第1讲 掌握名词的相关知识以及名词在语法填空和短文改错中的考查
备考指导 名词是历年高考中的必考点之一，其在高考中的考查主要涉及名词的数、所有格及词类转换等。
一、5种方法牢固掌握名词及其相关知识
方法 1 构词法、联想记忆、发散思维在知识整合中的应用
1．运用构词法记忆与之相关的课标要求词汇
act—action—active (反义词 inactive；passive)—actively—activity—actor—actress
—actual—actually
2．运用联想记忆法将课标要求的相关搭配牢固记忆
(1)act as担任(译员、调解员等)
(2)act for代理
(3)act on对……起作用；按照(建议、忠告、命令等)行事
(4)put/set sth.in action实行，开始
(5)take action开始行动
(6)be active in在……方面积极的
(7)take an active part in积极参加
3．运用发散思维记忆多词一义
“事实上”的几种表达法：
actually；as a matter of fact；in (actual) fact；in reality
方法 2 学会在写作中应用词汇知识
1. Old as he is，he is still active in (still takes an active part in) social activities.
尽管年长了，但是他仍然积极参加社会活动。
2. It is an act of kindness to help whoever needs help badly.
帮助那些急需要帮助的人是一种善举。
3. Immediate actions must be taken to reduce haze weather and better the environment by stopping polluting.
应该立即采取行动通过停止污染的方式减少雾霾天气，优化生活环境。
4. In some people’s opinion，the more they possess，the wealthier and happier they
are，but actually the reality is not what they expect.
有些人认为，拥有的东西越多，他们就越富有越幸福，但事实上现实并非像他们期待的那样。
方法 3 运用语境理解法解决名词辨析题
在平时的词汇学习中，尤其要注意名词的一词多义、多词一义问题，创设语境，在语境中记忆是最有效的。
你知道act与action的区别吗？
He was caught in the act of stealing.
他在偷东西时被抓住。
Actions speak louder than words.
行动胜于言辞。
act (n.)与action在大多数情况下可以互相替换，但是若指具体的动作时要用act，指抽象的行为时则要用action。
方法 4 利用名词的固定搭配法记忆名词短语
1．名词与介词的搭配
above praise赞美不尽
above average超过平均水平
at a loss不知所措
at full speed以全速
at sb’s service随时可供使用；随时提供帮助/服务
at present目前
at risk冒险
beyond compare无与伦比
beyond expression不可名状
beyond one’s reach够不着
beyond belief难以置信
beyond doubt无疑，确实
by chance/accident偶然
by no means绝不
by nature天生地
by mistake错误地
by heart熟记
for sale供出售，待售
for example例如
for an instant一瞬间
in ruins成为废墟
in doubt怀疑
in advance提前
in all aspects在各个方面
in public公开地
in detail详细地
in conclusion总之
on purpose故意地
on the whole总的来说
on average平均
on this occasion在这种情况下
on the contrary(与此)相反
out of date过时
out of order出故障
out of pity出于同情
out of curiosity出于好奇
out of breath上气不接下气
out of the question不可能
out of question没问题
out of danger脱离危险
out of control失控
out of sight不在视野内
to one’s surprise令某人吃惊的是
to some degree在某种程度上
under repair在修理之中
under consideration在考虑中
under discussion在讨论中
under construction在建设中
independence of独立于
interest in对……的兴趣
comments on对……评论
application for申请
influence on对……的影响
confidence in对……的信心
advantage over优于
contact with与……联系
approach to……的方式、方法
2．名词与动词的搭配
find fault with挑剔
keep pace with与……同步
pay attention to注意
put an end to结束
make a fool of嘲弄
make fun of取笑
catch sight of瞥见
take notice of注意到
take hold of抓住
make use of利用
set foot in进入；访问
take part in参加
take advantage of利用
have the privilege of对……拥有特权
make sb.’s acquaintance与某人相识
have a knowledge of了解……
方法 5 用多词一义辨析法识记
1．sign，signal，mark，symbol
这四个词的区别主要在词义上：sign“标志，迹象”，如：a traffic sign“交通标志”；signal“信号，暗号”；mark“记号，符号”；symbol“象征，符号，代号”。如：
He raised his finger to his lips as a sign for silence.
