时间：8～10分钟/篇 分值：2分/小题
Passage 1(2018成都)
Dear Merry，
Recently, I have trouble with my study.
In school I can't listen to teachers carefully because I always feel tired and sleepy. I don't spend time with friends after class either because I think it's a waste of time. I even miss writing some answers in the test.
At home, I can't get my homework done every night. My parents don't let me stay up. So I have to get up early the next morning to finish it. Lately, I even get a bad headache.
How can I solve these problems?
Yours，
Liu YaDear Liu Ya，
When you have trouble listening to teachers carefully in class, you_can_ask_your_teachers_or_deskmate_to_remind_you_often. Then spending time talking about many different things with friends can make you happy. It's not a waste of time. As for homework, when it's hard to get finished, one thing you can try is setting goals for yourself. Ask your parents to help you. You must take a break, especially if you don't feel well. You might be surprised but a short break can help you get more done! Lastly, if you don't worry and have enough sleep, your headache will leave you.
Yours，
Merry
( )1. Liu Ya wrote the letter to Merry in order to ________．
A. ask for help B. express worries C. share her experience
( )2. Liu Ya doesn't want to stay with friends after class because ________．
A. she needs to sleep
B. she thinks it's a waste of time
C. she has trouble with her classmates
( )3. Merry thinks ________．
A. taking a break is necessary
B. being with parents is helpful
C. setting goals by parents is important
( )4. According to the underlined part, what might Liu Ya's teacher say?
A. Sleep for a minute. B. Listen carefully.
C. Stop talking.
( )5. From Liu Ya's letter, we can find that she is too ________．
A. passive B. proud C. stressed
Passage 2(2018绵阳)
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Lady Rita
Got a bad grade, afraid to show my parents
Report cards are going out this Friday, and I realized I had failed in chemistry. My parents are probably going to kill me for that. What should I do？
Answers
Butterfly
It is better to be honest with them and tell them it is a very difficult course and you are trying your hardest. Promise them you will work harder. Study a little every night so when your next test comes you'll be much more prepared.
Derp
Let me guess, you have always been a great student and slipped up just this one time? Explain that to your parents.
Male T
You should learn from insects—when they try to cross a wall, they fall down again and again until at some time they get success.
Naughty
Do what I did...show your parents your report cards and then simply ask them...“Did any one of you guys ever fail a test？”
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Flower
I never showed my parents my test scores. It's none of their business！
( )1. Lady Rita put her question here to ________．
A. ask for help B. draw others' attention
C. please her parents D. share her grades with others
( )2. How many people advised Lady Rita to tell the truth?
A. Five. B. Four. C. Three. D. Two.
( )3. According to Butterfly, ________．
A. nobody can do well in chemistry
B. better preparation may lead to better grades
C. you won't get bad grades if you do your best
D. parents don't care how their kids do at school
( )4. What can we learn from Male T's suggestion?
A. Knowledge is power.
B. There's no smoke without fire.
C. Failure is the mother of success.
D. Good news never goes beyond the gate.
( )5. What do we know about Naughty?
A. He does well in all his subjects.
B. His parents used to be great students.
C. He thinks it's normal to fail sometimes.
D. He dare not show his grades to his parents.
Passage 3(2018苏州)
During my first two weeks at the University of California, Berkeley, I experienced some unexpected, funny, and sometimes embarrassing(令人尴尬的)situations. Allow me to share some with you.
But first, let me give advice to other foreign students who plan to study in the United States. Check the weather before coming! I was very sure that California was sunny all year around so I left all my jackets and sweaters in Paris. It was a huge mistake! It rained almost every day during the first week in Berkeley.
I have to say that I quickly forgot these unlucky events. Life in Berkeley is very pleasant and everything is so easy compared to Paris. For example, in only 24 hours I bought a mobile phone and made the lease(租约)agreement for a flat. What's more, almost all the shops are open on Sunday, which is very practical for me.
The first thing that surprised me is that students may come late to class. They freely enter and leave the classroom many times during class. In France, students respect the teacher's lesson, so they are never late and they leave the classroom only at the end of the class.
The local people in California are in general very nice, open and active. However, I am not totally used to their habits yet. Indeed, I was used to shaking my friends'
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hands every day in France. During my second day at Berkeley, I shook the hand of one of my classmates whom I had met the day before and he told me “I think we already met！”
Another funny story happened during the first party I attended: A girl that I met before came to hug me, I thought she wanted to kiss me like we usually do in France to say hello. So I kissed her and she seemed a little bit embarrassed.
