2019年中考（人教）英语：阅读理解基础优题（10）及答案
【实战训练】 A
（2019中考训练题）
Dear Mr Scott,
I expect you may be slightly surprised to receive a letter from your next-door neighbor, but I have to raise a theme that it will be easier for me to discuss in writing. You may have noticed that I have a line of apple trees running along the fence（栅栏）that separates our two gardens. You may also have felt happy when you see your two children sitting on your grass by the fence. And you may also have noticed that my apple trees bend over the fence and seem to look down at your children with interest. It is only natural that your children should sometimes seem to return that interest. And it is quite legal（合法的）for them to show that interest by picking all the apples that hang over on your side of the fence. But to tell you the truth, Mr Scott, I am tired of seeing your children, day after day, destroy the branches of every one of my apple trees. And it seems that a war has been fought on one side of my apple trees. Besides, I am more tired of waking up on these fine autumn mornings to find even the apples on MY side of the fence much less in number. I know this too is the work of your children, since last night I was woken at midnight by the noise they were making when climbing one of my trees, and (as they may have told you) I drove them away.
Yours sincerely,
Becky Aldrin
1．What is this?
A． A complaint letter. B． An invitation letter.
C． A thank-you letter. D． A recommendation letter.
2．Which season was it?
A． Spring. B． Summer. C． Autumn. D． Winter.
3．What did the two children do last night?
A． They sat on the grass. B． They ran along the fence.
C． They destroyed the branches. D． They climbed an apple tree.
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4．How was Becky Aldrin when she wrote this letter?
A． Polite but serious. B． Surprised but happy.
C． Angry and rude. D． Tired and uninterested.
5．What did Becky Aldrin wish Mr Scott to do next?
A． Be kind to his neighbour B． Make friends with his children.
C． Have a talk with his children. D． Grow apple trees in his garden.
【解析】这篇短文是Becky写给Scott的一封信，他们两个是邻居，Becky沿着他们两家之间的篱笆种了一些苹果树，但是Scott先生的两个孩子总是毁坏苹果树，所以她写信告诉Scott先生，希望他能处理一下。
1．主旨大意题。这篇短文是Becky Aldrin写给Scott先生的一封信，根据信中But to tell you the truth, Mr Scott, I am tired of seeing your children, day after day, destroy the branches of every one of my apple trees. …Besides, I am more tired of waking up on these fine autumn mornings to find even the apples on MY side of the fence much less in number. I know this too is the work of your children可知，她是在向Scott先生抱怨，因为Scott先生家的孩子毁坏了她的苹果树，还偷她的苹果。因此这些一封抱怨信，故选A。
2．推理判断题。根据短文中And it is quite legal（合法的）for them to show that interest by picking all the apples that hang over on your side of the fence.可知，现在苹果树上已经结苹果了，因此应该是秋季。故选C。
3．细节理解题。根据短文的最后since last night I was woken at midnight by the noise they were making when climbing one of my trees可知，昨天晚上，Scott先生家的两个孩子爬上了Becky Aldrin的一棵苹果树，由此可知应选D。
4．推理判断题。从Becky写的这封信中的一些文字，如I expect you may be slightly surprised to receive a letter from your next-door neighbor, but I have to …、It is only natural that…、And it is quite legal…、But to tell you the truth, Mr Scott, I am tired of…等等，我们可以看到她写信的语气是很委婉、有礼貌的，但同时她也严肃地提出了这个问题，故应选A，有礼貌但严肃的。B是惊奇的但开心的；C是生气的、粗鲁的；D是累的、不感兴趣的。
5．推理判断题。这封信中Becky向Scott先生抱怨了他的孩子们的所作所为，她的目的应该是希望Scott先生能和他的孩子好好的谈一谈，不要再去破坏她的苹果树了。故应选C。
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点睛：这篇短文是Becky写给Scott的一封信，他们两个是邻居，Becky沿着他们两家之间的篱笆种了一些苹果树，但是Scott先生的两个孩子总是毁坏苹果树，所以她写信告诉Scott先生，希望他能处理一下。文章内容贴近学生的日常生活，比较容易理解。对于这篇短文和题目来说，理解文意是次之，而最主要的是学生们在阅读的时候，能够读出作者的写作意图以及她的写作语气。后面的题目也考查了这一点，例如第4小题，问的就是Becky在写信时的感受，根据文意可知，虽然在信中Becky向Scott先生抱怨了他的孩子的不好的行为，但整篇文章Becky的语气都是很委婉的，如开头的这句话I expect you may be slightly surprised to receive a letter from your next-door neighbor, but I have to…以及文章中It is only natural that your children should sometimes seem to return that interest. And it is quite legal（合法的）for them to show that interest by picking all the apples that hang over on your side of the fence.这两句话站在对方的角度想问题，这些语言都让我们能够看出Becky是很礼貌、很认真的讲述问题，故应选A。
【实战训练】 B
阅读下列材料，从A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳答案。
Do you often give thanks to your family, friends, teachers or other people? If you don’t, you should start doing it now. According to a study, “giving thanks” is not only good for our mind, but also good for our body.
