1
专题 08 阅读理解（人物或故事类、科普或环
境保护类或健康类、社会现象或历史文化教育类）
1.【2018 年四川省宜宾】
Wang Fuman is a 10-year-old student. He is now studying in
Zhuanshanbao Primary School in Zhaotong, Yunnan Province. On Monday morning (January 8, 2018),
he braved -9℃ weather to travel over an hour to reach his school.
When he arrived, his hair and eyebrows had been completely frozen with snowflake (雪花). This
made his 16 classmates laugh a lot. Fu Heng,
Wang’s teacher saw this and took a picture. He uploaded (上传) Wang’s picture. The picture soon
has got much attention to children from poor families in the countryside. Wang, who has been
nicknamed “Snowflake Boy” by netizens, became famous online overnight. By Wednesday morning,
his picture had been “liked” more than 260,000 times on Sina Weibo and shared more than 40,000
times.
After hearing Wang’s story, the Yunnan China Youth Development Foundation held a public donation
( 捐赠) activity for children from poor families. The Foundation has promised to
give each poor child 500 yuan ($75) to help them stay warm in winter.2
By 1 pm on Wednesday, the Foundation had collected about 300,000 yuan in public donations, according
to their website. Wang’s village now has electricity and tap water, “…and
my family is getting help to build a new house close to the school”, Wang said, “I think our
life will get better.”
25. What was the weather like on Monday morning?
A. Snowy and cold. B. Rainy and cold. C. Snowy but warm. D. Rainy but warm.
26. Why did the classmates laugh when Wang entered the classroom?
A. Because he lost his books . B. Because he told a joke.
C. Because he looked funny. D. Because he was late.
27. The Foundation held a public donation to help the poor children .
A. stay happy B. keep healthy
C. stay educated D. keep warm in winter
28. What can we know from the text?
A. Zhaotong’s weather in winter is warm.
B. Wang’s future life may become better.
C. Wang’s village had electricity before.
D. Few people shared the boy’s picture.
【答案】25. A 26. C 27. D 28. B
【解析】文章讲述了雪花男孩王福满的故事。
25. 根据 On Monday morning (January 8, 2018), he braved -9℃ weather to travel over an hour to
reach his school.和 his hair and eyebrows had been completely frozen with snowflake (雪花).可知那天
早晨天气下雪，寒冷；故选 A
28. 根据 the Foundation had collected about 300,000 yuan in public donations, according to their
website. Wang’s village now has electricity and tap water, “…and my family is getting help
to build a new house close to the school”, Wang said, “I think our life will get better.”可知冰雪男
孩未来的生活也许会更好；故选 B3
2.【2018 年四川省宜宾】China’s national anthem, March of the Volunteers, is a song that we learn
at the beginning of primary school and sing at every flag-raising ceremony. And now, there’s
even a law to protect it.
Last September, the government passed the National Anthem Law, which became effective(生效)
from Oct.1, 2017. It states how we should sing or play the song, requiring all of us to behave
towards it politely.
Primary and middle schools must teach the anthem to their students and make them understand the
song’s spirit and history. Moreover, the law requires us to be serious when we are singing the
song. We can’t joke about it or change the song’s words or music. If someone breaks the law,
he or she can be detained for up to 15 days, or face further punishment in more serious situations.
The national anthem is different from other songs – it is the symbol of our country.
Many foreign countries also have laws for their national anthems. For example, American school
children should put their right hand over their heart while singing their country’s anthem at
school. In Russia, the national anthem must be played on television and radio before the start
and end of broadcasting. And in the Philippines, people are required to sing the national anthem
with feelings when it’s played in public.
29. How long has the National Anthem Law become effective till now?
A. For more than one year. B. For just half a year.
C. For less than 9 months. D. For about 10 months.
30. Why must we be serious when singing the song?
A. Because the school asks us to. B. Because it has a long history.
C. Because we are good students. D. Because it’s our country’s symbol.
31. What does the underlined word “detained” mean?
A. Kept in a police station. B. Forced to work.
C. Prevented from eating. D. Kept singing the song.
32. Students are required to put their right hand over their heart in .
A. China B. America C. Philippine D. Russia
【答案】29. C 30. D 31. A 32. B
【解析】文章介绍了中国制定了国歌法。
29. 根据 which became effective(生效)from Oct.1, 2017.可知从 2017 年 10 月 1 号生效，不到 9 个月；4
故选 C
30. 根据 the law requires us to be serious when we are singing the song.和 it is the symbol of
our country 可知严肃对待我们的国歌，因为它是我们国家的象征；故选 D
31. 根据 If someone breaks the law, he or she can be detained for up to 15 days,可知如果有人破坏了这
个法律，他可能会被拘留最多 15 日；故选 A
3.【2018 年四川省宜宾】What can be both red or green, round or sharp, big or small, and more
importantly, loved or hated by someone? Yes, the answer is chilies (辣椒).
Many of us in China enjoy adding chilies to our food, but did you know that this spicy (辣 的
) vegetable could also be dangerous? A 34-year-old US man recently ended up in hospital after
eating a Carolina Reaper, the spiciest chili people have known so far. After taking just a single
bite of one, the man suffered from serious headaches in the following days, reported BBC News.
In fact, eating spicy food causes stomachache and headache. But if chilies are harmful, why do
people like to eat this vegetable? So what makes people love chilies so much? The human body is
influenced by natural chemicals that produce “a sense of happiness”, noted BBC News.
And chilies do good to people in another way. Scientists found that the death rate of those who
eat spicy food once or twice a week is 10 percent lower than those who eat it less than once a
week. The death rate is 14 percent lower for those who eat spicy food six to seven times a week.
This encourages people to eat more spicy food to improve health and bring less death risk at an
early age. So, don’t worry if you love spicy food. It seems that chilies are actually good for
us.
33. What is the main idea of the second paragraph?
A. Eating chilies can be dangerous. B. The US man died in hospital.
C. The US man often had headaches. D. The Chinese enjoy eating chilies.
34. People like to eat chilies because .
A. chilies do no harm to people B. the chili is a kind of vegetable
C. they can get personal enjoyment D. chemicals in chilies make them mad5
35. What is true about the last paragraph?
A. The more chilies you eat, the longer you must live.
B. Scientists encourage us to add chilies to our food.
C. We should eat spicy food six times a week.
D. Proper spicy food may improve our health.
36. Which of the following can be the best title?
A. Eating Chilies, A Healthy Lifestyle B. A Loved and Hated Vegetable
C. Chili—A Harmful Vegetable D. Causes of Stomachache
【答案】33. A 34. C 35. D 36. B
【解析】文章介绍了关于辣椒的一些情况，一种让人又爱又恨的蔬菜。
33. 根据 Many of us in China enjoy adding chilies to our food, but did you know that this spicy
(辣 的) vegetable could also be dangerous? A 34-year-old US man recently ended up in hospital
after eating a Carolina Reaper, the spiciest chili people have known so far. After taking just
a single bite of one, the man suffered from serious headaches in the following days, reported
BBC News.可知吃辣椒有时也很危险；故选 A
34. 根据 The human body is influenced by natural chemicals that produce “a sense of
happiness”可知人们喜欢吃辣椒，他能得到一种个人享受；故选 C
36. 根据文章介绍了关于辣椒的一些情况，一种让人又爱又恨的蔬菜。可知选 B
4.【2018 年浙江省金华】Teenagers are known for being creative and full of new ideas. Let’s have
a look at these teenage inventions that might change the world.
Banana leaves usually go bad in two or three days. Tenith Adithyaa, a teenager
from India, used UV to make the leaves stay fresh for a year. Tenith thinks that
one day the leaves will be used for making plates, cups and other things.6
David Cohen, an American teenager, built an earthworm(蚯蚓) robot. It is able
to go into the smallest places, where humans or dogs can’t go. It will be used
for finding people in a fire or an earthquake.
Remya Jose, a 14-year-old from India, found it tiring and boring to handwash
clothes in the nearby river. She reused some bicycle parts and created a washing
machine that saves time, energy and keeps people fit at the same time.
Kenneth Shinozuku, a 15-year-old from New York, noticed that his grandfather who
got Alzheimer＇s disease（老年痴呆） would often leave home and get lost. So he
invented the wearable sensors(感应器)to help people find their family members
like his grandfather.
16. What is the passage mainly about?
A. Popular ads
B. Useful machines
C. Strange pictures.
D. Teenage inventions
17. The earthworm robot by David Cohen can ______.
A. make things stay fresh
B. help people wash clothes
C. go into the smallest places7
D. take care of the old people
18. Which of the following is TRUE
A. Plates and cups are made of fresh banana leaves.
B. Remya's washing machine can also keep people fit.
C. David Cohen is a middle school student from India.
D. Kenneth's wearable sensors will keep old people at home.
【答案】16. D 17. C 18. B
【解析】短文展示了青少年的 4 项发明创造。如何使树叶保鲜；蚯蚓机器人；自行车部件改装的洗衣机；
可穿戴的传感器。
16. 主旨大意题。根据表格前面的句子“Let’s have a look at these teenage inventions that might
change the world.” 让我们来看看这些可能改变世界的青少年的发明。可知短文展示了青少年的一些发明
创造，故答案选 D。
17. 细节理解题。根据表格第二栏中的句子“David Cohen, an American teenager, built an earthworm(
蚯蚓) robot. It is able to go into the smallest places,”可知，David Cohen 的蚯蚓机器人可以进入最小
的地方。故答案选 C。
18. 判断正误题。根据表格第三栏中的句子“She reused some bicycle parts and created a washing machine
that saves time, energy and keeps people fit at the same time.” 雷米发明的这种洗衣机也能让人
们保持健康。故 B 答案正确。
5.【2018 年浙江省金华】Understanding Graphics（图表）
When we are reading, we often see one or two graphics in a text. Have you ever thought about these
questions: Why are they there? What information do they give? Do they help with our reading and
understanding?
Graphics are things like pictures, maps, charts and tables. They give information to readers.
Very often, we can see different kinds of graphics in books, magazines and newspapers. Writers
use graphics to get the readers'attention and give them some particular(特别的)information.
Graphics help to understand the given information in a text. And graphics put the information
in a particular order so that it's easy to understand when we take a quick look.
It is not always true that a picture is worth a thousand words. But many things are easier to
show than to tell and they may also be easier to understand. Graphics are just the right things
that give a great deal of information but it doesn’t take much time to read and understand.8
The right way to read and understand a graphic is to look at the picture and the words together.
In a graphic, only a few words are used to explain what the picture shows you. Sometimes, numbers
and percentages(百分比) are also given to go with the words to explain things.
Now look at the graphic on the right. It is how a researcher used a graphic to show the number
of hours spent sleeping by British teenagers each day. Can you understand it?
19. Which of the following is mentioned as a graphic?
A. A letter.
B. A poem.
C. A map.
D. A name card.
20. The writer thinks graphics are important because ____________.
A. less space is taken on a page
B. a picture is worth a thousand words
C. a lot of time can be saved for writers
D. many things are easier to show than to tell
21. When we read a graphic, we should ______.
A. find out if there are any tables in it
B. put the information in the right order
C. count how many words there are in it
D. look at the picture and the words together
22. The graphic given in the passage tells us that ________.9
A. 5 British teenagers sleep for 8-9 hours every day
B. Chinese 18-year-olds spend 5-6 hours sleeping every day
C. 17% of the British teenagers sleep for 3-4 hours each day
D. 42% of the Chinese teenagers spend 6-7 hours sleeping each day
【答案】19. C 20. D 21. D 22. C
【解析】短文介绍了图表的作用以及如何正确使用图表的方法。图表包括图片、地图、图纸和表格之类的
东西。文本中插入图表能帮助读者更直观快捷地理解相关信息，理解图表的正确方法是把图片和文字一起
来阅读。
19. 细节理解题。根据第二段中的句子“Graphics are things like pictures, maps, charts and
tables.” 图表是图片、地图、图纸和表格之类的东西。地图属于图表，故答案为 C。
21. 细节理解题。根据短文第 4 段中的句子“The right way to read and understand a graphic is to look
at the picture and the words together.”阅读和理解图表的正确方法是把图片和文字一起看。故答案为 D。
22. 图表理解题。根据图表下面的文字“The number of hours spent sleeping by British teenagers each
day.”可知，图表显示的是英国青少年每天睡觉的时间。通过统计表分析，17%的英国青少年每天睡觉 3-4
小时，故答案为 C。
6.【2018 年浙江省金华】Shyness can be an unhappy feeling. But the good news is, you're not
alone. Scientists say that more than 40 percent of teenagers and adults consider themselves shy.
Shyness is feeling a little nervous or as if you want to hide when you're around other people
or in a new situation.
___ Scientists say such things as genetics（遗传基因）， life experiences， and environment can
influence whether a person is shy. For example, in some families, everybody seems to be shy.
What happens if you are shy? Well, being shy may cause you to avoid or miss opportunities you
would enjoy.10
How do people overcome (克服)shyness? This is what Gilbert tells us. "When I started off trying
to get over being shy, I decided to do little steps at a time, including practicing smiling and
saying hi to people. And it worked for me. “
But shyness is not the kind of thing that most people can get over overnight. Overcoming shyness
take time and needs practice.
Here are some tips given by scientists.
Think of what to talk about before you leave home. Prepare things to talk about before you're
in a social situation. For example, if you know your classmates are interested in an upcoming
event, learn about it so you can join in the conversations.
Let people know you're shy. If you're shy, just show it. Instead of letting people guess, tell
them the truth. Explain that you are shy and feel nervous but enjoy talking to people.
Make things easy for the other person. Remember, you’re not the only shy person around. Do what
you think might help others feel good-for example, say hello or smile.
Pick one social skill to practice at a time. Start simply. For example, smile or be the first
person to say hi. Choose skills you feel comfortable enough with to practice for a day, a week,
a month, or even a year.
23. Which of the following can be put in the blank in Paragraph2?
A. What is shyness?
B. What makes people shy?
C. Can shyness be good for us?
D. Can we overcome shyness?
24. The example of Gilbert in Paragraph 4 is given to _____.
A. show how people overcome shyness
B. introduce a shy girl called Gilbert
C. tell the right time to practice smiling
D. explain the steps of overcoming shyness
25. What does the underlined word "overnight" in Paragraph 5 most probably mean?
A. Correctly.
B. Suddenly.
C. Slowly.11
D. Finally.
26. Which of the following is the right way to overcome shyness?
A. Don’t let others know that you are shy.
B. Wait for others to say hello to you first.
C. Choose several skills to practice at a time.
D. Get ready before you join in a social situation.
【答案】23. B 24. A 25. B 26. D
【解析】含羞会给人们带来不愉快的感受，科学家认为遗传基因、生活经历和环境等因素会影响一个人是
否害羞。克服害羞需要一个漫长的过程，短文给出了一些克服害羞的方法与建议。
23. 细节理解题。根据第二段中的句子“Scientists say such things as genetics（遗传基因），life
experiences，and environment can influence whether a person is shy.”科学家认为遗传基因、生活
经历和环境等因素会影响一个人是否害羞。可以判断前面的句子应该是导致人害羞的一些因素，故答案选
B. What makes people shy? 什么使人害羞。
24. 细节理解题。根据短文第 4 段中的句子 How do people overcome (克服)shyness? This is what Gilbert
tells us.”人们如何克服羞怯？这就是吉尔伯特告诉我们的。后面吉尔伯特所列举的例子就是告诉人们克
服一些害羞的方法，故答案为 A。
25. 词义猜测题。A. Correctly.正确地；B. Suddenly.突然地；C. Slowly.慢慢地；D. Finally.最后。根据
后面的句子“Overcoming shyness take time and needs practice.”克服害羞需要时间，需要实践训练。
可以得知害羞不是大多数人能在一夜之间就可以克服的，也就是克服害羞需要一个漫长的过程，故答案为
B。
26. 细节判断题。根据“Prepare things to talk about before you're in a social situation. For
example, if you know your classmates are interested in an upcoming event, learn about it so you
can join in the conversations.” 在社交场合之前，准备一些要讨论的事情。例如，如果你知道你的同
学对即将到来的事件感兴趣，就去了解它，这样你就可以加入对话了。可知，在参加社交活动之前要做好
充分的准备，这样就可以有效的克服羞怯的心理。答案为 D。
7.【2018 年浙江省绍兴中考】17-year-old Brennan Agranoff，a colorblind boy，started his custom sock
business in middle school，withnall loan （贷款）he got from his Parents. Up till now，he has
sold over 1 million worth of socks online in the last four years
Brennan thought of the idea for his custom sock company at just 13 years old. He was attending
a highschool basketball game in his hometown of Sherwood，Oregon，and noticed that many kids his 12
age were wearing the same white Nike sport socks. The boy told himself that if these white plain
socks were so popular with kids， then some cool custom designs would surely be an even greater
hit.
But the boy didn＇t tell his parents about the business idea immediately. He spent six months
researching things like printing machines and technology and drawing up a business plan. Only
when he had everything planned out did he ask his parents for a loan.＂They thought the idea was
a little out there，＂Brennan recentlytold CNN Money， but he kept pushing， and finally received
a $3,000 loan to start his company. Then he began to work on his own designs. The fact that he
was colorblind didnt stop him and he has created over 200 designs now.
Business was slow the first year， but then Brennan started pushing his Hoopswagg products heavily
onthe Internet. Orders soon started coming in in large numbers， and Hoopswagg became a popular
brancag custom sock lovers. Right now， his designs can be found on Hoopswagg website， Amazon
and ebaamo four years after starting his business， Brennan has achieved great success while
balancing（平衡） schoolhouse chores and his social life. And he says he loved every minute of
it.
19. The second paragraph mainly tells us how Brennan
A. designed his custom socks
B. got his business idea
C. organized the basketball match
D. managed his company
20. To start his business， Brennan
A. bought some Nike socks
B. made a business plan
C. asked teachers for advice
D. got money from friends
21. It can be inferred（推断） from the passage that Brennan
A. got no support from his parents
B. busy to do house cho
C. stopped designing because of his eyes
D. enjoyed both his study and business13
22. Which word can best describe Brennan according to the passage？
A. Honest. B. Kind. C. Creative. D. Helpful.
【答案】19. B 20. B 21. D 22. C
【解析】这篇短文讲述了一个中学生 Brennan 在一次参加篮球比赛的时候，产生了创办一个自主设计袜子
的公司，他申请贷款开办了公司，并取得了很大的成功
20. 细节理解题。根据短文第三段中 They thought the idea was a little out there，＂Brennan recently
told CNN Money, but he kept pushing， and finally received a $3, 000 loan to start his
company.可知，Brennan 的父母并不觉得他的这个想法好，最后他是从 CNN Money 获得了 3,000 美元的贷款
，由此可知应选 B。
21. 推理判断题。根据短文最后一段中 Brennan has achieved great success while balancing（平衡）
schoolhouse chores and his social life 可知，Brennan 成功地平衡了他的学业和他的社会生活，由此我们
可以知道，他既喜欢他的学业又喜欢他的生意，故应选 D。
22.主旨大意题。这篇短文讲述了一个中学生 Brennan 在一次参加篮球比赛的时候，产生了一个想法，即自
主设计袜子，还申请贷款开办了公司，取得了很大的成功，从这件事上我们可以看到他是一个很有创造力
的孩子，故 C 选项 creative 有创造力的是最合适的。Honest 诚实的；Kind 善良的；Helpful 有帮助的。
点睛：这篇短文给我们讲述了一个色盲男孩是如何创办了一个自主设计袜子的公司的。短文主题明确，结
构清晰，比较利于学生们掌握大意。后面的题目设置有细节理解、推理判断和主旨大意题。第 1 小题考查
我们对文章第二段的理解，根据这一段的内容可知，这里介绍了 Brennan 是如何产生了创办一个自主设计
袜子的公司这个想法的，故 B 选项是正确的。再如第 4 小题，这个题目问的是哪一个词能形容 Brennan，这
个题目应结合文意来选择，从文章中介绍 Brennan 作为一个学生，萌发了创办公司的想法，并取得成功这
件事我们可以看出 creative 有创造力的这个词来形容他是最合适的，故选 C。
8.【2018 年浙江省绍兴中考】14
Every night in Jinan University in Guangahou， a group of students plays diabolo（空竹） as a
crowd watches on in amazement.
Chen Zhelun，25，a malaysian-chinese started the diabolo club， which helps to increase the
popularity of this traditional Chinese game. He is one of many students expressing their interest
in the country＇s cultural heritage（遗产） by starting clubs.
The diabolo， which came from China， is popular among Chinese living in Malaysia.
“We played diabolo from primary school onward. I thought I could find someone to
play with in China， but only a few students knew about it. So I started a club to develop
it.” says Chen
To Chena surprise， the old game has interested a huge crowd-more than 1，000 students have joined
the club.
“It keeps your body strong and it＇s fun， ＂says Chet
prefer quieter activities. Every weekend， one classroom in Shenzhen University is alwayscrowded
， but it＇s unusually silent. The members of Lanting Calligraphy Club are writing Chinese
characterswith traditional brushes
Fan Dongling， 21， a student in Shenzhen University， says it＇s a shame that young people no
longer enjoythe beauty of Chinese characters.
Although her club is quiet， Fan says it keeps members healthy， mentally and physically
Stiva
Christmas or Valentines Day， but they seldom pay attention to traditional ones， ＂says Kong
Yanquan， 21， astudent in Guangxi University.
