choose any of your preferred according to your interest.
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【小题1】Dick is a newcomer to Beijing where he is going to stay for 5 days. Since he has to attend a very important conference on the third day, he has very limited time to spare. But he wishes to spend two days visiting a few of the scenic spots in Beijing so that he could have some basic idea of what Beijing is like.
【小题2】Coming from Los Angeles, as an exchange student, John is eager to know about Beijing which he believes is a great city with a lot of things to explore. So he plans to go around on Sundays. Since he is not familiar with the city, he decides to join one of the local tour agencies. But he prefers things to be different every week.
【小题3】Mary is a mother with a 9-year-old daughter. She wants to travel around Beijing this summer holiday with her daughter. She would like her daughter to make some friends while opening her eyes during the trip.
【小题4】Li Xue has a very long holiday this year. She wants to go on a guided tour round the most popular sites of Beijing. She does not believe in those so called “cheap and good” offer, so she does not care much about money. So long as the tour is comfortable and enjoyable, she will not hesitate to join in.
【小题5】Professor Zhou is interested more in culture and the way of life of the local people than simply taking a city sightseeing tour. Instead of going to museums and popular sites, he likes to explore how the local people lived in the old times.
18.
Do you want to work with people or animals or machines or tools？Do you want to work indoors or outdoors，directly serve people in need or serve people behind the scenes？These are the typical questions that a volunteer service agency would ask.
Every year，thousands and thousands of people in the west offer volunteer services.Volunteering greatly strengthens the community partly because it helps the old，the young，the weak，the sick，the disabled and the injured to overcome difficulties.
Volunteers usually help in many different ways.They may give people advice，offer friendship to the young，drive the elderly to church，counsel kids against drugs.Work as an assistant in a school or nursing home，raise funds，plant trees，help out in local libraries and do many other things.
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Volunteering can be a few hours a week or a few hours a month，time during the day，evenings or weekends，either part time or full time.Anybody ______________ can become a volunteer.
The art of volunteering is a process of both giving and receiving.Volunteering allows volunteers to meet new people and make new friends and mix with people from all walks of life.Volunteering is an excellent way to experiment，practice and try out new techniques and skills.It is much more effective to practice a skill than to read about it or study it in a classroom.Volunteering is a great way to develop good teamwork skills，discover your individual talents and explore career choices.
Being _ a _ volunteer _ takes _ individuals _ on _ a _ wonderful _ journey _ and _ helps _ them _ learn _ many _ important _ things _ beyond _ their _ school _ learning.
（1）What is the best title of the passage？(Please answer within 10 words.)
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
（2）Which sentence in the passage can be replaced by the following one
Volunteer service can provide chances for volunteers to make acquaintance of all kinds of people.
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
（3）Please fill in the blank in the fourth paragraph with proper words，phrases or sentence to complete the sentence.(Please answer within 10 words.)
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
(4）What kind of volunteer jobs would you like to take？Why？(Please answer within 30 words.)
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
（5）Translate the underlined sentence in the fifth paragraph into Chinese.
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
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19. Two thirds of the world’s major rivers have now been disrupted with more than 50,000 dams in an attempt to store water and provide power.In the US，there are more than 85,000 dams，disrupting large and small rivers，and in most cases transforming natural flow.The most famous of these，the Hoover Dam，constructed in the 1930s，is mainly responsible for the fact that the Colorado River no longer reaches the ocean.
Dams，besides all their attractive benefits，also have negative impacts.Creating a reservoir means a large area must be flooded.Communities may lose their land，houses and culturally important sites.
Environmentally，the new reservoir can be a paradise for wildlife，especially birds；however，it can cause greenhouse gas emissions and poison the water.Also，the dramatic rise and fall of water levels during dam releases is too extreme for plants and animals to cope with，resulting in dead zones around the shores of reservoirs.Fish that lay their eggs in the shallows，for example，may find a few hours later that those sites are high and dry.
Downstream(在下游方向)of a dam，the flow may be reduced so that farmers cannot irrigate their fields.Many rivers run through national borders，which may cause conflict over precious water.Disputes have been continuing between India and Pakistan，and Turkey，Syria and Iraq，for example.