“Giving thanks” to people shows you are grateful (感激的), friendly and nice. It helps you get on well with your family and friends. It makes you live happily.
“If thankfulness were a kind of medicine, it would be the world’s best medicine”. It helps our organs(器官) work better,” says Dr P Murali Doraiswamy from Duke University.
The study has two groups of students. One group writes “thank-you” letters to people they know. The other group doesn't write letters. The group that writes the letters finds that their life is happier than before. Happy life is very important to health. You will sleep well and work well. And you won’t fall ill easily.
So show your thanks to people in words or in letters from today.
51. Giving thanks to others is ______ for our mind and body.
A. friendly B. easy C. good D. bad
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52. According to the passage, if we often give thanks to others we can ______.
A. work well B. live happily C. sleep well D. All above
53. Which of the following is NOT true according to the passage?
A. The group that writes “thank-you” letters is happier than before.
B. “Giving thanks” will help you get on well with others.
C. “Giving thanks” shows you are grateful.
D. You will fall ill when you give thanks to your family.
参考答案51—53 CDD
【实战训练】 C
A green life sometimes just needs a good idea like sharing cars (拼车). Sharing cars means you can use a car but you don’t need to own it. Now the idea of car sharing has become an important way of people’s getting out around the world.
As we know, most people park their cars in garages（车库） for much time. In fact, we drive our own cars for about one or two hours a day. When we don’t use them, we have to pay for parking and other things. That costs too much money. But if we share a car, we’ll only pay when we use it.
Now more and more people are starting to share cars. In Switzerland, almost 40,000 people have joined it. Japan is also trying to make it popular around the country.
Car sharing is the beginning of a new idea in transportation（交通）. It is also possible for us to travel everywhere without buying a car. Do you love to share a car with others?
54. According to the passage, car sharing means ______.
A. you can buy a car with others
B. you can use a car without buying it
C. you can’t afford a car
D. you are not able to drive a car
55. The idea of car sharing is popular ______.
A. only in China B. only in Switzerland
C. only in Japan D. around the world
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56. People like sharing cars because ______.
A. they have no garages B. they drive their own car too often
C. they don’t want to own a car D. they want to save money
57. From the passage we know ______.
A. car sharing is a new way of getting out
B. people won’t buy cars any more
C. fewer people will go traveling
D. people sharing cars have no cars at home
参考答案54—57 BDDA
【实战训练】 D
隐形杀手——抑郁症
Although we all want happiness and joy every day, sometimes we still feel blue. Most people can control this, but sometimes it can get worse and people fall into depression (抑郁).
This year, the WHO chose“depression” as the theme of World Health Day. This aims to raise people's awareness (意识) of it. According to its recent report, about 322 million people suffered depression in 2015. This is more than 4 percent of the world's population.
Depression is described as a mental disorder(精神疾病). It has several symptoms(症状) like sadness and loss of interest. In extreme cases, depression may lead to suicide (自杀)．
There are three groups of people that are more likely to develop depression, according to WHO. One is old people, while another is women who are pregnant (怀孕的) or have just given birth. And young people are also one of the three groups.
In China, depression among young people is on the rise, Zhu Zhuohong, a famous psychology professor told Xinhua. Competitions, especially in education, can cause a lot of pressure.
Luckily, efforts are being made to solve this problem. Now several social organizations in China are trying hard to help those with depression. WHO also held the “Depression:
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Let's talk” campaign this month, aiming to make sure that people with depression seek and get help.