As head of the traditional Chinese local operas club， Kong plans to put modern elements（元
素）intotraditional culture to get students to join his club
I think it＇s everyones duty to save and develop china＇s traditional culture among young people
， ＂he says.15
23. The passage is organized by giving three .
A. examples B. tasks C. lessons D. speeches
24. The underlined word“Tt＂ in Paragraph6 refers to（指代）
A. watching diabolo shows B. playing diabolo
C. talking about old games D. going to primary school
25. It can be learned from the passage that Fan Dongling
A. comes from Malaysia B. is good at local operas
C. loves quiet activities D. is interested in sports
26. Kong Yanquan advises young people to
A. practice writing Chinese characters B. celebrate Western festivals
C. pay attention to traditional culture D. make friends with the elders
【答案】23. A 24. B 25. C 26. C
【解析】这篇短文通过三个具体的事例给我们介绍了几个大学的学生们通过创办俱乐部的形式，宣扬中国
传统文化。
23.主旨大意题。根据文意和文章结构可知，这篇短文介绍了三所大学里面的学生用开办俱乐部的形式来宣
扬中国的传统文化，第一个是暨南大学的空竹俱乐部；第二个是深圳大学的书法俱乐部；还有一个是广西
大学的中国地方戏曲俱乐部。因此文章是用举例的形式给我们讲述了大学生们是如何宣扬中国传统文化的，
故应选 A。
24.细节理解题。短文第二段到第六段介绍的是暨南大学的陈哲伦创办了空竹俱乐部，这句话也是陈哲伦说
的，因此我们可以知道这里的 It 代指的是抖空竹，故应选 B。
25.细节理解题。题干中问到的是范冬玲，这个人是在文章的第八段提到的，根据第七段到第九段的内容可
知，范冬玲喜欢中国的书法，文章第七段的开头 But some prefer quiet activities 指的就是范冬玲的书
法俱乐部，所以这是一个安静的活动，故应选 C。
26. 细节理解题。根据短文最后一段孔彦全所说的“I think it’s everyone’s duty to save and develop
China’s traditional culture among young people.” he says.可知，他认为每个人都应拯救和发展中
国的传统文化，故应选 C。
点睛：这篇短文通过三个具体的事例给我们介绍了几个大学的学生们通过创办俱乐部的形式，宣扬中国传
统文化。短文结构清晰，主题明确，比较容易理解。后面的题目设置以细节理解题为主，答案都可以在原
文中找到。例如第 2 小题，这个题目是一个指代题，我们应首先在原文找到划线单词 It，结合上下文可知，
这是陈哲伦说的话，而他宣扬的是抖空竹这个中国传统运动，因此我们就可以知道 It 代指的就是 play 16
diabolo，故选 B。再如第 4 小题，题目中涉及了 Kong Yanquan 这个人名，因此我们就以这个人名为指导，
定位到原文相关的地方，在短文的最后三段，尤其是文章的最后一段我们可以知道，他认为拯救和发展中
国传统文化是每个年轻人的责任，由此可知应选 C。
9.【2018 年浙江省绍兴中考】Technology is everywhere. We see it any place we go and， in fact，
almost all of us carry some piece oftechnology with us every time we leave the house. What I always
forget， though， is just how useful andpowerful technology can be when we want to help others
There is not a single room in my house that does not have some electronic devices（设备） lying
around init. Whenever I am at home， I am almost always using at least one electronic device.
If you walked into myliving room on any given day， you would find that， first， I have the
television on. At the same time， I usuallyhave my laptop resting on my knee， or I will be using
my mobile phone， Even when i＇m not at home I amalways using my phone， and at work or in cafes
， I sit down and connect to the local wireless network on myipcop.
I must say that I waste a lot of time on the computer and the time I spend on it could be much
betterspent if I were to take up a little online volunteering
The technology we carry about everywhere can have a great power to do good for the world and to
helpothers and recently I discovered just how much online volunteering there is to do in the world.
From usingyour language skills to do translations， to developing and managing projects and helping
with IT work， thereis so much that so many people can do to help people in their own countries
and across the world. The UnitedNations， in fact， has a huge page with ＂Volunteers Recruited
＂ on its website.
This work can support the poor and help charities who cannot pay for staff. Many organizations
onlyrequire you to work an hour a week-some even less. And the support provided by online volunteers
can reallyhelp make a difference to those in need.
27. From Paragraph 2， we can know that the writer
A. uses technology a lot B. works in a cafe
C. is a computer engineer D. likes modern music
28. The underlined word Recruited＂in Paragraph 4 means“ ”
A. Ordered B. Wanted C. Visited D. Warned
29. In the writers opinion， people should spend more time with technology.
A. working on computer programs B. keeping the Internet safe17
C. inventing electronic products D. helping people in need
30. What can be the best title for the passage？
A. Website Design B. Internet Organizations
C. Online Volunteering D. Online Translation
【答案】27. A 28. B 29. D 30. C
【解析】科学技术已经渗透进了我们的生活，我们每天都在使用这些科技带来的方便中。但作者认为我们
应该利用这些先进的技术去帮助别人，这样才能体现出这些科技的力量。
27.细节理解题。题目问到的是短文第二段，仔细阅读这一段我们可以知道，这一段的第一句话是该段的中
心句，根据这句话 There is not a single room in my house that does not have some electronic devices
（设备） lying around in it.的意思可知，在作者的家里，没有一个房间里是没有电子设备的，也就是说
作者使用非常多的电子设备，下面的文字作者举例来说明，如 television, laptop, mobile phone 等，故
应选 A。
28. 词义猜测题。根据该段中 I discovered just how much online volunteering there is to do in the
world.可知，作者发现在网上有很多在线志愿活动，而这句话说的就是联合国在网上招募志愿者的一个网
站，由此我们可以知道划线这个单词应该是“招聘”的意思，与 wanted 同义，故选 B。
30. 主旨大意题。这篇短文开头部分作者讲述了我们周围无处不在使用着科学技术，短文的第一段中 What I
always forget， though， is just how useful and powerful technology can be when we want to help
others 点明文章的主题，从短文的第三段开始，作者对文章主题进行展开论述，即我们应该利用这些技术
去做一些在线的志愿者活动，去帮助别人，所以 C 选项 Onlinevolunteering 在线志愿者活动这个题目能点
明文章的主题，故选 C。A 选项 Website Design 网站设计；B 选项 Internet Organization 在线组织；D 选
项 Online Translation 在线翻译，这几个选项都不符合文意。
点睛：这篇短文讲述的是现在我们应该利用我们周围无处不存在着先进的技术去帮助别人。短文主题明确、18
突出，线索也非常清楚，比较有利于学生们的做题。后面的题目设置包括细节理解、词义猜测和主旨大意
题。细节题都可以在短文中寻找到相关信息去作答，例如第 1 小题，这个题目涉及的是短文第二段的内容，
因此我们只需要弄清楚第二段的大意就行，这一段的主题句是第一句话，根据这一句我们可以知道，这里
作者介绍的是他家里的各种各样的电子设备，说明他在平时的生活中大量的使用了这些设备，故应选 A。
10.【2018 年甘肃省白银】Alice in Wonderland
Chapter 2
Alice was not hurt, so she jumped to her feet in a moment. She looked up, and found the White
Rabbit was still in sight. She was close behind it when she turned the comer, but the Rabbit was
no longer to be seen. She found herself in a long, low hall.
There were doors all around the hall, but they were all locked.
Alice walked sadly down the middle, wondering how she was ever to get out again.
Suddenly, she came upon a little three-legged table. There was nothing on it but a tiny golden
key, and Alice's first idea was that this might belong to one of the doors of the hall.
But, alas! Either the locks were too large, or the key was too small. However, on the second
time round, she came upon a low curtain she had not noticed before and behind it was a little
door.
She tried the little golden key in the lock, and she was pleased to find it fitted!
46. The hall where Alice stayed is___________.
A. long and low B. big and high C. wide and low D. big and wide
47. What did Alice want to do when she got to the hall?
A. She wanted to know how to get some food
B. She wanted to know where her sister was
C. She wanted to find out how to get out again
D. She wanted to meet the Rabbit
48. Where did Alice find the tiny golden key?
A. B. C. D.
49. How did Alice feel when the gold key fitted into a lock?
A. Tired B. Shocked C. Happy D. Interested19
50. Which is TRUE according to the passage?
A. Alice had never seen the White Rabbit before she got to the hall
B. Some of the doors around the hall were locked
C. Alice noticed the little door as soon as she entered the hall
D. The passage is from Alice in Wonderland.
【答案】46. A 47. C 48. B 49. C 50. D
【解析】文章内容是关于爱丽丝在神奇的地方的故事。
46. 根据 She found herself in a long, low hall.可知选 A
47. 根据 Alice walked sadly down the middle, wondering how she was ever to get out again 可知.
她想找到怎么能再出去；故选 C
48. 根据 Suddenly, she came upon a little three-legged table. There was nothing on it but a tiny
golden key,可知小金钥匙在一个三条腿的小桌子上；故选 B
49. 根据 She tried the little golden key in the lock, and she was pleased to find it fitted!可
知发现钥匙合适这个锁，她很高兴；故选 C
50. 根据 She looked up, and found the White Rabbit was still in sight 可知 A 不对；根据 There were
doors all around the hall, but they were all locked.可知 B 不对；根据 she came upon a low curtain
she had not noticed before and behind it was a little door.可知 C 不对；根据 Alice in Wonderland
可知 D 对；故选 D
点睛：短文阅读，做题时要结合文章的特点，题目涉及细节理解，词义猜测和推理判断，做题时要在了解
文章大意的基础上，结合题目针对不同的题型采用不同的解答方式，比如细节理解题，我们要抓住里面的
最有效的信息选择出正确的答案，总之理解透文章是做好一篇阅读理解的关键。例如：小题 3 根据 Suddenly,
she came upon a little three-legged table. There was nothing on it but a tiny golden key,可知
小金钥匙在一个三条腿的小桌子上；故选 B
11.【2018 年湖北省黄冈市中考】Chinese has been added to the graduation exam list by Sophie
School, an Italian high school and 29 students will take the test this year. This high school
is mainly about language in northeastern Italy. It has become the first school in the country
to list Chinese as a graduation exam subject. The Chinese course has been taught at this Italian
school for 5 years, and 145 of its 910 students have chosen to study Chinese. Maria, director
of the school, said Chinese will become a global (全球的) language in the future and they set
up the course because many students had asked for it. "There were only a few schools in Italy 20
which provided Chinese courses then, but now, Chinese courses have become an important part of
our teaching plan," she said.
Robert is a student in this school. He is going to take the Chinese test this year. He said
that Speaking Chinese is not so difficult, it was difficult for them to understand the same word
in different sentences and read Chinese poets, but writing Chinese characters (汉字) is the most
difficult part of learning the language. "Although learning Chinese is difficult for Italian
students, when considering looking for better jobs abroad, China must be my top choice," he said
26. How many students will take the Chinese test this year according to the text?
A. 5
B. 29
C. 145
D. 910
27. Why have many Italian students chosen to study Chinese?
A. They think Chinese will become a global language in the future.
B. Learning Chinese is easy for Italian.
C. They want to travel to China.
D. Think they can find good jobs only in China.
28. What is the most difficult thing for Italian students to study Chinese?
A. Speaking Chinese.
B. Reading Chinese poets.
C. Understanding the same won in different sentences.
D. Writing Chinese characters.
29. Which of the following is not true according to the text?
A. Sophie School is a high school mainly about Chinese.
B. Sophie Scholl has become Italy’s first school to list Chinese as a graduation exam subject.
C. Chinese courses have become an important part of their leaching plan.
D. There were only a few schools in Italy which provided Chinese courses then.
【答案】26. B 27. A 28. D 29. A
【解析】本文介绍了索菲·斯克尔高中是第一所将中文列为毕业考试科目的意大利学校。许多意大利学生
选择学习汉语，是因为他们认为汉语在未来将会成为一个全球的语言。对于意大利学生来说，学习汉语最21
困难的部分是书写汉字。
27. A
细节理解题。根据 Maria, director of the school, said Chinese will become a global (全球的) language
in the future and they set up the course because many students had asked for it.可知许多意大利学生选
择学习汉语，是因为他们认为汉语在未来将会成为一个全球的语言，故选 A。
28. D
细节理解题。根据 but writing Chinese characters (汉字) is the most difficult part of learning the
language.可知对于意大利学生来说，学习汉语最困难的部分是书写汉字，故故选 D。
29. A
细节理解题。根据 This high school is mainly about language in northeastern Italy.可知 Sophie School
是一所主要学习意大利东北部的语言的高中，因此不是主要学习汉语，故选 A。
12.【2018 年湖北省黄冈市中考】A poor farmer had a friend who was famous for the wonderful apples
he grew.
One day, his friend gave the farmer a young apple tree and told him to take it home and plant
it. The farmer was pleased with the gift, but when he got home, he did not know where lo plant
it.
He was afraid that if he planted the tree near the road, strangers would steal the fruit.
If he planted the tree in one of his fields, his neighbors would come al night and steal some
of the apples. If he planted the tree near his house, his children would take the fruit.
Finally he planted the tree in his woods (树林) where no one could see it. But without sunlight
and good soil, the tree soon died.
Later the friend asked the farmer why he had planted the tree in such a poor place. "What's
the difference?” the farmer said angrily."If I had planted the tree near the road, strangers
would have stolen the fruit. If I had planted the tree in one of my fields, my neighbors would
have come at night and stolen some of the apples. If I had planted it near my house, my own children
would have taken the fruit.”
"Yes," said the friend, "but at least someone could have enjoyed the fruit. Now you not only 22
have robbed (抢夺) everyone of the fruit, but also you have destroyed (摧毁) a good apple tree!"
30. What did the farmer's friend give him one day?
A. An apple.
B. Some apples.
C. A young tree.
D. Some young trees.
31. Why didn't the farmer want to plant the tree in his field?
A. He thought strangers would steal the fruit.
B. He thought the tree would die.
C. He thought his children would take the fruit.
D. He thought his neighbors would steal the fruit.
32. Where did the farmer plant the young tree?
A. Near the road.
B. In his field.
C. In his woods.
D. Near the house.
33. Why did the young tree die in the end?
A. Strangers pulled out the tree.
B. His neighbors cut down the tree.
C. His children broke the tree.
D. There was less sunlight and poor soil.
34. What does the story tell us?
A. We should care about others' feelings.
B. We should learn to share beautiful things.
C. The young tree can provide apples for us when it grows up.
D. The young tree can grow up one day.
【答案】30. C 31. D 32. C 33. D 34. B
【解析】本文讲述了一位农民，他的朋友给了他一棵小苹果树，他担心别人会偷他的苹果，而把一棵很好
的苹果树种在了树林里。最后因为那里没有阳光，没有好的土壤，那棵苹果树死去了。他的朋友告诉他，
正是他不让人别人享受苹果，导致苹果树的死亡。23
30. C
细节理解题。根据 One day, his friend gave the farmer a young apple tree and told him to take it
home and plant it.可知那个农民的朋友给他一棵小苹果树，故选 C。
31. D
细节理解题。根据 If he planted the tree in one of his fields, his neighbors would come al night
and steal some of the apples.可知那个农民不想把那棵苹果树种在他的田里，因此他认为他的邻居会在
晚上来偷苹果，故选 D。
32. C
细节理解题。根据 Finally he planted the tree in his woods (树林) where no one could see it.可知最后那
个农民把苹果树种在了树林里，故选 C。
33. D
细节理解题。根据 But without sunlight and good soil, the tree soon died. 可知因为没有阳光，没有好的
土壤，那棵苹果树不久死去了，故选 D。
34. B
推理判断题。根据"Yes," said the friend, "but at least someone could have enjoyed the fruit. Now
you not only have robbed (抢夺) everyone of the fruit, but also you have destroyed (摧毁) a good
appletree!"可知因为那个农民不想让人们分享他的苹果，导致苹果树的死亡，因此我们从这个故事中应学
会与他人分享美好的东西，故选 B。
点睛：根据题干要求，在文中寻找答案所在的语句或段落，进行分析理解，词义猜测，推理判断和概括归
纳，选出正确的选项。例如小题 2，根据 If he planted the tree in one of his fields, his neighbors
would come at night and steal some of the apples.可知那个农民不想把那棵苹果树种在他的田里，因
此他认为他的邻居会在晚上来偷苹果，故选 D。
13.【2018 年湖北省黄冈市中考】Beauty sleep is a real thing, researches have shown that people who
have enough sleep look more attractive (有魅力的) to others.
A few bad nights is enough to make a person look "especially" more ugly, their sleep
experiments show.
The researchers asked 25 university students to join in their sleep experiment. They were
asked to get a good night's sleep for two nights.
A week later, they were asked to sleep for only four hours every night for two nights in a
row.24
The researchers took make-up free (素颜) photos of the volunteers after both the good and
the bad sleep.
Next, they asked 122 strangers to have a look at the photos and judge (评价) them on
attractiveness, health, and sleepiness, as well as asking them: "How much would you like to make
friends with this person in the picture?"
The strangers were good at judging if the person they were looking at was tired, and, if they
were sleepy, their attractiveness score was low.
The strangers also said they wouldn't want to socialize with the tired students. The
researchers say this is natural for people. An unhealthy-looking face makes people run away. In
other words, people don't want to hang around with people who might be ill.
Dr. Brewer, an expert at the University of Liverpool said "Judgement of attractiveness is
often unconscious (无意识的), hut we all do it, and we are able to judge on even something small
like whether someone looks tired or unhealthy. This study is a good reminder of how important
sleep is to us."
35. When did the researchers take make-up free photos?
A. After two nights good sleep.
B. After two nights bad sleep.
C. Before the experiment.
D. After both two nights good sleep and two nights' had sleep.
36. The researchers asked the strangers to do the following except _______.
A. telling who looked healthier
B. telling who didn't have many friends
C. telling who missed a lot of sleep
D. telling who was attractive
37. What kind of friends did the strangers like to make?
A. The people who were tired.
B. The people who were sleepy.
C. The people who were unhealthy.
D. The people who were attractive and energetic.
38. What does the underlined word "socialize "mean in Chinese?25
A. 合伙
B. 玩耍
C. 交往
D. 共事
39. According to the passage, which of the following is the best title?
A. Beauty sleep, More attractive
B. More sleep, More Friends
C. Less sleep, Fewer friends
D. No attractiveness, No friends
【答案】35. D 36. B 37. D 38. C 39. A
【解析】本文介绍了睡眠好，人就有魅力，精力充沛。而且人们喜欢和看起来有魅力的人交往。
35. D
细节理解题。根据 They were asked to get a good night's sleep for two nights.A week later, they
were asked to sleep for only four hours every night for two nights in a row.和 The researchers
took make-up free (素颜) photos of the volunteers after both the good and the bad sleep.可知研究人员
给志愿者拍照，是在他们有两晚上好的睡眠和两晚上不好的睡眠之后进行的，故选 D。
37. D
推理判断题。根据 An unhealthy-looking face makes people run away. In other words, people don't
want to hang around with people who might be ill.可知陌生人不想和那些看起来不健康的人交朋友，
因此他们是想和那些有魅力的和精力充沛的人交朋友，故选 D。
38. C
词义猜测题。根据 An unhealthy-looking face makes people run away.可知看起来疲倦的人会把人吓跑，
因此人们不愿意和那些疲倦的人交朋友和交往，故选 C。
39. A
标题归纳题。根据 Beauty sleep is a real thing, researches have shown that people who have enough
sleep look more attractive (有魅力的) to others.可知本文主要介绍了美容觉让人看起来更有魅力，故选26
A。
点睛：根据题干要求，在文中寻找答案所在的语句或段落，进行分析理解，词义猜测，推理判断和概括归
纳，选出正确的选项。例如小题 1，根据 They were asked to get a good night's sleep for two
nights.A week later, they were asked to sleep for only four hours every night for two nights in
a row.和 The researchers took make-up free (素颜) photos of the volunteers after both the good
and the bad sleep.可知研究人员给志愿者拍照，是在他们有两晚上好的睡眠和两晚上不好的睡眠之后进行
的，故选 D。
14.【2018 年湖北省宜昌中考】Is there an important exam right around the comer? You might be
starting to fear, thinking that there' s no way for you to get a good grade because of the little
time left to study. This is something all students may worry about. But you should accept the
fact that you have to take the
exam no matter how much you want to avoid it.
Thankfully, there are several ways to help you get at least a passing grade. You may have
a try.
Get yourself together.
This might sound like silly advice, but it's actually the most important. When you fear, you
may lose control over your thoughts and actions Even if you try to study, perhaps you won’t get
anything in your head.
Enjoy enough sleep.
It's unbelievable many students have little sleep each night. That’s not something to be proud
of, especially if you're sleeping so little and still failing to do all the things Sleep isn't
for the weak, but for the wise. Your brain needs enough rest. After a good night's sleep, you'll
perform much better in the morning.
Don’t fear.
Once the test paper is in front of you don't be afraid. Take a deep breath and start the exam
with confidence(信心). Just like when you were reviewing, put away the problems you’re having
difficulty in and come back to them later. If you have time left, go over everything to make sure
you haven’t made any careless mistakes.
