1
专题 08 阅读理解（人物或故事类、科普或环
境保护类或健康类、社会现象或历史文化教育类）
1.【2018 年山东省青岛市】
Some scientists say that animals in the ocean are
increasingly threatened(威胁) by noise pollution caused by
human beings. The noise that influences sea animals comes
from a number of human activities. It is caused mainly by
industrial underwater explosions(爆炸) , ocean drilling, and
ship engines. Such noises are added to natural sounds.
These sounds include the breaking of ice fields, underwater
earthquakes, and sounds made by animals themselves.
Decibels (分贝) measured in water are different from those measured on land. A noise of one hundred
and twenty decibels on land causes pain to human ears. In water, a decibel level of one hundred
and ninety five would have the same effect（效果）.2
Some scientists have proposed setting a noise limit （限度）of one hundred and twenty decibels
in oceans. They have observed that noises at that level can frighten and confuse whales（鲸鱼
）.
A team of American and Canadian scientists discovered that louder noises can seriously injure
some animals. The research team found that powerful underwater explosions were causing whales
in the area to lose their hearing. This seriously affected the whales' ability to exchange
information and find their way. Some of the whales even died. The explosions had caused their
ears to bleed.
Many researchers whose work depends on ocean sounds object to a limit of one hundred and twenty
decibels. They say such a limit would mean an end to important industrial and scientific research.
Scientists do not know how much and what kinds of noises are harmful to ocean animals. However,
many scientists suspect that noise is a greater danger than they believed. It’s time for them
to take action to help ocean animals.
22. Which of the following is not caused by human beings?
A. The noise of industrial underwater explosions.
B. The noise of ocean drilling.
C. The sound of underwater earthquakes
D. The noise of ship engines.
23. What does the second paragraph mainly tell us?
A. The same noise measures differently on land and in the ocean.
B. Different places may have different types of noises.
C. The noises can cause humans to lose hearing.
D. There are different kinds of natural sounds in the ocean.
24. Which of the following statements is TRUE?
A. Powerful underwater explosions aren’t harmful to whales’ ears.
B. Many researchers are against the noise limit of 120 decibels.
C. Noises cannot cause whales’ death.
D. The noise limit of 120 decibels would hardly influence the industrial research.
25. According to the passage, we can infer that scientists will probably .
A. work hard to cut down natural sounds.3
B. stop industrial and scientific research in oceans.
C. try their best to make no noise.
D. protect ocean animals from harmful noises.
【答案】22. C 23. A 24. B 25. D
23. 根据 Decibels (分贝) measured in water are different from those measured on land.和后文可知主要
讲水下分贝测量和陆地不一样；故选 A
25. 根据文章讲述了噪音污染对海洋生物的伤害，科学家研究怎么保护海洋生物不受伤害。故选 D
2.【2018 年安徽省中考】Would you like to live in a city where buildings turn the lights off for
you, and self-driving cars will find the nearest parking space themselves? Although it might sound
a lttle far from you, living in a "smart" city like this could happen sooner than you think.
Great changes have taken place in towns that we have lived in for centuries, while completely
new cities are being built. One such place is the city of Songdo. Every home there will have a
"telepresence system(远程遥控系统)-- allowing users to control the heating and locks, take part
in video meetings, and receive education, health care and government services. Around the city,
escalators ( 自动扶梯 ) will only move when someone is on them, and offices and schools will all
be connected to the system.
The great mind behind Songdo is from the company Cisco. In fact, technology companies around the
world such as IBM, Siemens and Microsoft are already in the business.
About 75% of the world's population will live in cities by 2050, so cities will need to be more
modern to deal with the coming problems. Making cities smarter is one way out, and I think this 4
will in turn make cities greener, said Dan Hill, head of a research company.
53. According to the text, living in a "smart" city ______
A. is not a green way B. will be far from you
C. will soon become true D. is completely impossible
54. What is Paragraph 2 mainly about?
A. A city of the future. B. A meeting in Songdo.
C. A plan to build a house. D. A report on public health.
55. Which company offers the great mind to build Songdo?
A. Cisco. B. IBM. C. Siemens.yagnoOLED D. Microsoft.
56. Dan Hill thinks that making cities smarter is one way to______.
A. drive people out of cities B. control the world's population C. develop his own company
D. solve the cities' coming problems
57. Which of the following might be the best title for the text?
A. Future Education B. Smart Cities C. Government Services D. Famous Companies
【答案】53. C 54. A 55. A 56. D 57. B
【解析】文章讲述了未来的智能城市的生活情况。
3.【2018 年贵州省安顺】Toothpaste (牙膏) does more than just keep our teeth bright and white. It
can be used wisely in many other ways. Here are some useful tips that can save us time and money.
If you follow them, you will have a fresh smell of using toothpaste!
Clean a Dirty Mirror
If you want to clean a dirty bathroom mirror, try to put a bit of toothpaste on the mirror and 5
wipe it dry. The glass can be cleaned up beautifully. And doing this can also stop the
mirror from fogging. Then you can still see yourself in the mirror after taking a shower.
Remove the Unpleasant Food Smell
Have some bad food smell, like the smell of onions or fish, on your hands? You can remove it
by washing your hands with toothpaste. You’ll be fresh-smelling in no time.
Make Your Sports Shoes Whiter
This time, clean your sports shoes by yourself, not by your mother. Wipe some toothpaste around
your shoes and then clean it with a wet cloth. See? Your shoes are white as new!
41. What does the passage mainly tell us about?
A. How to buy the toothpaste. B. How to choose the toothpaste.
C. How to use toothpaste wisely. D. How to sell the toothpaste.
42. How many ways can you save your time and money by using toothpaste?
A. One. B. Two. C. Three. D. Four.
43. If there is some smell of fish on your hands, what can you do?
A. Wash your hands with soap. B. Wash your hands with toothpaste.
C. Eat some onions. D. Brush your teeth with toothpaste.
44. The passage doesn’t tell us that .
A. toothpaste can clean a dirty mirror
B. toothpaste can remove the food smell
C. toothpaste can make your ring become new again
D. toothpaste can remove fish smell
45. Where can we probably find the passage?
A. In a science magazine. B. In an amusement magazine.
C. In a history book. D. In a math book.
【答案】41. C 42. C 43. B 44. C 45. A
【解析】短文大意：牙膏不仅仅能让我们的牙齿保持明亮和洁白。它还有许多其它的用途。比如：清理脏
镜子，去除难闻的食物气味，让你的运动鞋变得更白等等。6
42.细节理解题。短文共介绍了三种牙膏的用途：清理脏镜子，去除难闻的食物气味，让你的运动鞋变得更
白。故答案选 C。
43. 细节理解题。根据“Have some bad food smell, like the smell of onions or fish, on your hands?
You can remove it by washing your hands with toothpaste.”可知，如果你手上有鱼腥味，可以用牙膏洗手
，去除异味。答案为 B。
44. 细节理解题。根据表格第一栏的介绍可知，牙膏可以用来清理脏的镜子。根据表格第二栏的介绍可知，
牙膏可以去除难闻的食物味道，或鱼的腥味，根据表格第二栏的介绍可知，牙膏可以让你的运动鞋变得更
白。没有提到牙膏能让你的戒指重新焕发新的活力，故答案选 C。
4.【2018 年贵州省安顺】Bike-sharing has swept across China, with an increasing number of people
choosing bike riding instead of driving. The bike that the service company provides has GPS or
Bluetooth on it. And those bikes can be easily unlocked with a smart phone and left anywhere in
public. Bike-sharing allows people to borrow a bike from one place and return it at another place
easily.
In some cities, we can see more and more people riding this kind of sharing bikes. It’s very
convenient to use the bikes if you have a smart phone. First, you have to download such an APP
on your smart phone. Then what you need to do is to find a nearest bike through
the APP, scan the QR code（二维码）on the bike or connect your phone with the bike over a Bluetooth 7
wireless connection. You will find the bike can be unlocked itself.
Then you can enjoy your trip. What’s more, the greatest advantage of bike-sharing is that you
can easily find one and never worry about where to park it. The cost of riding depends on the
time that you spend. Normally, every hour you ride, you need to pay one yuan. It doesn’t cost
so much, does it?
At the same time, some people park the bikes in their own homes. Besides, some people don’t value
the bikes. Now service companies are trying to solve the problem like being stolen.
Technology and science have changed our social lifestyles. We have to say bike-sharing brings
us more convenience without doubt. And we also hope that people can not only enjoy it but also
put it to good use.