Dams don’t just block the flow of water.They also prevent fish migrations，and dams are a barrier to sediment(沉淀物)flows.Instead of rushing downriver，sediments get backed up against the dam wall，which causes the reservoir level to increase over time.However，sediments which are rich in nutrients have become a problem.The fertility of the entire system can be influenced，with soils lost during seasonal rains not being replaced.
Perhaps the biggest problem can be seen in deltas，which are sinking into the oceans.Groundwater is being extracted to feed the city，causing the city to sink，and sediments washed away by the ocean are no longer being replaced.The result is that sea level rises in cities from Shanghai to Alexandria.
【小题1】The Hoover Dam is mentioned in the passage in order to show________.A．dams play an important role in our lifeB．dams have impacted the flow of the riversC．dams make people lose their land and housesD．dams have many benefits as well as side effects【小题2】What effects does creating a reservoir have on people’s life
a．People will see fewer birds on the sides of the rivers.
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b．Farmers will have less water to irrigate their fields.
c．Visitors can’t visit some cultural relics any more.
d．More conflicts and wars over water will break out.
e．More kinds of fish will become extinct in future.A．a，c B．c，eC．b，e D．b，c【小题3】With many dams built across the rivers，fish ________.A．will find more places to lay their eggsB．will face a dangerous habitatC．will be fed on more sediments rich in nutrientsD．will find it easier to deal with the rise of water【小题4】How can dams influence large cities like Shanghai A．Their entire system will be influenced.B．The rainy season will last longer.C．They will lie below sea level in future.D．Rich soils will be washed away.【小题5】What does the passage mainly talk about A．Environmental loss of dams.B．Cultural loss of dams.C．Economic gain of dams.D．Environmental benefits of dams.
20.
The Olympic Games are the greatest festival of sport in the world.Every four years,a hundred or more countries send their best sportsmen to compete for the highest honors of the sport.As many as 6000 people take part in over 20 sports.For the winners,there are gold medals and glory.But there is honor,too,for all who compete,win or lose.That is the spirit of the Olympicsto take part is what matters.
The Olympic Games always start in bright color and action.The teams of all the nations parade in the opening ceremony and march round the track.The custom is for the Greek team to march in first.For it was in Greece that the Olympics began.The team of the country where the Games are being heldthe host countrymarches in last.
The runner with the Olympic torch then enters the stadium and lights the flame.A sportsman from the host country takes the Olympic oath on behalf of all the competitors. The judges and officials also take an oath.After the sportsmen march out of the stadium,the host country puts on a wonderful display.
The competition begins the next day.There are usually more than twenty sports in the Games.The rule is that there must be at least fifteen.The main events are in track and field,but it is a few days before these sports start.Each day the competitors take part in a different sportriding,shooting,swimming,and cross-country running.Points are gained for each event.Medals are awarded for the individual winners and for national teams.
More and more women are taking part in the games.They first competed in 1900,in tennis and golf,which are no longer held in the Olympics.Women’s swimming events were introduced in 1912,but it was not until 1928 that there were any track and field events for women.Now,they compete in all but half a dozen of the sports.In horse riding,shooting,and boat racing,they may compete in the same events as the men.
1.Why is there honor for the losers as well as for the winners
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A.Because failure is the mother of success.
B.Because losers need encouragement,too.
C.Because losers and winners should be equally treated.
D.Because what really matters is to take part in the Olympic Games.
2.Which of the following is a long-established practice in the opening ceremony
A.Runners enter the stadium with torches.
B.Each team has to put on a wonderful display.
C.The Greek team marches in first.
D.Men and women wear magnificent clothes.
3.What are the most important events in the Olympic Games
A.The track and field events. B.The horse-riding events.
C.The swimming events. D.The boat-racing events.
四、 注释（英汉互译）
21. 【题文】翻译下列句子
【小题1】直到考试结束，Jim才发现问题的答案。
Jim did not find out the answer to the question _______ ________ _____ of the exam.