41. In the writers opinion, whenever there's an important exam,___________.
A. students might experience a period of fear27
B. students will have little time to worry
C. students should try everything possible to avoid it
D. students have to ask teachers for more help
42. The writer describes "get yourself together" as silly advice because___________.
A. it won't influence your thoughts
B. it is one of the common senses
C. it is not the most important suggestion
D. it won’t help you get anything in your head
43. Enough sleep before an important exam is____________.
A. the pride of the weak
B. not something to be proud of
C. not necessary for the wise
D. a way to avoid failing in exams
44. When you meet with difficult problems in the exam, you can__________.
A. give them up and take a deep breath
B. think hard and review them once again
C. put them away first and come back later
D. just trust yourself and look through the paper
45. According to the passage, you may get at least the passing grade if ____________.
A. you fear nothing
B. you follow the writer's advice
C. the problems are not difficult
D. the preparation time lasts longer
【答案】41. A 42. B 43. D 44. C 45. B
【解析】试题分析：针对学生害怕考试的心理，作者建议了几种可以帮助学生至少获得及格分数的方法，
分别是：振作自己；睡眠充足；不要害怕。
41. 题意：在作者的观点中，每当有一个重要的考试时， 。考查细节理解题。根据 You might be starting
to fear, thinking that there' s no way for you to get a good grade because of the little time
left to study. This is something all students may worry about.，可知选 A。
42. 题意：作者描述“get yourself together”像愚蠢的建议,因为 。考查词义理解题。根据 This might 28
sound like silly advice, but it's actually the most important.，可知选 B。
43. 题意：在一次重要的考试之前，充足的睡眠是 的。考查细节理解题。根据 That’s not something
to be proud of, especially if you're sleeping so little and still failing to do all the things.和 After
a good night's sleep, you'll perform much better in the morning.，可知选 D。
44. 题意：当你在考试中遇到困难时，你可以 。考查细节理解题。根据 Just like when you were
reviewing, put away the problems you’re having difficulty in and come back to them later.，可知选 C。
点睛：对于阅读理解题，首先要粗读文章了解大意，其次通过细读，理解全文。在粗读的基础上，仔细阅
读题后所给的题目，根据题目要求，再有重点地返回来仔细阅读。在阅读理解的题目中，所设问题主要有
以下几种方式：找主题或概括文章的中心思想、就文中的具体事实和情节进行提问、根据文章的表层意思
进行深层次的推理判断等，在细读时，要根据设问的方式，进行有侧重地阅读。1、概括文章中心思想。1)
文首呈现主题句。2)文尾出现主题句。3)首尾呼应展现主题。4)文中表述主题。前面提出问题，文中的主
题由随之陈述的细节或合乎逻辑的引申在文中导出，而后再做进一步的解释。5)文章没有主题句。在这种
情况下，考生要把所有的细节综合起来。进行逻辑推理，概括归纳出文章的主题句。2.掌握文章的具体事
实和重要情节。在考题中，经常会见到就文章中某一具体事实和重要情节进行测试的题目。这就要求考生
在阅读时要注意辨认和记忆具体事实，重要情节，事物的起因、过程、结果及发生的地点、时间等，这些
都有可能作为测试点。还有一些测试题，要求考生在理解的基础上，通过自己的思维将理解的内容系统化，
比如计算、排序等题型。
15.【2018 年湖北省宜昌中考】I'm not much of a crier most of the time. But recently when I was
reading a book on a plane, I started crying. Of course, it came as a big surprise when tears came
up, no matter how hard I tried, I wasn’t able to control myself.
Oh no, not this now. I thought to myself. But even as the thought entered my brain. I felt
the first hot drop of salty water coming down my face. I put my head down, hoping that I could
go on reading.
In fact, the harder I tried, the more tears pushed their way out of my eyes. You could guess
how surprised the man next to me looked.
I dropped my head in shame. He must think I was crazy. May be I could turn toward him, hold 29
up the cover of the book and say in my crying voice. "I'm sorry, sir. It's just a really good
book! "But I didn't say anything. Instead, I just put my head back against the seat and let the
tears run. Do you know what decision I made while I was crying? My decision was that it was okay
if he thought I was crazy. I'd rather be crazy than be the kind of person who wouldn't cry when
the situation called for it, or who wouldn't let herself feel anything at all.
I’ve been that girl who has spent so much time trying to make sure people didn’t think I was
crazy. But now I don’t want to be that girl any more ---that bored and sad girl. I'd rather be
this girl who is able to forgive(原谅), love and act, even if it means being disappointed or being
hurt again and again.
46. The writer started crying because____________.
A. she is usually a crier
B. she is kind of crazy
C. she was moved by the book
D. she felt uneasy on the plane
47. When tears came up, the writer at first____________.
A. thought deeply
B. went on reading
C. tried to control herself
D. explained to the man beside her
48. As tears got out of her eyes, the writer did NOT______________.
A. drop her head shamefully
B. think about others' feelings
C. let her head against the seat
D. say sorry to anyone in a crying voice
49. According to the passage, we know the writer ____________.
A. decided to change herself bravely
B. lived a sad and boring life
C. wouldn't cry in any terrible situation
D. wouldn't let others feel anything at all
50. The passage mainly tells us ____________.30
A. why the writer cried hard on the plane
B. how the writer tried to stop herself crying
C. what the writer thought about while she cried
D. how the writer overcame herself and decided to change
【答案】46. C 47. C 48. D 49. A 50. D
【解析】试题分析：本文是一篇散文，描写了“我”被书中的故事感动哭了，但“我”没有掩饰自己，而
是任眼泪留下，终于克服和改变了自己，做回那个能够原谅、有爱和行动的女孩。
46. 题意：作者开始哭了是因为 。考查细节理解题。根据 May be I could turn toward him, hold up
the cover of the book and say in my crying voice. "I'm sorry, sir. It's just a really good book!
"，可知“我”被书中的故事感动了，故选 C。
47. 题意：当眼泪出现的时候，作者起初 。考查细节理解题。根据 Of course, it came as a big surprise
when tears came up, no matter how hard I tried, I wasn’t able to control myself.，可知她想控
制住自己的眼泪，故选 C。
48. 题意：当泪水从她的眼睛里消失时，作者没有 。考查细节理解题。根据 But I didn't say
anything. Instead, I just put my head back against the seat and let the tears run.，可知“我”
什么也说不出，只是任眼泪往下流，故选 D。
49. 题意：根据这篇文章，我们了解到作者 。考查细节理解题。A. decided to change herself bravely
决定勇敢地改变自己；B. lived a sad and boring life 过着悲凉的生活 C. wouldn't cry in any terrible
situation 在任何可怕的情况下都不会哭；D. wouldn't let others feel anything at all 不会让别人感
觉到什么。根据最后一段的议论和 But now I don’t want to be that girl any more ---that bored and
sad girl.，可知“我”想改变自己，故选 A。
50. 题意：这篇文章主要告诉我们 。考查主旨理解题。A. why the writer cried hard on the plane
为什么作者在飞机上哭得很厉害；B. how the writer tried to stop herself crying
作者如何阻止自己哭泣；C. what the writer thought about while she cried 哭的时候作者在想些什么；
D. how the writer overcame herself and decided to change 作者如何克服自己并决定改变。根据全文内容
结合最后的议论，作者不愿再做那个无聊而悲伤的女孩，可知本文描写的是“我”怎样克服自己并决定改
变自己。故选 D。
16.【2018 年湖南省郴州市中考】阅读下面的图表，完成 41～42 小题。31
A school in Hunan has changed its playground into a garden full of fruit
and vegetables, so that its students can grow and eat their own food.
So far
the fruit and vegetables have been used in school meals.
A great coin collection is going on show in Guangzhou in July, 2018.
The exhibition has more than 1,000 kinds of coins. It is said to have
taken
10 years to collect. It will have a world tour in March, 2019.
21. The playground in a school in Hunan has been changed into________.
A. a new school B. a flower garden C. a fruit and vegetable garden
22. A coin collection exhibition will be__________.
A. in July, 2018 B. in March. 2019 C. in July. 2028
【答案】21. C 22. A
17.【2018 年甘肃兰州】As a well-known Chinese TV hostess, Dong Qing is now hosting two cultural
shows, Chinese Poetry Conference and Readers. The two shows are encouraging people to love
traditional culture and find the beauty of life.
Dong was born in a highly educated family in 1973. she had a great love for traditional literature(文
学)from an early age. In 2015 when she was about to study in the U.S, Dong received an invitation
from the director of Chinese Poetry Conference asking her to be the hostess. Because of her passion
for traditional literature, Dong accepted the job.
"The contest interests me very much. Hosting it is a process of learning about poetry and
performing, "said Dong. To her great joy, the show has become more and more popular.
Under the slogan(口号)”Reading touches people's hearts”, the new TV show Readers has become
a success. It invites famous guests from all walks of life to read something. Dong works as both
hostess and producer.32
Readers became a turning point in Dong' s 21 years of hosting She said it brought her "quite a
huge challenge”.
"There is no shortcut(捷径) in this world. If you want to be a good host, you need to make thorough
preparations, said the beautiful hostess. "The charm of life lies in its unknown, so we just have
to try and keep going.
36. What shows is Dong Qing hosting now?
A. Readers. B. Chinese Poetry Conference.
C. Chinese poetry Conference and Readers. D. The Voice of China.
37. Where did Dong Qing decide to study in 2015?
A. In France B. In England C. In Japan D. In America
38. What does Dong Qing do at present?
A. An actress B. A singer C. A hostess D. A hostess and producer
39. The underlined word “passion” in the second paragraph probably means “great ____”.
A. love B. joy C. surprise D. pride
40. What’s the best title (题目)for the text?
A. Find the Beauty of Life B. How to Be a Successful TV Hostess
C. Reading Touches People’s Hearts D. Dong Qing—a Talented Lady
【答案】36. C 37. D 38. D 39. A 40. D
【解析】
短文主要介绍了央视著名主持人董卿的主持经历，她从小就酷爱传统文学，可以说是个才女，现在主持的
两个文化类节目《中国诗词大会》和《朗读者》鼓励人们热爱传统文化，寻找生活之美，深受全国观众的
喜欢。
【36 题详解】
细节理解题。根据短文开头的句子“As a well-known Chinese TV hostess, Dong Qing is now hosting two
cultural shows, Chinese Poetry Conference and Readers.”可知，著名央视主持人董卿现在主持了两个文
化类节目《中国诗词大会》和《朗读者》。故答案为 C。
【37 题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中的句子“In 2015 when she was about to study in the U.S, Dong received
an invitation from the director of Chinese Poetry Conference asking her to be the hostess.”可知，董
卿在 2015 年打算去美国学习深造，故答案为 D。33
【38 题详解】
根据第四段中的句子“the new TV show Readers has become a success. It invites famous guests from
all walks of life to read something. Dong works as both hostess and producer.”可知，现在董卿
既是主持人又是制片人。故答案为 D。
【39 题详解】
词义猜测题。2015 年，当董卿打算去美国学习深造时，她收到了《中国诗词大会》栏目组导演的邀请，担
当节目主持人，由于对传统文学的热爱，董卿接受了这份工作。A. love 热爱；B. joy 高兴；C. surprise
惊喜；D. pride 骄傲。故答案为 A。
【40 题详解】
主旨大意题。短文主要介绍了央视著名主持人董卿的主持经历，她从小就酷爱传统文学，可以说是个才女，
现在主持的两个文化类节目《中国诗词大会》和《朗读者》鼓励人们热爱传统文化，寻找生活之美，深受
全国观众的喜欢。故答案选 D。
18.【2018 年湖南省郴州市中考】
You have been working hard to learn English. Do you know foreigners are trying to learn Chinese?
According to a survey, one in four American young men would like to learn it. There will be over
150,000,000 people learning Chinese around the world in the early 2019.
"Because of Chinas fast development, Chinese has become more useful. More and more people begin
to learn it. "said Scott McGinnis, a Washington language expert.
For example, in 2010, only 30 schools in America had Chinese lessons. This year, more than
300 schools there have Chinese lessons during school days. Last year, China gave 3,000 textbooks
to a school in America because they had done a good job.
Although Chinese is becoming more and more popular, it is one of the most difficult languages
to learn. Usually, an English speaker takes about 1, 320 hours to become good at Chinese. He needs 34
only 480 hours for French, Spanish or Italian.
26. According to the passage, more and more foreigners begin to learn Chinese______.
A. because they have more free time
B. because Chinese is easy to learn
C. because China is fast developing
27. _______schools in America give students Chinese lessons, in 2018
A. Over three thousand B. About three hundred C. Only thirty
28. The students at the schools in America take Chinese lessons_______.
A. on school days B. after school C. at weekends
29. Last year, China gave 3,000 textbooks to a school in America because_______.
A. they wanted to build a library B. they had done a good job
C. they had given Chinese students many English books
30. From the passage we know that______.
A. English speakers like to learn French, Spanish and Italian more than Chinese
B. Chinese is more difficult to learn than French, Spanish and Italian
C. Chinese is easier to learn than French, Spanish and Italian
【答案】26. C 27. B 28. A 29. B 30. B
【解析】文章讲述了因为中国的快速发展，现在越来越多人在学汉语。
29. 根据 Last year, China gave 3,000 textbooks to a school in America because they had done a good
job.故选 B
30. 根据 it is one of the most difficult languages to learn. Usually, an English speaker takes
about 1, 320 hours to become good at Chinese. He needs only 480 hours for French, Spanish or Italian.
可知汉语比西班牙语，法语和意大利语都难学；故选 B
点睛：短文阅读，做题时要结合文章的特点，题目涉及细节理解，词义猜测和推理判断，做题时要在了解35
文章大意的基础上，结合题目针对不同的题型采用不同的解答方式，比如细节理解题，我们要抓住里面的
最有效的信息选择出正确的答案，总之理解透文章是做好一篇阅读理解的关键。例如：小题 3 根据 This
year, more than 300 schools there have Chinese lessons during school days.可知他们在日常上学时学汉
语；故选 A
19.【2018 年湖南省郴州市中考】
Nowadays, phone calls and messages help us communicate with others more often. It means that
we seldom write letters now. But a TV show. Letters alive, is bringing back this old habit.
Letters Alive invites famous actors and actresses but there are no funny jokes or different
competitions. Instead, only one person walks up to a microphone and reads a letter. The letters
were written by people from different times in history. For example, in one episode(集), they
read a letter written by the famous writer Xiao Hong to her younger brother in 1941. The letter
shows that Xiao Hong missed her brother so much and had great hopes for his future.
“Every letter opens another world for us, " said Guan Zhangwen, the director of the TV show.
“It seems that we can experience the real lives and feelings of the writers". Since its first
episode on December 5, 2016, Letters Alive has been widely praised. Many audiences(观众)say that
it has provided a breath of fresh air to today’s TV shows.
Besides Letters Alive, some other cultural TV shows have also attracted(吸引)Chinese
audiences. They include the Chinese Poetry Conference, a traditional Chinese poetry competition
and Readers, a program that invites people to read poems and articles they like or wrote. It suggests
that cultural values and true feelings are becoming our interest.
31. Letters Alive, a TV show, invites famous people to______.
A. read and share letters B. tell audiences jokes C. enter different competitions
32. How many TV shows are mentioned in the passage?36
A. Two B. Three C. Four
33. Chinese audiences _____ the TV shows mentioned in the passage
A. highly praise B. don’t mind C. show no interest in
34. This article is probably taken from the section of_____ in a newspaper
A. Sports News
B. Culture and Entertainment
C. Education and Science
35. According to the passage, which of the following is RIGHT?
A. Letters Alive is not popular enough to attract audiences
B. Chinese Poetry Conference invites people to read poems and articles
C. We can experience the real lives and feeling of the writers by reading letters.
【答案】31. A 32. B 33. A 34. B 35. C
【解析】文章讲述了一个电视节目——见字如面。
31. 根据 Letters Alive invites famous actors and actresses but there are no funny jokes or different
competitions. Instead, only one person walks up to a microphone and reads a letter.故选 A
32. 根据 Letters alive, Chinese Poetry Conference, Readers,可知是三个；故选 B
33. 根据 December 5, 2016, Letters Alive has been widely praised. Many audiences(观众)say that
it has provided a breath of fresh air to today’s TV shows.可知中国观众高度赞扬了这个节目；故
选 A
34. 根据 It suggests that cultural values and true feelings are becoming our interest.可知是报
纸的文化和娱乐版块；故选 B
35. 根据 December 5, 2016, Letters Alive has been widely praised. Many audiences(观众)say that
it has provided a breath of fresh air to today’s TV shows.可知 A 不对；根据 They include the Chinese
Poetry Conference, a traditional Chinese poetry competition 可知 B 不对；根据“It seems that we
can experience the real lives and feelings of the writers".可知 C 对；故选 C
20.【2018 年甘肃兰州】Education is very close in my heart. My father grew up in a very small village
in China. In those days, not many villagers could read. So my father opened a night school to
teach them how to read. With his help, many people learned to write their own names; with his
help, many people learned to read newspaper for the first time; with his help, many women were 37
able to teach their children how to read. As his daughter, I know what education means to the
people, especially those without it. after generations(几代人)of hard work, China has come a long
way in education. I am a beneficiary(受益者)of that progress. Otherwise I would never become a
singer and a professor of music.
Education is about women and the girls. It is important for girls to go to school because they
will become their children's first teacher someday. In China, Spring Bud Education Program(春
蕾计划) has helped over 3 million girls go back to school. Many of them have finished university
education and they are doing well at work.
Education is about equality. In poor countries and regions(地区) the number of school dropouts(
辍学) is astonishing. We call for more educational resources to these places.
Education is about the young people. Young people are the future. Education is important because
it not only gives young people knowledge and skills but also helps them become responsible citizens.
Many years ago my father made a small difference in his village. Together we can make a big
difference in the world. I was once asked about my Chinese dream. I said I hope all children
especially girls can have chances to get good education. This is my Chinese dream. I believe one
day education first will no longer be a dream, it will be a reality enjoyed by every young woman
on this planet.
41. What did the writer's father do in those days?
A. He opened a bookstore B. He opened a hospital
C. He opened a night school. D. He opened a supermarket
42. Why is it important for girls to go to school?
A. Because they will become their children’s first teacher someday
B. Because they love reading.
C. Because they can learn how to write their own names.
D. Because they can be smarter than boys.
43. What's the number of girls who can go back to school with the help of Spring Bud Education
Program?
A. 3 million. B. More than 3 million
C. Less than 3 million D. Over 2 million.
44. Which of the following statements is NOT mentioned?38
A. Education is about the young people.
B. Education is about women and the girls.
C. Education is about equality
D. Education is about money
45. According to the passage, the writer's Chinese dream is that ___________.
A. all women can have chances to get good education
B. all people can have chances to get good education
C. all children especially boys can have chances to get good education
D. all children especially girls can have chances to get good education
【答案】41. C 42. A 43. B 44. D 45. D
【41 题详解】
细节理解题。根据短文中的句子“In those days, not many villagers could read. So my father opened
a night school to teach them how to read.”可知，在那时没有多少村民能读书，因此作者的父亲开了
一所夜校教他们读书。故答案为 C。
【42 题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中的句子“It is important for girls to go to school because they will become
their children's first teacher someday.”可知，作者认为女孩们上学很重要，因为她们总有一天会成
为孩子的启蒙老师。故答案为 A。
【43 题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中的句子“In China, Spring Bud Education Program(春蕾计划) has helped over
3 million girls go back to school.”可知，在春蕾教育的帮助有 300 万女孩重返校园，故答案为 B。
【44 题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二，三，四自然段开头的句子“Education is about women and the girls. Education
is about equality. Education is about the young people.”可知，作者在文中提到了三种教育：关于39
妇女和女孩的教育，关于公平教育，关于青年人的教育，故 D 答案没有提到。
【45 题详解】
根据短文最后一段中的句子“I was once asked about my Chinese dream. I said I hope all children
especially girls can have chances to get good education. This is my Chinese dream.”可知，作者的中国
梦就是希望所有的孩子，尤其是女孩都有机会接受良好的教育。故答案选 D。
21.【2018 年湖北省咸宁】Shang Yang was a politician of the Qin state. He was very wise and
forward-thinking(有远见的). He worked out several reform plans for the state, including focusing
on farming and giving rewards(奖赏) to soldiers who were successful during war.
But at the beginning, these reforms were not easily carried out. Only a few people in the state
understood Shang's talent and the advantages of his plans. Most people had little trust and
confidence in him.
To solve this problem, Shang came up with an idea. He ordered some soldiers to put a thin wooden
pole at the south gate of the Qin state capital. This attracted many people. Then, in front of
the crowd, he said loudly: "People of Qin, whoever takes this pole to the north gate will get
a reward of 10 gold pieces."
It was a simple task and the reward was big. Some time passed and no one stepped forward. They
all thought that Shang was joking. Hearing no answer, Shang stepped forward and said, "I will
increase the reward to 50 gold pieces."
The words sounded even more unbelievable. Finally, a man from the crowd came forward to take the
pole. He put the pole on his shoulders and walked to the north gate. True to his word, Shang paid
the man 50 gold pieces.
Soon, the people were saying that Shang was a man of his word. When he began promoting(推行) his
reforms, the people followed and did not question him.
Under the great reforms, Qin grew strong and united all the states, becoming the first empire
of China. Later, people drew the Chinese idiom “立木取信” from this story.