46. What do we know from the first paragraph?
A. Most people in cities don’t drive.
B. Bike-sharing is becoming more and more popular.
C. Bike-sharing is invented in China.
D. Sharing bikes can be borrowed everywhere.
47. If you want to use a sharing bike, you must first .
A. download an APP and pay for the trip
B. have a smart phone and download an APP
C. unlock the bike and download an APP
D. find a nearest bike and borrow it from anyone
48. The underlined word “value” in Paragraph 4 probably means in Chinese.
A. 喜欢 B. 收藏 C. 爱惜 D. 购买
49. Which of the following is NOT mentioned in this passage?
A. Bike-sharing is a kind of expensive transport.
B. Sharing bikes are easy to unlock.
C. Sharing bikes may be stolen.
D. Bike-sharing is very cheap.
50. What’s the writer’s attitude towards bike-sharing?
A. Convenient. B. Doubtful.
C. Worried. D. Unnecessary.8
【答案】46. B 47. B 48. C 49. A 50. A
46. 细节理解题。根据第一段句子“Bike-sharing has swept across China, with an increasing number
of people choosing bike riding instead of driving.”共享单车席卷中国，越来越多的人选择骑自行车而
不是开车。可知第一段告诉我们共享单车正变得越来越流行。故选 B。
47. 细节理解题。根据文中句子“It’s very convenient to use the bikes if you have a smart
phone. First, you have to download such an APP on your smart phone.”（如果你有智能手机，使用
自行车非常方便。首先，你必须在智能手机上下载这样的应用程序。）可知，如果你想使用共享单车，你
必须先有一个智能手机并下载一个应用程序。答案为 B。
48. 词义猜测题。上文提到有些人把自行车停在自己家里。结合下文中的句子“Now service companies are
trying to solve the problem like being stolen.”（现在服务公司正试图解决这个问题，比如被盗。）
可以猜测 value 的意思是“爱惜”，有些人不爱惜自行车。答案为 C。
50. 细节理解题。问题：作者对自行车共享的态度是什么？A. Convenient.方便；B. Doubtful.怀疑；C.
Worried.担忧；D. Unnecessary.不必要。根据最后一段中的句子“We have to say bike-sharing brings
us more convenience without doubt.”可知，作者认为共享单车给我们的出行带来了更多的便利。答案为 A
。
5.【2018 年贵州省安顺】“Let’ s go wrestling ,Dad!”《( 摔跤吧，爸爸!》) is one of the Top 10
movies recently. It tells
a true story about an Indian man and his two daughters. His name’s Mahavir. In real life, he
is called“the father of India women wrestling”because thousands of girls across India have been 9
supported to take up wrestling with his efforts.
A very famous Indian actor, Aamir Khan, played the role of Mahavir in the movie. It was an unusual
experience for him to play this role. Aamir Khan was very serious about his character and he tried
to make this character close to the true story. In order to act well, he needed to put on weight
to be very fat and then do sports to be very strong in a short time.
Aamir Khan started to eat a lot every day before making the movie. He ate at least 5 meals a
day including much junk food. He became too fat to run quickly.
It is simple to be fat but difficult to be strong. Aamir Khan invited many coaches to train him
to lose weight and took him a few months to be strong. He must eat less and drink more. Strength
training is also important. This kind of physical training is very boring. He had to lift different
weights and do it over and over again. Aamir Khan set a goal to himself day by day and the minute
he made it, he fell down on the ground and could hardly stand up. In the end, he became the exact
person the movie needs.
The role he played was very moving and he succeeded at last. As he says, the most important thing
in life is not whether you can reach your goal but whether you have made the greatest efforts.
51. From the passage, what is Aamir Khan’s job?
A. A player. B. An actor. C. A director. D. A coach.
52. Why is Mahavir called “the father of Indian women wrestling”?
A. Because he is a very famous Indian player.
B. Because he played a role in the movie “let’s go wrestling, Dad!”
C. Because he supported many Indian women to take up wrestling.
D. Because he became strong in short time.
53. What is the correct order of the following things about Aamir Khan?
① He changed his eating habits and did sports to become strong.
② He was serious about the character and he needed to make great efforts.
③ To be fat, he ate too much food.
④ Finally, he succeeded.
A. ③②①④ B. ②③④① C. ②①④③ D. ②③①④
54. Which of the following is NOT true about Aamir Khan from the passage?
A. “let’s go wrestling, Dad! ” is a true story about Aamir Khan himself.10
B. He became very fat at first and then lost weight in a very short time.
C. In order to act well, he trained so hard.
D. He tried to playa perfect role in the movie.
55. According to the acting experience of Aamir Khan ,what can we learn ?
A. Where there is a will, there is a way.
B. Practice makes perfect.
C. Many hands make work light.
D. The fatter,the better.
【答案】51. B 52. C 53. D 54. A 55. A
51. 细节理解题。根据第二段第一句话“A very famous Indian actor, Aamir Khan, played the role of
Mahavir in the movie.”可知，Aamir Khan 是一名演员，故答案为 B。
52. 细节理解题。根据第一段 His name’s Mahavir. In real life, he is called “the father of India
women wrestling” because thousands of girls across India have been supported to take up wrestling
with his efforts.可知，Mahavir 被称为“印度女子摔跤之父”，因为他在摔跤这项运动中给予印度成千上
万的女孩极大的支持。故答案为 C。
53. 句子排序题。根据第二段第三句“Aamir Khan was very serious about his character and he tried
to make this character close to the true story.”Aamir Khan 对他的这个人物非常认真，他试图使这
个角色接近真实的故事。根据第三段第一句“Aamir Khan started to eat a lot every day before making
the movie.”Aamir Khan 在制作电影之前每天都要吃很多东西。根据第四段二三两句“Aamir Khan invited
many coaches to train him to lose weight and took him a few months to be strong. He must eat less
and drink more.”Aamir Khan 邀请了很多教练训练他减肥，并花了几个月的时间让他变得强壮。他必须少
吃多饮。根据第四段最后一句“In the end, he became the exact person the movie needs.” 最后，他成为
电影中所需要的那种人。由此可知，Aamir Khan 对电影中的这个人物很认真，为了符合电影中的人物角色
形象，他做出了很大的努力，为了肥胖，他每天都吃很多食物，为了使自己变得强壮起来，他改变了饮食11
习惯，每天做运动。最后，他终于成功了。按照文章叙述的顺序应为②③①④，故答案为 D。
54.判断正误题。A 项，《摔跤吧！爸爸》是发生在 AamirKhan 身上的真实故事，根据第一段第二、三句话
It tells a true story about an Indian man and his two daughters. His name’s Mahavir.可知，这
是发生在 Mahavir 身上的真实故事。故 A 项表述错误。B 项，AamirKhan 首先变得很胖然后在很短时间内减
肥成功，根据据第二段最后一句 he needed to put on weight to be very fat and then did sports to
be very strong in a short time 和第四段最后一句 In the end, he became the exact person the movie
needed 可知，B 项表述正确。C 项，AamirKhan 为了呈现演好自己的角色，进行了很辛苦的训练，根据第四
段大意可知，Aamir Khan 为了回到电影人物所需要的健壮的壮年形象，在身体训练上付出了很多的汗水。
故 C 项表述正确。D 项，Aamir Khan 尝试着去把这个电影角色演绎得很完美，根据第二段第三句话 Aamir Khan
was very serious about his character and he tried to make this character close to the true story 可知，
Aamir Khan 十分认真地对待这个角色，他尽他所能使这个角色能够更加贴近原故事。故 D 项表述正确。答
案选 A。
6.【2018 年湖北省恩施州中考】
There is a town near Suzhou. It is very interesting and beautiful. This is Luxiang, an old town.
Luxiang was built in the Southern Song Dynasty (1127-1279). There were many famous people living
in the town at that time.
There are around 30 old buildings of Ming and Qing (1644~1912) dynasties now. People live a
simple life. Six lanes (巷) in the town go to Taihu Lake.
Luxiang looks more beautiful in spring, with many tea trees and fruit gardens. This place is
famous for the tea called Biluochun.
The Egyptian pyramids were built around 2560 B C. The largest one of them is the Great Pyramid
of Khufu. The King, Khufu, built it as his tomb.
The Great Pyramid was considered a unique building in the 19th century A. D. At that time, it 12
was still the tallest in the world. According to scientific research, Khufu ordered his men
to build it stone by stone. The biggest stone weighs 15 tons, and each stone was fixed so well.
The Great Pyramid has four sides and each side is 230. 4 meters long and 146. 5 meters high.
At that time, there were no modern machines or equipment, so how did the ancient Egyptians build
it? To this day, it is still a mystery.