【小题2】当他在看电视的时候，舅舅在网聊。
_______ ________ ________ _______ TV, Uncle was chatting on the Internet.
【小题3】张扬和马金枝英语非常好，他们每天花多少时间学英语？
Zhang Yang and Ma Jinzhi are good at English. ________ ________ ________ they spend on English every day
【小题4】张美晨被挑选去主持桃林中学的元旦文艺晚会。
Zhang Meichen ______ ________ _______ host the New Year cultural show of TaoLin Middle School.
【小题5】当晚十点半，有人看见凶手在街上和别人争吵。
The murderer _______ _________ ___________ with someone on the street at half past ten that night.
【小题6】为什么不跟他再解释一下这个问题呢？
___________ _________ __________ the problem to him again
【小题7】桃林中学的张扬和马金枝被认为是尖子生。
Zhang Yang and Ma Jinzhi from TaoLin Middle School ______ _________ ________ top students.
【小题8】警方不能确认受害者是否是在别的什么地方遇害的。
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The police were not _________ __________ the victim _________ murdered somewhere __________.
五、 注释（匹配题）
22. 请阅读下列应用文及相关信息，并按照要求匹配信息。请在答题卡上将对应题号的相应选项字母涂黑。以下是演讲会的资料：
A
Are you interested in “Dream of the Red Mansion”(Hong Lou Meng) Listen to a lecture on this classical novel.
Venue: National Museum of Chinese Modern Literature (Beijing)
Time: 9:30 A.m.
Price: free
Tel: 010 84615522
B
“Jiaguwen” is among the oldest pictographic characters in the world．How much do you know about it Get all the answers at this free lecture.
Venue: Dongcheng District Library (Beijing)
Time: 9:00 a.m.
Price: free
Tel: 010 64013356
C
Former United Nations interpreter Professor Wang Ruojin speaks about her experiences at the UN and shares her understanding of the cultural differences between East and West.
Venue: National Library of China (Beijing)
Time: 1:30 p.m. 4:00 p. m.
Price: free
Tel: 010 68488047
D
Qi Baishi, one of China’s greatest modern painters, was also a poet, calligrapher(书法家) and seal-cutter(刻印者). Can you appreciate his works Then come to spend the time with us.
Venue: Beijing Art Academy
Time: 9:00 A．m. 11:00 A．m.
Price: 10 Yuan
Tel: 010 - 65023390
E
It is the year of the Dog, and you can see “Fu” everywhere. But how much do you know about dogsman’s best friend What is “Fu” and where does it come from Why do people hang “Fu” character upside down on the door Get all the answers from this free lecture.
Venue: Capital Library (Beijing)
Time: 2:00 p. m.
Price: free
Tel: 010 - 67358114
F
About 160 cultural relics from Guangdong, Macao and Hong Kong are on display to April 15th. Meanwhile experts will talk about the important roles these three cities have played in the past two thousand years of SinoWestern exchanges.
Venue: Beijing Art Museum
Time: 2:00 p. m. 5:00 p. m.
Price: 20 Yuan, students 10 Yuan
Tel: 010 - 83659337
以下是想去听演讲的人员的基本信息，请匹配适合他们的演讲内容。
【小题1】Alice is now studying in Beijing University, and she is especially interested in Chinese writing. In her spare time she enjoys drawing, writing poems and is fond of sharing her pieces with her classmates.
【小题2】Simon comes from Egypt. He is now studying in Beijing Art Academy. He shows great interest in Chinese ancient characters. Now he wants to know much about
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it.
【小题3】Lora and Peter, visiting professors from Australia, are both crazy about Chinese traditional culture. At weekends they like to call on Chinese families to learn about Chinese festivals as well as their history.
【小题4】Edward is a senior student in Beijing Foreign Language University. He likes traveling very much and has made up his mind to work as an interpreter for some jointventure enterprises (合资企业).
【小题5】Steve and Mark are both studying in the Chinese Department of China’s Renmin University. They want to do some research on Chinese ancient literature.
六、 注释（短文改错）
23.