26. Shang Yang's reforms .
A. were never trusted by people B. made Qin grow strong
C. were carried out easily at the beginning D. focused on farming and education
27. To let people trust him, Shang Yang .
A. ordered many young men to join the army40
B. gave a reward to anyone who supported him
C. showed that he could keep his promises
D. introduced his reforms at the south gate of the capital
28. What does the underlined word “unbelievable” mean in the passage?
A. 不能实现的 B. 不可能的 C. 难以理解的 D. 难以置信的
29. Which of the following is WRONG according to the passage?
A. The Chinese idiom “立木取信” just came from this story.
B. Under the reforms, Qin united all the states.
C. The man who carried the pole to the north gate was paid only 10 gold pieces.
D. At first, only a few people in the state understood the advantages of Shang Yang's plans.
30. What's the main idea of this story?
A. Earning people's trust is never easy.
B. Keeping promises can earn people's trust.
C. Money can lead people to do anything in the world.
D. Reforms are important for a country to develop.
【答案】26. B 27. C 28. D 29. C 30. B
【解析】
短文讲述了秦朝的商鞅变法。商鞅为了取得国人的信任使变法得以有效实施，想出了一个“立木取信”的
办法，赢得了众人的信任与支持，商鞅变法使秦朝强大起来，统一了全国。同时故事也告诉我们只有信守
诺言才能赢得人们的信任。
【26 题详解】
细节理解题。根据短文最后一段的句子“Under the great reforms, Qin grew strong and united all the
states, becoming the first empire of China.”可知，商鞅变法使秦朝变得强大起来，故答案为 B。
【27 题详解】
细节理解题。为了取得众人的信任与支持，商鞅采取了“立木取信”的方法，表明他可以信守诺言，故答
案为 C。
【28 题详解】
词义猜测题。根据上一段中的句子“It was a simple task and the reward was big. Some time passed
and no one stepped forward. They all thought that Shang was joking.”可知，人们都不相信商鞅说
的话，认为他不会兑现自己的承诺，当赏金达到 50 金币的时候，更加令人难以置信。故答案为 D。41
【29 题详解】
判断正误题。根据短文最后一段的句子 Under the great reforms, Qin grew strong and united all the
states, becoming the first empire of China. Later, people drew the Chinese idiom “立木取信”
from this story.可知，立木取信源于这个故事，商鞅变法使秦统一了全国，A,B 答案正确；根据“True to
his word, Shang paid the man 50 gold pieces.”可知，那个扛杆子到北门的男子得到了 50 金币的赏金
，C 答案错误；根据第二段中的句子“But at the beginning, these reforms were not easily carried
out. Only a few people in the state understood Shang's talent and the advantages of his plans.”可知，
起初只有少数人支持商鞅变法。D 答案正确。
【30 题详解】
主旨大意题。根据短文倒数第二段中的句子“Soon, the people were saying that Shang was a man of his
word. When he began promoting(推行) his reforms, the people followed and did not question
him.”可知，只有信守诺言才能赢得人们的信任。故答案为 B。
22.【2018 年湖北省咸宁】If you want to travel from Xi'an to Chengdu by train, it will take about
16 hours. But starting this month, the new Xi'an-Chengdu high-speed railway will shorten this
travel time to three hours.
The 643-kilometer line is China's first high-speed railway to run through the
Qinling
Mountains, which form a natural boundary(分界线) between China's north and south. With a speed
of 250 km per hour, it's also the first mountain-heavy train line to provide a 4G network.
Along the way, the train passes through two areas for rare(稀有) wild animals — one for pandas
and the other for crested ibises(朱鹮).
To reduce the railway's influence on the animals, workers and experts have designed and built
the railway to be environmentally friendly, China Daily reported.
In September, there were 345 wild pandas living in the Qinling Mountains. China now has l,864
wild pandas in total, according to the Xinhua News Agency.
To avoid disturbing the pandas, the railway was designed to run through tunnels(隧道)
within the area. Protective shields(防护屏) are placed near the entrance of each tunnel to stop
animals from going in.
To avoid hurting the thousands of crested ibises that fly near one part of the
railway, protective nets have been set up along the tracks to make sure the birds will not fly 42
into a train.
The nets are about 32 km long and 4 meters high. Experts tested different shapes and materials
for building the nets before making their final choice.(A report in December, 2017)
31. From this month, it will take to travel from Xi'an to Chengdu by the high-speed train.
A. 16 hours B. 13 hours C. 6 hours D. 3 hours
32. Which of the following is TRUE about the new Xi'an-Chengdu railway?
A. It is China's first high-speed railway.
B. It runs through the Qinling Mountains.
C. It is the first mountain-heavy train line.
D. It is the first train line with a 4G network.
33. Why was the railway designed and built to be environmentally friendly?
A. To save money and energy.
B. To avoid harming wild animals.
C. To avoid damaging the mountains.
D. To help the train run through tunnels quietly.
34. What are experts using to stop animals from going into the tunnels?
A. Entrances. B. Tracks. C. Protective shields. D. Protective nets.
35. This news about the new railway is reported by _.
A. China Daily B. the Xinhua News Agency C. the 4G network D. CCTV
【答案】31. D 32. B 33. B 34. C 35. A
【解析】
这是一篇关于西安-成都高速铁路即将开通的报道。这条 643 公里的线路是中国第一条贯穿秦岭的高速铁路，
使以前从西安乘火车到成都 16 个小时的车程缩短行车时间至三小时。为了减少铁路对野生动物的影响，专
家们在设计高铁线路的时候为避免打扰到野生动物做出了很多努力。
【31 题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段中的句子“But starting this month, the new Xi'an-Chengdu high-speed railway
will shorten this travel time to three hours.”可知，乘高速列车从西安到成只需要 3 个小时。故答
案为 D。43
【33 题详解】
细节理解题。根据文中句子“To reduce the railway's influence on the animals, workers and experts
have designed and built the railway to be environmentally friendly,”可知，为了减少铁路对野生
动物的影响，专家们在设计铁路上做出了很大的努力，充分考虑到周围的环境，故答案为 B。
【34 题详解】
细节理解题。根据文中句子“Protective shields(防护屏) are placed near the entrance of each tunnel
to stop animals from going in.”可知，为了阻止动物进入隧道，在隧道口附近设立了防护屏，故答案
为 C。
【35 题详解】
细节理解题。根据文中句子“To reduce the railway's influence on the animals, workers and experts
have designed and built the railway to be environmentally friendly, China Daily reported.”可
知，《中国日报》报道了这条新铁路的消息。故答案为 A。
23.【2018 年山东东营】“You have saved my horse,” Queen Olivia told the young boy standing
before her. “Now you shall get a gift for what you did.” Peter nervously ran his fingers through
his brown hair. That day when he was working in the field, the shocked horse ran past him. Without
thinking, he rushed out and controlled it. He didn’t know it was the Queen’s horse and never
expected to get a gift. But he still felt happy for getting one.
Two of the queen’s men appeared. One carried a mirror. Red jewels(珠宝) shone on top of
the mirror’s silver frame(框架). The other carried a wooden cage with a chicken inside it.
“Only one gift can be yours,” the queen said. “Choose wisely.” “That’s easy,” Peter
said. “I’ll take the chicken.” Some of the queen’s men laughed. It was clear that they thought
he had made a foolish choice.
“And why did you choose the chicken?” the queen asked. “Well, I don’t know much about
jewels,” Peter answered. “But I do know about chickens. The chicken will provide eggs for my
family for a long while.”
Queen Olivia smiled. “Then you did make a wise choice,” she said. “That mirror may look 44
beautiful. But the jewels you see are only colored glass, and the frame is painted silver. The
chicken is much more valuable.” Peter took the chicken and bowed. “Thank you, your majesty.”
“You are a smart child,” the queen added. “I could use a smart boy to help take care of
my horses. Would you like to take the job?” Peter smiled. “Thank you very much!” he said
excitedly. A job at the castle paid well. Now his family wouldn’t worry about their food any
more--all because he was kind to help others and smart enough to make the right choice!
26. The Queen gave Peter a gift because .
A. he saved her horse B. he was smart
C. she liked him D. he was poor
27. Peter decided to choose the .
A. jewels B. mirror C. chicken D. silver frame
28. From Para.3-5, we can know that .
A. it was difficult for Peter to make the choice
B. all the men thought Peter’s decision was right
C. Peter thought the chicken would be useful to his family
D. Peter knew the jewels weren’t real before he made the choice
29. The right order of Peter’s story is .
a. Peter got a well-paid job.
b. Peter chose the gift wisely.
c. Peter could get a gift for what he did.
d. Peter would help his family have a better life.
A. d c b a B. c b a d C. c b d a D. c a d b
30. After reading the passage, we can infer(推断) that .
A. Peter only thought of himself
B. Peter couldn’t take good care of the Queen’s horses
C. chickens became the popular gifts in their country
D. it was wise of Peter to choose something that he knew well
【答案】26. A 27. C 28. C 29. B 30. D
【解析】
短文大意：年轻的彼得无意间救了奥利维亚女王的马，女王让他在珠宝和小鸡之间选择一种作为礼物，彼45
得选择了他所熟悉的鸡，因为他知道鸡能给他的家庭提供鸡蛋。女王认为彼得确实做出了明智的选择，认
为彼得是个聪明的孩子，决定让他照顾自己的马。有了这份工作，彼得获得了很好的报酬，帮助他的家人
过上了更好的生活。
【26 题详解】
细节理解题。根据短文开头的句子“You have saved my horse,”Queen Olivia told the young boy standing
before her.“Now you shall get a gift for what you did.”可知，女王送给彼得一件礼物，因为他救
了她的马。故答案为 A。
【27 题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段中的句子 Peter said.“I’ll take the chicken.”可知，彼得决定选择鸡，答案
为 C。
【28 题详解】
细节理解题。根据“That’s easy,”Peter said.“I’ll take the chicken.”可知，彼得很容易做出选
择；根据“Some of the queen’s men laughed. It was clear that they thought he had made a foolish
choice.”可知，他们认为彼得的决定是愚蠢的；根据“But I do know about chickens. The chicken will
provide eggs for my family for a long while.”可知，彼得认为母鸡能为他的家庭提供鸡蛋，对他的家人
是有用的；根据“Well, I don’t know much about jewels,”Peter answered.可知，彼得对珠宝不是很
了解。故正确答案为 C。
【29 题详解】
句子排序题。通读短文我们可以知道彼得救了女王的马，将得到女王送给他的礼物，彼得明智地做出了选
择，选择了他所熟悉的东西，女王认为彼得确实做出了明智的选择，认为彼得是个聪明的孩子，决定让他
照顾自己的马，有了这份工作，彼得获得了很好的报酬，帮助他的家人过上了更好的生活。因此能够反映
故事情节句子的顺序为 c b a d，答案选 B。
24.【2018 年山东东营】When you feel a sneeze（喷嚏）or cough coming on, covering your mouth
prevents the spread of germs(细菌). You probably knew that.46
But how to cover your mouth is very important. You might use tissues(纸巾), and put your used
tissues into the bin. “If you don’t have tissues, you should sneeze into your elbow, not your
hand, even if you are used to doing that.” The doctors advised.
“If somebody sneezes into his hands, those germs will be passed on to other people, or other
objects that people touch.” said Dr. Hill.
Germs are most commonly spread by sneezing and coughing. When they land on your hands, they
are passed from hands to things like bills, door knobs(扶手), elevator buttons（电梯按钮） and
other surfaces. At the same time, the people around you can touch them.
This isn’t nagging（唠叨）. The Centers for Disease Control also suggest that sneezing and
coughing into your elbow is necessary. Even the New York City subway officers ask the passengers
to “cough or sneeze into elbow or use a tissue.”
“The suggestion was taken seriously about 10 years ago. However, most people didn’t pay
much attention to it. That means the adults may have missed the advice. But children are often
taught in school the right way to cough or sneeze.” Dr. Benjamin said.
To be clear, people can’t keep away from all the risks in this way, but it’s the best choice.
At the same time, we’d better wear masks（口罩） and often wash our hands. “Hand washing is
one of the most important things people can do to keep healthy.” Dr. Hill said.
31. According to this passage, when sneezing or coughing, you’d better NOT .
A. sneeze into your elbow
B. cover your mouth with tissues
C. use your hand to cover mouth
D. put the used tissues in the bin
32. If you sneeze or cough into hands, germs can spread through the following activities EXEPT
.
A. B. C. D.
33. Which is NOT true according to the passage?47
A. The New York City subway officers ask passengers to use a tissue.
B. The adult may be used to sneezing into their elbow.
C. The children are often taught in school the right way to cough or sneeze.
D. Wearing masks is a good way to keep away from germs.
34. What’s the main purpose of this article? .
A. To tell us the correct way to cover mouth when sneezing or coughing.
B. To tell us how to prevent the spread of germs.
C. To tell us it’s necessary to sneeze or cough into elbow.
D. To tell us how to keep away from all risks.
35. In which layout(版面) of the newspaper can we find this kind of passage? .
A. Health B. Sports C. Business D. Education
【答案】31. C 32. D 33. B 34. B 35. A
【解析】
这是一篇有关健康方面的文章。告诉我们打喷嚏或咳嗽时最好不要用手捂住嘴，因为细菌会落到手上，它
们会从手中传递到纸币、门把手、电梯按钮等其他物体的表面而传播给他人。只有及时洗手才能洗掉细菌，
防止细菌传播。戴口罩也是有效防止细菌传播的好方法。
【31 题详解】
细节理解题。根据文中句子“If you don’t have tissues, you should sneeze into your elbow, not your
hand. If somebody sneezes into his hands, those germs will be passed on to other people, or other
objects that people touch.”可知，打喷嚏或咳嗽时，最好不要用手捂住嘴，如果打喷嚏到手上，这些病
菌就会传染给其他人或其他人接触的物体。故答案选 C。
【32 题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段中的句子“Germs are most commonly spread by sneezing and coughing. When
they land on your hands, they are passed from hands to things like bills, door knobs(扶手), elevator
buttons（电梯按钮） and other surfaces.”可知，打喷嚏和咳嗽时用手捂嘴，细菌会落到手上，它们会
从手中传递到纸币、门把手、电梯按钮和其他的表面。因此电梯按钮、握手和门把手都是细菌的传播途径，
只有及时洗手才能洗掉细菌，防止细菌传播，答案为 D。
【33 题详解】
判断正误题。根据 Even the New York City subway officers ask the passengers to “cough or sneeze
into elbow or use a tissue.”就连纽约地铁官员也要求乘客“咳嗽或打喷嚏到肘部或使用纸巾。A 正确；48
根据 If you don’t have tissues, you should sneeze into your elbow, not your hand, even if you
are used to doing that.可知，以前人们打喷嚏或咳嗽时，习惯用手捂住嘴，B 答案错误；根据 But children
are often taught in school the right way to cough or sneeze.可知，孩子们经常在学校里被教授一些咳嗽
或打喷嚏的正确方法。C 答案正确；根据 At the same time, we’d better wear masks（口罩）and often
wash our hands.可知，戴口罩也是远离细菌的好方法。D 答案也是正确的。不正确的只有 B。
【34 题详解】
主旨大意题。根据短文开头的句子 When you feel a sneeze（喷嚏）or cough coming on, covering your
mouth prevents the spread of germs(细菌).可知，本文主要通过打喷嚏和咳嗽时应该如何做来告诉我们
如何防止细菌的传播这一目的。故答案选 B。
【35 题详解】
推理判断题。根据短文最后的句子“Hand washing is one of the most important things people can do
to keep healthy.”可知，短文主要介绍了如何有效防止细菌的传播，最大限度地保持身体健康。是有关健
康方面的文章，故答案选 A。
25.【2018 年广西贺州】
Life Supermarket
We sell all kinds of fresh
fruit and vegetables!
Open: 8: 00 am --10: 00 pm
Address: 28 Jianshe Road
Tel:5298l88
Website: www.lifesm.cn
Hezhou Museun
Different kinds of ancient
tools are on show.
Open: Tuesday to Sunday every
week.
Price: Free
Tel: 5281236
Address: I PE. Road
Hope Art Club
Learn to play some musical
instruments!
Dates: 26-30 June, 2018
Cost: 800 yuan
Tel: 5271266
Address: 17 Xinxing Road
21. What does Life Supermarket sell?
A. Fruit and vegetables.
B. Musical instruments.
C. Ancient Tools.
D. Movie tickets.
22. How many days is Hezhou Museum open every week?49
A. 4 days.
B. 5 days.
C. 6 days.
D. 7 days.
23. If Lily wants to join the Hope Art Club, how much will she pay?
A. 700 yuan.
B. 800 yuan.
C. 900 yuan.
D. 1000 yuan.
【答案】21. A 22. C 23. B
【解析】
【分析】
本篇文章难度适中，主要讲述三个广告。
【21 题详解】
细节理解题。根据 We sell all kinds of fresh fruit and vegetables 可知，卖蔬菜和水果，故选 A。
【22 题详解】
细节理解题。根据 Tuesday to Sunday 可知，周二至周天，共六天，故选 C。
【点睛】细节理解题是考试时经常考查的一个题型。做细节理解题时，首先要先读题干，划题干中的关键
词，再根据关键词定位至文中即可找到正确答案。
26.【2018 年广西贺州】"Mom, "said Trevor, as he watched his mother washing the old cans (罐),
"why are you washing these old cans?"
"I'm getting them ready for being put into the recycling box," said Mom.
"Well, they are rubbish to us, because we don' t need them anymore. I wash the cans out so
that they won't attired insects," said Mom. "We don' t use some things, but it doesn't mean they
have no value. These cans can be melted (熔化) down to make new cans or other things."
"I didn't think of that," said Trevor. "Is that why you save all the cardboard(纸板) or
newspapers too?"50
Mom nodded, "That is also why I save all those vegetable bits, I use them all in our garden."
"Our teacher told us about projects other classes had done for Earth Day, and she asked for
suggestions for our class projects. I can't think of anything. Do you have any good ideas, Mom?"
asked Trevor.
Mom wiped (擦) her hands with a towel (毛巾) and thought for a few minutes. "I saw an article
in a magazine about wise ideas about recycling. It must be something you will be interested in."
24. What was Trevor’s mother doing?
A. She was reading a magazine。
B. She was washing some old cans.
C. She was cooking in the kitchen。
D. She was packing some old newspapers。
25. Trevor's mother saves some things EXCEPT ________ in this passage.
A. cardboard
B. newspapers
C. vegetable bits
D. plastic bags
26. Which of the following is WRONG according to the passage?
A. We can use old cans to make new cans or other things.
B. Trevor's teacher wants to get some suggestions for her class projects.
C. Mom used a towel to dry her hands.
D. We can know the name of the magazine.
27. What will they probably do after the conversation?
A. They will write a new article.
B. They will throw the cans away.
C. They will look for the magazine.
D. They will wash more cans together.
【答案】24. B 25. D 26. D 27. C
【解析】
【分析】
本篇文章难度适中，主要讲述特雷弗和他的妈妈谈论关于回收利用的事情。51
【24 题详解】
细节理解题。根据"Mom, "said Trevor, as he watched his mother washing the old cans (罐), "why are
you washing these old cans?"可知，他的妈妈正在洗旧罐子，故选 B。
【26 题详解】
细节理解题。根据 These cans can be melted (熔化) down to make new cans or other things 可知，排除 A；
根据"Our teacher told us about projects other classes had done for Earth Day 可知，排除 B；根据 Mom
wiped (擦) her hands with a towel (毛巾) and thought for a few minutes 可知，排除 C。根据 I saw
an article in a magazine about wise ideas about recycling 可知，不知道杂志的名字，故选 D。
【27 题详解】
推理判断题。根据 I saw an article in a magazine about wise ideas about recycling. It must be
something you will be interested in 可知，他们谈论到一本杂志上有关于回收的文章，接下来他们用该
要找这本杂志，故选 C。
【点睛】对于题干中要求要求找 True/False/Not true/Not false 这类题，直接看选项。根据选项定位至某
一部分进行分析。
27.【2018 年广西贺州】Sometimes you get so angry that you feel like you are going to burst! It
may seem like your anger (生气，发怒) will be the boss of you. What can you do to control your
anger and how to keep yourself and others healthier and safer? Here are some ideas to help you.
Take a deep breath before your heart slows down again.
Count from 1 to 10 slowly in your mind before you open your mouth. Then count another 10. Think
about what to do or say before making a choice.
Walk away from the place that makes you angry. Go somewhere else until you've thought about what
you can do.
Use your words to tell your feelings. Don't hurt anyone with your hands or feet.
Say what you feel in a low voice, not in a loud voice.
Sometimes you need to do something to let those angry feelings out. For example, doing a chore
that you hate is a very good idea. It can get rid of (消除) your anger and you can feel better 52
when that chore has been done. In this way, you will make anger become something useful.
28. What's the Chinese meaning of the underlined word "burst" in this passage?
A. 绽放
B. 爆炸
C. 分隔
D. 闯入
29. What will happen if you are the boss of your anger?
A. You can burst.
B. You can shout loudly.
C. You can keep calm.
D. You can be dangerous.
30. How many numbers should you count to control yourself before making a choice?
A. 10
B. 20
C. 30
D. 40
31. What's the best title of this passage?
A. How to control your anger?
B. Don't hurt anyone with your hands.
C. Do some chores that you hate.
D. How to make a good choice?
【答案】28. B 29. C 30. B 31. A
【解析】
本篇文章难度适中，主要讲述控制愤怒的几种方法。
【28 题详解】
词义猜测题。根据 Sometimes you get so angry that you feel like you are going to burst 可知，人
们生气时，感觉自己要炸了，故选 B。
【29 题详解】
推理判断题。根据 It may seem like your anger (生气，发怒) will be the boss of you 可知，如果你
没控制住情绪，生气就是你的老板，如果你控制住自己的情绪，你就会成为生气的老板，故选 C。53
【30 题详解】
细节理解题。根据 Count from I to 10 slowly in your mind before you open your mouth. Then count
another 10. Think about what to do or say before making a choice 可知，要数 20 下，故选 B。
【31 题详解】
主旨大意题。根据 What can you do to control your anger and how to keep yourself and others healthier
and safer? Here are some ideas to help you 可知，本文主要讲述控制愤怒的情绪，故选 A。
28.【2018 年广西贺州】Some cool inventions are listed in Science Magazine's 25 best inventions
of 2018. They are "making the world better, smarter and -- in some cases -- a little more fun",
according to the magazine's website. Do you want to lean more about some of the inventions? Let's
find out.