1. People with depression even want to ________．
A. seek and get help B. have competitions
C. have pressure D. commit suicide
2. Which of the following is NOT TRUE?
A. Depression is a mental disorder.
B. Pregnant women are more likely to develop depression.
C. People with depression cannot go to work.
D. Depression among young people is on the rise.
3. The underlined word “blue” in the passage means “________”．
A. the color of the sky B. sad and hopeless
C. sad music D. bad behavior
4. Depression among young people in China may be caused by ________．
A. pressure B. large population C. sadness D. mental disorder
5. What's the best title for the passage?
A. Depression Development B. Depression—A Silent Killer
C. Education Competitions D. Depression Campaign
【主旨大意】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了抑郁症患者的数量、症状、患病人群及为了阻止患抑郁症而采取的一些措施。
1. D 【解析】细节理解题。题干意为：精神抑郁的人甚至想去________。根据第三段最后一句中“...depression may lead to suicide(自杀)．”可知“抑郁者有自杀倾向”，故选D。
2. C 【解析】推理判断题。题干意为：下列哪一个叙述是不正确的？A项：抑郁是一种精神疾病；B项：孕妇更可能患抑郁；C项：有抑郁的人不能去工作；D项：年轻人抑郁人数上升。A、B、D三项内容文中均有提到，是正确的。文中提到有部分人没有意识到自己患了抑郁，还有些学生由于教育的压力导致抑郁等，均说明抑郁的人是可以工作的，C项错误。故选C。
3. B 【解析】词义猜测题。题干意为：文中划线单词“blue”的意思是“________”。前句提示“happiness”和“joy”，后文转折，故可以推断是“sad and hopeless难过和绝望”。故选B。
4. A 【解析】细节理解题。题干意为：在中国，青少年抑郁可能是由________
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引起。根据第五段最后一句“Competitions, especially in education, can cause a lot of pressure.”可知教育竞争的压力导致年轻人患上抑郁。故选A。
5. B 【解析】标题归纳题。题干意为：文章最佳的标题是什么？本文主要介绍抑郁对人们的危害。故B选项 Depression—A Silent Killer“抑郁——沉默的杀手”符合题意，故选B。
【实战训练】 E
I shook hands with my father in the truck, and for a long time he looked straight ahead and didn't say a word. But I knew he was going to say a little t o me. "I can't tell anything," he finally said. "I never went to college, and none of your brothers went to college. I can't say don't do this and do that, because everything is different and I don't know what is going to come up. I can't help much with money either, but I think things will work out. "
He gave me a new check-book. "If things get pushing, write a small check. But when you write one, send me a letter and let me know how much. There are some things we can always sell." In four years all t he checks I wrote were less than a thousand dollars. My part-time jobs such as reading to the blind student and sitting with the teachers' kids filled in the financial gaps.
"You know what you want to be, and they'll tell you what to take," my father went on. "When you get a job, be sure it's honest, and work hard." I knew that soon I would be alone in the big town, and I would be missing the cool winds and a life where your thinking was done for you.
Then my dad reached down beside his seat and brought the old, broken Bible that he had read so often, the one he used when he wanted to look something up in a friendly quarrel with one of the neighbours. I knew he would miss it. I knew, though, that I must take it.
He didn't say read this every morning. He just said, "This can help you if you will let it."
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Did it help? I got through college without being a burden on the family. I have been able to make money since.
1. What is the writer's main purpose (目的) in writing this passage?
A. To tell the readers his life story.
B. To tell people what kind of person his father was.
C. To let people know how poor he was.
D. To tell the readers what present he got from his father.
2. Why did the father not ask his son not to do this and do that?
A. Because he felt quite confident of his son.
B. Because he was born from a poor family.
C. Because he was a man of few words.
D. Because he didn't want to be much too strict with his son.
3. What would someone learn from this passage?
A. How to live by oneself. B. How to stand on one's own feet.
C. What a good father should do. D. What the self-important is like.
4. What may be the proper Chinese for the underlined part in the passage?
A. 闲暇时光. B. 学费. C. 经济不足. D. 精神空虚.
5. What kind of book did the Bible seem to be to the writer's father?
A. It was a book which told you how you should get on well with others.
B. There were many good examples for you to copy in it.
C. It was a book that told you how to get a good job and a good future.
D. It was a good book that could help you when you were in trouble.
阅读理解参考答案：1. D 2. A 3. B 4. C 5. D
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