I live a great experience at present, and I would just encourage any student to become a member in a program at UC, Berkeley.
( )1. According to the writer's advice, before students study in America, they should ________.
A. make a lease agreement for a flat
B. leave their warm clothes at home
C. pay attention to the local weather
D. prepare a phone as early as possible
( )2. When the writer's classmate said “I think we already met！”， he meant ________．
A. he and the writer had known each other in France
B. Americans needn't shake hands when they met again
C. he was not used to shaking hands with others
D. the writer had forgotten about their last meeting
( )3. What does the writer mainly want to tell us?
A. His experience at UC, Berkeley.
B. The relationship between classmates.
C. His advice on studying abroad.
D. The difference in attending a class.
Passage 4(2018绵阳)
Students who get tired of looking at the four walls of a classroom might like to take the nature course being offered by Carvel College again this summer. Groups of about a dozen students each, led by an experienced guide, will go on tenday camping trips to the mountains to study the plants and animals that grow and live there.
Students carry their own things, which include sleeping bags, warm clothing, food and water, and other useful tools. And what do the students do all day? Well, as soon as the sun comes up, they eat breakfast and start climbing up the mountain trail to the next campground, which is five to ten miles away. As the students take notes, the guide points out different plants and animals alongside the trail. The climb is usually over by early afternoon, so the group spends the rest of the day resting or swimming in a mountain lake. Before dinner each night, they all come together and discuss the day's activities.
At the end of the course, the students write reports using the information they have collected. But they don't mind at all. What they do mind is leaving the beauty of the wilderness and the good friends they've made to return to their normal lives in the city.
( )1. What can the course offer to the students?
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A. Better grades in tests.
B. Free vacations in mountains.
C. A different learning experience.
D. Better chance to study in Carvel College.
( )2. How far does a student have to walk throughout the course?
A. About five to ten miles.
B. About two hundred miles.
C. About fifty to one hundred miles.
D. About sixty to one hundred and twenty miles.
( )3. What do the students have to do before dinner?
A. Wash themselves up in a mountain lake.
B. Attend classes by the experienced guide.
C. Write about what they see along the trail.
D. Review what they learn through discussion.
( )4. What can we tell about the course?
A. They will change campgrounds everyday.
B. The students have to learn all by themselves.
C. Pens and books will be useless in the course.
D. Carvel College will provide everything for the students.
( )5. From the last paragraph we know the students are ________．
A. serious with the final report
B. unwilling to go back to the city
C. looking forward to returning home
D. too tired to stay in the course any longer
Passage 5(2018漳州)
As the saying goes, “If at first you don't succeed, try, try again.” This is never truer than when you are trying to master English. Lai Shixiong, a respected English master from Taiwan, has a story to share.
Like many nonnative speakers, Lai failed when he first started learning English. When he was in high school, he once got an unbelievably low mark of 7 out of 100 on an English test. He almost gave up on English, but then he entered a military school (军校), where he met a classmate who was good at English.
Amazed by his classmate's American accent, Lai decided to start learning English from the beginning. As he put it, “I saw myself as a baby who had just started to learn a language.” To correct his pronunciation, Lai practiced phonetic symbols(音标) hundreds of times every day using records.
When he was able to pronounce words, Lai said he began to practice dialogues. Not being able to find someone to practice with, Lai created a learning atmosphere
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(氛围) on his own.“I just talked to myself as if I were in a dialogue，” he said.
Lai also thought of ways to improve his skills. He used English to describe everything he saw. He even translated speeches when he went to class meetings at the military school. He also read and listened to English news to learn new expressions.
“There is no shortcut to mastering a language. You have to practice，” Lai said. After all, Rome wasn't built in a day.
( )1. What should we do if we want to master English according to the passage?
A. Keep trying.
B. Turn to a teacher.
C. Share your story with others.
D. Ask a classmate for help.
( )2. What's the main idea of the second paragraph?
A. Lai met a classmate.
B. Lai entered a military school.
C. Lai used to be weak in English.
D. Lai learned English after school.
( )3. Whom did Lai talk to when he practiced dialogues?
A. Himself. B. His brother.
C. A classmate. D. An English teacher.
( )4. How did Lai improve his skills in English?
A. By using an old dictionary.
B. By reading and listening to English news.
C. By pronouncing a new word a hundred times.
D. By describing what he saw in English and Chinese.
( )5. How do you like Lai Shixiong?