31. Many famous people were living in Luxiang ______.
A. from 1127 to 1279
B. from 1644 to 1912
C. from 1127 to 1644
D. from 1279 to 1912
32. Luxiang is famous for ______.
A. fruit gardens
B. tea trees
C. Biluochun
D. six lanes
33. In order to build his tomb, the King Khuhu built ________.
A. the ancient pyramids
B. the Egyptain pyramids
C. the Great Pyramid
D. the mysterious pyramids
34. Building the Great Pyramid is still a mystery now, because _______.
A. each stone was fixed well
B. there were no modern machines or equipment then
C. it was made of stone
D. it was the tallest building in the world
35. Which of the following is TRUE?
A. Each side of the Great Pyramid is 230.4 meters long and 146.5 meters wide. 13
B. Luxiang is far away from Suzhou.
C. Luxiang looks more beautiful except spring.
D. In the 19th century AD, the Great Pyramid was special and unusual.
【答案】31. A 32. C 33. C 34. B 35. D
【解析】本文首先介绍了一座名叫鲁巷的城市，其次介绍了埃及的大金字塔的相关情况。
31. 句意：从 1127 年到 1279 年，许多名人都住在鲁巷。A.从 1127 年到 1279 年
B.从 1644 年到 1912 年 C.从 1127 年到 1644 年 D.从 1279 年到 1912 年，原文“Luxiang was built in the
Southern Song Dynasty (1127-1279). There were many famous people living in the town at that time.”（
鲁巷始建于南宋（1127-1279）。 当时镇上有很多名人。）说明有名人的时期是 1127-1279，故选 A。
32. 句意：鲁巷以碧螺春而闻名。A.果园 B.茶树 C. 碧螺春 D.六车道。原文“This place is famous for the
tea called Biluochun.” （这个地方以称为碧螺春的茶而闻名。），故选 C。
34.句意：建造大金字塔现在仍然是一个谜，因为那时没有现代化的机器或设备。A.每块石头都固定得很好
B.那时没有现代化的机器或设备 C.它是用石头做的 D.它是世界上最高的建筑物。原文“At that time, there
were no modern machines or equipment, so how did the ancient Egyptians build it? To this day,
it is still a mystery.”（那时，没有现代化的机器或设备，古埃及人是如何建造它的呢？ 直到今天，
它仍然是一个谜。），故选 B。
35.句意：以下哪项是正确的？A.大金字塔的每一边长 230.4 米，宽 146.5 米。B.鲁巷离苏州远。C.鲁巷除
了春天外看起来更漂亮。D.在公元 19 世纪，大金字塔很特别而且与众不同。原文“The Great Pyramid has
four sides and each side is 230. 4 meters long and 146. 5 meters high.”（大金字塔有四面，每边长 230
米，长 4 米，高 146.5 米。），A 错误。原文“There is a town near Suzhou.”说明鲁巷离苏州近，B 错
误。原文“Luxiang looks more beautiful in spring”说明在春天鲁巷更美丽，C 错误。原文“The Great
Pyramid was considered a unique building in the 19th century A. D.”（大金字塔在 19 世纪被认为
是一座独特的建筑），故 D 正确，选 D。
7.【2018 年湖北省恩施州中考】In the 1950s, a female swimming athlete set a goal for herself. She
decided to swim across the English Channel before she retired. If she could make it, she would 14
be the first person in the world who did it.
On that day, she jumped into the sea without any hesitation and swam towards the opposite bank.
In the journey, she faced heavy fog, heavy rain and heavy waves. Though she was very tired, she
carried on swimming.
But in the end, she gave up. And what she didn't know at the moment she gave up was that the opposite
bank was only I mile away.
Later people asked her about the reason. And she said:"The reason why I gave up is that I could
not see the destination which I was so close to."
Too many success stories have been lecturing us about courage and persistence(坚持). But they
never told us where to find courage and persistence.
You can have courage only when you know where your goal is. You can manage to persist only when
you know where your goal is, and prepare yourself well mentally(心理上).
Courage and persistence never fall from the sky. They come from weighing between input and output.
A life without goals is like a ship without a compass. It goes nowhere. There is no courage or
persistence in a life without goals.
36. In paragraph 1, the underlined word "it" refers to _______.
A. being retired
B. swimming across the English Channel
C. swimming towards the bank
D. setting a goal
37. ________ is not mentioned in the passage.
A. Fog
B. Waves
C. Rain
D. Wind
38. The underlined word "weighing" in paragraph 8 probably mean _______.
A. 权衡
B. 有……重
C. 称重量
D. 有分量15
39. Why did the athlete give up? Because ________.
A. the bank was one mile away
B. she was too tired
C. she didn’t have courage at first
D. she thought her destination was far away
40. What can be inferred (推论) from the last sentence of the passage?
A. If you have courage and persistence, you have goals.
B. Even if you have no goals, you have courage to persist.
C. There is no courage or persistence unless you know your goals.
D. Between input and output, you must find courage and persistence.
【答案】36. B 37. D 38. A 39. D 40. C
【解析】本文讲了一位女性运动员游泳挑战穿越英吉利海峡的故事，因为她不知道自己离目的地还有多远，
所以在离岸边很近的地方放弃了挑战，告诉了我们没有目标的生活就像没有指南针的船。没有目标的生活
就会少了勇气或坚持。
37. 句意：段落中没有提到风。A.雾 B.波浪 C.雨 D.风。原文“she faced heavy fog, heavy rain and heavy
waves”（她面临浓雾，大雨和大浪），所以风没有提到，故选 D。
38.句意：第 8 段中带下划线的“weighing”一词可能意味着权衡。“勇气和毅力永远不会从天而降”，他
们是来自于对“投入”和“产出”的“权衡”，故选 A。
39. 句意：为什么运动员会放弃？ 因为她认为她的目的地很远。A.岸边在一英里处 B.她太累了 C.她一开始
没有勇气 D.她认为她的目的地很远。原文“The reason why I gave up is that I could not see the
destination which I was so close to.”（我放弃的原因是我看不到我如此接近的目的地。），也就是说她
意为自己还差得很远，所以她就放弃了，故选 D。
40. 句意：从文章的最后一句可以推断出什么？A.如果你有勇气和坚持，你就有目标。B.即使你没有目标，
你要有勇气坚持下去。C.除非你知道自己的目标，否则就没有勇气或坚持不懈。D.在投入和结果之间，你16
必须找到勇气和毅力。最后一段是“A life without goals is like a ship without a compass. It goes
nowhere. There is no courage or persistence in a life without goals.”（没有目标的生活就像没有
指南针的船。它无处可去。没有目标的生活就没有勇气或坚持。），这就告诉我们有目标是非常重要的，
有了目标就有了勇气和坚持，故选 C。
8.【2018 年湖南省常德市】
“Happiness is not so much in having as sharing. We make a living by what we get, but we make
a life by what we give. This website wouldn’t exist(存在) without your contributions(贡献). Thank
you!”
The following files(文件) were upoload(上传) by teachers and language experts(专家). We thank
them for contributing to the development of this website. If you decide to submit(提交) a
file, please consider the following points:
First, you must register and log in.
Upload only EFL and ESL files:lesson plan, quizzes,tests…
Fill all the filed carefully. Provide a title and a description.
Only 200 kilobytes are allowed.
Examples of allowed file extensions are ‘doc’, ‘pdf’, ‘ppt’, ‘docx’, ‘docm’, ‘pps’,
‘ppts’
Upload files will await moderation before publication.
