衡阳市八中2019届高三第四次月考试题
英 语
命题人：周玉艳 审题人：贺正财
请注意：时量120分钟 满分 150分
第一部分 听力 (共两节，满分30分)
做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题纸上。
第一节(共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. Who might Sam be?
A.A chicken． B. A cat． C. A bird．
2. What did the woman do last night?
A. She stayed at home． B. She went to a party． C. She saw a doctor．
3. Where are the speakers?
A. At a party． B. In a store． C. In their new house．
4. What does the woman mean?
A. H er sister loves villages．B. Tom makes a mistake． C. She likes her sister．
5. What are the speakers mainly talking about?
A. A picture． B. A holiday． C. A sport．
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6. What happened to the man?
A. He broke a machine．
B. He failed to ask the shop owner for help．
C. He couldn’t get the change back from the machine．
7. What does the woman suggest the man do?
A. Call the police． B. Rock the machine． C. Call the number on the machine．
听第7段材料，回答第8至9题。
8. Why is the man’s blue shirt no longer suitable for him?
A. He’s put on much weight． B. He thinks it’s too old． C. He’s grown taller．
9. What does the woman think of the man?
A. Lucky． B. Busy． C. Lazy．
听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。
10. How many showers has the man already taken today?
A. One． B. Two． C. Three．
11. What does the woman suggest the man do?
A. He should clean up the bathroom．
B. He should sweep the house．
C. He should take a quick shower．
12. What did Michael tell the woman?
A. Water supply in cities is endless．
B. Water shortages happen everywhere．
C. It’s no good taking more than one shower a day．
听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。
13. Why does the woman come to Manchester?
A. To watch a concert． B. To visit a friend． C. To give a performance．
14. How did the woman feel when she first sang in public?
A. Nervous． B. Happy． C. Disappointed．
15. When will the woman go to clubs?
A. Tomorrow． B. This evening． C. This weekend．
16. Who is Dean?
A. The woman’s boyfriend． B. A club owner． C. A newspaper reporter．
听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。
17. What does Carl think of his music life?
A. Interesting but busy． B. Helpful but boring． C. Worthwhile but tiring．
18. What is Carl’s problem at the moment?
A. Finding it hard to succeed．
B. Being tired of working early．
C. Lacking time to write songs．
19. Why would Carl go to a quiet place?
A. To be free from his work．
B. To locus on his songwriting．
C. To gain some life experience．
20. How would Carl probably enjoy himself if he had no work to do?
A. By going shopping． B. By talking with friends． C. By traveling around the world．
第二部分 阅读理解 (共两节，满分35分)
第一节 (共15小题；每小题2 分，满分30分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题纸上将该项涂黑。
A
The Costa Book Awards consistently pick winners that are both of the moment and subsequently endure. It’s our pleasure to confirm this year’s Category Winners.
First Novel Award Winner
Book: Eleanor Oliphant is Completely Fine
Author: Gail Honeyman
Eleanor is 31 years old; work finishes on a Friday and begins again on a Monday. Between, her only company will be two bottles of vodka and her own solitary, unique wit (机智) . It is contentment, of a kind, but an unexpected shared experience suddenly opens the door to possibility. Challenging reader expectations with a living, breathing character, Gail Honeyman’s debut is a
funny and moving diamond.
Biography Award Winner
Book: In the Days of Rain
Author: Rebecca Stott
The Exclusive Brethren were a closed community who believed the world is ruled by Satan. Into this is born Rebecca. Her father had been an influential Brethren Minister. As her father lay dying, he begged her to help him write the memoir. He wanted to tell the story of their family who for generations had all been members of a fundamentalist Christian sect.
Poetry Award Winner
Book: Insider the Wave
Author: Helen Dunmore
To be alive is to be inside the wave, always travelling until it breaks and is gone. These poems are concerned with the borderline between the living and the dead ----- and the acutely intense being of both.
Children’s Award Winner
Book: The Explorer
Author: Katherine Rundell, Hannah Horn
Four children survive their aircraft plunging into the Amazon jungle, but for Fred and his friends it’s only the beginning of a cruel battle for survival. Brimming with adventure and a real command of character and incident, Rundell has few peers in superb children’s fiction.