● Spark
Spark is a new type of drones (飞行器) made by a Chinese company (公司) in Shenzhen called
DJI. It can help people take photos and videos. Spark might be the smallest drone ever made. When
folded, it is as small as a can of cola (可乐罐). The coolest part is that users can control the
small drone just by using hand gestures(手势). For example, if you wave (挥动) your hand from
left to right, the drone will fly in the same direction. When you want it to land, you just put
your hand out. The drone will come to you and land on your hand.
● Social Robot
Robots may not be good communicators. But Jibo, made by US company Jibo Inc, may be different.
With a big, round head and round, fat body, Jibo looks like a cartoon character. As soon as you
say, "Hey, Jibo." It will giggle(咯咯地笑), dance and turn to face you. When it talks to you,
it moves its head and body naturally to communicate with you. Although it has no eyes or mouth,
Jibo uses animated icons (生动的表情), such as a smile icon, to show emotions. Right now Jibo
can only do some basic things, like taking photos or reading the news to you. But it may learn
to do more in the future.
32. According to the passage, we know _______.
A. Spark might be bigger than any other drones.
B. Spark is controlled by using hand gestures.
C. Spark can only fly towards the same direction.54
D. Spark is created by a US company.
33. Jibo is ________.
A. a robot
B. a drone
C. a wheel
D. the name of a magazine
34. What can we know about Jibo?
A. It has a round head and a thin body.
B. It looks like a cartoon character.
C. It can do lots of difficult work.
D. It has two eyes and a mouth.
35. What do the two inventions have in common?
A. Both of them are made by Chinese companies.
B. Both of them have big bodies.
C. Both of them can fly in the sky.
D. Both of them can help us take photos.
【答案】32. B 33. A 34. B 35. D
【解析】
本篇文章难度适中，主要讲述 2018 年两大最好的发明。
【33 题详解】
细节理解题。根据 Robots may not be good communicators. But Jibo, made by US company Jibo Inc, may
be different 可知，是个机器人，故选 A。
【34 题详解】
细节理解题。根据 With a big, round head and round, fat body 可知，排除 A；根据 Right now Jibo can 55
only do some basic things, like taking photos or reading the news to you 可知，排除 C；根据 Although
it has no eyes or mouth, Jibo uses animated icons (生动的表情)可知，排除 D。根据 Jibo looks like
a cartoon character 可知，它看起来像卡通人物，故选 B。
【35 题详解】
细节理解题。根据 It can help people take photos and videos 以及 Right now Jibo can only do some
basic things, like taking photos or reading the news to you 可知，他们都可以帮人们拍照，故选 D
。
29.【2018 年湖北省黄石市】Tony never eats fish. This is not because he is allergic(过敏) to
fish as food. He simply does not like the taste of it. You may not think this quite surprising,
until I tell you that he has been a fisherman of one kind or another for most of his life.
At first, fishing was just a hobby. He used to sit on the river bank with his fishing rod(鱼竿)
in his hand, waiting to feel the pull on the line. It meant a fish was trying to get the food
from the hook(鱼钩). He wound(收回) the line as soon as possible and took the hook from the
fish’s mouth, recorded its size in a notebook, then threw it back into the water.
Later, he used to go to sea on his friend’s fishing boat. Instead of throwing back the fish
they caught, his friend took them home, where his wife cooked them or put them in the fridge for
future meals.
Finally, Tony took a job on a large fishing boat. In their huge nets, they caught many fish
at a time. Every time Tony found some small fish in the nets, he would say to himself: “How poor
you are!” Again, Tony threw the small fish back into the sea.
26. Why does Tony never eat fish? Because __________.
A. he has been a fisherman for most of his life
B. he doesn’t like the taste of fish
C. he does not eat fish or meat
D. he would have a stomachache after having fish
27. He used to sit by the river, _________.
A. waiting for the fish to eat the food from the hook
B. listening to soft music and waiting for his friend
C. waiting for his friend to talk about their dreams
D. sitting around and doing nothing56
28. What did Tony do after he got fish from the river?
A. He brought it back home and cooked it.
B. He sent it to his friend’s home.
C. He took a photo of the fish and posted it onlines.
D. He threw it back into the river.
29. Tony’s friend took the fish home and _______.
A. he could enjoy the harevsest with Tony
B. he wrote down the size of the fish in a notebook
C. he cooked and shared them with Tony together
D. his wife cooked them or prepared them for future meals
30. From the passage, we know that _________.
A. Tony never changed his job
B. Tony didn’t get along well with his friend
C. Tony is a kind of fisherman
D. Tony caught few fish at a time
【答案】26. B 27. A 28. D 29. D 30. C
【解析】
短文大意：这是一篇记叙文，文章主要讲述了作为渔业工作者的托尼喜欢钓鱼却不喜欢吃鱼的故事。
【26 题详解】
题意：托尼为什么从来不吃鱼？因为 。考查细节理解题。根据 He simply does not like the taste
of it. 他不喜欢鱼的味道，可知选 B。
【27 题详解】
题意：他过去常坐在河边 。考查细节理解题。根据 He used to sit on the river bank with his fishing
rod in his hand, waiting to feel the pull on the line. 他等着感觉到绳子的拉力，可知是等待鱼儿
从钩子上吃食物，故选 A。
【28 题详解】
题意：托尼从河里捞到鱼后做了什么？考查细节理解题。根据 He wound the line as soon as possible and
took the hook from the fish’s mouth, recorded its size in a notebook, then threw it back into
the water.他记下鱼的大小后再扔回水里，可知选 D。
【29 题详解】57
题意：托尼的朋友把鱼带回家 。考查细节理解题。根据 his friend took them home, where his wife
cooked them or put them in the fridge for future meals.，可知朋友们带回家做鱼吃或放进冰箱里，
故选 D。
【30 题详解】
题意：从这篇文章中，我们了解到 。考查细节理解题。A. Tony never changed his job 托尼从未改
变他的工作；B. Tony didn’t get along well with his friend 托尼和他的朋友相处不好；C. Tony is a
kind of fisherman 托尼是一个渔夫；D. Tony caught few fish at a time 托尼一次钓不到几条鱼。根据
短文内容，结合第一段 he has been a fisherman of one kind or another for most of his life.，可知本文讲
述的是渔夫托尼钓鱼的故事，故选 C。
30.【2018 年湖北省黄石市】The first Chinese actor captured (征服) the hearts of many Chinese in
the USA. He read a letter by Zhuge Liang(181~ 234) to the emperor of Shuhan during the Three
Kingdoms(220~280) period in the new season of Growling Tiger and Roaring Dragon(《虎啸龙吟》)
The letter has been read by so many students. We would never have thought that the text written
in old Chinese could be so beautifully read in another language. As a result, foreigners begin
to show interest in Rommance of the Three Kingdoms, translated bt C.H. Brewitt-Tailor and Robert
E. Hegel.
Earlier in November 1979, pupils in England were able to watch a new TV program called Monkey.
Most of them were hearing the story for the first time. However, the story of the Mokey King isn’t
new to Chinese Children in the traditional Chinese book Journey to the West.
As soon as the TV programme came out more than 30 years ago, western children became interested
in reading this story because the clever Monkey King keeps fighting to help the weak and never
gives up.
Chinese scholars(学者) should do a better job of introducing Chinese literature(文学) to the
rest of the world. At the same time, we could encourage western schools to try something different.
Reading international literature is an effective way of understanding other people in the
world. And the more we understand each other, the more beautiful the world will be.
31. The letter by Zhuge Liang (181~234) to the emperor of Shuhan(20~280) was read so beautifully
in another language ________.
A. in China B. in Canada C. in the USA D. in England
32. ______most of the pupils in England were hearing the story of Monkey King in November,1979.58
A. For the first time B. For the second time
C. Again and again D. For several times
33. The underlined word “effective” might mean________.
A. 有意义的 B. 有效果的 C. 有理想的 D. 有情怀的
34. According to the passgae, which of the following is NOT true?
A. Western children are interested in reading Journey to the West.
B. Reading international literature can help understand people in the world.
C. The Monkey King never give up in order to help the weak.
D. Chinese scholars have done best in introducing Chinese literature to the world.
35. The best title for the passage may be ________.
A. How to read world literature
B. Rommance of the Three Kingdoms, a traditional Chinese book
C. The traditional Chinese literature goes to the world.
D. More and more foreigners read traditional Chinese books
【答案】31. C 32. A 33. B 34. D 35. C
【31 题详解】
题意：诸葛亮给蜀汉皇帝的信在 用另一种语言读得如此优美。考查细节理解题。根据第一段 The first
Chinese actor captured the hearts of many Chinese in the USA. He read a letter by Zhuge Liang(181~
234) to the emperor of Shuhan during the Three Kingdoms(220~280) period in the new season of
Growling Tiger and Roaring Dragon.，可知是在美国读给美国观众的，故选 C。
【32 题详解】
题意：1979 年 11 月，英国大部分学生都 听到了孙悟空的故事。考查细节理解题。根据 Most of them
were hearing the story for the first time.，可知大多都是第一次，故选 A。
【33 题详解】
题意：下划线单词“effective”意思可能是 。考查词义理解题。根据下文 And the more we understand
each other, the more beautiful the world will be.我们越了解对方，世界就越美好，可知这种了解是59
有效的，故选 B。
【34 题详解】
题意：根据短文内容，下列哪一个是不正确的？考查细节理解题。A. Western children are interested in
reading Journey to the West.西方孩子对阅读《西游记》感兴趣。B. Reading international literature
can help understand people in the world.阅读国际文学可以帮助了解世界上的人们。C. The Monkey King
never give up in order to help the weak.孙悟空从不放弃帮助弱者。D. Chinese scholars have done
best in introducing Chinese literature to the world.中国学者在将中国文学引入世界方面做得最好。
根据 Chinese scholars should do a better job of introducing Chinese literature to the rest of the
world.中国学者应该更好地向世界其他地方介绍中国文学，可知 D 项说法不正确，故选 D。
【35 题详解】
题意：这篇文章最好的题目可能是 。考查标题归纳题。A. How to read world literature 如何阅读
世界文学。B. Rommance of the Three Kingdoms, a traditional Chinese book 三国演义，一本传统的中
国书。C. The traditional Chinese literature goes to the world.中国传统文学走向世界。D. More and
more foreigners read traditional Chinese books 越来越多的外国人阅读中国传统书籍。根据短文关于《三
国演义》和《美猴王》在英美受欢迎的内容，结合句子 Chinese scholars should do a better job of
introducing Chinese literature to the rest of the world.，可知认为中国学者应该更好地向世界其他地
方介绍中国文学，故选 C。
31.【2018 年湖北省荆州】In 1997,12-year-old American girl Caitlin and 14-year-old Zimbabwean (
津巴布韦人) Martin became pen friends through their schools. They didn’t realize at that time
how their handwritten letters would change their lives.
It all began as a school task. Everyone in Caitlin’s class was supposed to choose a pen friend
from another country. All the other kids picked countries like France or Germany, but Caitlin
chose Zimbabwe because the name sounded exotic(异国的) and cool.
Martin lived with his family in one of Zimbabwe’s worst slums(贫民窟) where they shared one
room with another family. And a bed was their only piece of furniture.
When Caitlin’s first letters reached Martin, they were simple and general. The two kids wrote
about their favorite music and what they liked to do. But as Martin gradually revealed more about
his life and his letters started arriving written on pieces of trash, Caitlin realized what the
living conditions were like for Martin. Without telling her parents, she began sending money with
her letters—$ 20 at a time. While the money was not much to Caitlin, it meant more food for Martin’s 60
family and enabled him to pay his school fees.
It lasted six years from their first exchange of letters to Martin’s arrival in the United
States. With the help of the money from Caitlin’s parents later on, Martin finished his university
and got his MBA from Duke University.
Today, Caitlin and Martin aren’t only best friends, but they also share their story in a
book called I Will Always Write Back. They want to encourage readers to look beyond their own
lives and do something kind for others, which might greatly influence their lives.
26. is from Zimbabwe?
A. Duke B. Caitlin C. Martin D. Frank
27. What does the underlined word “revealed” mean in Chinese?
A. 索要 B. 透露 C. 回顾 D. 检索
28. Which is the correct order of the following events?
a. They shared their story in a book.
b. Caitlin’s first letters reached Martin.
c. Caitlin chose a pen friend from Zimbabwe.
d. Martin got his MBA from Duke University.
A. a-b-c-d B. a-b-d-c C. c-b-d-a D. c-d-b-a
29. According to the passage, which of the following is not TRUE?
A. Caitlin chose Zimbabwe because the name sounded exotic and cool.
B. Martin lived a very hard life in one of the worst slums in Zimbabwe.
C. Martin’s family could get more food with Caitlin’s money in the letters.
D. They had kept writing to each other for five years before Martin arrived in the US.
30. Which would be the best title for this passage?
A. The Two Pen Friends B. The Power of Writing
C. The Special School Task D. The Money in Letters
【答案】26. C 27. B 28. C 29. D 30. A
【解析】
【分析】
这篇短文讲述的是 12 岁的美国女孩 Caitlin 和 14 岁的津巴布韦男孩 Martin 偶然地成为了笔友，他们之间
的通信维持了很多年，还改变了彼此的生活。61
【26 题详解】
细节理解题。根据短文第一句话 In 1997,12-year-old American girl Caitlin and 14-year-old Zimbabwean
(津巴布韦人) Martin became pen friends through their schools.可知，Martin 是来自津巴布韦的 14 岁男
孩。由此可知应选 C。
【28 题详解】
细节理解题。根据文意 Caitlin chose Zimbabwe…. When Caitlin’s first letters reached Martin…With
the help of the money from Caitlin’s parents later on, Martin finished his university and got
his MBA from Duke University….Today, Caitlin and Martin aren’t only best friends, but they also
share their story in a book called I Will Always Write Back.可知，Caitlin 先选择了一个来自津巴
布韦的笔友，然后他们开始通信，后来在 Caitlin 及家人的帮助下，Martin 从杜克大学获得了 MBA 学位，
现在他们仍然一起在一本书中分享他们的故事。故应选 C。
【29 题详解】
推理判断题。根据短文第五段中 It lasted six years from their first exchange of letters to
Martin’s arrival in the United States.可知，Caitlin 和 Martin 的通信维持了六年，不是五年，故 D
是错误的。根据第二段中 All the other kids picked countries like France or Germany, but Caitlin
chose Zimbabwe because the name sounded exotic(异国的) and cool.可知 A 符合文意；根据第三段 Martin
lived with his family in one of Zimbabwe’s worst slums(贫民窟) where they shared one room with
another family. And a bed was their only piece of furniture.可知 B 符合文意；根据第四段 Without
telling her parents, she began sending money with her letters—$ 20 at a time. While the money
was not much to Caitlin, it meant more food for Martin’s family and enabled him to pay his school
fees.可知 C 符合文意。62
【点睛】这篇短文是一篇记叙文，给我们讲述了一对特殊的笔友，美国女孩 Caitlin 和来自津巴布韦的男
孩 Martin 成为了笔友，他们之间的通信改变彼此的生活。文章内容贴近学生的日常生活，虽然有一些生词
的障碍，但不影响理解文章的大意和掌握文章的细节。后面的题目设置比较全面，有细节理解、推理判断、
词义猜测和主旨大意题，阅读理解的常考题型都出现了。细节理解考查学生们把握文章细节、快速寻找相
关信息的能力，答案都可以在原文找到；推理判断则需要根据文章内容进行合理的猜测或判断句子的正误；
词义猜测考查学生们猜测生词意思的能力，做题时需注意结合上下文的意思进行猜词；主旨大意考查对文
章整体内容的理解以及概括文章大意的能力。例如第 2 小题，这是一个词义猜测题，我们把划线的这个单
词还原到原文，根据句意可知，通过 Martin 的 revealed…，Caitlin realized…可知，后面 Caitlin 意识
到的事情是通过 Martin 的信才了解到的，所以 reveal 这个词的意思应该是“透露”，故 B 选项比较合适。
再如第 5 小题，这个题目要求给短文找一个适当的题目，A 是“两个笔友”；B 选项是“写作的力量”；C
是“特殊的学校任务”；D 是“信中的钱”。结合文意可知，短文介绍了两个来自不同国家的笔友通过写信
互相有了了解，还改变了彼此的生活，因此四个选项中最符合文意的应该是 A，这个题目有较强的概括性，
点明了文章的主要人物，有针对性。
32.【2018 年湖北省荆州】When it comes to shopping for clothes, my mother and I have always disagreed
on what fits me well. To me, if it zips, it fits. My mom, however, usually tells me I need a
bigger size.
When I was a teenager, I wanted to dress like my friends, but my body size made it impossible.
When mom told me something didn’t suit me, or I needed a bigger size, all I heard was that my
body was wrong.
To avoid arguments, we stopped going shopping together. This continued until I got engaged(订婚)
last year and needed to buy some clothes. When I tried on a blouse, my mother looked at me, and
I knew what was coming. “You need a bigger size,” she said.
There was no bigger size. I tried to hold back my tears(眼泪). Maybe I could buy it
alone, of course, but my mom is my favorite person to hang out with. The idea of looking for a
wedding dress without her seemed just as scary as taking her with me.
And so the day came. As I tried on a simple white dress, I saw tears in my mom’s eyes. “You
look beautiful!” she told me. Nothing could have shocked me more.
This one didn’t zip up at the back and I did actually need a bigger size, but my mother didn’t
say that. She just told me how beautiful I looked. In that moment, all the arguments in the past
ended. We didn’t buy a dress that day. We decided to see more.63
A few weeks later, we found the perfect dress. We both loved it as soon as I put it on.
And during those few weeks, mom and I also found the perfect fit for our shopping relationship.
31. What does the writer want to show in the first two paragraphs?
A. She likes the clothes with zippers while her mother doesn’t agree with her.
B. In mom’s opinion, her body is wrong and she is too fat to wear what she likes.
C. She really wants to dress like her friends, but her mom doesn’t allow her to do so.
D. She and mom always disagree on what clothes fit her because of wrong understanding.
32. Haw did the writer probably feel after she tried on the simple white dress?
A. Funny and surprised. B. Shocked and sorry.
C. Proud and moved. D. Excited and scary.
33. What does the underlined sentence in Paragraph 4 mainly mean?
A. I couldn’t shop for a wedding dress myself because my mom disagreed.
B. I felt kind of scary when I went shopping with my mother for a wedding dress.
C. I felt like shopping for a wedding dress with mom though she thought it was scary.
D. I wanted to shop for a wedding dress alone but I couldn’t stand shopping without mom.
34. Which is the besl word to describe the perfect fit for their shopping relationship?
A. Missing. B. Embarrassing, C. Understanding. D. Encouraging.
35. What’s the main idea of the text?
A. Praising makes the perfect fit for their shopping relationship.
B. Tears sure the best way to end arguments between family members.
C. Love is everything in good communication between family members.
D. Better communication requires not only love but also a more suitable way.
【答案】31. D 32. B 33. D 34. C 35. C
【解析】
【分析】
这篇短文讲述的是作者和妈妈在给自己买衣服这件事上，一开始总是意见不合。但后来作者要结婚了，在
买婚纱的时候，母女二人的互相理解以及对彼此的爱，促使他们改变了他们的购物关系。
【31 题详解】
细节理解题。根据前两段的内容尤其短文第一句话 When it comes to shopping for clothes, my mother and
I have always disagreed on what fits me well.可知，作者和她的妈妈在什么样的衣服适合她这件事上64
总是有不同的意见，故应选 D。
【32 题详解】
推理判断题。根据短文第五段 As I tried on a simple white dress, I saw tears in my mom’s eyes. “You
look beautiful!” she told me. Nothing could have shocked me more.可知，当作者试穿了一件简单的白色
礼服的时候，她看到妈妈眼睛里喊着泪，夸她非常漂亮，听到妈妈的话，作者感到非常的震惊，因为她和
妈妈在挑衣服的时候总是意见不同。再根据下文 This one didn’t zip up at the back and I did actually
need a bigger size, but my mother didn’t say that.可知，其实作者的确需要更大一点尺寸的衣服，
但是妈妈没有像以前那样说出来，所以作者的心里还会为妈妈的让步感到内心的抱歉，故 B 选项合适。
【33 题详解】
细节理解题。根据划线部分的这句话 The idea of looking for a wedding dress without her seemed just
as scary as taking her with me.可知，这句话本意为：在没有妈妈陪伴的情况下去找一件婚纱的这个想
法就跟带着她和我一起买一样的可怕。从这句话我们可以看出，作者既想妈妈陪着她一起去买婚纱，但又
怕和妈妈的意见不合，想要单独去买，这样的矛盾心情，故应选 D。
【34 题详解】
推理判断题。根据文意可知，一开始作者和妈妈对于买衣服这件事总是意见不合，但经过了买婚纱的事情
之后，他们找到了最适合的购物关系。从买婚纱的那件事我们可以看到，作者试穿的婚纱实际上需要再大
一号的，但妈妈没有说，还夸作者非常的漂亮；作者了解了妈妈的心情，最后并没有买那件婚纱，所以母
女二人是达到了互相的理解，所以他们最后买到了一件他们都喜欢的婚纱。故应选 C。
【35 题详解】
主旨大意题。这篇短文讲述的是作者和妈妈在给自己买衣服这件事上，一开始总是意见不合。但后来作者
要结婚了，在买婚纱的时候，母女二人的互相理解以及互相的爱，促使他们改变了他们的购物关系。通过
讲述这件事，作者是想要告诉我们：爱是家庭成员之间良好沟通的一切。故 C 选项最符合文意。
【点睛】这篇短文是一篇记叙文，讲述了作者如何改善了和妈妈的购物关系。文章在叙事中传达了深深的
母女之情，在理解文章的时候，要注意体会这种感情。后面的题目设置有细节理解、推理判断和主旨大意
题。记叙文的主旨大意较难概括，它不像议论文或者说明文，在文章中会出现点明文章主旨的句子。记叙
文是需要我们通过阅读作者讲述的事，自己归纳总结出它的中心。因此第 5 小题这个题目，需要我们更好
的去阅读理解文章，把握作者的思想感情，结合选项作答。这篇短文通过讲述作者和妈妈购物关系的改变，
实际传达的是母女之间的互相让步、互相理解以及对彼此的爱，故 C 选项最能概括文章的主旨，体现作者
的思想感情，所以选 C。65
33.【2018 年湖北省孝感】What can you make with pieces of paper? Look at Chen Yiyan's work! The
14-year-old boy in Hangzhou Foreign Language School has an amazing talent for paper-folding. He
has folded a “fantasy world" with his hands.