他举起一根手指放在嘴唇上，表示要保持安静。
The signal given，the bus started.
信号发出之后，汽车启动了。
The boy made a mark on the wall with a chalk.
这个男孩用粉笔在墙上做了一个记号。
Honesty should be the symbol of the highest standard morals.
诚信应当是最高道德标准的标志。
2．journey，trip，travel，voyage
journey常指陆地上距离较远的旅行。trip指短距离的旅行，也可以指长途旅行。在非正式用语中trip可以与journey互换使用，常与其搭配的动词有make，take等。travel泛指旅游，复数形式travels多指出国旅行或游记，前面不用many和数词修饰。通常journey和trip强调往返性，而travel不侧重往返性，可以是单程旅行。voyage指水上旅行或航海，也可以指空中旅行。如：
Have a good journey/trip!
旅行愉快！
This post involves a large amount of foreign travel.
这一职务要求经常到国外出差。
The Titanic sank on its maiden voyage.
泰坦尼克号在首航中就沉没了。
3．mistake，error，fault
三个词都有“错误，过错”的意思。与mistake相比，error更正式，常用于书面语。此外，error强调道德方面的过失，如：the error of his youth(他年轻时候的过失)。而fault则强调性格上的小缺点，如：Your only fault is that you can’t concentrate.(你唯一的缺点就是注意力不集中。)
4．power，force，strength
power表示“力”的范围，用途最广，包括各种力(身体上的、精神上的、外显的、隐含的等)。如：
To live happily is an inward power of the soul.
幸福地生活是灵魂的一种内在力量。
force主要指暴力，法律、道德或感情的力量等，常作“武力，暴力”讲。
strength指强度，力气，尤指承受重物的力量，如：a man of strength力气大的人。
5．cause，reason，excuse
cause是造成一种事实或现实的“原因，起因”，后接介词of；reason是说明一种看法或行为的“理由”；excuse“借口，辩解”。如：
Heat is the cause of the expansion of matter.
热是物质膨胀的原因。
You must tell him the reason why you won’t accept his offer.
你必须告诉他你将不接受他的帮助的理由。
Late again！What’s your excuse this time?
又迟到了！你这次有什么借口？
6．habit，custom，customs
habit指个人在长时间内逐渐养成的、一时不易改变的行为和习惯；custom则强调社会、民族经过一个较长的过程而形成的“风俗，习惯”；customs为复数名词，意思是“关税，进口税”。当首字母大写并与the连用时表示“海关”。如：
He has formed the habit of saving money.
他已养成了存钱的习惯。
Customs vary greatly from country to country.
各国的风俗很不一样。
The officials in the Customs at Beijing Airport are very polite.
北京机场的海关官员很有礼貌。
7．affect，effect，influence
(1)affect只能用作及物动词，其含义是“使……发生变化”，因此“影响”这一词义还可以引申为“感动，感染”。
(2)effect用作名词，着重指影响的“结果”或“作用”。常用于词组have an effect
on中，意思相当于affect。effect也可以用作及物动词，但意思完全不同，作“使……发生，产生……结果”讲。
(3)influence既可用作名词，也可用作动词，通常指通过说服、举例等对行动、思想、性格等产生不易觉察到的、潜移默化的影响。常用的短语搭配：have an influence on sb./sth.对某人/某事物有影响。
用affect，effect，influence的适当形式填空
(1)All the people present at the meeting were ________ to tears.
(2)What exactly is the ________ of television on children?
(3)Modern farming methods have greatly ________ agriculture，________________of which will ________________________ the environment.
8．affair，matter，event
(1)affair可用于严肃认真的公共或政治“事务”，也可指与个人密切相关的小事。
(2)matter所表示的“事情”在含义上比较模糊，通常指客观存在的或有待处理的问题。
(3)event通常指“重要事件”，“大事”，“(比赛等的)项目”。
用affair，matter，event的适当形式填空
(1)We had regular seminars to discuss international ________.