21. What kind of life does Eleanor lead?
A. Funny and touching. B. Ordinary and happy.
C. Exciting and complex. D. Boring and lonely.
22. Why did Rebecca Scott write In the Days of Rain?
A. To pass on her family traditions.
B. To share the life of fundamentalist Christians.
C. To help her father fulfill his last wish.
D. To introduce beliefs of the Exclusive Brethren.
23. For a young adventurous soul, which book seems more appealing?
A. The Explorer. B. Insider the Wave.
C. In the Days of Rain. D. Eleanor Oliphant is Completely Fine .
B
The bristlecone pine is the longest-living thing on the earth.These trees，with their strangely-shaped，wind-beaten limbs(枝干)，can live up to 5 000 years．But experts worry that a warming climate in some areas may threaten its future．
Researchers say warmer weather is permitting a similar kind of tree，the limber pine，to take over good growing places from the ancient bristlecone．They say the tree is being crowded out of mountainous areas where it grows.
“The bristlecone pine is the oldest individually growing organism，”researchers say．They grow in high mountain forests in eastern California，Nevada and Utah． In those mountains，the trees face high winds and extreme temperatures，which leave them with twisted limbs and shapes．“Even in such tough conditions，”Brian Smithers，a researcher at the University of California，said，“the
limber pine is taking all the good spots．”
The limber pine is the bristlecone’s distant relative and competitor．It can also live a long time—up to 2 000 years．And it is usually found at lower altitudes，where temperatures are warmer．However，according to a three-year study which centered on trees that have started growing in the last 50 years in California’s White Mountains，most of the trees growing at higher altitudes were limber pines．
Scientists compared the competing species to two o1d men in a very slow race up a mountainside．This race between such slow-growing trees takes thousands of years．They say climate change is causing the competition．
Smithers said the bristlecone pines are not in danger of disappearing．But he assumes they could be crowded out of some places where they have grown for thousands of years．
The researchers say the findings show how climate change can affect the two kinds of trees． The information，they say，can help scientists understand more complex forests．
24. What’s the function of Paragraph 1?
A. To introduce a topic． B. To summarize the whole passage．
C. To describe the appearance of a tree． D. To praise the hard work of the experts．
25. What does the underlined sentence in Paragraph 2 mean?
A. There will be older trees sent out of those mountains．
B. There will be more places covered with bristlecone pines．
C. There will be better limber pines replacing the ancient ones．
D. There will be fewer bristlecone pines growing in those areas．
26. According to the passage，the reason why limber pines can grow at higher altitudes is_________．
A. the high winds B. the difficult conditions
C. the changing climate D. the extreme temperatures
27. What is the researchers’ attitude towards the future of the bristlecone pine?
A. Positive． B. Concerned． C. Enthusiastic． D. Indifferent．
C
I start every summer with the best of intentions: to attack one big book from the past, a classic that I was supposed to have read when young and ambitious. Often the pairings of books and settings have been purely accidental: “Moby Dick” on a three-day cross-country train trip; “The Magic Mountain” in a New England beachside cottage with no locks on the doors, no telephones or televisions in the rooms, and little to do beyond row on the salt pond. Attempting “The Man Without Qualities” on a return to Hawaii, my native state, however, was less fruitful: I made it through one and a quarter volumes (册), then decided that I’d got the point and went swimming instead.
But this summer I find myself at a loss. I’m not quite interested in Balzac, say, or “Tristram Shandy.” There’s always “War and Peace,” which I’ve covered some distance several times, only to get bogged down in the “War” part, set it aside for a while, and realize that I have to start over from the beginning again, having forgotten everyone’s name and social rank. How appealing to simply fall back on a favorite — once more into “The Waves” or “Justine,” which feels almost like cheating, too exciting and too much fun to properly belong in serious literature.
And then there’s Stendhal’s “The Red and the Black,” which happens to be the name of my favorite cocktail (鸡尾酒) of the summer, created by Michael Cecconi at Savoy and Back Forty. It is easy to drink, and knocking back three or four seems like such a delightful idea. Cecconi’s theory: “I take whatever’s fresh at the greenmarket and turn it into liquid.” The result is a pure shot of
afternoon in the park, making one feel cheerful and peaceful all at once, lying on uncut grass with eyes shut, sun beating through the lids...