Chen wasn't born with this talent. When he was a fourth-grader, he found his brother's paper-folding
book. It got him interested in it. Following the 50 steps shown in the book, he made
his first work--a paper elephant within two hours. Since then, he has read many books about
paper-folding and practised folding paper in his spare time. So far, his fantasy world has many
members, such as monsters and robots. He made his favorite work last year. It was a paper dragon
that had almost 2,000 steps.
Chen used to fold paper himself until he met Li Changnan, an eighth-grader in his school who also
loved folding paper. They set up a paper-folding club last year. To their joy, their school
sponsored it. With the encouragement and the money provided, they had a paper-folding class every
Wednesday afternoon. The club soon attracted a lot of students. Now it has more than 20 members.
They showed their works and taught other students how to fold paper. On February 14th this year,
the club also held a speech for the kids in Wenzhou Children's Library.
It is really exciting to develop my hobby and share it with others at the same time, " said
Chen, "I hope more and more people get to know paper-folding and love the art
36. What made Chen Yiyan interested in paper-folding?
A. A paper-folding club
B. Meeting Li Changnan.
C. Wenzhou Children's Library
D. His brother's paper-folding book
37. Which work did Chen Yiyan like best?
A. A paper monster.
B. A paper elephant.
C. A paper dragon.
D. A paper robot.
38. What does the underlined word "sponsored” mean?
A. Supported.
B. Prevented.66
C. Refused.
D. Introduced.
39. Which of the following activities did the chub hold?
①holding competitions
②showing their works
③giving a speech
④reading books in the library
⑤teaching how to fold paper
⑥having paper-folding classes
A. ①②⑤⑥
B. ①③④⑤
C. ②③⑤⑥
D. ②③④⑥
40. Why did Chen Yiyan put so much effort into paper-folding?
A. To develop paper-folding art.
B. To build his own fantasy world.
C. To admire more paper-folding lovers.
D. To make himself famous in the school.
【答案】36. D 37. C 38. A 39. C 40. A
【解析】
试题分析：本文主要介绍了学生陈一彦喜欢折纸艺术，并为折纸艺术的发展做出很多努力，他希望越来越
多的人了解折纸并热爱这项艺术。
【36 题详解】
根据第二段第二、三句 When he was a fourth-grader, he found his brother's paper-folding book. It
got him interested in it.可知，哥哥的折纸书使他对折纸感兴趣。故填：D。
【38 题详解】67
根据语境可推知本句意为 “令他们高兴的是，他们学校支持这项活动”。所以单词 sponsored 意为“支持”。
A. Supported 支持；B. Prevented 阻止；C. Refused 拒绝；D. Introduced 介绍。故填：A。
【39 题详解】
根据第三段后半部分 With the encouragement and the money provided, they had a paper-folding class
every Wednesday afternoon（上折纸课）； They showed their works and taught other students how
to fold paper（展示作品、教学生折纸）； On February 14th this year, the club also held a speech
for the kids in Wenzhou Children's Library（做演讲）。 故填：C。
【40 题详解】
根据最后一段可知，陈在折叠上付出这么大的努力是为了发展折纸艺术。 故填：A。
34.【2018 年湖北省孝感】On Monday, I stopped my car in front of my daughter Juliet's middle
school. She jumped in
the front seat, feeling down. She asked me to help her study for her science test.
“Dad I need to memorize a unit about the Reproductive Cycle of Plants. And I can hardly make
it.”
"You know memorizing seems like the best way to study, but in fact you can do better in tests
if you work on trying to understand the material.”
Juliet was open to my advice. It was Monday afternoon and we had two nights to study before the
test on Wednesday. I suggested a plan. "Tomorrow night, you are going to teach the material to
me. Tonight, read the unit. Prepare to teach.”
Asking her to teach me was an unusual idea but I was determined to do it. Studies show teaching
somebody else is a very useful way to lean, Even if you don't do the teaching. the act of preparing
to teach leads to more learning than just trying your best to memorize the material.
On Tuesday afternoon, Juliet sat down with her Science book facing me said, “Okay Dad, let’s
study.” I wanted her to teach me. But false starts happened. I couldn’t be too hard on her.
So instead we starred with me asking her some simple questions. She knew some but not other. When
she didn't know the answers. I encouraged her to check the book.
She started checking things that didn't make sense. And she was actively seeking to test her
understanding. I was happy to see it. She wasn't memorizing, she was trying to make sense of things,
which was exactly what I had hoped she would do.68
41. Why did Juliet feel down?
A. Because she failed her science test.
B. Because she had trouble memorizing a unit.
C. Because she knew nothing about planting.
D. Because she couldn't follow her teacher.
42. In the writer’s opinion, which was the key to best learning?
A. Memorizing
B. Testing
C. Questioning.
D. Understanding
43. The underlined word "it" in paragraph 5 refers to “ “.
A. making her check the book
B. using simple questions to test her
C. encouraging her to read the unit
D. asking her to teach me the unit
44. When false starts happened, the writer was .
A. patient
B. worried
C. nervous
D. embarrassed
45. Which can be the best title for the passage?
A. A Creative Father
B. An Unexpected Test
C. Learning from Teaching
D. Preparing for Teaching
【答案】41. B 42. D 43. D 44. A 45. C
【解析】
试题分析：作者通过让女儿教他来学习，这种学习方式——从教中学习，可以帮助女儿深入理解知识，提
高理解能力。
【41 题详解】69
根据短文第三行 Dad I need to memorize a unit about the Reproductive Cycle of Plants. And I can
hardly make it 可知，朱丽叶感到沮丧，是因为她很难记住一个单元。故填：B。
【42 题详解】
根据第四、五行"You know memorizing seems like the best way to study, but in fact you can do better
in tests if you work on trying to understand the material.”可知，在作者看来，“理解”是最佳学习的
关键。故填：D。
【43 题详解】
根据句意“请她教我是个不同寻常的主意，但我下定决心去做”可知， it 指代“asking her to teach me
the unit”。故填：D。
【44 题详解】
根据第六段第二、三行 I couldn’t be too hard on her. So instead we starred with me asking her some
simple questions 可知，当女儿出现错误时，作者表现出“耐心”的一面。故填：A。
【45 题详解】
根据本文大意可知，作者通过让女儿教他来学习，这种学习方式——从教中学习，可以帮助女儿深入理解
知识，提高理解能力。 故填：C。
35.【2018 年湖南省张家界】Dear Marcos,
Hi, my name is Rebecca and I am your new pen pal. I’m twelve years old, and I live in Barcelona,
Spain. I go to the 7th grade in Saint Michael School. On weekdays, I get up at 6 o’clock. The
school starts at 7:30 in the morning. I have my lunch at the school cafeteria and I usually leave
around 3:30 in the afternoon. I am good at math, I also like history and geography but my favorite
subject is science. I like playing basketball and soccer. I also play tennis, and I like swimming.
On the weekends, I go to the movie theater with my friends. We like action movies. I usually go
to church with my parents on Sundays.
Please write and tell me about you and your life. What’s your family like? What do you like
doing in your spare time? I hope to hear from you soon.
Best wishes,
Rebecca
21. Rebecca lives in .
A. Spain B. England C. China
22. What time does the school start?70
A. Around 3:30 P.M.. B. At 7:30 A.M.. C. At 6 :00 A.M..
23. What’s Rebecca’s favorite subject?
A. Math. B. History. C. Science.
24. On Sundays, Rebecca with her parents.
A. plays tennis B. goes to church C. goes to the movie theater
25. From this passage we know .
A. Rebecca and her friends like action movies
B. Rebecca doesn’t like sports at all
C. Rebecca and Marcos are classmates
【答案】21. A 22. B 23. C 24. B 25. A
【21 题详解】
句意：丽贝卡住在西班牙。A.西班牙 B.英格兰 C.中国。这是丽贝卡写给马科斯的一封信，原文“I’m twelve
years old, and I live in Barcelona, Spain.”（我十二岁，我住在西班牙巴塞罗那。）说明丽贝卡住在西
班牙，故选 A。
【22 题详解】
句意：学校几点开始上课？A.下午 3:30 左右.B.早上 7 点半 C.早上 6 点。原文“The school starts at
7:30 in the morning.”（学校在早上七点半开始上课），故选 B。
【23 题详解】
句意：丽贝卡最喜欢的科目是什么？A.数学 B.历史 C.科学。原文“I am good at math, I also like history
and geography but my favorite subject is science.”（我擅长数学，我也喜欢历史和地理，但我最喜
欢的科目是科学。）说明丽贝卡最喜欢的科目是科学，故选 C。
【24 题详解】
句意：在每星期天，丽贝卡和她的父母一起去教堂。A.打网球 B.去教堂 C.去电影院。原文“I usually go
to church with my parents on Sundays. ”（我通常在星期天和父母一起去教堂。）说明每星期天丽贝卡和
她的父母一起去教堂，故选 B。
【25 题详解】71
句意：我们从这篇文章中可以知道丽贝卡和她的朋友喜欢动作片。A.丽贝卡和她的朋友喜欢动作片 B.丽贝
卡根本不喜欢运动 C.丽贝卡和马科斯是同学。原文“We like action movies.”（我们喜欢动作片）说明 A
正确，原文“I like playing basketball and soccer.”（我喜欢打篮球，踢足球）说明丽贝卡喜欢运动，B
错误，原文“I am your new pen pal”（我是你的新笔友）说明丽贝卡和马科斯的关系是笔友，不是同学，
C 错误，故选 A。
36.【2018 年江苏省苏州】Two little boys
Two little boys had two little toys
Each had a wooden horse.
Joyfully they played each summer’s day
Soldiers (士兵) both, of course.
Then Jack broke off his horse’s head,
Sad for his toy, then cried with joy
As his young friend Joe said:
Did you think I would leave you crying
When there’s room on my horse for two?
Climb up here, Jack, and don’t be crying
I can go just as fast with two
When we grow up we’ll both be soldiers
And our horses will
not be toys
And I wonder if we’l remember
When we were two little boys.
Long years past, war came so ___28___
Bravely they marched away.
Guns roared loud and in the mad crowd
Wounded and dying lie
Up goes a shout, a horse rushes out
Out from the crowd, to where Joe lay
Then came a voice he knew:
Did you think I would leave you dying
When there’s room on my horse for two?
Climb up here, Joe, we’ll soon be flying
I can go just as fast with two.
Now we are both real soldiers
And our horses are not toys
And I remember
When we were two little boys.72
28. What happened to Jack’s toy horse?
A. Its head was broken off. B. It was taken by soldiers.
C. It was broken by Joe. D. It was lost in the war.
29. The best word for the blank is .
A. fast B. hard C. slow D. quick
30. What is the song mainly about?
A. Dangerous war. B. Interesting games.
C. Pleasant summer. D. Valuable friendship.
【答案】28. A 29. A 30. D
【解析】
【分析】
这篇短文是一首诗歌，讲述了两个从小一起玩的小男孩，他们小时候一起玩木头马，Jack 的马坏了，Joe
就让他一起玩他的玩具马；长大了他们当了士兵去打仗，Jack 受伤了，Joe 骑着马把 Jack 带走了。
【28 题详解】
细节理解题。根据短文中 Then Jack broke off his horse’s head,可知，Jack 的玩具马的头断了。由此
可知应选 A。
【29 题详解】
推理判断题。根据诗歌的第二节 Long years past 很多年过去了，战争来了，这个空与上句话在词尾是押韵
的，past 的结尾是/st/，因此这个空应填 fast，它的结尾音也是/st/。故选 A。
【点睛】这篇短文是一首诗歌，讲述了两个人 Jack 和 Joe 从小到大的友谊，诗歌中句子都非常的简单，但
却通过这些简单的词句，讲述了两人深厚的友情。阅读时，应注意把握诗歌的内容以及它想传达的思想感
情。后面的题目设置有细节理解和主旨大意题，难度并不是很大。例如第 1 小题，题目问的是 Jack 的玩具
马怎么了，我们就以 Jack 这个名字和 toy horse 作为关键词，在原文中搜索相关的信息，那么在诗歌中 Then
Jack broke off his horse’s head,这句话告诉我们，Jack 的马头断了，由此可知应选 A。
37.【2018 年江苏省苏州】Hundreds of years ago, no dandelions (蒲公英) grew in North America. Then 73
people
came from Europe.They had dandelion seeds on their clothes. The seeds fell from their clothes
onto the ground. Since then, dandelions have spread all over.
Most people believe that dandelions are weeds. They do not want them in their gardens. But some
people think that dandelion flowers are pretty. And others think that dandelions taste good. They
cook dandelion leaves or put them into a fresh salad. The leaves must be picked before the flowers
come out or they will not taste good. Some people make dandelion flowers into wine.
Dandelions do not die easily. If the winter is not very cold, their leaves may stay green.
When the spring arrives, their flowers come out. Each night their bright yellow flowers close
up. When the sun shines the next day, they open up again. Dandelion flowers are very unusual.
They do not have to get pollen (花粉) from another dandelion flower in order to form seeds. So
after several days, the yellow flower turns white and soft. A tiny brown seed forms at the bottom
of each white petal (花瓣). When the wind blows, the petals float away.
Each white petal carries a seed away. This lets the dandelions spread their seeds all over.
New dandelions grow where the seeds land.
31. The underlined word “weeds” means .
A. pretty flowers B. fresh vegetables C. wild plants D. green trees
32. When is the best time to pick dandelion leaves to eat?
A. After their flowers come out. B. After their flowers turn white.
C. Before their flowers come out. D. Before their flowers close up.
33. What is the best title for this passage?
A. The History of Dandelions B. Dandelions: Flowers or Food
C. The Use of Dandelions D. How to Grow Dandelions
【答案】31. C 32. C 33. B
【解析】74
【分析】
这篇短文给我们介绍的是一种植物—蒲公英，包括蒲公英的历史、人们对它的利用、它的花以及种子的形
成和传播。
【31 题详解】
词义猜测题。根据这个单词所在的句子 Most people believe that dandelions are weeds. They do not want
them in their gardens.可知，人们不想在他们的花园里种植蒲公英，因为他们认为蒲公英是 weeds，由此
我们可以推断，人们觉得蒲公英是不好的，因此这个词的意思不是美丽的花、新鲜的蔬菜或绿色的树，它
的意思是“野草”，故应选 C。
【32 题详解】
细节理解题。根据短文中 And others think that dandelions taste good. They cook dandelion leaves
or put them into a fresh salad. The leaves must be picked before the flowers come out or they
will not taste good.可知，蒲公英的叶子必须在开花之前采摘，否则味道就不好了。由此可知应选 C。
【33 题详解】
主旨大意题。这篇短文给我们介绍了蒲公英这种植物，第一段主要是蒲公英的历史；第二段讲述了人们如
何使用蒲公英；第三段讲述的这种植物的生命力顽强以及它的种子是如何形成和传播的。因此 A 和 C 两个
选项都太片面，概括不了整篇文章的内容；D 选项根本在文章中没有提到。故应选 B，“蒲公英—花还是食
物？”，这个题目体现了文章的关键词 Dandelions，比较全面。
【点睛】这是一篇科普说明文，给我们介绍了蒲公英这种植物。文章的主题非常明确，每一段的大意也比
较清楚，整体比较容易理解。后面的题目设置有词义猜测题、细节理解题和主旨大意题，题型比较丰富，
考查较为全面。第 1 小题是一个词义猜测题，往往要求我们猜测一个生词的意思，因此我们必须从文章的
上下文中寻找线索作答，把这个词放回到原文中。因此根据这个词所在的句子 Most people believe that
dandelions are weeds. They do not want them in their gardens.我们得到了这样一个信息，大多数人
呢不想在花园里种植蒲公英，可见他们对蒲公英是有偏见的，所以这个单词不会是美丽的花、新鲜的蔬菜
或是绿色的树，所以应该选 C，野生的植物，野草。
38.【2018 年江苏省苏州】Do you know what you’d like to be when you grow up? It takes most people
many years to find this out. For the young artist Alexandra Nechita, it never really seemed to
be a question. From the day she began drawing at the age of two, she was an artist.
Alexandra Nechita was born in Romania in 1985 and moved to California when she was still a baby.
As a little child, she loved colouring in her colouring books. Her parents hoped she could spend
more time playing with other children, so they took away her colouring books. Alexandra began 75
drawing her own pictures and colouring them in.
By the time Alcxandra was seven ycars old, she had begun painting with oil paints. When
Alexandra took a local art class, her teacher was amazed at the young artist’s unusual style
of painting. Alexandra’s work was similar in some ways to the paintings by famous artists like
Picasso. These artists did not use a realistic style of painting. They allowed their imaginations
to play an
important part in their work. The interesting thing was that little Alexandra had never seen the
work of these artists. People called her “Little Picasso”. This was a great honour, but
Alexandra’s style of
painting was all her own.
Alexandra’s first public show was held at a Los Angeles public library when she was
only eight years old. People were amazed at how young Alexandra was, but mostly they loved her
imaginative artwork. It did not take long for Alexandra and her work to become famous. She appeared
on television programs and in newspapers and magazines all over the world. The sale of a single
piece can earn the young artist thousands of dollars. But that is not why Alexandra creates artwork.
She just cannot imagine doing anything else that would bring her such joy and satisfaction.
Today, Alexandra is a full-time artist. She also works to help support the arts in schools.
Alexandra is a strong believer in the power of art as a tool of communication and a bridge to
building peace throughout the world.
34. When did Alexandra begin drawing pictures?76
A. At the age of eight. B. At the age of seven.
C. At the age of two. D. In the year of 1985.
35. Alexandra was called “Little Picasso” because .
A. shc learned to paint from Picasso B. her style of painting was like Picasso’s
C. she was one of Picasso’s big fans D. her style of painting was unusual
36. What can we learn from the underlined sentence in Paragraph 4?
A. Only painting can make her so happy and satisfied.
B. Only money can make her so happy and satisfied.
C. Anything can make her feel happy and satisfied.
D. Nothing can make her feel happy and satisfied.
37. According to the passage, which word can best describe Alexandra?
A. Polite. B. Generous. C. Patient. D. Creative.
【答案】34. C 35. B 36. A 37. D
【解析】
【34 题详解】
细节理解题。根据短文第一段中 From the day she began drawing at the age of two, she was an
artist.可知，Alexandra 在两岁的时候就开始画画。由此可知应选 C。
【35 题详解】
细节理解题。根据短文中 Alexandra’s work was similar in some ways to the paintings by famous artists
like Picasso. These artists did not use a realistic style of painting. They allowed their
imaginations to play an important part in their work. …People called her “Little
Picasso”.可知，Alexandra 的画画风格在某种程度上很像著名画家毕加索的，他们都不用写实的风格，而
是使用他们的想象力，因此人们把 Alexandra 称为“小毕加索”。故应选 B。
【36 题详解】
推理判断题。划线的这句话 She just cannot imagine doing anything else that would bring her such
joy and satisfaction.本意为：她只是无法想象做其他任何能给她来到如此快乐和满足的事情。有这句话77
我们可以知道，Alexandra 只有在画画中才能获得快乐和满足，故应选 A。
【37 题详解】
推理判断题。根据文意可知，Alexandra 从两岁就开始画画，八岁就举办了个人画展，而且尽管她根本就没
有见过毕加索的画，他们的画画风格却非常像，对于这样的一个人，我们应用 creative 来形容，意思是“富
有创造力的，有创造性的”，故 D 选项合适。Polite 礼貌的；Generous 慷慨的，大方的；Patient 耐心的。
这几个形容词不符合 Alexandra。
【点睛】这是一篇记叙文，给我们讲述了一个天才的画家 Alexandra，她从两岁就开始画画，八岁就举办了
个人画展，她的绘画风格与像毕加索这样的著名艺术家相似。这篇记人为主的文章，主题明确，叙事清晰，
比较容易理解。后面的题目涉及了细节理解和推理判断题，细节题考查我们对材料中某一具体事实和细节
进行正确的理解，这类题型比较简单，我们只需根据题干所问，定位到原文，找到相关信息即可作答。如
第 1 小题，题目问的是 Alexandra 什么时候开始画画，注意文章中 begandrawing 这一关键词，在短文第一
段中就可以找到答案。推理判断题往往也是基于文章事实来进行推理或者判断，如第 4 小题，这个题目要
求我们用一个词来形容 Alexandra，结合文章大意可知，Alexandra 两岁就开始画画，而且画画的风格与毕
加索相似，在画画时需要发挥想象力，在给出的四个单词中 creative 是最合适的，它的意思是“有创造性
的，富有创造力的”。
39.【2018 年内蒙古通辽市】
Name Personal information
Norman
Bethune
★Born in 1890 in Canada
★Died in 1939 in China
★A doctor
★Came to China in 1938
Celine
Dion
★Born in Montreal, Canada
★A singing star
★In 1997, sang My Heart Will Go on for the
film Titanic
Tu
Youyou
★Born in 1930 in the USA
★A Chinese medical scientist
★Won the 2015 Nobel Prize in Physiology
or Medicine
Bill Gates
★Born in 1955 in the USA
★Owns Microsoft Company
★Wrote Business @the Speed of Thought
Hemingway ★Born in 1899 in the USA ★A writer78
★Died in 1961 ★Wrote The Old Man and the Sea
根据表格内容选择最佳选项。
26. __________ is from Canada.