(2)The election was the main ________ of 2013.
(3)Youth crime is a(n) ________ of great concern.
(4)Top leaders often discuss international ________，that is，the main ________ of every year，while we also have some important ________ to do.
9．method，way，approach，means
(1)method表示科学的，系统的一套方法，而且强调以效率和准确性为目的。其前常与介词with搭配。
(2)way指单一技巧或整套操作过程。普通用语，其前常与介词in搭配。
(3)approach是学习或研究问题的方法，其后常与to搭配。
(4)means手段，方法，工具。其前常与介词by搭配。
用method，way，approach，means的适当形式填空
(1)His teaching ________ presents a new ________ to foreign language teaching.
(2)By this ________ they can increase their sales.
(3)Change your ________ of thinking，and you’ll feel better.
(4)If he changes his ________ of thinking，his teaching ________ will present a new ________ to foreign language teaching and by this ________ the students will make great progress.
10．award，reward，prize
(1)award vt.授予，颁发；判给。
be awarded for...因……而受奖
award sb.sth.颁发给某人某物
award n．指给在工作、学习等中表现优异的人的奖金、奖状或其他表彰物。
(2)reward n．& vt.报酬，奖励，可以用于比喻意义。指对某人的工作或服务等的回报，也指因做好事而得到的奖金和报酬。
reward sb.with sth.用……酬谢某人
(3)prize n．强调给赢得比赛的人奖金或有价值的东西，be awarded a prize for因……而获奖； win the Noble Prize for peace获诺贝尔和平奖；the first prize in lottery中头彩。
用award，reward，prize的适当形式填空
(1)He received a ________ of 900 from the police for catching the criminal.
(2)The university ________ her a scholarship.
(3)He won the first ________ in the singing contest.
(4)He was ________ a scholarship as a ________ or an ________，which was also a ________ of his diligence.
11．care，anxiety，concern，worry
(1)care因责任感、使命感而产生的担心、操心，指忧虑的事，操劳(烦恼)的事。
(2)anxiety对前途的不幸、灾难等隐约的担心，指焦虑(的原因)，令人担心的事。
(3)concern对喜欢、关心的人/事的担心，指关心的事，重要的事，挂念，关心。
(4)worry对某一特定问题的担心、发愁、忧虑、令人担心的事等。
用care，anxiety，concern，worry的适当形式填空
(1)I appreciate your ________．
(2)How I wish I could live a life free from ________！
(3)I waited for her with ________．
(4)Life is full of ________ and ________，so every one of us should show ________ for others and share ________ with them.
12．custom，habit，hobby
这三个词都有“习惯”的意思，但含义不同。
(1)custom通常指大范围、长时间形成的风俗和习惯。
(2)habit通常指个人短时间的习惯。
(3)hobby指“爱好”。
用custom，habit，hobby填空
(1)He formed a ________ of getting up early.
(2)The Spring Festival is a ________ in East Asia.
(3)Reading is his ________．
(4)My ________ is reading for which I have formed the ________ of getting up early that is also our ________ on New Year’s Day.
13．damage，destroy，ruin
(1)damage是程度较小的“破坏，损坏”，强调价值、用途降低或外表损坏等。一般指被破坏的物品可以重新修复。
(2)destroy常指彻底的、不能或很难修复的“破坏，毁坏”，程度较深，强调“毁坏”的力度和彻底性；也可用于损坏抽象的东西，比如名誉、计划、努力、契约等。
(3)ruin亦指彻底毁掉，但不含有以某种摧毁性的力量进行破坏，而含有在一定的过程中逐渐毁掉的意思；强调使某物失去优良的特性或特征。
汶川地震后，许多建筑物都彻底毁坏了，但是当地居民还是修理了一些损坏不太严重的而且新建了一些建筑，以避免他们家乡的毁灭。
After the Wenchuan earthquake，many buildings were ________，but the local people still repaired the ________ ones and rebuilt the new ones to keep their hometown from coming to ________．
14．diet，food
(1)diet指的是习惯的食物或规定的食物，特指维持健康的定量或定质的食物，如病人的疗养饮食。diet为可数名词，常与不定冠词a连用。
(2)food是一般用法，凡能吃喝的、具有营养的东西都称作food。food是不可数名词，但在表示食品的种类时，可以用复数。
这个病人不能不吃东西，但要吃不含糖的食物。
The sick man must not go without ________，but he must have ________ without sugar.