28. What can we infer about the author from the first paragraph?
A. He shows talents for literature. B. He admires a lot of great writers.
C. He has a cottage in New England. D. He enjoys reading when traveling.
29. What do the underlined words “get bogged down” in paragraph 2 mean?
A. Be interrupted. B. Make no progress.
C. Get confused. D. Be carried away.
30. Why does the author say reading his favorite books feels like cheating?
A. He barely understands them. B. He finishes them quickly.
C. He has read them many times before. D. He should read something serious.
31. What can be a suitable title for the text?
A. To Read or Not to Read B. The Books of Summer
C. It’s Never Too Late to Read D. My Summer Holidays
D
It is quite apparent that competition surrounds every aspect of human life whether in the United States or the Amazon rainforest. Without it we would not have grown into primates (灵长类动物) . Or we would probably still be struggling to sharpen a bronze tool while crawling around on four legs in search of meat. Without competition, Columbus wouldn’t have dicovered America and Edison would never have invented the light bulb.
Friendship, like all relationships between two people, involves competition. It isn’t competition in a traditional sense because there are no goals to be scored and no prize. Perhaps the ecological defintion --- the simultaneous (同时) demand by two or more organisms for limited environmental resources, such as nutrinents, living space, or light --- better explains it.
As in nature, high school life is governed by a set of laws, similar to a shortened version of Darwin’s theory of evolution, overpopulation, and competition. There is an abundance of high school students and to distinguish them, ranking and categorizing (分类) take place. In high school, friendships learn to coexist with competition even though at times the relationship is rough. In fact, in some circumstance, competition is too much of a burden for a friendship to bear, causing it to fall apart. College admission is the final high school objective. Four years of hard work is to achieve good grades, and a student’s fate is determined not only by these achievements, but by the records of thousands of other seniors trying to achieve a similar recognition.
Nevertheless, by necessity, competition between students exists in all aspects of high school life. It sets and improves the standards in everything from sports to schoolwork. A healthy, friendly competition can have only benefits, but when it becomes too fierce, jealousy (妒忌) can tear friendships apart. Yet, despite all this, without competition, we would be lost.
32. What does the ecological definition mainly explain?
A. How to win the competition. B. What competition exactly is.
C. What the result of competition is. D. How friends compete with each other.
33. According to the writer, what causes the high school students to compete?
A. They know the laws of nature well. B. Friendship is a burden for them.
C. The number of them is too large. D. They are divided into different groups.
34. Which best describes the relationship of friendship and competition?
A. Friendship is always based on competition.
B. Competition is a result of lost friendship.
C. C ompetition is terribly harmful to friendships.
D. The degree of competition is vital to friendship.
35. What does the author think of “competition”?
A. Competition is certain to happen at school.
B. The result of competition are out of control.
C. Competition becomes fierces in high school.
D. Friendship is not as important as competition at school.
第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分I0分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
The Science of Risk-Seeking
Sometimes we decide that a little unncessary danger is worth it because when we weigh the risk and the reward, the risk seems worth tasking. 36 Some of us enjoy activities that would surprise and scare the rest of us. Why? Experts say if may have to do with how our brains work.
The reason why any of us take any risks at all might have to do with early humans. Risk-takers were better at hunting, fighting, or exploring. 37 As the quality of Risk-taking was passed from one generation to the next, humans ended up with a sense of adventure and a tolerance for risk.
So why aren’t we all jumping out of airplanes then? Well, even 200,000 years ago, too much risk-taking could get one killed. A few daring survived, though, along with a few stay-in-the-cave types. As a result, humans developed a range of character types that still exists today. So maybe you love car racing, or maybe you hate it. 38
No matter where you are on the risk-seeking range, scientists say that your willingness to take risks increases during your teenage years. 39 To help you do that, your brain increases your hunger for new experiences. New experiences often mean taking some risks, so your brain raises your tolerance for risk as well.
40 For the risk-seekers a part of the brain related to pleasure becomes active, while for the rest of us, a part of the brain related to fear becomes active.