5. What does the author(作者) mean in the first paragraph?
A. To have is happier than to share.
B. To share is happier than to have.
C. To make a living is happier than to make a life.
6. In the second paragraph, “them” refer to（指）“________”.17
A. Teachers
B. Language experts
C. Teachers and language experts.
7. How many points do you have to follow if you want to upload a file?
A. 5 B. 6 C. 7
8. This passage is taken from_________.
A. a website B. a magzine C. a book
【答案】5. B 6. C 7. B 8. A
【解析】短文介绍了文件共享，指出分享比占有更能给人带来快乐。号召人们要积极给网站上传文件以及
上传文件时需要注意的一些事项。
6. 词义猜测题。根据前面的句子 The following files(文件) were upload(上传) by teachers and language
experts(专家).前一句讲到这些文件由教师和语言专家们分享的，我们要感谢他们，所以他们指代的是教
师和语言专家们。故答案选 C。
7. 细节理解题。根据“please consider the following points:”后面所列举的上传所要注意的几个事项可
知，一共有 6 点，故答案为 B。
8. 推理推断题。根据第一段中的句子 This website wouldn’t exist(存在) without your
contributions. Thank you!”可知，文章讲的就是文件分享上传，所以应该是网站。 故答案选 A。
点睛：词义猜测题是阅读理解中常见的一种题型，所猜测词汇可以是生词，也可以是熟词新义，还可以是
人称代词的指代内容。词义猜测题主要考查考生根据上下文推测词义和语义的能力，突出考查对语境的分
析和把握能力。常见的猜词法有：(1)利用上下文语境。猜测任何词义都离不开上下文，所以要借助上下文
对需要猜测的词或短语进行合乎逻辑的推测。(2)利用定义或解释性的线索。阅读文章中的有些生词往往在
其后会有对该词进行解释说明的短语或句子，利用它们猜词义较容易(3)利用文章的逻辑关系答题。如并列、
对比、因果、转折关系等。这些逻辑关系往往通过一些相应的词或短语表达出来，如 but, or, however,
so, because 等。(4)利用构词法知识答题。熟记一些前缀、后缀所表达的意思，不仅可以扩大词汇量，而
且帮助我们猜测词义。第 2 小题考查的是人称代词的指代内容，就是利用第 1 种解题方法。
9.【2018 年湖南省常德市】It is the world's most well-known and popular song. It has been sung 18
hundreds of millions of times each year. It has been heard in outer space, at baseball stadiums,
in movies and in domiciles(住处)from the White House to the most remote(遥远的) backwoods shack(
窝棚) in Misissippi. It has been wired into millions of music boxes, greeting cards, watches,
toys, games and other tune-playing products. And it is the only song in the English language to
make people of all ages smile and sing along. The song, of course, is Happy Birthday to You".
This amazing song began its life in 1893. Written by two sisters from Kentucky, Mildred and
Patty Hill, it was originally (起初) named “Good Morning to All”, and intended as a classroom
greeting from teachers to students:
Good morning to you
Good morning to you
Good morning, dear children
Good morning to all.
To this day, no one knows for sure who wrote the new words to Hill’s melody(旋律),or exactly
when it happened. “Happy Birthday to You” first appeared in a songbook in1924.The words were
presented as the second stanza(节) to "Good morning to You".
9. in the first paragraph, “wired” means“_____”in Chinese.
A. 布线 B. 连线 C. 灌制
10. “Good Morning to All'”was written_______.
A. for teachers to greet students
B. for students to greet teachers
C. for teachers and students to greet each other
11. From the last paragraph, we can tell_______.
A. exactly who wrote the new words for Hill's melody
B. for sure when the new words for Hill's melody were written
C. “Happy Birthday to You" and "Good Morning to You were sung together in 1924
12. What’s the best title (标题) for this passage?
A. Good Morning to You
B. Happy Birthday to You
C. Happy Birthday to You and Good Morning to You
【答案】9. C 10. C 11. C 12. B19
【解析】短文介绍了“Happy Birthday to you”这首英文歌曲。每年数亿次被传唱，适合于各个年龄段的
人群，遍布世界各地。还介绍了这首歌的创作时间以及创作背景。
9. 词义猜测题。文章介绍的就是 Happy Birthday to you 这首歌。每年数亿次被传唱，适合于各个年龄段
的人，遍布世界各地，各种音乐盒，贺卡，手表，玩具等都灌制了这首歌曲。故答案为 C。
11. 细节推断题。根据文中句子 To this day, no one knows for sure who wrote the new words to
Hill’s melody(旋律),or exactly when it happened. 可知，没有人确切的知道是谁和什么时间写的这首歌
的旋律，排除 A,B 答案，故答案选 C。
12. 标题归纳题。文章介绍的就是 Happy Birthday to you 这首歌。故答案选 B。
10.【2018 年江苏省连云港市】
A Giant Opportunity for Conversation
Visit Toronto’s most exciting attraction this year, the Xie Shou Giant Panda Experience. The
two giant pandas will be on show from 2017 to 2019 to confirm our long-term conversation partnership
promise between China and Canada.
Opening on May 18th, 2017, the show features themes including Eating Bamboo, Threats to Ciant
Pandas and Saving Ciant Pandas. Come eye-to-eye with the pair of giant pandas. This show is open
year round and included with regular Zoo admission.
About us
We are one of Canada’s best zoos with over 6000 animals representing more than 450 species.Come
and explore a world class zoo with award winning shows such as the Gorilla Rainforest, GreatBarrier
Reef and the 10-acre Tundra Trek. Don’t miss our young white lions in the African Savannaor our
African penguins that are built to swim, dive and fly through the sea!
Family fun includes daily keeper talks, five indoor buildings and over 700 acres to explore.
Seasonal areas also include kid’s areas such as the Discovery Zone, Splash Island, Kids Zoo and 20
theWaterside Theatre.
Directions
By car: Take Hwy 401 East or West to Meadowvale Rd. in Toronto(Exit 389).
By transit: For T.T.C.(public transil) call 416-393-4636 or visit ttc.ca.
Admission
May 1-Oct. 31 Nov.1-April 30
General (ages 13-64)=$28 General (ages 13-64)=$23
Senior (ages 65+)=$23 Senior (ages 65+)=$18
Child (ages 3-12)=$18 Child (ages 3-12)=$14
Child (ages 2 and under)=FREE Child (ages 2 and under)=FREE
Information: Tel(416) 392-5929
torontozoo. com
Tourism Toronto: 1-800-363-1990
31. What’s the purpose of the giant panda show in Toronto?
A. To come eye-to-eye with the pair of giant pandas and explore the world class zoo.
B. To let people know the threats to Giant Pandas and raise money to save Giant Pandas.
C. To attract visitors to have a family fun in daily keeper talks and five indoor buildings.
D. To confirm our long-term conversation partnership promise between China and Canada.
32. What shows will you be awarded if you win in exploring a world class zoo?
①young white lions ②10-acre Tundra Trek ③Discovery Zone
④the Gorilla Rainforest ⑤Great Barrier Reef
A. ①②③ B. ①②⑤ C. ②③④ D. ②④⑤
33. If a family of five want to visit the zoo, including parents, grandfather aged 66 and two
children aged 10 and 2, how much should they pay at least?
A. $55 B. $69 C. $78 D. $97
【答案】31. D 32. D 33. C
【解析】这是加拿大一个动物园关于大熊猫表演的一个广告。21
11.【2018 年江苏省连云港市】I spent a lot of time making a large shelf for my cave. I found a big
tree and chopped it down. This took three days. Then, I chopped off the branches. This took another
two days. After that, I chopped the wood away from one side, and then from the other side. This
took more than one month. Altogether it took forty-two days. In England, two men with a good saw
could have made six of these shelves from that tree in half a day.
I also spent a lot of time looking after my corn and rice crops. I had to protect them from wild
animals and birds, so I made a fence around them. I shot some of the birds and hung them up near
thecorn. After that, all the other birds stayed away. I used one of the old swords I had taken
from the ship to cut down the corn when it was ready. I was very proud of my corn and rice and
worked hard to increase my crops. A few years later, I would have enough corn to make bread. I
had to find a way to grind the corn into flour, but the rocks on the island were not hard enough.
I finally discovered that a very hard piece of wood would do. I used some cloth to separate the
meal from the husks. Not having anoven, I made some square pots with lids and covered them with
hot ashes. This baked the dough, and I had bread! I made my cave bigger again to hold the corn
and flour so that I could make bread whenever I needed to.
I sometimes wondered how I could get to the land which was visible from the other side of the
island. I went to the ship’s boat that was blown onto the beach in the shipwreck. However, I
could not get it to the water. It was too heavy. I tried many different ways of doing it, but
none of them were successful.
34. From Paragraph 1, we know that the writer .
A. made a foolish mistake in chopping down a big tree
B. felt hopeless and couldn’t have made a shelf himself
C. spent a long time making a large shelf without a saw
D. made a small canoe with the wood he chopped down22
35. The writer to protect his corn and rice.
A. watched out for them day and night
B. divided the cave into several different parts
C. put some old swords from the ship around them
D. built a fence and hung some birds bodies near the corn
36. In which order did the writer make bread successfully?
a．The writer found a way to grind the corn into flour.
b．The writer baked the dough with square pots.
c．The writer separated the meal from the husks.
d．The writer made some square pots with lids.
A. a-c-d-b B. a-d-c-b C. b-d-c-a D. c-b-a-d
37. The underlined word “visible” in the last paragraph means .
A. 偏僻的 B. 看得见的 C. 模糊的 D. 遥远的
【答案】34. C 35. D 36. A 37. B
【解析】文章讲述了作者在一个小岛上的经历。
34. 根据 I spent a lot of time making a large shelf for my cave.可知作者做一个大架子花了好长时
间；故选 C
36. 根据 I had to find a way to grind the corn into flour, I used some cloth to separate the meal
from the husks. I made some square pots with lids This baked the dough, and I had bread!故选 A
37. 根据 I sometimes wondered how I could get to the land which was visible from the other side
of the island.有时我想知道我怎么到达在这个小岛的对面的能被看见的陆地。故选 B
12.【2018 年江苏省连云港市】
Fresh off his MasterChef Junior run, Evan Robinson, who is only 12 years old, is using his kitchen
skills to raise money for Puerto Rico. The TV show contestant wanted to offer help after hurricanes(23
飓风) hit the country last September.
