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A
Known as “The Man with the Golden Arm”，nearly every week for the past 60 years，James Harrison has donated blood plasma(血浆) from his right arm. The reasons can date back to a serious medical procedure.
“When I was 14，I had a chest operation，”recalls Harrison，who is now aged 80.“My father said I had received 13 units of blood and my life had been saved by unknown people. So I said when I’m old enough，I’ll become a blood donor.”
Soon after Harrison became a donor，doctors called him in. His blood，they said，could be the answer to a deadly problem.
“In Australia，up until about 1967，there were about thousands of babies dying each year because of the rhesus disease(恒河猴溶血病)，”explains Jemma Falkenmire，of the Australian Red Cross Blood Service.
Harrison was discovered to have an unusual antibody(抗体)in his blood and in the 1960s he worked with doctors to use the antibodies to develop an injection(注射)called AntiD which can prevent this disease.
Harrison’s blood is precious. Every batch of AntiD that has ever been made in Australia has come from Harrison’s blood. He and AntiD are credited with saving the lives of more than 2 million babies，according to the Australian Red Cross Blood Service：That’s about 2 million lives saved by one man’s blood.
Harrison is considered a national hero，and has won numerous awards. He has now donated his plasma more than 1，000 times，but no matter how many times he’s given blood there’s one thing that will never change：“I look at the ceiling or the nurses，maybe talk to them a bit, but never once have I watched the needle go in my arm. I can’t stand the sight of blood，and I can’t stand pain，”he says.
【解题导语】 本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了James Harrison用自己的血液挽救了超过两百万名婴儿生命的故事。
1．What was the main reason for Harrison’s becoming a blood donor?
A．He has a golden arm.
B．He has precious blood plasma.
C．His father encouraged him to help others.
D．Donated blood once made him survive.
D 解析：细节理解题。根据第二段的“My father said I had received 13 units of blood and my life had been saved by unknown people. So I said when I’m old enough，I’ll become a blood donor.”可知，Harrison知道他的生命是被不相识的人救的，所以长大后要做一个献血者。故D项正确。
2．Why is James’ blood precious?
A．James has the AntiD in his blood.
B．His blood is more useful in treating the rhesus disease.
C．James’ blood is the main source of AntiD in Australia.
D．James has donated more plasma than other donators.
C 解析：细节理解题。根据第六段第一、二句可知，
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Harrison的血液宝贵的原因是他的血液是澳大利亚AntiD的主要来源，故C项正确。
3．How does Harrison feel when donating his plasma?
A．Nervous. B．Relaxed.
C．Anxious. D．Excited.
A 解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“I look at the ceiling or the nurses，maybe talk to them a bit, but never once have I watched the needle go in my arm.”可知，在献血时他看着天花板或者护士，也许跟护士聊一聊，但从来不看针扎进手臂。据此可以判断，他在献血时很紧张，故A项正确。
B
Before I studied psychology，I used to think that people would laugh when funny things occurred.While I was right about that，I discovered there are lots of other psychological factors that make people laugh other than the funny part of a joke.When someone laughs at a joke，there will usually be more than one reason that makes him laugh—and the more reasons there are，the more powerful the joke will be.
I was attending a standup comedy show in Egypt，and when the man started to make fun of pedestrians crossing streets，everyone laughed their heads off.The main reason why those people strongly laughed was that almost all of them felt angry towards pedestrians who crossed streets carelessly.The joke wasn’t only funny，but it also made the audience feel that they were right about being angry at those pedestrians. That is, people were laughing both because of the funny joke and because of the happiness experienced as a result of the psychological support they got.
The better a joke makes a person feel，and the more it includes other psychological factors，the more the person will like it.For example，if you envy one of your friends，and someone tells a joke that is funny and，at the same time，makes your friend seem stupid，then you will probably laugh at it louder than if you weren’t jealous of him.
In short，we don’t laugh only when we hear something funny; we also laugh when we experience some kind of happiness that results from the other psychological factors involved in the joke.I strongly discourage you from making fun of anyone or belittling someone to make someone else laugh.All I want to explain is that if your joke supports a person’s emotions，he will certainly like it a lot.
【解题导语】 本文主要分析了人们笑的原因。
4．What did the author find out after studying psychology?
A．Only good jokes make people laugh.
B．Many factors lead to people’s laughing.
C．Funny things can make people laugh.
D．Laughter can make people healthy.
B 解析：细节理解题。根据第一段第二句可知，作者在学了心理学之后发现，笑不仅仅是因为事情好笑，还有很多其他的心理因素的促成和影响，故选B。
5．Why did the audience laugh loud at the pedestrians?
A．They played a trick on the pedestrians.
B．The pedestrians behaved in a funny way.
C．They could feel the pedestrians’ happiness.
D．Their emotion was approved of by the show.
D 解析：推理判断题。根据第二段最后一句可推知，
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人们对行人的行为大笑的原因是他们在心理上产生了共鸣，故选D。
6．What does the underlined word“belittling”probably mean?
A．Annoy. B．Blame.
C．Look down on. D．Make up to.
C 解析：词义猜测题。根据最后一段倒数第二句可推知，动词belittle 和短语make fun of是近义词，结合选项可知，应选C。annoy“使恼怒”；blame“责怪”；look down on“蔑视，瞧不起”；make up to “接近，奉承，补足”。
7．Which of the following best shows the structure of the passage?