15．scene，scenery，sight，view
(1)scene指展现在眼前的情景，也可以指scenery的一部分，大多包括景物中的人及活动在内。
(2)scenery指某地总的自然风光或景色，尤指美丽的乡间景色。
(3)sight既可以指场景，眼前看到的景观，也可以指名胜、风景，在表示“名胜、风景”时，用复数形式。
(4)view常指从某个位置或角度所看到的景色，指“视野，眼界”，还可表示“观点”。
用scene，scenery，view，sight的适当形式填空
(1)As we climbed higher，a wonderful ________ opened out before us.
(2)The next day we returned to the ________ of the accident.
(3)On the way up I was busy taking pictures since the ________ was so beautiful.
(4)The Great Wall whose ________ is beautiful is one of the most breathtaking ________ in the world，but twenty years ago，beautiful as the ________ was from the distance，a dirty ________ appeared in front of us when we arrived there.
16．situation，state，condition
(1)situation指一定时期内总的情况、形势、事态，亦可指国际、国内形势，是可数名词；其后常用where/in which引导定语从句。
(2)state用单数形式表示人或事物的情况及状况，如外貌、心理、外观等方面，可与不定冠词连用，常用于in a state of或in a．..state。
(3)condition的单数形式表示人或物本身的状况，在这个意思上与state相近；而复数形式则指事物之外的环境与情况，与circumstance意思相近。
用situation，state，condition的适当形式填空
(1)His business is in a good ________．
(2)The ________ of the house is so bad that nothing can make it safe to live in.
(3)After that I give the students various ________ where they make up sentences about them.
(4)Although the ________ of his shop is very bad，his business is in a good ________ because the economic ________ is thriving.
17．shade，shadow
二者都可表示“阴影”，但含义不同。
(1)shade表示“阴凉处，树荫”，强调避热作用。
(2)shadow强调人或物在光照下形成的影像。
用shade，shadow填空
(1)He saw a ________ of a man in the window.
(2)It’s hot，let’s sit down in the ________ of that tree.
(3)In the ________ of a big tree she could see a ________ of a man in the window.
二、名词的2个应对策略
1．名词与语法填空
考向：在语法填空中，对于名词的考查主要涉及可数名词的复数、名词的所有格以及词类转换；
策略：首先要弄清数与格，即名词是否该用复数，是否要用所有格；其次，注意有关名词的构词法，即有关名词的词类转换。这就要求考生要搞清楚名词在句中作什么成分，近几年常考名词作主语、宾语、表语的情况。
典例展示1 (2016·全国卷Ⅰ) But for tourists like me, pandas are its top ________ (attract)．
答案 attraction
解析 表示最具吸引力的地方，应用名词形式。故答案为attraction。
典例展示2 (2016·全国卷Ⅰ)The nursery team switches him every few ________ (day) with his sister so that while one is being bottle－fed, the other is with mum —
she never suspects.
答案 days
解析 “every few＋复数名词”意思是“每隔……”。故应用days。
典例展示3 (2016·四川高考)Any smell might attract natural ________ (enemy) that would try to eat the little panda.
答案 enemies
解析 天敌不止一个，故用复数形式enemies。
典例展示4 (2016·全国卷Ⅱ)Recent ________ (study) show that we are far more productive at work if we take short breaks regularly.
答案 studies
解析 本句的谓语动词是show，说明空格处的主语是名词复数studies。
典例展示5 (2015·全国卷Ⅱ)In addition to their simple beauty，what makes the adobe dwellings admirable is their ________ (able) to “air condition” a house without using electric equipment.