“I’ve been seeing, all over the news, people struggling,” Evan said. “They can’t get fresh
water, electricity; they can’t get really anything. I know I’m just a kid, but I think if a
lot of people do something, a lot of things will get better.”
He raises money by baking and taking online orders for homemade empanadas(馅 饼). He started cooking
on a recent Friday night. By the next Sunday evening, he had filled orders for 420 empanadas —
— roasted chicken, cheeseburger and vegetarian — — getting $18 for six empanadas and $30 for
a dozen.
His mom, Veronica Robinson, helped him send the empanadas around the city. “We’ve never done
anything like this before,” she said. “But it’s a great idea, so I want to help him make it
work.”
For Evan’s out-of-town friends and supporters, he has set up a crowdfunding(众筹) page. Through
it, he’s hoping to raise $1, 500 in “virtual (虚 拟 的) empanadas”. This is because he heard
on the news that it could take Puerto Rico years, maybe even 10 years, to recover(复 原) from
the hurricanes. And he said, “Fruit pies are up next. And my baking will continue as well.”
It’s a difficult job, especially for a kid with homework and Boy Scouts and friendships to tend
to. But he doesn’t seem worried.
“It’s what we’re supposed to do.” he said. “I’m a human. They’re humans. Why shouldn’t
I help them?”
Indeed.
38. How did Evan help those struggling in Puerto Rico?
A. He asked his parents to send the empanadas around the city.
B. He continued offering a lot of fresh water and fruit pies to them.
C. He donated his big winning prize in his MasterChef Junior run.
D. He raised money by selling homemade empanadas through online orders.
39. Evan set up a crowdfunding page because .
A. he raised more money than he expected for the people in need
B. he knew that it could take Puerto Rico a long time to recover
C. he wanted more and more friends to know his kitchen skills
D. the number of online orders was beyond his expectation24
40. According to the passage, which are the best words to describe Evan?
A. kind-hearted and helpful B. careful and confident
C. honest and hard-working D. humorous and organized
41. How can we understand the last sentence in the passage?
A. Friendship is important in our lives. B. It’s difficult for humans to raise money.
C. We should help those who’re in need. D. Everyone must do something unusual.
【答案】38. D 39. B 40. A 41. C
【解析】文章讲述了 Evan Robinson 一个 12 岁的小男孩，通过卖他自己制作的食物来为受灾的人筹钱。
38. 根据 He raises money by baking and taking online orders for homemade empanadas(馅 饼).可知
是通过在网上卖馅饼来筹钱；故选 D
40. 根据文章讲述了 Evan Robinson 一个 12 岁的小男孩，通过卖他自己制作的食物来为受灾的人筹钱。可
知他是一个有爱心，乐于助人的孩子；故选 A
41. 根据“It’s what we’re supposed to do.” he said. “I’m a human. They’re humans. Why
shouldn’t I help them?”可知我们应该帮助有需要的人；故选 C
13.【2018 年江苏省连云港市】Bats are the only mammals that can fly a great distance, but they have
another ability. Many bats live a very long time for an animal their size.
European researchers are studying bats to understand why they live so long. They hope to make
discoveries to fight the aging process (过程) in human beings.
Last week, the group of scientists said they had found important biological qualities in some
bat species. The group studied bat chromosomes (染 色 体), a line of genes found in the nucleus(
核) ofcells. The scientists were most interested in parts connected to the ends of the
chromosomes. They are called telomeres(端 粒). Telomeres protect the ends of chromosomes, which
shorten each time a cell divides. Scientists believe this shortening process causes cells to break
down. .
A report on bats was published this month in the journal Science Advances.
Among the leaders of the study was Emma Teeling, a biologist with University College Dublin in 25
Ireland. Teeling said studying long-living mammals that have developed ways to fight aging “is
another way to prove the molecular(分 子) basis of extended ‘health length.’” She added that
studying bats made scientists able to learn more about the processes “that drive healthy aging.”
The European researchers studied 493 bats from four bat species. The group used information that
had been gathered over more than 60 years. Of these animals, the greater mouse-eared bat generally
lived the longest, an average of 37 years.
The scientists said this and a related species, which are grouped together under the name Myotis,
had telomeres that did not shorten with age. Another Myotis bat holds the record for oldest age,
reaching 41 years.
The scientists’ findings suggest that these bats’ cells have the ability to keep and repair
their telomeres. This, they said, helps guard against the aging process. Based on its body size,
a bat like the greater mouse-eared bat would be expected to live four years. But, these mammals
have been found to live nearly 10 times longer than that.
The scientists found that Eighteen of these are bats. The only exception is an unusual African
rodent, the naked mole rat.
42. Which sentence can be put at the end of Paragraph 3?
A. This makes scientists able to study bats.
B. That’s why bats can fly a great distance.
C. They say this is what causes aging.
D. They discover the cells connected to humans.
43. Why do some species of bats live a very long time?
A. Because they have a line of long-living genes out of the cells.
B. Because their cells have the ability to keep and repair their telomeres.
C. Because they have another ability to live longer without any food or water.
D. Because telomeres protect the ends of chromosomes to stop cells dividing.
44. The underlined word “that” refers to .
A. four years B. body size C. the aging process D. the ability to repair
45. What’s the best title of the passage?
A. Differences Between Long-Living Animals
B. A Science Report on Chromosomes26
C. Do Bats Hold the Secret to Long Life?
D. Are Humans and Bats Similar in Protecting Themselves?
【答案】42. C 43. B 44. A 45. C
【解析】文章讲述了蚂蚁是个长寿的动物的事情。
42. 根据 Scientists believe this shortening process causes cells to break down 可知这就是引起老化的
东西；故选 C
14.【2018 年江苏省无锡市中考】Mind Maps
Mind maps are a great way of showing a picture of information that you need to learn. You can
use mind maps for all kinds of learning. They work very well for vocabulary when you are learning
a new language.
1 Draw a circle in the middle of the page and write the vocabulary subject in the middle. For
example:
transport
2 Brainstorm some word groups for ‘transport’ and think of headings for each one. For example:
sea transport
land transport
air transport
For each one, draw a short line from the centre circle outwards. Add another circle and write
the new group word in the middle.
3 Look at each group and try to add more groups. For example, in ‘land transport’ there are
two sub-groups;
●road
●rail
Draw two more lines, add two more circles and write the two new headings inside them.
4 When you can’t make any new groups, add a line for each word you know. Write the words along
the lines or, if you have space, write them inside more circles.27
5 As you learn new vocabulary, add it to the mind map.
6 To make the mind maps even better, use colour to show important ideas or parts of the map.
28. The instructions above mainly show us __________.
A. what mind maps are B. how to draw mind maps
C. what mind maps can do D. how to make mind maps better
29. What can we learn about mind maps?
A. Mind maps are usually started with a line.28
B. Mind maps should be simple, with no colour.
C. A mind map is only used for language learning.
D. A mind map is a picture with useful information.
30. Which of the following shows the right order of making a mind map?
a. Draw a circle in the middle of the page.
b. Add new circles and write the group words ‘sea’, ‘land’ and ‘air’ in them.
c. Write ‘transport’ in the middle of the circle.
d. Brainstorm some word groups for ‘transport’.
A. a-c-d-b. B. a-d-c-b C. d-a-c-b. D. d-a-b-c.
【答案】28. B 29. D 30. A
【解析】短文重点介绍了思维导图的制作方法。思维导图是展示我们需要学习的信息的一种很好的方式，
我们可以使用思维导图来进行各种学习，对我们的学习有很大的帮助。
28. 主旨大意题。根据短文所列举的 6 条可知，短文主要介绍了思维导图的制作方法。答案为 B。
30.细节理解题。根据短文前 4 点有关思维导图的制作方法介绍可知，首先，在页面中间画一个圆；在圆圈
中间写上主题词汇“运输”；头脑风暴“运输”，对于每一个词组，从中心圆圈向外画一条短直线，在画
上几个圆圈，在圆圈里写上海上运输、陆上运输、航空运输。正确的顺序为 a-c-d-b.答案选 A。
15.【2018 年江苏省无锡市中考】
From Asia to America and everywhere in between, Swing-an energetic form of dance that includes
six-step and eight-step rhythms(节奏) - has taken the world by storm. Making a recent 29
comeback, swing dance floors have popped up all over the world. Many clubs make fans of Swing
happy by holding nights when swing music is played, and sometimes even offering classes to attract
customers.