Dear Bob,
Hello,I learn about you from my English teacher, 1._________
Miss Fang.I’d like to your pen friend,and get to know more about your country. 2._________
First,let me tell you something more about myself. 3._________
My name is Li Hua.I live in Beijing,where is the 4._________
capital of China.I go to Hongqi Middle School.I 5._________
study quite a few subject,such as math,Chinese, 6._________
English and physics.I use to play table tennis a lot 7._________
in my spare time,but now I am interesting in football. 8._________
Do you play any ball games What your favourite 9.
sport I look forward to hear from you soon. 10._________
Yours,
Li Hua
七、 注释（书面表达）
24.
请根据以下的情景说明,使用5个规范的英语句子描述全部所给的信息内容。
[情景说明]
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1.奥运会起源于古希腊。当时,妇女不准参加,项目不多;
2.现在,奥运会每四年举行一次;
3.奥运会的口号是“更快、更高、更强”。
[写作要求]
1.必须使用5个句子介绍全部所给的内容;
2.将5个句子组织成连贯的短文。
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答案解析部分(共有 24 道题的解析及答案)
一、选择题
1、A短语辨析。 A. 导致；有助于 B. 寻找 C.认为；以为 D. 召唤。句意：文化交流有助于更好的了解。
2、A
试题分析：句意：我们国家有很多文化遗迹，很多要追溯到几千年前。这里前面是简单句，因为中间没有连词，所以逗号后面不是句子，而是独立主格结构，用逻辑主语+非谓语动词构成，因为date back to“追溯到”这个词组没有被动语态，所以用现在分词，所以选A。
考点：考查独立主格结构
3、A
试题分析：动词用法辨析。A应该得到；B打算，计划；C致力于，花费；D想象，设法；句意：这一点提出了一些应该得到公开讨论的文化遗址保护的问题。固定词组deserve doing sth="deserve" to be sth某事值得被做。故A正确。
考点：考查动词固定用法
点评：在高中的学习中平时要多积累固定短语的用法，考试时只能凭借记忆力来答题，尤其是单项选择很难推出某个短语的意思，所以平时的积累记忆是尤其重要的。学生可以将常考的全部积累在一起，通过反复的复习，从而达到永久的记忆下来。
4、D考查同级比较：as +adj+as结构，as much as和…一样多，句意：我们什么时候睡觉在文化上和生理上一样多，做法全世界都不同。选D。
5、D这题考查belong to的用法：belong to“属于”不能用进行时和被动式，句意是;--中国有文化遗产吗？--是的，大家承认世界上的很多文化遗产象长城，布达拉宫，莫高窟等等属于中国。选D。
6、A
试题分析：考查主谓一致。The number of 。。。的数量；做主语的时候，谓语动词用单数。Reflect反射，表达；反应；句意：一个国家大学毕业生的数量反映出这个国家的文化标准。故A正确。
考点：考查主谓一致
点评：number的两个词组一直是高考的重点,the number of。。的数量；做主语，用单数形式；a number of做主语，用复数形式。
7、A
试题分析：考查冠词，the是定冠词；a/an不定冠词，第一个空表示特指出生地，所以用定冠词，第二空表示一个…的城市，因为单词city以辅音字母c开头，所以用不定冠词a，所以选A
考点：考查冠词
点评：冠词是高考常考内容，做有关冠词的题型可以从两方面入手，一是习惯搭配，二是固定短语。对于固定短语平时应多读多记
即学即练：—What’s your opinion about the war in Libya?
— Wouldn’t it be wonderful world of all nations lived in peace with one another?