答案 ability
解析 形容词性物主代词their之后应当用名词，故将able转化为其名词形式ability。
典例展示6 (2015·全国卷Ⅰ)I’d skipped nearby Guilin，a dream place for tourists seeking the limestone mountain tops and dark waters of the Li River that are pictured by artists in so many Chinese ________(painting)．
答案 paintings
解析 由于该名词由so many修饰，故填该名词的复数形式paintings。
典例展示7 (2014·全国卷Ⅰ)While there are amazing stories of instant transformation，for most of us the ________(change) are gradual and require a lot of effort and work，like cleaning up a polluted river.Just be patient.
答案 changes
解析 前面是定冠词the，因此后面要用名词，再由谓语动词are可知此空要用其名词的复数形式，故填changes。
典例展示8 (2014·辽宁高考)I feel my legs shaking.I cannot do this any longer...Unbelievable！Oh...，if you don’t mind，I’ll stop and take ________ deep breath.
答案 a
解析 根据语境可知，说话者对于现在正在进行的活动感到体力不支，因此需要停下来深吸一口气。take a deep breath深吸一口气。
2．名词与短文改错
考向：短文改错中对于名词的考查最可能考查名词的数与格。汉语中的名词在形式上没有复数变化，而是通过在其前加数词或量词等方式来表示。而英语则不同，除了在名词前加数词外，如果是可数名词，还须用其名词复数形式，而不可数名词没有复数形式。其次名词的考查还会涉及词性转换方面的错误；
策略：遇到名词首先注意区分它是可数名词还是不可数名词；其次还可以根据名词前的修饰语或谓语动词的单复数来判断。此外，还要注意名词的所有格以及名词的句法功能，判断是否存在词性转换方面的错误。
典例展示1 (2016·全国卷Ⅲ)The teenage year from 13 to 19 were the most difficult time for me.________
答案 year→years
解析 13至19岁的那几年，year当然要用复数形式。故year改为years。
典例展示2 (2016·四川高考)Mom has a full－time job, but she has to do most of the houseworks.________
答案 houseworks→housework
解析 housework为不可数名词，没有复数形式。故houseworks改为housework。
典例展示3 (2016·全国卷Ⅰ)My uncle tells me that the key to his success is honest.________
答案 honest→honesty
解析 主语是key，表语与其构成同位关系，并非对主语的描述，应用名词。故honest改为honesty。
典例展示4 (2016·全国卷Ⅱ)If we go on a trip abroad, we can broaden our view and gain knowledges we cannot get from books.________
答案 knowledges→knowledge
解析 knowledge为不可数名词，不能用复数。故knowledges改为knowledge。
典例展示5 (2015·全国卷Ⅰ)The airs we breathe in is getting dirtier and dirtier.________
答案 airs→air
解析 由后面的定语从句we breathe in可知，此处先行词的意思是“空气”，air当“空气”讲时为不可数名词。故airs改为air。
典例展示6 (2015·全国卷Ⅱ)One day，little Tony went to a shopping center with his parent.It was...his parents were missing...Tony saw his parents.________
答案 parent→parents
解析 从后文可以看出Tony的父母一起和他去的购物中心，后文两次出现parents，所以应该将parent改为parents。
典例展示7 (2015·四川高考)As I told you last time，I made three new friend here.________
答案 friend→friends
解析 名词friend为可数名词，其前有three修饰，需要用复数形式，故把friend改成friends。
典例展示8 (2015·浙江高考)My old classroom was interesting because three side of the classroom were made from glass.________
答案 side→sides
解析 前面有three修饰，故side要用复数形式sides。
跟踪训练
考点突破
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．He had witnessed too many________(die) and wounds at the Battle of Solferino in Italy four years earlier，in which 40，000 people were killed，wounded or missing.
2．Apple’s new machine，the Lisa，proved to be an expensive________(fail)．
3．I ran into my neighbor，Dennis，yesterday afternoon.He asked if I wanted two tickets to the theater.He had season tickets but couldn’t go to this________(perform)．
4．Tourism should also advance the wealth and________(happy) of local inhabitants.
5．These people have made great________(contribute) to China with their work.