A. Celine Dion B. Bill Gates C. Hemingway D. Tu Youyou
27. The ______ was born in 1899.
A. scientist B. writer C. singer D. doctor
28. My Heart Will Go on is the name of a __________.
A. story B. book C. song D. film
29. Dr. Bethune worked in China for about ______ years.
A. 5 B. 4 C. 3 D. 2
30. Which of the following is TRUE?______________
A. Bill Gates was born in 1955
B. Celine Dion is a scientist
C. Hemingway wrote Business @the Speed o Thought
D. Norman Bethune died at the age of fifty-nine
【答案】26. A 27. B 28. C 29. D 30. A
【解析】
【分析】
这篇短文给我们介绍了一些名人的信息，如白求恩、席琳迪翁、屠呦呦、比尔盖茨和海明威，信息包括他
们的出生年代、国籍、职业、成就等。
【26 题详解】
细节理解题。题目问到的是谁来自加拿大，我们从表格的第二栏中寻找 Canada 这个单词，发现前两个人
Norman Bethune 和 Celine Dion 是来自加拿大的，结合选项可知应选 A。
【28 题详解】
细节理解题。根据题目中的 My Heart Will Go on 我们可以在第二个人 Celine Dion 的信息中找到，根据 In 79
1997, sang My Heart Will Go on for the film Titanic 这句话中的 sang 唱歌可知，这是一首歌的名字，故应
选 C。
【29 题详解】
细节理解题。根据题目中的人名 Norman Bethune 我们定位到表格中的第一个人，根据里面的信息 Came to
China in 1938 以及 Died in 1939 in China 可知，白求恩在中国工作了大约两年，故应选 D。
【30 题详解】
推理判断题。根据 Bill Gates 的信息 Born in 1955 in the USA 可知，比尔盖茨出生在 1955 年，这个信息是
正确的，故选 A。根据 Celine Dion 的信息中 a singing star 可知，席琳迪翁是一个歌星，不是科学家，故
B 不对；根据 Hemingway 的信息中可知，他写的是 The Old Man and the Sea，故 C 不对；根据 Norman Bethune
的信息可知，他出生在 1890 年，于 1939 年去世，去世时应该是 49 岁，故 D 不对。
【点睛】这篇短文给我们介绍了几个名人的信息，文章是利用表格的形式，信息一目了然，比较有条理，
文章的大意非常清楚、明了。后面的题目设置是细节理解和推理判断，前四个小题都是细节题，考查学生
们快速寻找信息的能力，做题时，我们可以根据题目所问，定位到原文相关地方，根据相关信息作答。例
如第 2 小题，我们可以根据题干中 born in 1899 这个年代作为关键词，在表格中查找出生在 1899 年的人，
然后再查找他的信息，就可以知道答案。第 5 小题是一个判断题，其实也是考查对细节内容的理解，做题
时，应注意每个选项的意思，把每个选项的内容都在原文查找一下，根据原文的信息用排除法作答。
40.【2018 年内蒙古通辽市】Nowadays, with the development of the Internet, emoji(表情符号)are more
and more popular among netizens(网民). Some people even feel difficult to talk online without
using emoji. Emoji help netizens to communicate with each other easily and vividly(生动地).
Yet, not all emoji are properly used on social media. So we are going to introduce some common
but confusing(令人困惑的)emoji to help you have a better understanding of these small signs.
1. A recent survey shows, over 53% people use the emoji when they are chatting online. Some
people think it means “I’m shy,” but others only use it when they are surprised or shocked.
But what does it really mean? It is still an unsolved question.
2. What do you think of this sign? Believe it or not, 80% of netizens use it under the meaning
of “It is not funny at all, but I have to smile.” Is it right? Of course not! It actually means
that “I saw what you did(usually bad things) and I want to give you a sinister(奸诈的
)smile.”80
3. People have very different opinions on this emoji. The Apple company has told that this
emoji means “high five(嗨，击掌).” But most people still use the incorrect
meaning—“pray”. Some netizens even thought, “If you see this emoji as two people give each
other a high five, you must be a bad guy.”
4. According to the official guidelines(官方指南), it is used as “smile through tears(破涕为
笑).” However, most young netizens consider this emoji as “Laugh to tears” or simply
“LOL”, which means “Laugh out loud”.
You see, emoji are also a kind of language. And different people have different understanding
of them.
31. After reading the passage, we still can’t understand the emoji ______ well.
A. B. C. D.
32. You are playing with your mobile phone while you are doing your homework, your brother sends
you this sign , what does he mean?/
A. Send this emoji back to your father
B. Stop doing your homework
C. Put away your mobile phone and do your homework
D. Go on playing with your mobile phone
33. When your friend tells you online that he won the first prize in the writing competition,
which emoji will you send him?
A. B. C. D.
34. The fourth sign means “________”.
A. laugh out loud B. cry out loud C. laugh to tears D. smile through tears
35. Why does the writer introduce these four emoji?
A. To help netizens use them properly B. To help netizens use them easily
C. Because they are more important D. Because they are not so common
【答案】31. C 32. C 33. A 34. D 35. A81
【解析】
【分析】
现在越来越多的人在网上交流的时候，都会使用一些表情符号，这使聊天变得有趣、生动。但有一些表情
符号的使用并不适当，这篇短文中就给我们介绍了几个很常见，但却令人比较困惑的表情符号。
【31 题详解】
细节理解题。根据短文第二段中 It is still an unsolved question.可知，这里提到的这个表情符号，有
的人认为它表示害羞，有的人认为它表示的是吃惊，这是一个未解决的问题。因此这里提到的表情符号还
没有很好的理解它的意思，故应选 C。
【32 题详解】
推理判断题。根据短文第三段中 It actually means that “I saw what you did(usually bad things) and
I want to give you a sinister(奸诈的)smile.”可知，这里提到的表情符号的意思是：我已经看到你做
的坏事了，给你一个奸诈的微笑。结合题意可知，你在做作业的时候玩手机已经被发现了，所以对方是警
告你，把手机放起来，赶紧写作业，故应选 C。
【33 题详解】
细节理解题。根据题意可知，你的朋友在写作比赛中得了一等奖，那么你应该给他发哪个表情符号。根据
短文第四段中 The Apple company has told that this emoji means “high five(嗨，击掌).”可知，这
个表情符号的实际意思是：嗨，击掌，是向对方表示祝贺，故应选 A。
【34 题详解】
细节理解题。根据短文第五段中 According to the official guidelines(官方指南), it is used as “smile
through tears 可知，这里介绍的这个表情符号的意思是：破涕为笑，故应选 D。A 和 C 选项是对这个表情
符号的错误理解，B 选项不符合文意。
【点睛】这篇短文给我们介绍了一些在网上聊天时使用不准确的表情符号，帮助我们更好的理解他们的意
思，短文中共介绍了四个表情符号，从第二段开始，一段一个，因此这篇短文的结构非常的清晰，是总分
总的结构，文章的主题一般会出现在首段的首句或尾句，仔细阅读我们可以发现，第一段的最后一句话就82
是文章的中心句。了解文章的大意和层次，对于我们做题是非常有用的。如做细节题的时候，我们就可以
根据题目中的关键词，如表情符号的图片，定位到原文相关地方，搜索信息作答。例如第 2 小题，题目中
是给了我们一个情景，你在做作业的时候玩手机，你的哥哥给你发了一个题目中出现的这个表情符号，问
我们这代表什么意思。做题时，我们就应该在原文找到这个表情符号，弄清楚它的意思，根据第三段中 It
actually means that “I saw what you did(usually bad things) and I want to give you a sinister(奸诈
的)smile.”可知，这个表情符号的意思是：我已经看到你做的坏事了，给你一个奸诈的微笑。所以这里它
代表的意思是：我已经知道你玩手机了，赶快把手机放好，好好写作业。所以 C 选项是符号文意的。
41.【2018 年内蒙古通辽市】A lot of people drink bottled water in the world. A water bottle offers
great convenience. It can be bought almost anywhere, carried around for a while, and then thrown
away.
The influence of bottled water on the environment, however, is very big. About 2.7 million
tons of plastic is turned into bottles which are only used once each year. This requires a lot
of oil and water. It also produces greenhouse gases. Bottled water is often carried for long
distances to reach people who buy it. This uses even more fossil fuels(化石燃料) and creates more
pollution. Although the bottles can be recycled, only small parts of them are. The United States
only recycles about 23 percent. The rest are part of a growing waste problem.
Convenience isn't the only reason for bottled water to become popular. Many people believe
that it must be cleaner and healthier than tap water from public water systems. But this is not
true. In developed countries such as the United States and some countries in Europe, laws about
safe water are often stricter for tap water than for bottled water.
It may come as a surprise that nearly 40 percent of the water bottled in the United States
starts from tap water. Before bottling, some companies filter(过滤)it, and they might add some
things for taste. What's more, bottled water can cost from 240 to 10, 000 times more than tap
water.
“Back to the tap" activities start around the world, In order to save money, use fewer
resources, and create less waste, they support using tap water and reusable bottles rather than
bottled water. San Francisco and other cities across the United States no longer allow their
government departments to buy Many bottled water companies are trying to improve, too. They have
reduced the use of plastic in their bottles.
36. What's the second paragraph mainly about?83
A. The difficulty of transporting the bottles B. The advantages of bottled water
C. The ways to produce bottled water D. The problem caused by bottled water
37. Why is bottled water popular?
A. Because people think it is the water from nature
B. Because people think it is convenient and safe
C. Because people think it is cheaper than tap water
D. Because people think it can prevent illnesses
38. The underlined word "them" in paragraph 2 means “________”.
A. fossil fuels B. the bottles C. water systems D. greenhouse gases
39. Which of the following is one of the "Back to the tap" activities?
A. Forbid producing the bottled water
B. Support using tap water and reusable bottles
C. Use many resources and create much waste
D. Use many resources and create little waste
40. What's the best title for the passage?
A. “ Back to the tap" activities B. Bottled water or tap water?
C. Let's drink healthy water. D. The water in the USA
【答案】36. D 37. B 38. B 39. B 40. B
【解析】
【分析】
这篇短文给我们介绍的是现在很多人都喜欢喝瓶装水，人们觉得他们用起来很方便，而且水也更干净。但
其实瓶装水并不比自来水更干净，而且瓶装水造成了很多的污染和浪费。因此“回到自来水”活动在全世
界开始了。
【36 题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段的内容可知，这一段的中心句是第一句话 The influence of bottled water on the
environment, however, is very big.，在这一段中作者介绍了瓶装水给环境带来的问题。由此可知应选 D
。
【37 题详解】
细节理解题。根据短文第一段中 A water bottle offers great convenience 以及第三段中 Many people
believe that it must be cleaner and healthier than tap water from public water systems.可知，84
人们喜欢瓶装水，是因为他们非常的方便，而且比自来水更干净、更健康。由此可知 B 选项是符合文意的。
故选 B。
【38 题详解】
细节理解题。根据划线的这个词所在的句子 Although the bottles can be recycled, only small parts of
them are 可知，这里说的是尽管瓶子可以回收，但只有一小部分可以回收。这里的 them 代指的是上句话中
的 the bottles，瓶子，故应选 B。
【39 题详解】
细节理解题。根据短文最后一段中 In order to save money, use fewer resources, and create less
waste, they support using tap water and reusable bottles rather than bottled water.可知，“回
到自来水”这一活动支持使用自来水、可重复使用的瓶子，而不是瓶装水。由此可知 B 选项是正确的，其
他三个选项也同时可以排除。
【40 题详解】
主旨大意题。这篇短文先从瓶装水的流行开始，然后点明了他们对环境造成的问题，最后提到了“回到自
来水”这一活动。因此 B 选项“瓶装水还是自来水？”这个问题作为题目，能够概括文章的中心，点明文
章的主旨，故选 B。A 选项太片面；C 选项没有点明文章的主题；D 选项不符合文意。
【点睛】这篇短文给我们讲述的是瓶装水现在很受人们的欢迎，但他们却给环境带来了很多的问题。因此
现在开始了一些“回到自来水”的运动。文章主题明确，逻辑性强，阅读时，要注意抓住文章的主旨，分
清文章的结构。后面的题目设置有细节理解题和主旨大意题，细节题的答案常可以在原文找到，做题时，
要根据题目所问，定位到原文相关地方，搜索有用信息作答。例如第 2 小题，题目问的是瓶装水流行的原
因，这个答案不只出现在原文的一个地方，而是两个地方，在第一段和第三段，根据这两段中的内容可知，
人们喜欢瓶装水，一个是因为他们很方面；另一个原因是他们觉得瓶装水比自来水更干净、更健康，这与 B
选项中的 convenient and safe 意思是一致的，故应选 B。
42. 【2018 年青海省西宁】You may know the English letters A, B and C. But do you know there are
people called ABCs? You may like eating bananas. But do you know there are such people with the
name of "banana persons"? Are these people from "another planet (星球)"? No. They are just Chinese
people like you and me.
ABC means American-born-Chinese. An ABC is a Chinese, but was born in the United States.
Sometimes, people call an ABC a "banana person". A banana is yellow outside and white inside.
So, a "banana person" is white inside -- thinking like a westerner and yellow outside -- looking
like a Chinese.85
Do you know why? Usually, ABCs know little about China or Chinese language. Most of them don't
speak Chinese. Also, they are not interested in Chinese politics (政治). But if ABCs can't speak
Chinese. can we still call them Chinese people? Yes, of course. They are Chinese. They are overseas
(海外的) Chinese. These people may be citizens (公民) of other countries like the US, Canada or
Singapore. But they have Chinese blood. Their parents, grandparents or even great-grandparents
were from China. They all have black eyes and black hair. But they are not Chinese citizens. They
are not people of China. For example, we all know the famous scientist C.N. Yang (杨振宁). He
got the Nobel Prize in Physics in 1957. Chinese people love him. But he is an American citizen.
26. "ABC" in this passage means "_________".
A. a kind of banana
B. three English letters
C. American-born-Chinese
D. Chinese-born-America
27. Chinese born in western countries are called "banana persons" because _________.
A. their bodies are white inside but yellow outside
B. they think like westerners but look like Chinese
C. they were born in China but go to study in America
D. they were born in America but work in China
28. The underlined word "blood" may probably mean _________ in the passage.
A. 血统
B. 洪水
C. 血样
D. 流血
29. C. N. Yang is mentioned here to show that __________.
A. American Chinese are great
B. Chinese people can win Nobel Prize
C. American Chinese aren't Chinese citizens
D. we don't like him
30. This passage mainly talks about _________.
A. Chinese86
B. the Nobel Prize
C. the story of C. N. Yang
D. the meaning of "ABC"
【答案】26. C 27. B 28. A 29. C 30. D
【解析】
【分析】
你听说过 ABC 吗？是的，他们是英语中的字母，但是他们还可以指一类人，你知道是什么吗？这篇短文中
给我们解释了 ABC 的意思。
【26 题详解】
细节理解题。根据短文第二段中 ABC means American-born-Chinese. 可知，ABC 的意思是指在美国出生的
中国人。故应选 C。
【28 题详解】
词义猜测题。根据这个划线单词所在的第三段中 These people may be citizens (公民) of other countries
like the US, Canada or Singapore. But they have Chinese blood. Their parents, grandparents or
even great-grandparents were from China. They all have black eyes and black hair.可知，ABC 这样的人
是其他国家的公民，但是他们的父母、祖父母甚至曾祖父母都是中国人，他们都有黑色的眼睛和黑色的头
发。由这些内容我们可以知道 blood 指的是血统，故应选 A。
【29 题详解】
推理判断题。根据短文的最后 For example, we all know the famous scientist C.N. Yang (杨振宁). He
got the Nobel Prize in Physics in 1957. Chinese people love him. But he is an American citizen.可知，
文章最后以杨振宁举例，告诉我们他就是一个 ABC，他在 1957 年获得了诺贝尔奖，中国人民都很喜欢他，
但是他是美国公民，不是中国公民。故应选 C。
【30 题详解】
主 旨 大 意 题 。 根 据 短 文 中 But do you know there are people called ABCs? 、 ABC means
American-born-Chinese.可知，这篇短文作者给我们介绍了 ABC 的意思，故 D 选项是符合文意的，选 D。
【点睛】这篇短文给我们解释了 ABC 的意思，它是 American-bornChinese 的缩写，指出生在美国的中国人。87
短文解释清楚，通过阅读文章，我们可以清楚的了解文意，这对我们做题是比较有利的。后面的题目设置
有细节理解、推理判断、词义猜测和主旨大意题，考查比较全面。细节题考查我们快速搜索文章中有用信
息的能力，答案往往都可以在原文找到，做题时，根据题干所问，定位到原文相关地方，搜索信息作答。
例如第 2 小题，我们用题目中的 bananaperson 作为关键词，可以定位答案在第二段，根据这一段的最后一
句话就可以知道答案。再如第 4 小题，这是一个推理题。短文的最后提到了杨振宁，是作者举例告诉我们
他就是一个 ABC，他是中国人，他获得了诺贝尔奖，但他是美国的公民，不是中国公民。故应选 C。
43.【2018 年青海省西宁】Nowadays, phone calls and messages help us get in touch with others. It
means that we seldom write letters now. But a TV show, Letters Alive (《见字如面》), is bringing
back this old habit.
Letters Alive invites famous actors and actresses, but there are no funny jokes or
competitions. It's just one person walking up to a microphone and reading a letter. The letters
were written by people from different times in history. For example, in one period, they read
a letter written by famous writer Xiao Hong to her younger brother in 1941. The letter shows that
Xiao Hong missed her brother so much and had great hopes for his future.
"Every letter opens another world for us," according to Guan Zhangwen, the director of the
TV show. "We can also touch the heart of the writers'." Since its first period on Dec. 5, Letters
Alive has been widely praised. Many audiences (观众) said that it had provided a breath of fresh
air to today's TV shows.
Besides Letters Alive, some other cultural TV shows have also been well received by Chinese
audiences. Chinese Poetry Conference is a traditional Chinese poetry competition. And Readers
invites people to read poems and articles they like or wrote. It suggests that cultural values
and true feelings are becoming our interest.
31. Letters Alive, a TV show, invites famous people to _________.
A. tell audiences jokes
B. read and share letters
C. walk up to a microphone to sing
D. take part in different competitions
32. According to the passage, which sentence is RIGHT?
A. Xiao Hong missed her brother but had no hopes for his future.
B. The heart of the writers' can be touched by reading letters.88
C. Letters Alive is not popular enough to audiences.
D. Chinese Poetry Conference invites people to read poems.
33. How many cultural TV shows are there in the passage?
A. Or.
B. Two.
C. Three.
D. Four.
34. Chinese audiences _________ these cultural TV shows.
A. like
B. dislike
C. show no interest in
D. doubt about
35. Which is the best title for the passage?
A. Phones Have Taken the Place of Letters
B. Welcome to Our Cultural TV Shows
C. Letters Make Us Communicate
D. Cultural TV Shows Are Becoming Popular
【答案】31. B 32. B 33. C 34. A 35. D
【解析】
【分析】
这篇短文主要给我们介绍了一档文化类的电视节目《见字如面》，这个节目邀请很多著名的演员来读历史
上不同年代的人们写的信。这个节目和其他的文化类节目，如《中国诗词大会》《朗读者》等，都受到了
人们的欢迎。
【31 题详解】
细节理解题。根据短文第二段中 Letters Alive invites famous actors and actresses, but there are no
funny jokes or competitions. It's just one person walking up to a microphone and reading a letter.可
知，《见字如面》这个节目邀请著名的演员，走到麦克风前面读信。由此可知应选 B。
【32 题详解】
推 理 判 断 题 。 根 据 第 三 段 中 "Every letter opens another world for us," according to Guan
Zhangwen, the director of the TV show. "We can also touch the heart of the writers'."可知，通89
过阅读信，我们可以触碰作者的内心。故 B 选项是对的。根据 The letter shows that Xiao Hong missed her
brother so much and had great hopes for his future.可知 A 不对；根据 Since its first period on Dec.