A. the; / B. a; / C. the; the D. a; a
选B
8、解析：think well of意为“对……印象好；认为……不错”，其被动语态是be well thought of。
答案：D
9、C
试题分析：考查动词短语：A. allows for考虑到， 体谅，允许有B. calls for要求，需要，C. makes for前往，有助于，D. goes for攻击，喜欢，适用于，去找某人，句意：文化交流有助于不同国家人们的更好的理解。选C。
考点：考查动词短语
10、B短语辨析. make use of 使用/利用;make for 有助于;make up 组成/整理;make into把……制成。根据题意，文化交流有助于增进了解。故选B。
11、D
试题分析：考查词组：句意：约翰因为各种各样的原因不能参加昨天文化中心举行的活动。a variety of
各种各样的，A应该是a series of，B应该是all kinds of，C是…的数量，选D。
考点：考查词组
12、A
试题分析：句意：珠算，中国传统的计算方法，已经被列入教科文组织世界非物质文化遗产之一。Method是可数名词，UNESCO不是元音开头，前面用不定冠词a表一个、一种。故选A。
考点: 考查冠词的用法。
13、
14、C
试题分析：句意：母亲爱孩子，尽管文化不同，但这是一个普遍的事实。Artificial人造的；foolish愚蠢的；universal普遍的；amazing令人惊异的，选C。
考点：考查词义辨析
15、A选A 考查冠词。句意：作为华夏文明的发源地，西安是一座拥有悠久历史和丰富的文化底蕴的城市。birthplace后面有of短语作其后置定语，且“发源地”具有唯一性，故birthplace在本句中表特指，用定冠词the；第二空后的city为可数名词，但“拥有悠久历史和丰富的文化底蕴”的城市并非只有西安，故第二空应该表泛指，需用不定冠词。故选A。
二、阅读理解
16、
【小题1】E
【小题2】F
【小题3】D
【小题4】A
【小题5】B
【小题1】E中的o guide you to catch all the highlight sites of Beijing in short time schedule非常符合18中的he has very limited time to spare. But he wishes to spend two days visiting a few of the scenic spots in Beijing 。
【小题2】内容中的So he plans to go around on Sundays的与F的一日游正好相符。
【小题3】D中的you will not only make new friends from different countries but also experience all of the comfort and flexibility at a lower price与20中的要求相符
【小题4】A中的Our four-day itinerary will take you to the most popular sites around the city.的内容与21中的要求相符
【小题5】B中的Take a special rickshaw ride through an old Hutong neighborhood to experience the different life styles of Beijing residents. A visit to the Lama Temple will expose you to the local people’s religious beliefs，与22中的周教授要求相符。
17、（1）．Volunteer Service in the West
（2）．Volunteering allows volunteers to meet new people and make new friends and mix with people from all walks of life.
（3）．who is willing/likes to serve people in need/help others
(4）．I like to help out in local libraries，because I like books very much.I'll arrange them in a good order so that readers can easily find what they want.
（5）从事志愿者工作可以引导人走向一条理想的人生之路，学会从课堂中学不到的重要东西。
18、
【小题1】B
【小题2】D
【小题3】B
【小题4】C
【小题5】A本文主要讲的是人类在世界各地修建的大坝对环境造成的影响。
【小题1】解析 细节理解题。根据第一段中的“and in most cases transforming natural flow...no longer reaches the ocean”可知，文章中提到胡佛大坝是为了说明大坝可以影响河的流向，故选B。
答案 B
【小题2】 解析 细节理解题。根据第二段末句和第四段首句可知，随着大坝的修建，蓄水淹没了一些文化遗迹，并且导致下游的农民无法灌溉农作物，故选D。
答案 D
【小题3】解析 细节理解题。根据第三段中的“it can cause greenhouse gas emissions and poison the water”可知，随着大坝的修建，蓄水会释放出温室气体，使水有毒，所以鱼的生活环境会变得危险，故选B。
答案 B
【小题4】解析 细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“which are sinking into the oceans”可知，未来有一天，上海将会被海水淹没，故选C。
答案 C
【小题5】解析 主旨大意题。通读全文可知，本文主要讲的是修建大坝对环境造成的影响，故选A。
答案 A
19、1. D 由第一段的最后一句可知。
2. B 由第二段的第三句话可知。
3. A 由第四段的第四句话可知。
三、英汉互译
20、 【答案】
【小题1】until the end
【小题2】While he was watching
【小题3】How long do
【小题4】was chosen to
【小题5】was seen arguing/quarreling
【小题6】Why not explain
【小题7】are considered as
【小题8】sure whether/if was else
【解析】
试题分析：
【小题1】本句考查关联词not...until的用法，意为“直到......才”；故答案为until the end
【小题2】本句考查while引导的时间状语从句，主从句都用过去进行时；故答案为While he was watching
【小题3】本句是对时间长短的提问；故答案为How long do
【小题4】本句考查被动语态的用法；故答案为was chosen to
【小题5】本句考查动词短语see sb doing sth的被动用法；故答案为was seen arguing/quarreling
【小题6】“为什么不做某事”即Why not do sth或Why don’t you do sth；由于只有三个空格故答案为Why not explain
【小题7】本句考查动词短语consider sb as的被动用法；故答案为are considered as
【小题8】sure表示“确信，确认”；后面为whether引导的宾语从句；else修饰不定副词时要后置；故答案为sure whether/if was else
考点：翻译句子。
四、匹配题
21、
五、书面表达
22、
The Olympic Games began around the year 776 B.C.in Greece when women were not allowed to take part in the games and there were not many games.After the year 393 A.D.the Olympic Games stopped and for a long time,there were no Olympic Games.But people still remembered it.