As experts continue to study the science of risk-seeking, we’ll continue to hit the mountains, the waves or the shallow end of the pool.
A. Those are the risks you should jump to take.
B. Being better at those things meant a greater chance of survival.
C. It all depends on your character.
D. This is when you start to move away from your family and into the bigger world.
E. Thus, these well-equipped people survived because they were the fittest.
F. New brain research suggests our brains work differently when we face a nervous situation.
G. However, we are not all using the same reference standard to weigh risks and rewards.
第三部分 语言运用(共两节，满分45分)
第一节 (共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题纸上将该项涂黑。
I had a student today who got his finger stuck inside a test tube in science class. It was really quite stuck. This young man’s finger 41 to get whiter and whiter right before my eyes.
Remaining 42 , I suggested he carefully rotate (转动) the tube. It wouldn’t move a bit. He 43 soap and cold water. Still stuck. Meanwhile 44 was breaking out in the class. Finally, I 45 the young man to our secretary, who was a miracle (奇迹) worker 46 three kids of her own. With her in charge, I was 47 all would be OK.
To get the students back in order, I 48 my own story of getting my 49 stuck between the rails of a balcony. Same kind of curiosity, I remembered 50 then how far I could thrust (塞) my knee between the rails. Inch by inch, I kept 51 and before I knew it, my knee was stuck and 52 before my eyes and in front of lots of 53 at a popular Las Vegas hotel!
Hearing my story, many students followed with their own 54 of heads, arms, fingers stuck in places they shouldn’t 55 . A few minutes later, the young man came back, test tube unbroken and finger 56 to a lovely shade of pink.
I just couldn’t 57 this kid. He’s only twelve. I too got my knee unstuck, but not without great 58 . The excuse for me, however, was not 59 but plain stupidity. I was 60 fifty years old when this happened.
41.
A.
continued
B.
needed
C.
happened
D.
used
42.
A.
active
B.
silent
C.
cheerful
D.
calm
43.
A.
lost
B.
tried
C.
fetched
D.
accepted
44.
A.
fire
B.
violence
C.
chaos
D.
argument
45.
A.
sent
B.
carried
C.
introduced
D.
described
46.
A.
teaching
B.
observing
C.
saving
D.
raising
47.
A.
confident
B.
doubtful
C.
surprised
D.
happy
48.
A.
heard
B.
wrote
C..
read
D.
shared
49.
A.
head
B.
arm
C.
knee
D.
foot
50.
A.
calculating
B.
wondering
C.
explaining
D.
reporting
51.
A.
kicking
B.
climbing
C.
walking
D.
pushing
52.
A.
swelling
B.
lifting
C.
resting
D.
shaking
53.
A.
doctors
B.
managers
C.
strangers
D.
students
54.
A.
findings
B.
stories
C.
conclusions
D.
news
55.
A.
stop
B.
exist
C.
stay
D.
be
56.
A.
pointing
B.
belonging
C.
returning
D.
growing
57.
A.
get mad at
B.
get rid of
C.
get used to
D.
get along with
58.
A.
encouragement
B.
embarrassment
C.
disappointment
D.
achievement
59.
A.
ambition
B.
bravery
C.
youth
D.
experiment
60.
A.
in the end
B.
after all
C.
in total
D.
at any rate
第二节(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Consensus about screens硅谷精英禁子女玩手机
The people (61) are (62) (close) to a thing are often the most wary (警惕的)of it. (63) (Technology) know how phones really work, and many have decided they don't want their own children anywhere near them. (64) wariness that has been slowly brewing is
turning into a regionwide consensus in Silicon Valley: The benefits of screens ___(65) a learning tool (66) (overblow), and the risks for addiction and stunting development seem high. Tim Cook, the CEO of Apple, said earlier this year that he would not let his nephew join social networks. Bill Gates (67) (ban) cellphones until his children were teenagers. "On the scale between candy and crack cocaine, (68) is closer to crack cocaine," Chris Anderson, the former editor of Wired, said of screens. "We thought we could control it. (69) it's beyond our power (70) (control). This is going straight to the pleasure centers of the developing brain."