Though Swing is now popular worldwide, it first appeared alongside the jazz movements of the 1920s
and 1930s in New York City. While listening to jazz, the young black people of that time developed
the movements of the Lindy Hop - a style of dance that is best known for a break away or ‘swing
out’ move and sudden improvisation(即兴表演).
It was reportedly given this name when a reporter was interviewing a person at the dance hall
who was watching other couples dance. When asked what that dance was called, the watcher looked
at a newspaper next to him that had an article about Lindbergh- the first person to fly alone
across the Atlantic(大西洋)-which was titled, ‘Lindy Hops the Atlantic’. Then the watcher
announced that the ‘Lindy Hop’ was the name of the dance, and it has stuck since then.
In 1926, the Savoy Ballroom was the first large business to offer a place for people to listen
to swing music and dance. With its huge dance floor, the Savoy became a big success overnight,
attracting some of the best dancers and musicians in the New York area.
Within ten years, the Lindy Hops was sweeping through the United States and became a symbol of
unity, as young people of all racial(种族的)backgrounds crowded into dance halls to swing the
night away. Traditional dance teachers did not welcome it because they thought it was not even
a real dance and were quite sure about its demise but Swing has proved them wrong; it continues
to be one of the world’s most fun dances.
34. The writing purpose of this passage is __________.
A. to introduce a popular form of dance
B. to discover the fun secrets of a dance
C. to tell stories about an energetic dance
D. to describe the special moves of a dance
35. Which of the following words has the closest meaning to ‘demise’?
A. Challenge. B. Change. C. Development. D. Death.
36. What can we learn about Swing?
A. It’s a lively dance with strict rules.
B. It has a close connection to a pilot.30
C. It has a history of around 90 years.
D. It attracts mostly young black people.
37. What can we infer(推断)from the passage?
A. The dance style will soon be accepted by traditional dance teachers.
B. The name was changed from ‘Lindy Hop’ to ‘Swing’ in the 1940s.
C. The movements of different Swing dancers always look the same.
D. The dance might have become unpopular sometime in its history.
【答案】34. A 35. D 36. C 37. A
【解析】短文介绍了摇摆舞是一种充满活力的舞蹈形式。还介绍了它的历史起源，摇摆舞是爵士舞蹈中的
一种，最早出现在二十世纪二三十年代的美国，不仅在美国本土拥有大批忠实的追随者，而且深受世界各
地人们的喜爱。
34.主旨大意题。短文介绍了摇摆舞是一种充满活力的舞蹈形式，深受世界各地人们的喜爱，还介绍了它的
历史起源，故答案为 A。
36. 细节理解题。根据第二段中的句子“Though Swing is now popular worldwide, it first appeared
alongside the jazz movements of the 1920s and 1930s in New York City.”可知，摇摆舞最早出现在
20 世纪 20 年代和 30 年代纽约的爵士乐运动中。有 90 多年的历史，故答案为 C。
37.细节推断题。根据短文最后一段可知，传统的舞蹈教师不欢迎摇摆舞，但他们认为摇摆舞会消亡的观点
被证明是错误的，因为各种不同肤色的青年人都非常喜欢它，可以推断这种舞蹈风格将很快被传统舞蹈教
师所接受。通读全文可知，摇摆舞是一种自娱性很强的即兴舞蹈，用不着循规蹈矩，没有严格的动作规范，
只需掌握其常用组合动作，即可自由发挥。这种舞蹈形式自得名‘Lindy Hop’以来始终没有改变，在各个
不同的历史时期深受人们的喜爱，故 B,C,D 答案都不对，答案选 A。
点睛：阅读理解中考查的题型主要有细节理解题、主旨大意题、推理判断题（普通推断、推断文章出处）、
词义猜测题等题型。在解答词义猜测题时，由于短文中出现了部分生词，在不允许查字典的情况下，只能
运用“猜测词义法”来猜测单词的意思。猜词的技巧有多种，可以通过因果关系，对比关系猜词；也可以
通过同义词，反义词或构词法猜词，以及上下文的句意去判断，如第 2 小题，可以通过上下文语境，运用
逻辑推理能力，准确猜出词义。31
16.【2018 年山东省滨州中考】Inventions make the world better, smarter and a little more fun.
The folding bike helmet (头盔)
People hate to wear a helmet because it’s thick and heavy.
Morpher is a bike helmet made from plastics. It is just as strong
as the traditional ones, but flexible (灵活的) enough to fold
almost totally flat. Also it is much easier to carry.
Shoes that tie themselves
After we see the movie Back to the Future, almost everyone wants
a pair of self-tying shoes. Now, thanks to Nike, the shoe dream
comes true. When you press a button, the shoes can tie themselves.
The smart alarm clock—Hello Sense
An alarm clock, called Hello Sense, can improve your sleep. It
can control the temperature, light and even air quality in your
bedroom to help you have a perfect sleep environment. And it can
record your sleep cycles.
Sweet potatoes that could save lives
The lack ( 缺 乏 ) of vitamin A can cause blindness and many other
illnesses for illnesses. In sub-Saharan Africa, plant experts are
helping them grow a kind of new sweet potatoes. These potatoes
can help them
fight against some illnesses.
26. The folding bike helmet is .
A. thick and heavy B. made from metal
C. not as strong as a traditional one D. flexible enough to fold almost flat
27. Which company makes self-tying shoes?32
A. Adidas. B. Kappa. C. Nike. D. Li-Ning.
28. The smart alarm clock can NOT .
A. improve our sleep B. control our weight
C. record our sleep cycles D. control the temperature in the bedroom
29. If a child has a poor eyesight, he may be in the lack of .
A. vitamin A B. vitamin B C. vitamin C D. vitamin D
30. You can find the passage in a .
A. newspaper B. story book C. guide book D. cookery book
【答案】26. D 27. C 28. B 29. A 30. A
【解析】短文介绍了四种不同的发明创造。一种可以折叠的自行车头盔，一种能够自己系鞋带的鞋子，一
款新型的智能闹钟，以及在撒哈拉以南非洲，植物专家培育出的一种能对抗多种疾病的新的甘薯。
28.细节理解题。根据第三栏的介绍可知，这种新型的智能闹钟可以改善你的睡眠。它可以控制卧室的温度、
光线甚至空气质量，帮助你拥有一个完美的睡眠环境。它还可以记录你的睡眠周期。不能控制我们的体重，
故答案为 B。
29. 推理判断题。根据第四栏中的文字“The lack ( 缺 乏 ) of vitamin A can cause blindness and many
other illnesses for illnesses.”可知，缺乏维生素 A 会导致失明和许多其他的疾病。因此判断如果一个
孩子视力差，他可能缺乏维生素 A。故答案为 A。
30. 细节推理题。A. newspaper 报纸； B. story book 故事书；C. guide book 指南书；D. cookery book
烹饪书。短文介绍了四种不同的发明创造。因此最有可能出现在报纸上，故答案选 A。
17.【2018 年山东省滨州中考】I was walking around in a store. I saw a cashier (收银员) hand a little
boy his money back, saying, “I’m sorry, but you don’t have enough money to buy this doll.”
I walked towards him and asked him who the doll was for.
“It’s the doll that my sister wanted most for Christmas,” he said. I told him that maybe Santa
Claus will bring it to her and that he shouldn’t worry. He sadly replied, “No, Santa Claus can’t
bring it to her. I have to give the doll to my mom so that she can give it to my sister when she
joins her.”33
His eyes were so sad while saying this. “My sister has gone to be with God. Daddy says that
Mom is going to see God very soon too, so I thought that she could take the doll with her to give
it to my sister.”
My heart nearly stopped. I quickly reached for my wallet and suggested that we count the money
again. “Okay,” he said. “I hope that I have enough.” I added some of my money to his without
letting him see and we started to count it. There was enough for the doll and even some spare
money left. “Thank you, God, for giving me enough money!” the little boy said.
I left the store, feeling as if my life had been changed forever.