A. Easygoing and wise.
B. Helpful and successful.
C. Kindhearted and honest.
D. Patient and hardworking.
Passage 6(2018陕西)
Reading makes one wise, but many adults seldom read. They say they are too busy to have time to read. Sure. They have work to do. They have families to support. But these are only excuses. The fact is that they haven't got a reading habit. A reading habit isn't something natural. It needs to be trained. And it's never too late to develop a reading habit.
Scientists believe proper books are very important for children to develop a good reading habit. A book in rich colours and with simple patterns(图案) such as lines and circles is a good choice for babies of three months old. When they reach six months, they will become interested in simple story books in rich colours.
When children get old enough to read by themselves, it's necessary to buy books that are both interesting and right for them to understand. Books which are either too easy or too difficult are not good for kids to keep their reading habits.
Only buying books for children isn't enough. For kids, parents are their first
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teachers. So parents should read books to set an example. Children will follow them. Scientists say imitating the adults is a born skill. And it is the most valuable way for children to learn. This will certainly help them develop a reading habit in the end.
( )1. According to the writer, many adults seldom read because they ________．
A. don't have enough time
B. have to work all the time
C. haven't got a reading habit
D. have to support the family
( )2. The underlined word “imitating” here probably means ________．
A. copying B. reading C. testing D. missing
( )3. We can learn from the passage that ________．
A. story books are better than books in colours
B. a reading habit comes from certain training
C. a threemonthold kid likes simple stories
D. too easy books help keep a reading habit
Passage 7(2018山西)
Let children learn to judge(判断) their own work. A child doesn't learn to talk by being corrected all the time. If he is corrected too much, he will stop talking. He notices a thousand times a day the differences between the language he uses and the language others use. Little by little, he makes the necessary changes to make his language like other people's.
In the same way, children learn to do all the other things without being taught—to walk, run, climb or ride a bicycle. They compare their performances with those of more skilled people, and slowly make the changes. But in school we never give a child a chance to find out his mistakes and correct them himself. We do it all for him. We thought that he would never notice a mistake unless it was pointed out to him, or correct it unless he was made to. Soon he becomes dependent on the teacher. Let him work out with the help of other children if he wants it.
If it is a matter in math or science, give him the answer book. Let him correct his own papers. Why_should_we_teachers_waste_time_on_such_daily_work? Our job should be to help the children when they tell us that he can't find the way to get the right answer. Let the children learn what all educated persons must learn, how to measure(估量) their own understanding, how to know what they know or do not know.
Let them get on with this job in their ways. School teachers can offer help if they ask for it. Some parents and teachers are worried that the children might fail to learn something that they will need to get in the world. Don't worry! If it is important, they will go out into the world and learn it.
( )1. According to the passage, the best way for children to learn things
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is by ________．
A. being always corrected
B. following adults' advice
C. doing as other people do
( )2. The writer thinks teachers in school should ________．
A. encourage students to learn from each other