5, Letters Alive has been widely praised. 可 知 C 不 对 ； 根 据 Chinese Poetry Conference is a
traditional Chinese poetry competition.可知 D 不对。
【34 题详解】
细节理解题。根据短文最后一段中 Besides Letters Alive, some other cultural TV shows have also been
well received by Chinese audiences. Chinese Poetry Conference is a traditional Chinese poetry
competition. And Readers invites people to read poems and articles they like or wrote. It suggests
that cultural values and true feelings are becoming our interest.可知，这些文化类的节目受到了
中国观众们的欢迎，因此人们是喜欢这些节目的。故应选 A。
【35 题详解】
主旨大意题。这篇短文主要给我们介绍了一档文化类的电视节目《见字如面》，这个节目邀请很多著名的
演员来读信，和其他的文化类节目，如《中国诗词大会》《朗读者》等，都受到了人们的欢迎。因此 D 选
项的概括最符合文意，选 D。
【点睛】这篇短文给我们介绍了一些最近很受欢迎的文化类节目，如《见字如面》、《中国诗词大会》、
《朗读者》等，这些节目都受到了人们的欢迎。短文主题明确，内容贴近学生们的实际生活，比较容易理
解。后面的题目设置有细节理解、推理判断和主旨大意题。细节题往往可以在原文找到答案，而推理题则
需要根据文意进行合理的推测和判断。例如第 2 小题，这就是一个判断题，这样的题目需注意把每个选项
的意思都弄清楚，然后在文章中寻找依据进行判断。根据短文第三段中"Every letter opens another world
for us," according to Guan Zhengwen, the director of the TV show. "We can also touch the heart
of the writers'."可知，通过阅读信，我们可以触碰作者的内心。其他三个选项也都可以在短文中找到依
据判断是错误的。
44.【2018 年山东省菏泽】Although half a century has passed, Shao Guohua never forgot the film
ticket his teacher gave him that warmed his heart when he was a boy. Shao entered primary school 90
in Zigong, Sichuan Province, in 1960, Back then, sports and watching movies were the students’
favorite times.
Once, the school organized a trip to the movies for the students, and many of Shao’s classmates
signed (签约) up for it. But the boy had no money to buy the 0. 05-yuau ticket. When his classmates
lined up to enter the movie theater, the boy stood alone outside. Then Shao’s Chinese teacher
Mo Xunru saw him and bought a ticket for him.
He can’t remember what movie it was, but Shao never stopped being thankful to his teacher. “Ms.
Mo made forty or fifty yuan a month back then, so a 0.05-yuan ticket may not be a big deal for
her. But for me, it moved me deeply,” said 63-year-old Shao.
After graduating from primary school, Shao moved to another city along with his parents. In the
following years. he tried to find his former teachers and classmates, but failed. It wasn’t until
this year that Shao visited his teacher Mo Xunru after 50 years.
“The reunion (重聚) was emotional,” said Shao, who is over sixty himself now. “The 89-year
old Mo did not hear well anymore and seemed to not know me at first sight, but she was still as
kind as she used to be.” Shaoleft l,000 yuan to his teacher as well as a letter which reads:
“Dear Ms. Mo, wish you good health. Your student: Shao Guohua.”
29. Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?
A. Shao Guohua entered the primary school in 1961
B. Mo Xunru was Shao’s Chinese teacher.
C. Shao Guohua never left his hometown.
30. Why didn’t Shao Guohua enter the movie theater at first?
A. Because he didn’t like the film.
B. Because his classmates didn’t like him.
C. Because he had no money to buy the ticket.
31. When did Shao see Ms. Mo again?
A. 50 years after he graduated from primary school.
B. After he graduated from university.
C. The writer doesn’t tell us.
32. What’s the main idea of the passage?
A. Shao Guohua gave his teacher 1,000 yuan.91
B. A teacher bought a movie ticket for her student.
C. A man repaid his teacher for a movie ticket after half a century.
【答案】29. B 30. C 31. A 32. C
【解析】
短文大意：本文讲述的是邵国华为了报答莫老师当年为自己买了一张电影票而寻师 50 年，终于酬报师恩的
感人故事，教育人们要学会感恩。
【29 题详解】
题意：根据文章，下列哪一项是正确的？考查细节理解题。A. Shao Guohua entered the primary school
in 1961 邵国华于 1961 进入小学。B. Mo Xunru was Shao’s Chinese teacher. 莫迅汝是邵的语文老师。
C. Shao Guohua never left his hometown. 邵国华从未离开过家乡。根据 Then Shao’s Chinese teacher
Mo Xunru saw him and bought a ticket for him.，可知莫是邵的语文老师，故选 B。
【30 题详解】
题意：邵国华为什么一开始没进电影院？考查细节理解题。根据 But the boy had no money to buy the
0. 05-yuau ticket. When his classmates lined up to enter the movie theater, the boy stood alone
outside.，可知他没有钱买票，故选 C。
【31 题详解】
题意：邵什么时候又见到莫老师的？考查细节理解题。A. 50 years after he graduated from primary school.
小学毕业 50 年后。B. After he graduated from university.大学毕业后。C. The writer doesn’t tell
us. 作者没有告诉我们。根据 It wasn’t until this year that Shao visited his teacher Mo Xunru after
50 years. 50 年后，邵才拜访了他的老师莫迅汝，可知选 A。
【32 题详解】
题意：这篇文章的主要思想是什么？考查主旨理解题。A. Shao Guohua gave his teacher 1,000 yuan. 邵国
华给了老师 1000 元钱。B. A teacher bought a movie ticket for her student. 一位老师给她的学生买
了一张电影票。C. A man repaid his teacher for a movie ticket after half a century. 半个世纪后，
一名男子为了一张电影票而酬报他的老师。根据短文内容，可知讲述的是邵国华为了报答莫老师当年为自
己买了一张电影票而寻师 50 年终于酬报师恩的感人故事，故选 C。
45.【2018 年山东省菏泽】92
Put a frog in the water and start heating the water. As the
temperature of the water rises, the frog is able to adjust its body
temperature. The frog keeps on adjusting with the increase in
temperature.
Just when the water is about to reach the boiling point, the frog is not able to adjust anymore.
At that point the frog decides to jump out.
The frog tries to jump but is unable to do so. because it loses all its strength in
adjusting to the water temperature.
Very soon the frog dies. What kills the frog?
Many of us would say the boiling water.
But in fact, what kills the frog is its own inability to decide when it has to jump out.
We all need to adjust to people and situations, but we need to be sure when we need
to adjust and when we need to face.
There are times when we need to face the situation and take the proper action.
If we allow people to exploit us in body, mind, emotion or money, they will continue
to do so. We have to decide when to jump. Let us jump while we still have the strength! So, we
must think of danger in times of safety and always be prepared for the worst.
33. What does the underlined word “adjust” in the first paragraph mean in Chinese?
A. 整理 B. 调整 C. 整顿
34. What kills the frog?
A. The boiling water.
B. Its own ability to adjust its body temperature.
C. Its own inability to decide when it has to jump out.
35. What does the writer really want to tell us?93
A. We must think of danger in times of safety.
B. We should not put the frog in the boiling water.
C. The frog is too stupid to know how to protect itself.
【答案】33. B 34. C 35. A
【解析】
短文大意：短文讲述了“温水煮蛙 ”的故事，说明面对形势需要采取适当行动的道理，告诫人们，必须在
安全时刻考虑危险，并时刻准备应对最坏的情况，
【33 题详解】
题意：第一段划线词“adjust”在汉语中是什么意思？考查词义理解题。be able to do 有能力做某事；空
白处是动词，body temperature（体温）是其宾语。根据句意，可知体温是需要“调节”的，故选 B。
【35 题详解】
题意：作者到底想告诉我们什么？考查主旨理解题。A. We must think of danger in times of safety. 在安
全的时候我们必须考虑危险。B. We should not put the frog in the boiling water. 我们不应该把青蛙放在
开水里。C. The frog is too stupid to know how to protect itself. 青蛙太笨了，不知道如何保护自
己。根据短文内容，讲述的是“温水煮蛙 ”的故事，结合最后一句 So, we must think of danger in times
of safety and always be prepared for the worst.，可知作者在告诫人们，必须在安全时刻考虑危险，
并时刻准备应对最坏的情况，故选 A。
46.【2018 年山东省临沂】What was discovered by accident? The answer is penicillin (青霉素). It
kills germs. By killing germs, it saves lives. Suppose you are sick. You go to a doctor. She examines
you. She says you have a “staph” infection (葡萄球菌感染). She gives you some medicine. You
take it. The medicine knocks out the staph. Soon you are well. Before penicillin, this would not
happen. Staph was almost sure death.
Everyone wanted a medicine. Laboratories worked day and night. They grew the staph in small dishes.
Then they tried to kill it. Nothing worked.94
The laboratory dishes had covers on them. They kept things from falling into dishes. Molds (霉菌)
were a big worry. They are always in the air. You can’t see them. They’re too small. There are
thousands of different molds. Molds can make an experiment (实验) fail. That’s why dishes are
covered.
Dr. Alexander Fleming was working to kill the staph germ. He worked for years. One day he took
a cover off a dish. He looked inside. There was a thick growth of staph germ. There was also some
mold. Then he saw something strange. Where the mold was, there was no growth of staph. This is
what Fleming probably thought. “By accident, I found a mold to kill the dreaded staph.”
This is how penicillin was found. But here’s the real miracle (奇迹). There are thousands of
kinds of molds. But only one kind can kill staph. The mold must have fallen into the dish a few
days before. The cover was probably off only a few seconds (秒). In those few seconds the right
mold fell into the right dish. Another man might have thrown the dish away. But Fleming was very
careful and smart. He understood what the mold did. How lucky the humans were!
根据短文内容，选择最佳答案
21. During the experiments to find a medicine for staph infections, ________.
A. the dishes were not covered
B. staph and mold were put together
C. mold was kept in small dishes
D. staph was grown in small dishes
22. The word “ dreaded” means “_______”.
A. famous B. scary
C. health D. endangered
23. The last paragraph suggests that _______.
A. accidents happen to everyone
B. the careful person does not have accidents
C. the careless person will miss valuable chances
D. luck is enough when doing scientific experiments
24. Most of this passage is written by ______.
A. telling an unusual story B. showing the results of experiments
C. offering some reasons D. giving some advice95
25. This passage is mainly about ______.
A. medicine for a staph infection B. useful accidents
C. Dr. Fleming’s research D. discovering penicillin
【答案】21. D 22. B 23. C 24. B 25. D
【解析】
【分析】
短文大意：本文介绍了青霉素在实验室的意外发现以及主要用途。
【21 题详解】
题意：在寻找葡萄球菌感染的药物的实验中， 。考查细节理解题。A. the dishes were not covered
盘子没有被覆盖。B. staph and mold were put together 把葡萄球菌和霉菌放在一起。C. mold was kept
in small dishes 模具放在小碟子里。D. staph was grown in small dishes 葡萄种在小碟子里。根据第二段
第三句 They grew the staph in small dishes.可知，在实验的过程中，青霉素是在密封的盘子里生长的。
故选 D。
【22 题详解】
题意：“dreaded”这个词的意思是 。考查词义猜测题。根据第一段 You go to a doctor. She examines
you. She says you have a “staph” infection，葡萄球菌能让人生病，可知它是“可怕的”，故选 B。
【23 题详解】
题意：最后一段暗示了 。考查推理判断题。根据最后一段中 There are thousands of kinds of
molds. But only one kind can kill staph.，有数以万计的霉菌，但只有一个能杀死葡萄球菌，可知只有细
心的人才能发现霉菌杀死葡萄球菌，粗心的人是得不到有价值的东西的，故选 C。
【24 题详解】
题意：这篇文章的大部分都是通过 撰写的。考查综合理解题。根据短文内容，整篇文章都是通过实
验介绍青霉素和霉菌是怎样被发现的，故选 B。
【25 题详解】
题意：这篇文章主要是关于 的。考查主旨大意题。A. medicine for a staph infection 用于葡萄球
菌感染的药物；B. useful accidents 有用的事故；C. Dr. Fleming’s research Fleming 博士的研究；
D. discovering penicillin 发现青霉素。通读全文，本文介绍了青霉素在实验室的意外发现以及主要用途，
故选 D。
【点睛】对于阅读理解题，首先要粗读文章了解大意，其次通过细读，理解全文。在粗读的基础上，仔细
阅读题后所给的题目，根据题目要求，再有重点地返回来仔细阅读。在阅读理解的题目中，所设问题主要96
有以下几种方式：找主题或概括文章的中心思想、就文中的具体事实和情节进行提问、根据文章的表层意
思进行深层次的推理判断等，在细读时，要根据设问的方式，进行有侧重地阅读。1、概括文章中心思想。
1)文首呈现主题句。2)文尾出现主题句。3)首尾呼应展现主题。4)文中表述主题。前面提出问题，文中的
主题由随之陈述的细节或合乎逻辑的引申在文中导出，而后再做进一步的解释。5)文章没有主题句。在这
种情况下，考生要把所有的细节综合起来。进行逻辑推理，概括归纳出文章的主题句。2.掌握文章的具体
事实和重要情节。在考题中，经常会见到就文章中某一具体事实和重要情节进行测试的题目。这就要求考
生在阅读时要注意辨认和记忆具体事实，重要情节，事物的起因、过程、结果及发生的地点、时间等，这
些都有可能作为测试点。还有一些测试题，要求考生在理解的基础上，通过自己的思维将理解的内容系统
化，比如计算、排序等题型。
47.【2018 年云南省昆明】Thirteen-year-old Cindy had been bullied(欺凌) at school for about two
years. Her bag, keys and mobile phone had been stolen. She had also been knocked off her bicycle,
kicked and punched(以拳重击).
Cindy tried to fight back, but it always seemed to be her, not the bullies, who got into trouble.
She became so afraid of going to school that she started to be absent from her classes.
Finally, her headmaster set up a special plan, asking students to look after one another. He gave
Cindy the courage to play the guitar in a school concert, Which gave Cindy new confidence and
helped her respect from the other students. Gradually, the bullying began to stop.
Cindy’s story is not uncommon, but help is always there. All students in the UK now have to follow
strict bullying policies(政策). There are many charities and organizations giving support to young
people, such as BullyingUK and Childine. So remember one very important piece of advice: If you
are being bullied, don’t put up with it – tell someone.
31. How old was Cindy when she was first bullied?
A. About 7 years old. B. About 9 years old.
C. About 11 years old. D. About 13 years old.
32. Why was Cindy absent from her classes?
A. Because she couldn’t deal with her trouble
B. Because she was afraid of her teachers.
C. Because she liked playing.
D. Because she had to work.
33. How did Cindy receive respect?97
A. By fighting back. B. By setting up a special plan.
C. By playing the guitar in a school concert. D. By asking an organization for help.
34. The underlined phrase "put up with" in the last paragraph mean "_________" .
A. stand B. refuse C. notice D. miss
35. What is the best title for the passage?
A. Disadvantages of bullying B. Bullying policies
C. Leave bullying alone D. Say no to bullying
【答案】31. C 32. A 33. C 34. A 35. D
【解析】
这篇文章引述了一名叫辛迪的学生被欺凌的遭遇，最后在校长的帮助下她重拾了同学的尊重，重获了自信
心，作者的目的是想表达如果要是遭遇欺凌，就要勇敢说“不”。
【32 题详解】
句意：为什么辛迪缺席上课？A.因为她无法解决她的麻烦 B.因为她害怕她的老师 C.因为她喜欢玩 D.因为她
必须工作。原文“She became so afraid of going to school that she started to be absent from her
classes. ”（她变得害怕上学，以至于她开始缺课。），说明她缺课的原因是害怕在学校被欺凌，也就是
她被欺凌这件事没有得到解决，她仍然还有麻烦，故选 A。
【33 题详解】
句意：辛迪是如何受到尊重的？A.通过反击。B.通过制定一项特别计划。C.在学校音乐会上弹吉他。D.通
过向组织寻求帮助。原文“He gave Cindy the courage to play the guitar in a school concert, Which
gave Cindy new confidence and helped her respect from the other students.”（他给了辛迪在学校
音乐会上弹吉他的勇气，这让辛迪有了新的信心并得到了其他学生的尊重。）说明她受到尊重的方式是在
学校音乐会上弹吉他，故选 C。
【34 题详解】
句意：在最后一段中加下划线的短语“put up with”的意思是“忍受”。A.忍受 B.拒绝 C.注意到 D.想念。
原文“If you are being bullied…”意为“如果你被欺凌了…”，后面的建议是“tell someone”（告诉某
人），说明如果被欺凌就不要忍受，猜测短语 put up with 的意思就是“忍受”，stand 有“忍耐，忍受”98
的意思，故选 A。
【35 题详解】
句意：这篇文章的最佳标题是什么？A.欺凌的弊端 B.欺凌政策 C.不管欺凌 D.对欺凌说拒绝。这篇文章引述
了一名叫辛迪的学生被欺凌的遭遇，最后在校长的帮助下重拾了同学的尊重，再结合末段的建议，说明如
果遭遇欺凌，就要勇敢说“不”，故标题可以是“对欺凌说拒绝”，选 D。
48.【2018 年云南省昆明】Working as a vet (兽医), I met a family who taught me an unforgettable
lesson. They came to my clinic with their dying dog Coco. I examined Coco and found he was old
and had a serious illness. I told the family we couldn’t do anything for Coco, and euthanasia
(安乐死) would be best for the dog.
On that day, they little boy Eric seemed so calm , petting the old dog for the last time, that
I wondered if Eric understood what was going on.
The little boy seemed to accept Coco’s death without any difficulty. We sat together for a while
after Coco's death, explaining that animal lives are shorter than human lives.
Eric, who had been listening quietly, piped up: "I know why."
He said, "People need a lifetime to learn how to live a good life—like loving everybody and being
nice, right?" The six-year-old continued, "Well, animals already know how to do that, so they
don't have to stay as long."
I’d never heard a more soft-hearted explanation as to why animal lives are so short. It has changed
the way I live. I see everyday as the day that my life could be easily taken away, so I try to
live my life to the fullest.
36. What was the matter with Coco?.
A. She had a stomachache. B. She had a headache.
C. She was old and dying. D. She was hurt by her friend.
37. Which of the following would be best for Coco in the clinic?
A. Some delicious food.
B. Euthanasia.
C. A good friend.
D. An interesting toy.
38. Why Was Eric so calm while petting the dog for the last time?
A. Because he didn’t know what was going on.99
B. Because he didn’t know how to face Coco’s death.
C. Because he had another dog.
D. Because he accepted Coco’s death.
39. How can we understand Eric’s words?.
A. He thought people already knew how to love others all the time and be nice.
B. He thought dogs already knew how to love others all the time and be nice.
C. He didn’t think people knew how to love dogs.
D. He didn’t think dog knew how to love people.
40. According to the passage, we can infer that ______.
A. the vet didn’t do anything for Coco
B. the vet makes an effort to live a life
C. the vet has lived a fullest life
D. the vet will keep more dogs
【答案】36. C 37. B 38. D 39. B 40. C
【解析】
本文讲了一位兽医为一只名为 Coco 的小狗进行安乐死的事情，期间小男孩 Eric 的对待小狗死亡这件事的
态度，和他的话让兽医内心很有触动，决定把生命中每一天都过得十分充实。
【36 题详解】
句意：Coco 怎么了？A.她胃疼 B.她头疼 C.她老了，奄奄一息了。D.她被她的朋友伤害了。原文“I examined
Coco and found he was old and had a serious illness.”（我检查了 Coco，发现它已经老了，患了严
重疾病。）说明 Coco 的问题是“老了，奄奄一息了”，故选 C。
【37 题详解】
句意：在诊所里，以下哪一项最适合 Coco？A.一些美味的食物。B.安乐死。C.一个好朋友。D.一个有趣的
玩具。原文“I told the family we couldn’t do anything for Coco, and euthanasia (安乐死) would
be best for the dog.”（我告诉这家人我们无法为 Coco 做任何事情，而安乐死对于狗来说是最好的。）
说明在诊所里最适合 Coco 的就是安乐死了，故选 B。
【38 题详解】
句意：为什么 Eric 最后一次抚摸狗时如此平静？A.因为他不知道将要发生什么事。B.因为他不知道如何面
对 Coco 的死。C.因为他有另一只狗。D.因为他接受了 Coco 的死。原文“The little boy seemed to accept
Coco’s death without any difficulty.”（这个小男孩似乎毫无困难地接受了 Coco 的死。）说明 Eric 的100
淡定是因为接受了 Coco 的死，故选 D。
【40 题详解】
句意：根据这篇文章，我们可以推断兽医过着最充实的生活。A.兽医对 Coco 没有做任何事情 B.兽医努力过
一种生活 C.兽医过着最充实的生活 D.兽医会养更多的狗。原文“I see everyday as the day that my life
could be easily taken away, so I try to live my life to the fullest.”（我把每天都看成是我的生命很容
易被带走的那一天，所以我努力让自己的生活到最充实。），由此推测兽医是一个极度热爱生活，可能过
着非常充实的生活，故选 C。
微信/支付宝扫码支付