31. Why couldn’t the boy buy the doll?
A. Because he didn’t know the cashier. B. Because he didn’t have enough money.
C. Because he didn’t find the doll. D. Because the dolls had been sold out.
32. The boy wanted to buy the doll for .
A. Santa Claus B. his sister C. his mother D. his father
33. What does the first sentence in Paragraph 4 mean?
A. The writer’s heart stopped working suddenly.
B. The writer had a heart problem.
C. The writer was so touched by the boy.
D. The writer was scared after hearing the story.
34. According to the passage, which of the following is TRUE?
A. The boy’s mom was badly ill. B. The cashier gave the doll to the boy for free.
C. The boy’s mom wanted the doll most. D. Santa Claus brought the doll to the boy’s sister.
35. What did the writer do to help the boy?
A. He bought the boy a doll.
B. He found a good doctor to save his mother.
C. He told the cashier to sell the doll to the boy.
D. He gave the boy some money to buy the doll.
【答案】31. B 32. B 33. C 34. A 35. D34
31. 细节理解题。根据第一段中的句子“I’m sorry, but you don’t have enough money to buy this
doll.”可知，小男孩没有足够的钱来买那个洋娃娃，故答案为 B。
32. 细节理解题。根据文中句子“It’s the doll that my sister wanted most for Christmas,”he
said. 小男孩在商店想为他的妹妹买洋娃娃作为圣诞礼物，答案为 B。
34. 细节理解题。跟姐姐文中句子“Daddy says that Mom is going to see God very soon too, so I thought
that she could take the doll with her to give it to my sister.” 爸爸说妈妈也很快就要去见上帝
了，所以我想她可以把娃娃带给我妹妹。可以判断小男孩的妈妈得了重病，不久也将离开人世，故答案为
A。
35. 细节理解题。根据“I added some of my money to his without letting him see and we started to
count it. There was enough for the doll and even some spare money left.”可知，作者送给了小男
孩一些钱买下了那个布娃娃。故答案为 D。
18.【2018 年山东省滨州中考】
Four years ago, Chinese skater Wu Dajing introduced himself to the skating world by winning a
silver medal at the Sochi Olympic Winter Games. At this year’s Pyeong Chang Olympics, Wu not
only returned, but also made history.35
On Feb 22th, 2018, Wu won the gold medal in the men’s short-track 500-meter race. He set a new
world record with a
time of 39.584 seconds. He also became the first Chinese man to take home an Olympic short-track
gold medal. BBC said Wu’s win was “flawless”, because he was much faster than all of the other
skaters.
“I didn’t give them a chance and I kept my speed from the start,” he told the reporter after
the match.
But China’s short-track teams didn’t do well in general at the Games. Chinese skaters in the
women’s 500 meters, 3000-meter relay and men’s 1500 meters all failed to take home the gold.
Wu was China’s biggest hope, which put a lot of pressure on him. But he proved himself with his
great performance.
Wu is now known as a highly talented skater. But things were not always that way. When Wu joined
the national team in 2010, he was seen as almost “nothing” compared to gifted skaters like Zhou
Yang and Fan Kexin, as his coaches said at the time. Their words made him quite upset. But Wu
didn’t want to give up and worked as hard as he could. He practiced skating all year round. He
even didn’t return to his hometown for the holidays for 10 years. “I believe in myself,” he
told the reporter after his match at the Olympics.
36. At the Pyeong Chang Olympics, Wu Dajing won the gold medal in the men’s short-track
race.
A. 500-meter B. 1000-meter
C. 1500-meter D. 3000-meter relay
37. What does the underlined word “flawless” mean?
A. Ordinary. B. Common. C. Perfect. D. Difficult.
38. Accor ding to the passage, which of the following is TRUE?
A. Wu won a gold medal at the Sochi Olympic Winter Games four years ago.
B. Wu set the world record with a time of 39.584 seconds and made history.
C. Wu’s coaches placed great hope on him when he joined the national team.
D. Chinese skaters in the women’s 500 meters, 3000-meter relay took home the gold.
39. What does the last paragraph mainly tell us?
A. The national team and coaches regarded Wu as a talented skater all the way.36
B. Wu kept on practicing skating all year round even in the holidays for 10 years.
C. Zhou Yang and Fan Kexin were more hard-working on skating than Wu Dajing.
D. Because of Wu’s hard work, confidence and strong will, he finally succeeded.
40. Which one might be the best title of this passage?
A. From Zero to Skating Hero B. Short-track 500-meter Race
C. Pyeong Chang Winter Olympics D. Rising of China’s Bright Skiing Star
【答案】36. A 37. C 38. B 39. D 40. A
【解析】短文介绍了男子短道速滑选手武大靖的故事。四年前，武大靖在索契冬奥会上获得了银牌。在今
年的平昌奥运会，他在男子短道速滑 500 米比赛中获得金牌。还以 39.584 秒创造了一项新的世界纪录。武
大靖在进入国家队时并不被国家队教练看好，由于武大靖永不放弃的精神、刻苦地训练和坚强的意志才取
得了他今天的成就。
36. 细节理解题。根据文中句子“On Feb 22th, 2018, Wu won the gold medal in the men’s short-track
500-meter race.”可知。2018 年 2 月 22 日，武大靖在男子短道速滑 500 米比赛中获得金牌。故答案为 A。
38. 判断正误题。根据“Four years ago, Chinese skater Wu Dajing introduced himself to the skating
world by winning a silver medal at the Sochi Olympic Winter Games.”可知，四年前，中国滑冰运动员武
大靖在索契冬奥会上获得了银牌。A 错误；根据“He set a new world record with a time of 39.584
seconds.”可知，武大靖以 39.584 秒的时间创造了一项新的世界纪录。B 答案正确；根据 When Wu joined
the national team in 2010, he was seen as almost“nothing”compared to gifted skaters like Zhou
Yang and Fan Kexin, as his coaches said at the time.可知，武大靖在进入国家队时并不被国家队教练看好
，C 答案错误；根据“Chinese skaters in the women’s 500 meters, 3000-meter relay and men’s 1500
meters all failed to take home the gold.”可知，中国选手在女子 500 米、3000 米接力和男子 1500 米
的比赛中都未能夺回金牌。D 答案错误。
39. 细节理解题。根据 But Wu didn’t want to give up and worked as hard as he could. He practiced
skating all year round. He even didn’t return to his hometown for the holidays for 10 years.
“I believe in myself,”可知，正是由于武大靖不懈地努力、刻苦地训练和坚强的意志，终于在平昌奥运
会上男子短道速滑 500 米比赛中获得金牌，并打破了世界纪录，答案为 D。37
40. 主旨大意题。短文的最后一段最能反映文章的主旨。2010 年武大靖刚进国家队时，并不被国家队教练
看好，与周洋和范可欣的滑冰天赋相比，被视为“几乎什么都没有”。后来由于武大靖永不放弃的精神、
刻苦地训练和坚强的意志终于取得了他今天的成就，成为短道速滑的英雄。故最好的标题为 A。
点睛：词义猜测题是阅读理解中常见的一种题型，所猜测词汇可以是生词，也可以是熟词新义，还可以是
人称代词的指代内容。词义猜测题主要考查考生根据上下文推测词义和语义的能力，突出考查对语境的分
析和把握能力。常见的猜词法有：(1)利用上下文语境。猜测任何词义都离不开上下文，所以要借助上下文
对需要猜测的词或短语进行合乎逻辑的推测。(2)利用定义或解释性的线索。阅读文章中的有些生词往往在
其后会有对该词进行解释说明的短语或句子，利用它们猜词义较容易。(3)利用文章的逻辑关系答题。如并
列、对比、因果、转折关系等。这些逻辑关系往往通过一些相应的词或短语表达出来，如 but, or,
however, so, because 等。(4)利用构词法知识答题。熟记一些前缀、后缀所表达的意思，不仅可以扩大词
汇量，而且帮助我们猜测词义。第 2 小题的词义猜测题就是利用第 1 种解题方法。
19.【2018 年山东省枣庄市】
EXCITING stories are everywhere in animation movies. Little villages, wild jungles and a faraway
island…Get ready for trips to these places in some new films
Name Release date Introduction
Kung Fu Panda 3
Jan 29
2018
In China
The chubby Panda Po is back! In the new movie Kung Fu Panda
3, Po finds the Secret Panda Village, and meets many other
pandas. But not all is well. A new enemy Kai comes. He wants
to beat all the kung fu masters around China and take away
their power. Po has to stop him. He tries to teach kung
fu to other pandas, and they try to save China.