B. teach students how to get the answers directly
C. tell students what is wrong as often as possible
( )3. The underlined sentence in the third paragraph means ________．
A. teachers can't correct students' papers
B. teachers needn't waste time teaching students in class
C. teachers should help students improve their learning ability
( )4. We can infer(推断) that ________ from the passage.
A. students can face any challenge easily
B. students can learn a lot in the real life
C. students can grow up without others' help
( )5. The best title of the passage may be ________．
A. Let Us Teachers Stop Working
B. Let Children Learn by Themselves
C. Let Parents Understand Their Kids
专项训练六 语言学习
Passage 1 【主旨大意】本文是一篇应用文。以信件的形式呈现了刘亚在学习中遇到的问题，以及梅里给出的建议。
1. A 2. B 3. A 4. B 5. C
Passage 2【主旨大意】本文是一个图表。丽塔因化学成绩不好，不敢把成绩单给父母看，因此寻求帮助，表中还列举了五个人提出的建议。
1. A2. C3. B4. C5. C
Passage 3【主旨大意】本文是一篇记叙文。主要介绍了作者在加利福尼亚伯克利大学前两周的一些想不到的、有趣的、令人尴尬的经历。
1. C 2. B 3. A
Passage 4【主旨大意】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了Carvel大学给学生提供的一种体验自然的新型课程，学生们在为期十天的夏令营中学习动植物的生长过程，体会另一种学习方式。
1. C【解析】细节理解题。题干意为：这个课程能够给学生提供什么？根据第一段“Students who get tired of looking at the four walls of a classroom might like to take the nature course...”可知课程是不同于在教室里进行的常规课程。故选C。
2. C【解析】数字计算题。题干意为：在整个课程中，学生要步行多远？根据第一段中“tenday camping trips”及第二段“...which is five to ten miles away.”可知每天是五到十英里，十天是五十到一百英里。故选C。
3. D【解析】细节理解题。题干意为：学生们在吃晚饭前必须要做什么？根据第二段最后一句“Before dinner each night, they all come together and discuss the day's activities.”可知学生在一天结束后要讨论全天的活动。故选D。
4. A【解析】细节理解题。题干意为：从这个课程我们可以知道什么？根据第二段中“...start climbing up the mountain trail to the next campground...”可知，
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他们每天都有一个更换营地的徒步活动，故选A。
1. B【解析】细节理解题。题干意为：从最后一段我们知道学生们。根据最后一段内容可知他们介意的是离开自然美景和朋友们，回到城市中的平常生活。故选B。
Passage 5【主旨大意】 本文是一篇记叙文。介绍了赖世雄学习英语的经历。文章告诉我们：不论做何事情，失败后只要不放弃、不懈努力，终将成功。
1. A【解析】细节理解题。题干意为：根据短文，我们若想精通英语，该怎样做？根据第一段中“If at first you don't succeed, try, try again...trying to master English.”可知选A。
2. C【解析】段落大意题。题干意为：第二段的主要大意是什么？本段主要介绍了赖世雄曾经英语很差，故选C。
3. A【解析】细节理解题。题干意为：赖世雄练习对话时，是在与谁交流？根据第四段最后一句“...talked to myself as if...”可知选A。
4. B【解析】推理判断题。题干意为：赖世雄如何提高他的英语技能？A项文中未提及；文章第三段只提到了他每天练习音标上百遍，而非单词，排除C；第五段讲到他用英语描述见过的东西，排除D。根据第五段中“...read and listened to English news...”可知选B。
5. D【解析】推理判断题。题干意为：你认为赖世雄如何？根据赖世雄学习英语的经历可知其很努力；他能将音标练习上百遍，可知他是有耐心的。故选D。
Passage 6【主旨大意】本文是一篇说明文。说明了培养孩子好的阅读习惯的重要性。并就如何从小培养孩子的阅读习惯、应该买什么样的书以及父母应该给孩子什么样的指导提出了建议。
1. C【解析】细节理解题。题干意为：根据作者(所说)，因为很多成年人，他们很少阅读。根据第一段的第七句“The fact is that they haven't got a reading habit.”可知很多成年人很少阅读，是因为他们没有阅读习惯。故选C。
2. A【解析】词义猜测题。题干意为：划线单词“imitating”在此处的意思可能是。根据最后一段第三、四句话“So parents should read books to set an example. Children will follow them.”可知“imitating”的意思是“模仿”。故选A。
3. B【解析】推理判断题。题干意为：我们从文章中了解到。根据第一段倒数第二、三句话“A reading habit isn't something natural. It needs to be trained.”可知阅读习惯来自于一些特定的训练。故选B。
Passage 7【主旨大意】本文是一篇议论文。以孩子们说话和日常行为为例，说明别人不用过多地纠正他们的错误，孩子们自己会从与别人的不同之处慢慢纠正过来，慢慢做出改变，所以在学习中，老师不要总是纠正学生的错误，要让他们学会自己改正错误。
1. C【解析】细节理解题。题干意为：根据文章，孩子们学习的最好方法是通过。根据文章第一段最后一句“...he makes the necessary changes to make his language like other people's.”可知，学习需要模仿，故选C。
2. A【解析】细节理解题。题干意为：作者认为老师在学校里应该。根据文章第二段最后一句“Let him work out with the help of other children if he wants it.”可知，老师不应该总是给孩子们指出错误，应该鼓励孩子们之间彼此学习，共同完成任务，故选A。
3. C【解析】句意猜测题。题干意为：第三段划线句子的意思为。根据后文“Our job should be to help the children when they tell us that he can't find the way to get the right answer. Let the children learn what all educated persons must learn, how to measure(估量) their own understanding, how to know what they know or do not know.”可知，这些都是属于学习的能力，这是老师的任务，跟C项相符，故选C。
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1. B【解析】推理判断题。题干意为：从文章中我们可以推断。从最后一段最后一句“If it is important, they will go out into the world and learn it.”可知，他们在现实生活中也能学到很多东西。故选B。
2. B【解析】标题归纳题。题干意为：文章最合适的题目可能是。本文主要就老师不要总是纠正学生的错误，要让他们自己学会改正错误的话题展开议论。跟B项的意思相符，故选B。
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