Now,both Winter Olympics and Summer Olympics are held every four years and most countries in the world take part in it whose motto is “Swifter,Higher,Stronger”.
Almost all the people like to watch the Olympic Games and they feel proud of their athletes who have won the gold medals.
六、短文改错
23、
1. learn→learned 该动作发生在写信之前。
2.在to 和your之间加be或become I’d like to是谓语,相当于I want to。
3.去掉more 从上文first可知,写信人并没有告诉Bob除他自己以外的事。
4. where→which 非限制性定语从句中where不能充当主语,只能用which。
5.√
6. subject→subjects subject是可数名词,被a few修饰要用复数。
7. use→used used to是“过去常常”,与下文相对。
8. interesting→interested be interested in是习惯用法,“对……感兴趣”。
9. What后加is,或What→What’s 缺少谓语。
10. hear→hearing look forward to 中to是介词,后用动名词。look forward to表示“盼望着”。例如:I am looking forward to going home.我盼望着回家。
七、完形填空
24、
【小题1】C
【小题2】B
【小题3】D
【小题4】C
【小题5】B
【小题6】A
【小题7】A
【小题8】C
试题分析：本文就如何适应文化差异提出一些建议。只有尊重差异才能适应差异。具体涉及情感表达、依着打扮及如何摆脱尴尬，等。
【小题1】考查动词词义及语境运用。去另一个国家，要意识到这个国家的文化与本国文化之间的差异并尊重这种差异。A. reject排斥；B. recite背诵；C. respect尊重；D. remove去除。C项正确。
【小题2】考查名词词义及语境运用。本文接下来就如可适应化差异提出了一些具体的建议。A. plans：方案、计划；B. tips建议；C. arguments争论；D. choices选择。B项正确。
【小题3】考查形容词词义及语境运用。每一个出国人员都会有尴尬的时候，因为他们的举止可能引发当地人的嘲笑。A. unsafe不安全的；B. excited激动的、兴奋的；C. satisfied满足的、满意的；D. awkward尴尬的。D项正确。
【小题4】考查名词词义及语境运用。从下文“一笑了之”可知，自我防卫的最佳手段是幽默感。 A. relief轻松、放松；B. belonging归属；C. humor幽默；D. direction方向。C项正确。
【小题5】考查连词的语境运用。衣着也很重要，因为当地人会根据衣着来判断一个人。A. but表“转折”； B. for表“理由”；C. so表“结果”；D. or表“选择”。故B项正确。
【小题6】考查动词词义及语境运用。根据宗教习惯，在中东国家衣着暴露是严格禁止的。A. forbidden禁止；B. allowed允许；C. expected期待；D. tolerated容忍。A项正确。
【小题7】考查名词词义及语境运用。在东南亚国家。生气会让自己显得愚蠢，所以表达情感时要谨慎。A. emotions情感；B. concern担忧；C. interest兴趣；D. views观点。故A项正确。
【小题8】考查形容词词义及语境运用。在一些国家当众亲吻是不合适的。A. natural自然的。本文更多谈及的是一些禁忌，故本项排除；B. advisable可建议（从事）的。排斥理由同A项；C. unwise不明智的；D. unnecessary不必要的。C项正确。
考点：完形填空。
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