The Jungle
Book
April 15
2018
In the US
This is a story about finding one's human nature while
living
in the wild. The boy Mowgli grows up with a family of wolves
in the jungle. A tiger thinks humans are bad because they
hurt him once. As a human, Mowgli finds he is no longer
welcome there and decides to leave. The boy starts his trip
of self-discovery in the jungle38
The Angry
Birds Movie
May 20
2018
In the US
If you played the mobile phone game Angry Birds, you must
remember those colorful little birds with angry faces. But
why on earth are they so angry? That's the story The Angry
Birds Movie wants to tell
The birds live on an island far away from the rest of the
world
and they know nothing of the outside world. One day, the
island meets its first visitors-the green Pigs. They are
up to something. See how the conflict between the birds
and the green pigs began in the 3-D animated movie
11. The underlined word "animation" can be replaced by ___________.
A. play B. cartoon C. war D. opera
12. In order to destroy Kai's plan, Po tries to_____________.
A. find his father Li Shan for help
B. come to China to learn Kung Fu
C. go to his birth place to find villagers for help
D. teach villagers Kung Fu to fight against him
13. Why does Mowgli decide to leave in The Jungle Book at last? Because_____________.
A. he doesn't find humans' nature
B. he wants to start his trip of self-discovery
C. animals don't want to accept him any more
D. he likes living with wolves to find human's nature
14. From The Angry Birds Movie we can guess that__________.
A. living on an island far away from the rest of the world may be very boring
B. people who play the mobile phone game will remember the birds' angry face
C. the first visitors and the birds are up to something
D. the birds might not get along well with the pigs in the following story
15. The information most probably comes from____________.39
A. a fiction B. a newspaper C. a note D. a book
【答案】11. B 12. D 13. C 14. D 15. B
【解析】这是三个卡通电影的上映时间以及简介。
11. 根据这三卡通电影；可知是卡通的意思；故选 B
14. 根据 See how the conflict between the birds and the green pigs began 绿猪和小鸟之间的冲突是怎么
开始的，可知他们相处的不好；故选 D
15. 根据这是三个卡通电影的上映时间以及简介。可知信息可能来自报纸；故选 B
20.【2018 年山东省枣庄市】①He was 11 years old and went fishing every chance he got at his
family’s small house on an island in the middle of a New Hampshire lake.
②On the day before the bass(鲈鱼)season opened, he and his father were fishing early in the
evening, catching sunfish and the bass with worms. Before long, when his fishing pole doubled
over, he knew something huge was on the other end. His father watched him with admiration as the
boy skillfully worked the fish alongside the bank and he very successfully lifted the exhausted
fish from the water. It was the largest one he had ever seen, but it was a bass.
③The boy and his father looked at the handsome fish, the fish jumped up and down in the moonlight.
The father looked at his watch. It was 10 P. M.-two hours before the season opened. He looked
at the fish, then at the boy. "You will have to put it back, my son.” he said.“ I have never
seen such a big fish before.” cried the boy“ There will be other fish." said his father. The
boy looked around the lake. No other fishermen or boats were anywhere around in the moonlight.
He looked again at his father. Even though no one had seen them, nor could anyone ever know what
time he caught the fish, the boy could tell by his father's voice that the decision couldn't be
changed. He slowly worked the hook out of the lip of the huge bass and lowered it into the water.
④That was 34 years ago. And he has never again caught such a beautiful fish as the one he
landed that night long ago. But he does see the fish again and again-every time he comes up against
a question of ethics(伦理). For, as his father taught him, ethics are simple matters of right
and wrong. It is only the practice of ethics that is difficult.40
⑤We would if we were taught to put the fish back when we were young. For we would have learned
the truth. The decision to do right lives fresh in our memory. It is a story we will proudly tell
our friends and grandchildren.
21. Which of the following is NOT true according to the passage?
A. The fish was too huge to lift easily from the water
B. The writer and his father usually went fishing together on an island
C. The fish went back to the water because of the writer's carelessness
D. As time goes by, the writer can still remember every detail clearly.
22. The third paragraph mainly tells us that___________.
A. someone knew when they went fishing
B. it was not a right time to take the bass away
C. the boy has great skill in working the hook out of the fish's lip
D. fishermen and boats were not far away from there
23. After reading this passage, we can infer_________.
A. fishing is a good hobby not only for teens but also adults
B. the boy and his father are examples of the practice of ethics
C. the bass is not permitted to catch in New Hampshire lake
D. it's important to balance fishing the bass and protect it
24. What can we learn from the whole passage?
A. The boy's happy childhood
B. Getting a handsome fish is a very brilliant experience.
C. We do the right thing when we come up against a question of ethics.
D. The practice of ethics is only simple matters of right and wrong
25. _________ might be the best title of this passage.
A. Catch of a life time B. An unforgettable experience
C. Benefits of fishing D. An adventure of a handsome bass
【答案】21. C 22. B 23. B 24. C 25. A
【解析】文章讲诉一个小男孩在渔季开始前两个小时，钓到一条大鱼，他的父亲因为不到捕鱼的时间，而
让他放回去，通过这个故事告诉人们从小就要遵守道德规范。41
23. 根据 It is a story we will proudly tell our friends and grandchildren.可知这对父子是练习道
德规范的榜样；故选 B
24.根据文章讲诉一个小男孩在渔季开始前两个小时，钓到一条大鱼，他的父亲因为不到捕鱼的时间，而让
他放回去，通过这个故事告诉人们从小就要遵守道德规范。可知我们遇到道德规范问题，我们要做对的事
情；故选 C
25.根据文章讲诉一个小男孩在渔季开始前两个小时，钓到一条大鱼，他的父亲因为不到捕鱼的时间，而让
他放回去，通过这个故事告诉人们从小就要遵守道德规范。故选 A
21.【2018 年上海市中考】Summer is a great time to improve your child’s reading!Reading over
the summer can help your child keep up his reading gains during the past school year AND also
help prepare him for the next year!
How to sign up:
We are inviting you to sign up for free to help your child be an active reader this summer!
Go to www. readfun org
Select "Parent" ( NOT "Teacher" )
Click on the blue "Sign Up"
What we provide:
We provide you with thousands of free, high-quality articles with questions and activities.
To make summer reading easy, we have selected interesting and knowledge-filled articles of
different levels. You can go to www. Readfun.org/summer-reading to download and print the
articles for free.
How to use:
TIP 1: Articles for summer reading should be accessible, so be sure to choose articles at your
child’s reading level. Don’t be afraid to star with articles of lower grade levels. The important
thing is that he reads, reads, reads!42
TIP 2: It’s also important to help your kid develop good reading habits. Help him keep a good
record of his summer reading. Besides, encourage him to discuss what he has read with family
members. That way, you will all have a good time.
We wish you and your family a great summer!
44. The first two sentences of the text above are about________.
A. different types of books B. the coming school year
C. the importance of summer reading D. good places for summer reading
45. One of the steps for parents to sign up on www. readfun.org is to______.
A. select “Parent " B .finish a test C. choose a tip D. print an article
46. What does www. readfun.org provide?
A. Online teachers. B. Pen friends' information.
C. Interesting videos D. Articles of different levels
47. The underlined word "accessible" in the text means" easy to_____”.
A. write B. discuss C. understand D. compare
48. According to TIP 2, parents should help their kids develop ___ good reading habit(s).
A. 1 B. 2 C. 3 D. 4
49. The text above is written to ____.
A. introduce a reading programme B. sell books to school kids
C. encourage parents to read more D. share reading experience
【答案】44. C 45. A 46. D 47. C 48. B 49. A
【解析】暑假阅读对学生来说非常重要，文章向家长们推荐了一款阅读程序。对如何注册，阅读程序的相
关阅读文章以及如何使用都做出了详细的说明。
44.细节理解题。第一段的意思是说暑假是提高孩子阅读的好时机！暑假期间阅读可以帮助你的孩子保持他
在过去的学年里的阅读收益，也可以帮助他为下学年做好储备。讲述的是暑假阅读的重要性，故答案为 C。
45. 细节理解题。根据 How to sign up（如何注册）的三个步骤：*Go to www. readfun. org *Select "Parent"
(NOT "Teacher") *Click on the blue "Sign Up"可知，答案为 A。43
47. 词义猜测题。A. write 写；B. discuss 讨论；C. understand 理解；D. compare 比较。根据后面的句
子“so be sure to choose articles at your child’s reading level.”所以一定要选择适合孩子阅读
水平的文章。判断上句的句意为暑假阅读的文章应该比较容易理解，accessible 的意思为“容易理解的”，
答案为 C。
48. 细节理解题。根据 TIP 2 中的句子“Help him keep a good record of his summer reading.
Besides, encourage him to discuss what he has read with family members.”可知，父母帮助孩子养
成良好的阅读习惯包括两点：帮助孩子做好暑期阅读笔记，鼓励孩子与家人讨论他所阅读的内容。故答案
为 B。
49. 主旨大意题。全文都是在介绍如何使用 www.Readfun.org/summer-reading 这个网站进行暑期阅读，因
此文章介绍的实际上是一个阅读程序，故答案选 A。
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