B 解析：推理判断题。结合全文可知，第一段导入话题；第二、三段通过具体事例进行分析；根据文章最后一段的开头“In short”可知，最后一段属于总结。由此可知，本文属于总——分——总的结构，符合本文结构的图表是B选项。
完形填空
(2018·浙江名校高三联考)My mother was a responsible teacher and she retired.So I decided to give her one of my old computers to help her pass the time.She had a little bit of computer__1__，so I just set it up for her and let her__2__with it on her own.
As time went on，I__3__the computer was hardly touched.She said she didn’t know__4__to use it.I decided to teach her.I sat and__5__everything and she seemed OK with what I said.Unfortunately，my sister called me at that moment__6__we talked on the phone for an hour.Then when I saw her again，she was sitting in front of the computer，looking quite__7__．The screen saver(屏幕保护程序) had appeared and she didn’t know how to__8__it off.She had tried__9__every key and it didn’t work.I told her，“Just__10__the mouse a little.”What I meant was that she just needed to move the mouse around to__11__the computer up.What she did was to__12__the mouse and start shaking it around in midair until the__13__went completely black.I couldn’t help laughing because of her funny__14__．The more I laughed the__15__she got.
She thought that I was a(n)__16__teacher and she decided to figure the thing out herself.Well，at least I helped her overcome her__17__of breaking something and encouraged her to__18__a little.
About a week later，I found a homemade__19__ card with a mouse on the front making a funny face__20__to my door.It said，“Thanks for the computer lessons.Love，Mom.”
【解题导语】 该文主要讲述了作者教退休的母亲玩电脑的有趣故事。
1．A.theory B．knowledge
C．technology D．history
B 解析：根据下文中的“She said she didn’t know______to use it.I decided to teach her.”可推知，作者的母亲对电脑所知甚少，此处指电脑知识(knowledge)。
2．A.watch B．train
C．play D．see
C 解析：根据上文中的“So I decided to give her one of my old computers to help her pass the time.”可知，作者给母亲一台自己的旧电脑是让退休的母亲自己玩。play with...“玩……”。
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3．A.found B．heard
C．thought D．ignored
A 解析：随着时间的推移，作者发现(found)电脑几乎没被碰过。
4．A.why B．when
C．how D．where
C 解析：根据下文中的“I decided to teach her.”可推知，母亲并不知道怎么(how)使用电脑，于是作者决定教她。
5．A.learned B．described
C．explained D．discussed
C 解析：根据空处前一句“I decided to teach her.”和空后的“and she seemed OK with what I said”可推知，作者给母亲讲解(explained)了相关的电脑知识。
6．A.and B．but
C．because D．since
A 解析：根据语境可知，空处应填连词and，表示“然后，接着”。
7．A.amusing B．relaxed
C．interesting D．discouraged
D 解析：结合语境可推知，母亲不会玩电脑，感到很泄气(discouraged)。
8．A.get B．break
C．cut D．turn
D 解析：根据空前的“The screen saver(屏幕保护程序) had appeared”及常识可推知，电脑出现屏幕保护程序，母亲不知道怎么把它关掉。turn off“关掉”。
9．A.hitting B．feeling
C．changing D．removing
A 解析：根据空后的“and it didn’t work”可推知，母亲因为不懂得怎么关掉屏幕保护程序，于是就按(hitting)了每一个键。
10．A.hang B．shake
C．rub D．push
B 解析：根据语境可推知，作者教母亲稍微晃动(shake)鼠标即可。下文中的“start shaking it”也是提示。
11．A.clean B．wake
C．bring D．take
B 解析：根据语境可推知，作者是让母亲移动鼠标，唤醒电脑。wake up“唤醒”，符合语境。
12．A.put up B．cut off
C．pick up D．put away
C 解析：根据空后的“start shaking it around in midair”可推知，母亲听了作者的话就把鼠标拿起来(pick up)，在空中摇晃。
13．A.screen B．curtain
C．cover D．window
A 解析：根据语境可推知，母亲不会玩电脑，拿着鼠标乱晃，结果电脑屏幕(screen)全黑了。
14．A.adjustment B．imitation
C．expression D．action
D 解析：根据语境可知，作者被母亲搞笑的行为(action)给逗乐了。
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15．A.ruder B．happier
C．angrier D．better
C 解析：根据语境可知，作者越笑，母亲越生气(angrier)。
16．A.impatient B．humorous
C．careful D．helpful
A 解析：根据空后的“she decided to figure the thing out herself”可推知，母亲对作者教自己玩电脑这件事很有看法，认为作者是一位没有耐心(impatient)的老师。
17．A.sadness B．pressure
C．fear D．depression
C 解析：根据语境可推知，作者帮助母亲走出了害怕(fear)损坏东西的阴影，鼓励母亲再尝试一下。
18．A.reply B．observe
C．answer D．experiment
D 解析：参见上题解析。experiment“尝试”，符合语境。
19．A.inviting B．greeting
C．shopping D．birthday
B 解析：根据语境可知，母亲自己制作了一张贺卡(greeting card)，对作者表示感谢。
20．A.appeared B．stuck
C．combined D．printed
B 解析：根据语境可知，此处指卡片贴在了作者的门上。stick to...意为“粘/贴在……”。
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