6．They get advice from “________(strange)”．When they need advice，they don’t
usually go to people they know.
7．My first________(impress) of him was that he was a kind and thoughtful young man.
8．Those who suffer from headache will find they get__________(relieve) from this medicine.
9．—Why do you choose to work in an international travel agency?
—Well，you know，English is my________ (strong)．So it is my best choice.
10．I made a__________(decide) to look at the flight monitors to see if there was an earlier flight to San Francisco.
Ⅱ.单句改错
1．Within the next few minute，my grandfather also caught a fish.________
2．You told me the name of different plants and their characteristics.________
3．Mom，I know I have never expressed my thank to you before.________
4．The food was wonderful with reasonable prices，and we enjoyed several local dish.________
5．Another way is to watch our everyday use of water and electric at home.________
6．From the time I was about four until I was about six，I destroyed each of my toy.________
7．We，as well as animal，cannot live without water and neither agriculture nor industry can go without it.________
8．In early January this year，the rate of UFO reports was steady，around three per weeks.________
9．Tom was having much troubles getting up in the morning and was always late for work.________
10．It felt very strange to travel without any luggages.________
能力提升
Ⅰ.阅读理解
Horses had been running wild in the Americas for thousands of years，until they went extinct.Modern horses，as we know them，came to America in around 1519 AD with the Spanish settlers led by Hernan Cortez.
Over time，some developed into the domesticated(驯养的) horse.However，America has preserved(保护) many of these wild horses that came from their Spanish ancestors.There has been debate about the future of wild horse populations in America.The US Bureau of Land Management (BLM) says that there are about 33，780 wild horses throughout 10 states in the western part of the US.
These wild horses have no natural enemies and are under federal protection，so their population size can double every four years.This does lead to problems.For many years，wild horses that came too close to cattle or sheep on public grazing lands(牧场) were caught or killed.Then a national campaign encouraged states and the federal government to protect the animals as a symbol of the American West.In 1971，a law was passed to allow only agents of the BLM to gather the horses as part of their work in preserving federal lands.
Most people (scientists included) believe that wild horse populations need to become a lot smaller.The BLM，which keeps track of wild horses，suggests that we have about 14，000 more horses than can exist in balance with the ecosystems that they live in.This causes a huge problem that has to be dealt with both environmentally and politically.A solution needs to be found not only to preserve the species but also to keep its population under control.
Some things have already been done to try to get the number of wild horses down，which include adoption of wild horses and the practice of giving vaccines to the female horses to make them unable to reproduce.
1．What was the main reason people caught or killed wild horses?
A．To make money.
B．To protect domestic animals.
C．To get pleasure.
D．To control their numbers.
2．What can we infer from the law passed in 1971?
A．It was too strict to be accepted by most people.
B．It was declared too late to save those wild horses.
C．It was not allowed by the law for farmers to hunt wild horses.
D．It was ignored by the public because of its unfairness.
3．According to the BLM，________．
A．the number of wild horses should be brought down to about 19，780
B．it is impossible to keep track of the female horses
C．it is wrong to give vaccines to the female horses
D．the symbol of the American West doesn’t have to be wild horses
4．In the text，the author mainly talks about ________．
A．the Bureau of Land Management
B．life in the American West
C．A law protecting wild horses
D．America’s wild horse problem
Ⅱ.完形填空
A wave and a smile seems such a small thing to offer high school students，but they noticed，and they figured out a way to thank Tinney Davidson.__1__ in the window of their living room，she and her husband Ken began to __2__ at students walking to and from Highland Secondary School.
Elderly people are mostly invisible to teenagers，__3__ these young people found they could not resist returning such __4__ smiles and waves.They began __5__ for the Davidsons as they passed by their house.
Most were __6__ with waving，but a few stopped to introduce themselves.One of them，Ginger Long，brought her a cupcake，and some of the students began visiting.
When Ken died，Tinney __7__ her daily smile.She also knitted(织) hats，sold them to passersby，and gave the __8__ to the hospital.She began knitting the __9__ when her granddaughter was going through __10__ treatments，hoping they would __11__ the girl if she lost her hair.She kept knitting them when her __12__ survived the cancer, selling them to passersby and donating the money to the hospital.