第四部分 写作（共两节，满分35分）
第一节 短文改错(共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分)
假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)，并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线(\)划掉。
修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2．只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。
In the picture, we can see a boy in worn clothes, sits at a shabby wooden table with a pile of books on it. A weak ray of light came through a small hole in the wall and he was absorbed in her reading.
This is a well-known story from an ancient Chinese idiom. A boy, being poor, couldn’t afford
even a candle, but he bored a hole in the wall to “steal” light from his neighbor’s house to read at
night. The moral of the story is: spare no effort to acquire knowledges and never get discouraged
easy no matter how difficult the situation may be.
Of course, things are totally different today. It is not the story itself but also that is reflected
in the story that count. Hard work pays out off. We should take pains to improve ourselves through learning and get prepared for the future.
第二节 书面表达(满分25分)
假定你是李华，乘坐FL753航班抵达伦敦后发现钱包遗失。请给航空公司写一封邮件说明情况并寻求帮助。内容包括：
1. 行程信息； 2. 钱包特征； 3. 联系方式。
注意：1. 词数100左右； 2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
英语参考答案
1—5 BACBA 6—10 CCACB 11—15 CBCAB 16—20 AACBA
21—23 BCA 24—27 ADCB 28—31 DBDB 32—35 BCDA
36—40 GBCDF
41—45 ADBCA 46—50 DADCB 51—55 DACBD 56—60 CABCB
Consensus about screens硅谷精英禁子女玩手机
The people (61)who / that are (62) closest ( close ) to a thing are often the most wary of it. (63) Technologists ( Technology) know how phones really work, and many have decided they don't want their own children anywhere near them. (64) A wariness that has been slowly brewing is turning into a regionwide consensus in Silicon Valley: The benefits of screens (65) as a learning tool (66)are overblown (overblow), and the risks for addiction and stunting development seem high. Tim Cook, the CEO of Apple, said earlier this year that he would not let his nephew join social networks. Bill Gates (67)banned (ban) cellphones until his children were teenagers. "On the scale between candy and crack cocaine, (68) it is closer to crack cocaine," Chris Anderson, the former editor of Wired, said of screens. "We thought we could control it. (69) But it's beyond our power (70) to control (control). This is going straight to the pleasure centers of the developing brain."
对一件事物最了解的人往往也对其最警惕。技术专家们知道手机的运作原理，所以许多人拿定主意，绝不让自己的孩子靠近手机。在硅谷，一种一直在缓慢发酵的警觉正在变成地区性共识：屏幕产品作为学习工具的好处被夸大了，上瘾和阻碍孩子发育的风险似乎很高。苹果首席执行官蒂姆•库克今年早些时候表示，他不会让自己的侄子上社交网络。比尔•盖茨禁止他的孩子在十几岁前使用手机。《连线》前主编克里斯•安德森这么形容屏幕产品："在糖果和快克可卡因之间，它更接近后者。我们以为能控制它，但它已经超越了我们的控制能力。它能直接抵达正在发育的大脑的愉悦中枢。"
In the picture, we can see a boy in worn clothes, sits at a shabby wooden table with a pile of
sitting
books on it. A weak ray of light came through a small hole in the wall and he was absorbed in her
in his
reading.
This is a well-known story from an ancient Chinese idiom. A boy, being poor, couldn’t afford
the
even a candle, but he bored a hole in the wall to “steal” light from his neighbor’s house to read at
so
night. The moral of the story is: spare no effort to acquire knowledges and never get discouraged
knowledge
easy no matter how difficult the situation may be.
easily
Of course, things are totally different today. It is not the story itself but also that is reflected
what
in the story that count. Hard work pays out off. We should take pains to improve ourselves
counts
through learning and get prepared for the future.
书面表达范文
Dear Sir or Madam,
My name is Li Hua, and I was a passenger on Flight FL743 of your airline to London from Hangzhou yesterday, I found my wallet got lost when I arrived at the airport of London. Therefore, I am writing to ask for your help in finding my wallet, which is yellow with my name attached to the back. It contains my ID cards and two bank cards. The most importantly, it’s a birthday present that my father had given me. I would greatly appreciate it if you could help find it. My telephone number is 3308-8977.
I’m looking forward to hearing from you soon.
Regards,
Li Hua
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