Students were touched by her warmth and __13__．As Valentine’s Day 2015 neared，they decided to __14__ the 84yearold at a school assembly(集会)．They made a video for her，painted a banner and made Valentine’s Day cards.They __15__ brought in
the chair she always sits in.The teary Davidson was __16__．Her smiles had brightened the day for students passing by her __17__．
One person，one small gesture.The effect is __18__．The students will remember her friendliness.One day they will pass the __19__ on their children.Some will be __20__ to do something for others because of it.It takes so little to have an impact.
1．A.Painting B．Sitting
C．Chatting D．Begging
2．A.wave B．smile
C．laugh D．shout
3．A.and B．so
C．but D．or
4．A.false B．natural
C．forced D．friendly
5．A.watching B．searching
C．making D．caring
6．A.tired B．content
C．patient D．disappointed
7．A.doubted B．benefited
C．continued D．quitted
8．A.comment B．chance
C．yard D．money
9．A.vests B．gloves
C．hats D．sweaters
10．A.bone B．mental
C．skin D．cancer
11．A.cheer B．recover
C．pay D．greet
12．A.husband B．soninlaw
C．grandson D．granddaughter
13．A.reputation B．effort
C．generosity D．selflessness
14．A.treat B．ring
C．comfort D．honor
15．A.even B．still
C．ever D．yet
16．A.amazed B．happy
C．shy D．confused
17．A.house B．car
C．store D．passage
18．A.temporary B．lasting
C．changeable D．different
19．A.humour B．courage
C．story D．moral
20．A.forbidden B．permitted
C．forced D．inspired
Ⅲ.语法填空
Some years ago, SARS broke out in the mainland of China, causing some people to be killed or nearly got close to 1.________(die). The most important thing for the 2.________ (govern) to do is to find out the 3.________ of this deadly 4.________ (ill)．
They invited all the most experts in this field to discuss and quite a few 5.________ (suggest) were put forward. Some of the top experts picked out those suggestions and tested them to see whether they were available. Doctor Zhong Nanshan chose one 6.________ who was seriously ill and had little hope of 7.________ (pick) up and had the new 8.________ (medical) tested on him. To his great 9.________ (joyful), this patient recovered! He made his way to his 10.________ (official) and telephoned to the top official, telling him this exciting news.
答案精析
第1讲 掌握名词的相关知识以及名词在语法填空和短文改错中的考查
(1)affected (2)effect (3)affected；the effect；have an influence on
(1)affairs (2)event (3)matter (4)affairs；events；matters
(1)method；approach (2)means (3)way (4)way；method；approach；means
(1)reward (2)awarded (3)prize/award (4)awarded；prize；award；reward
(1)concern (2)care (3)anxiety (4)cares；worries；concern；anxieties
(1)habit (2)custom (3)hobby (4)hobby；habit；custom
destroyed；damaged；ruin
food；a diet
(1)view (2)scene (3)scenery (4)scenery；sights；view；scene
(1)state (2)condition (3)situations (4)condition；state；situation
(1)shadow (2)shade (3)shade；shadow
考点突破
Ⅰ.1.deaths 2.failure 3.performance 4.happiness
5．contributions 6.strangers 7.impression
8．relief 9.strength 10.decision
Ⅱ.1.minute→minutes 2.name→names 3.thank→thanks 4.dish→dishes 5.electric→electricity 6.toy→toys 7.animal→animals 8.weeks→week
9．troubles→trouble 10.luggages→luggage
能力提升
Ⅰ.1.B
2．C
3．A
4．D
Ⅱ.1.B
2．A
3．C
4．D
5．A
6．B
7．C
8．D
9．C
10．D
11．A
12．D
13．C
14．D
15．A
16．B
17．A
18．B
19．C
20．D
Ⅲ.1.death 2.government 3.cause 4.illness
5．suggestions 6.patient 7.picking 8.medicine
9．joy 10.office
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